DOCSLIB.ORG

D3.4 Report on Assessed Risk and Impacts in All EU Case

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
D3.4 Report on Assessed Risk and Impacts in All EU Case D3.4 Report Report on assessed risk and impacts in all EU case study areas © 2017 PEARL This project has received funding from the European Union´s Seventh Framework Programme for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration under Grant Agreement No 603663 for the research project PEARL (Preparing for Extreme And Rare events in coastal regions). All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a database or retrieval system, or published, in any form or in any way, electronically, mechanically, by print, photoprint, microfilm or any other means without prior written permission from the publisher. The deliverable D3.4 reflects only the author’s views and the European Union is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained. 2 D3.4 Report Report on assessed risk and impacts in all EU case study areas Dissemination level (select one): PU = Public PP = Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services). 3 Document Information Project Number 603663 Acronym PEARL Full Title Preparing for Extreme and Rare events in coastaL regions Project URL http://www.pearl-fp7.eu/ Document URL EU Project Officer Denis Peter Report on assessed risk and impacts in all Deliverable Number D 3.4 Title EU case study areas Holistic Risk Work Package Number WP3 Title Assessment Date of Delivery Contractual 01.06.2017 Actual 04.03.2017 Status version 1.0 final □ Nature report X Dissemination level public X Abstract (for This report describes the work conducted in the EU case studies dissemination, 100 and some international case study areas of PEARL to determine words) the level of risk due to extreme events occurred in the past. Each chapter describe the data used to conduct the analysis of hazard and vulnerability assessment. For vulnerability analysis, PEARL has developed a flexible methodology to be able to be applied in a wide variety of cases with different levels of information. Finally each chapter presents a description about the methods used to aggregate the information and produce risk maps. Keywords Hazard assessment, Vulnerability assessment, Impacts, Risk Version Log Issue Date Rev. No. Author Change Approved by 4 Disclaimer The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant agreement n° 603663 for the research project PEARL (Preparing for Extreme And Rare events in coastaL regions). The deliverable 3.4 reflects only the authors' views and the European Union is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained herein. 5 Summary This report describes the work conducted in the EU case studies and some international case study areas of PEARL to determine the level of risk due to extreme events occurred in the past. Each chapter describe the data used to conduct the analysis of hazard and vulnerability assessment. For vulnerability analysis, PEARL has developed a flexible methodology to be able to be applied in a wide variety of cases with different levels of information. Finally each chapter presents a description about the methods used to aggregate the information and produce risk maps. This report is structured in the following way: each PEARL partner responsible for the case study area have documented the work that has been conducted so far in relation to the methods and tools used to estimate Hazards, Vulnerabilities and Risk. Chapters 2- 10 presents the description of each case study area. 6 Contenido 1 INTRODUCTION 22 2 CASE STUDY MARBELLA 23 2.1 Description of the study area 23 2.1.1 Main geomorphologic, social and economic features 23 2.1.2 Main challenges that affect the case study 24 2.2 Data collection and analysis for hazard assessment 24 2.2.1 Rainfall data sources 24 2.2.2 Rainfall data elaboration 25 2.2.3 Data collection and calibration 27 2.2.4 Hazard assessment 30 2.3 Data collection and analysis for vulnerability assessment 32 2.4 Risk assessment 34 2.5 How risk analysis benefit local stakeholders 36 2.6 References 38 3 CASE STUDY GENOVA 39 3.1 Description of the study area 39 3.2 Data collection and analysis for hazard assessment 41 3.2.1 Collected data for hazard assessment 41 3.2.2 Analysis of data for hazard assessment 41 3.3 Data collection and analysis for vulnerability assessment 55 3.3.1 Data collection for vulnerability assessment 55 3.3.2 Methodology applied to the vulnerabity assessment 56 3.4 Risk assessment 59 3.5 How risk analysis benefit local stakeholders 63 4 CASE STUDY HAMBURG, ELBE ESTUARY 64 4.1 Introduction 64 4.2 Description of the study area 65 4.3 Data collection and analysis for hazard assessment 65 4.4 Data collection and analysis for vulnerabiltiy assessment 68 4.5 Risk assessment 71 4.5.1 The district of Wilhelmsburg 71 4.5.2 Assessment of the temporal development of the flood risk (2010- 2016) 72 4.6 How risk analysis benefit local stakeholder 74 4.7 Influence of adaption measures on hazards and consequently on the risks 74 4.8 Summary and Outlook 77 4.9 References 78 5 GREVE CASE STUDY 79 5.1 Data collection and analysis 81 7 5.2 Urban coastal flood hazards 84 5.3 Flood damages and risks 88 5.4 Summary 95 5.5 References 95 6 RETHYMNO CASE STUDY, CRETE 98 6.1 Description of the study area 98 6.2 Data collection and analysis for hazard asssessment 100 6.2.1 Data collection 101 6.2.2 Integrated modelling framework 102 6.3 Data collection and analysis for vulnerability asssessment 113 6.4 Risk assessment 117 6.5 How risk analysis benefit local stakeholders 120 6.6 References 122 ANNEX 1 OF RETHYMNO CASE STUDY 124 ANNEX 2 OF RETHYMNO CASE STUDY 127 7 CASE STUDY CHANTELLAILON-PLAGE, FRANCE 1 7.1 Description of the study area 1 7.2 Data collection and analysis for hazard asssessment 2 7.3 Data collection and analysis for vulnerability asssessment 10 7.4 Risk assessment 14 7.5 How risk analysis benefit local stakeholders 20 8 CASE STUDY TAIWAN 21 8.1 Description of the study area 21 8.2 Data collection and analysis for hazard assessment 22 8.2.1 Data 22 8.2.2 Extreme event analysis 24 8.2.3 Methodology 25 8.2.4 Model calibration and validation 25 8.2.5 Flood Inundation Maps 26 8.3 Data collection and analysis for vulnerability assessment 27 8.4 Risk assessment 28 8.5 How risk analysis benefit local stakeholders 30 9 CASE STUDY – ST MAARTEN 31 9.1 Description of the study area 31 9.1.1 Location, social and economic features 31 9.1.2 Main challenges that affect the case study 31 9.2 Data collection and analysis for hazard assessment 32 9.2.1 Coastal flooding data sources 32 9.2.2 Inland Flooding data sources 34 Rainfall analysis 35 9.2.3 Flood Hazard Assessment 38 8 9.2.4 Vulnerability analysis 39 9.2.5 Flood risk analysis 40 9.2.6 Holistic Flood risk assessment 41 10 CASE STUDY AYUTTAHAYA, THAILAND 52 10.1 Description of the study area 52 10.1.1 Location, social and economic features 52 10.1.2 Main challenges that affect the case study 53 10.2 Hazard Modelling and Analysis 56 10.2.1 Data availability and sources 56 10.3 Vulnerability Data and Analysis 62 10.3.1 Physical dimension 63 10.3.2 Social dimension 63 10.3.3 Economic dimension 64 10.3.4 Cultural dimension 65 10.3.5 Vulnerability Assessment 65 10.4 Flood Risk Assessment 68 10.4.1 Risk Quantification 69 10.4.2 Risk perception 70 10.4.3 Risk Communication 71 10.5 Assessment of scenarios 73 10.5.1 Urbanization and land use changes in Ayutthaya 74 10.5.2 Flood simulations 75 9 List of figures Figure 2-1. Marbella map and location. ................................................................................23 Figure 2-2. IDF Curves – Sherman per each return period studied. .....................................25 Figure 2-3. Projected storms intensities for 10 and 100 years return period. ........................26 Figure 2-4. Comparison between IDFs obtained through GEV distribution and Sherman method ..........................................................................................................................27 Figure 2-5. DTM and main basins affecting Marbella case study (left). Location of the sensors within the sewer network (right). .......................................................................27 Figure 2-6. Results (event 25/11/2016) for Represa’s channel. Upstream (left) and downstream (right) Huelo’s river junction. ......................................................................28 Figure 2-7. Results (event 25/11/2016) for Represa’s channel. Upstream (left) and downstream (right) Huelo’s river junction. ......................................................................29 Figure 2-8. Results (event 14/12/2016) for Represa’s channel. Upstream (left) and downstream (right) Huelo’s river junction. ......................................................................29 Figure 2-9. Calibration results for Navedul Avenue. Flow depths provided for the model for the event of 25 November 2016 were compared to images recordered during this event. On the right, it is possible to observe the water depth map in the cells arround Navedul Avenue. On the left, in photo from a local newspaper where can be observed water depths just above the kerb. ...........................................................................................30 Figure 2-10. Calibration results for Navedul Avenue. Flow depths provided for the model for the event of 04 December 2016 were compared to images recordered during this event. On the right, it is possible to observe the water depth map in the cells arround Navedul Avenue. On the left, in photo from a local newspaper where can be observed runoff over the roadway and overflow from the sewer network.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • GEO REPORT No. 146
    FACTUAL REPORT ON HONG KONG RAINFALL AND LANDSLIDES IN 2001 GEO REPORT No. 146 T.T.M. Lam GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING OFFICE CIVIL ENGINEERING AND DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT THE GOVERNMENT OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION FACTUAL REPORT ON HONG KONG RAINFALL AND LANDSLIDES IN 2001 GEO REPORT No. 146 T.T.M. Lam This report was originally produced in May 2002 as GEO Special Project Report No. SPR 2/2002 - 2 - © The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region First published, July 2004 Prepared by: Geotechnical Engineering Office, Civil Engineering and Development Department, Civil Engineering and Development Building, 101 Princess Margaret Road, Homantin, Kowloon, Hong Kong. - 3 - PREFACE In keeping with our policy of releasing information which may be of general interest to the geotechnical profession and the public, we make available selected internal reports in a series of publications termed the GEO Report series. The GEO Reports can be downloaded from the website of the Civil Engineering and Development Department (http://www.cedd.gov.hk) on the Internet. Printed copies are also available for some GEO Reports. For printed copies, a charge is made to cover the cost of printing. The Geotechnical Engineering Office also produces documents specifically for publication. These include guidance documents and results of comprehensive reviews. These publications and the printed GEO Reports may be obtained from the Government’s Information Services Department. Information on how to purchase these documents is given on the last page of this report. R.K.S. Chan Head, Geotechnical Engineering Office July 2004 - 4 - FOREWORD This report presents the factual information on rainfall and landslides in Hong Kong in 2001.
    [Show full text]
  • The Predatory Atlantic Red Drum, Sciaenops Ocellatus, Has Invaded the Western Taiwanese Coast in the Indo-West Pacific
    Biol Invasions (2010) 12:1961–1965 DOI 10.1007/s10530-009-9642-x INVASION NOTE The predatory Atlantic red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, has invaded the western Taiwanese coast in the Indo-West Pacific Yun-Chih Liao • Li-Shu Chen • Kwang-Tsao Shao Received: 4 February 2009 / Accepted: 9 November 2009 / Published online: 20 November 2009 Ó The Author(s) 2009. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract The red drums, Sciaenops ocellatus, are Keywords Biological invasion Á Marine predatory marine fish from Atlantic American coast. introduction Á Red drum Á Sciaenops ocellatus Á They were introduced to Taiwan for aquaculture Human release Á Religious release Á Taiwan purpose in 1987 and have been reported in the wild along the southwest coast of Taiwan since 1998. Their current distribution is on the western coast of Introduction Taiwan and the Matsu Islands of Fujian Province where there are sand and mud bottoms. However, the The accelerating rate of marine species invasion and discontinuous populations of Taiwan and Matsu the associated ecological impacts around the world indicated different sources of introduction. The facts have aroused much attention in recent years (Cohen that there are consecutive records of red drums for and Carlton 1998; Ruiz et al. 1997, 2000). The two 7 years including every single month, at multiple mechanisms for biological invasions are natural localities, and the fish’s larger size all point to their population extensions and anthropological introduc- survival in the wild. The mechanisms of their tions (Carlton 1987, 1989). Human factors include introductions are probably the escapes from net cages ballast water transport (Baltz 1991; Carlton 1985; as well as the deliberate releases to improve fisheries Carlton and Geller 1993; Moyle 1991; Wonham et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Maritime Confidence Building Measures Across the Taiwan Strait: Technical Collaboration for Human Security at Sea
    SAND 2003-0753 March 2003 Maritime Confidence Building Measures Across the Taiwan Strait: Technical Collaboration for Human Security at Sea Chyungly Lee, Ph.D. Taipei, Taiwan Cooperative Monitoring Center Occasional Paper/26 Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Maritime Confidence Building Measures Across the Taiwan Strait: Technical Collaboration for Human Security at Sea The Cooperative Monitoring Center (CMC) at Sandia National Laboratories assists political and technical experts from around the world to acquire the technology-based tools they need to assess, design, analyze, and implement nonproliferation, arms control, and other cooperative security measures. As part of its mission, the CMC sponsors research on cooperative security and the role of technology. Reports of that work are provided through the Occasional Papers series. Research is conducted by Sandia staff, international technical experts, and visiting scholars. (The CMC’s Visiting Scholars Program is administered by the Institute for Public Policy at the University of New Mexico.) For additional information on the CMC’s programs, visit the CMC home page on the World Wide Web at <http://www.cmc.sandia.gov> or write to: Cooperative Monitoring Center Sandia National Laboratories Mail Stop 1373 Albuquerque, NM 87185-1373 For specific information on this report contact: John Olsen at the above address. This report was prepared by Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, NM 87185 and Livermore, CA 94550 4 Maritime Confidence Building Measures Across the Taiwan Strait: Technical Collaboration for Human Security at Sea Maritime Confidence Building Measures Across the Taiwan Strait: Technical Collaboration for Human Security at Sea Abstract The concept of confidence building measures (CBMs) has been developed for decades to reduce military tensions and political uncertainties in the flash points of regional security concerns.
    [Show full text]
  • Topics Geo Natural Catastrophes 2006 Analyses, Assessments, Positions Topics Geo 2006
    Knowledge series Knowledge series Topics Geo Natural catastrophes 2006 Analyses, assessments, positions Topics Geo 2006 Topics © 2007 Münchener Rück Munich Re Group Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft Königinstrasse 107 80802 München Germany Order number 302-05217 Contents © 2007 Picture credits Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft Cover: Michael Spranger, Hong Kong Königinstrasse 107 Inside front cover: Reuters, Berlin 2 In focus 80802 München pp. 2/3: Reuters, Berlin Germany p. 9: Reuters, Berlin Tel.: +49(89) 38 91-0 pp.10/11: Jan Pitman/Getty Images 5 Lull in the North Atlantic? Fax: +49 (89) 39 90 56 p. 17: picture-alliance/dpa/dpaweb http://www.munichre.com p. 19: Torsten Blackwood/AFP/Getty Images 10 Catastrophe portraits p. 22 left: www.101box.com Supervisory Board p. 22 right: www.jorgent.com Dr. jur. Hans-Jürgen Schinzler (Chairman), p. 23: Ian Hitchcock/Getty Images 13 Winter 2005–2006 in Europe – An exception? Herbert Bach, Hans-Georg Appel, p. 25: Joel Nito/AFP/Getty Images 18 Stormy times down under Holger Emmert, Ulrich Hartmann, p. 29: Michael Spranger, Hong Kong Dr. rer. nat. Rainer Janßen, p. 30 left, right: Michael Spranger, Hong Kong 24 2006 typhoon season in the Northwest Pacific Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Henning Kagermann, p. 33: Reuters, Berlin 28 The Yogyakarta earthquake Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Drs. h. c. mult. Hubert Markl, p. 35 top, bottom: Reuters, Berlin 32 Tsunami strikes Java Wolfgang Mayrhuber, Kerstin Michl, pp. 36/37: Reuters, Berlin Cover: Prof. Karel Van Miert, Ingrid Müller, p. 41: Thomas Loster, Munich In the early hours of 27 May 2006, the densely Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • World Meteorological Organization Mannava V. K. Sivakumar Raymond P. Motha Haripada P. Das Natural Disasters and Extreme Events
    World Meteorological Organization Mannava V.K. Sivakumar Raymond P. Motha Haripada P. Das Natural Disasters and Extreme Events in Agriculture Impacts and Mitigation Mannava V.K. Sivakumar Raymond P. Motha Haripada P. Das (Editors) Natural Disasters and Extreme Events in Agriculture Impacts and Mitigation With 93 Figures and 23 Tables 123 Dr. Mannava V.K. Sivakumar Agricultural Meteorology Division World Meteorological Organization 7bis,AvenuedelaPaix 1211 Geneva 2 Switzerland Dr. Raymond P. Motha USDA/OCE/WAOB 1400 Independence Ave. SW Room 4441, South Building Washington DC 20250 USA Dr. Haripada P. Das Meteorological Office Division of Agricultural Meteorology Shivajinagar Pune 411005 India Library of Congress Control Number: 2005921509 ISBN-10 3-540-22490-4 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN-13 978-3-540-22490-7 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of this material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitations, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005 Printed in The Netherlands The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
    [Show full text]
  • Cage Culture
    ISSN 0429-9345 FAO FISHERIES TECHNICAL PAPER 498 Cage aquaculture Regional reviews and global overview $PWFSQIPUP -BSHFTBMNPODBHFTJOUIF3FMPODBWJ'KPSEJOTPVUIFSO$IJMF%4PUP'"0 FAO FISHERIES Cage aquaculture TECHNICAL Regional reviews and global overview PAPER 498 Edited by Matthias Halwart Fishery Resources Officer (Aquaculture) Aquaculture Management and Conservation Service FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Rome, Italy Doris Soto Senior Fishery Resources Officer (Aquatic Resource Management) Aquaculture Management and Conservation Service FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Rome, Italy and J. Richard Arthur FAO Consultant Barriere British Columbia, Canada FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2007 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of FAO. ISBN 978-92-5-105801-5 All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders.
    [Show full text]
  • Modeling Flood Inundation Induced by River Flow and Storm Surges Over a River Basin
    Water 2014, 6, 3182-3199; doi:10.3390/w6103182 OPEN ACCESS water ISSN 2073-4441 www.mdpi.com/journal/water Article Modeling Flood Inundation Induced by River Flow and Storm Surges over a River Basin Wei-Bo Chen 1 and Wen-Cheng Liu 2,3,* 1 National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction, New Taipei City 23143, Taiwan; E-Mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Civil and Disaster Prevention Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 36003, Taiwan 3 National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan Typhoon and Flood Research Institute, Taipei 10093, Taiwan * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +886-37-382-357; Fax: +886-37-382-367. External Editor: Ataur Rahman Received: 11 August 2014; in revised form: 19 September 2014 / Accepted: 14 October 2014 / Published: 21 October 2014 Abstract: Low-lying coastal regions and their populations are at risk during storm surge events and high freshwater discharges from upriver. An integrated storm surge and flood inundation modeling system was used to simulate storm surge and inundation in the Tsengwen River basin and the adjacent coastal area in southern Taiwan. A three-dimensional hydrodynamic model with an unstructured grid was used, which was driven by the tidal elevation at the open boundaries and freshwater discharge at the upriver boundary. The model was validated against the observed water levels for three typhoon events. The simulation results for the model were in reasonable agreement with the observational data. The model was then applied to investigate the effects of a storm surge, freshwater discharge, and a storm surge combined with freshwater discharge during an extreme typhoon event.
    [Show full text]
  • Country Report(China).Pdf
    Country Report (2005) For the 38th Session of the Typhoon Committee ESCAP/WMO Hanoi , Vietnam 14 - 19 November 2005 The People’s Republic of China I. Overview of Meteorological and Hydrological Conditions in 2005 1. Meteorological Assessment From October 2004 to October 10 2005, altogether 27 tropical cyclones (including tropical storms, severe tropical storms and typhoons) were formed over the Northwest Pacific and the South China Sea. The total number was basically equivalent to the average (27.49) in 1951-2004. Out of 27, 16 TCs were developed into typhoons, which accounts for 59.26% of the total. In other words, the total typhoon number was slightly less than normal average (17.19 accounting for 62.53%). During the same period, 2 TCs were developed over the waters around the Hainan Province, which were 4.92 less than the multiple-year average. During this period, 10 tropical cyclones made their landfalls over China and they were Typhoon Nock-ten (0424), Typhoon Nanmadol (0427), Typhoon Haitang (0505), severe Tropical Storm Washi (0508), Typhoon Matsa (0509), severe Tropical Storm Sanvu (0510), Typhoon Talim (0513), Typhoon Khanun (0515), Typhoon Damrey (0518) and Typhoon Longwang (0519). The total number was noticeably more than the normal average number (about 7), which accounted for 37.04% of the total in comparison with the average percentage (25.46%). Moreover, in the same period there were another 4 TCs that had affected the coastal waters of China, despite of the fact they did not land over China. These TCs were Typhoon Muiha (0425), Tropical Storm Merbok (0426), Typhoon Nabi (0514) and Tropical Storm Vicente (0516).
    [Show full text]
  • A Chronology of Notable Weather Events by Douglas V. Hoyt
    A Chronology of Notable Weather Events by Douglas V. Hoyt Edition of 8/4/2011 243 A. D. An inundation of the sea in Lincolnshire laid under water many thousands of acres (Camden). 353 Flood in Cheshire in which 3000 people died along with thousands of cattle (Hayden). 402 Euxine Sea frozen over for 20 days (Hayden) 500 The Vandals from Poland held Western Africa, the Diocese of Africa, Visigoth (Western Goth) from Scandia held Spain, Ostrogoth (Eastern Goth) from Scandia held Italy, Germanic-Franks from Scandia held Gaul, Burgundians held Rhone river, and Celts, Germanic-Anglo-Saxon held the diocese of England. The massive migration of the Mongols, the Huns, Goth, Slav-Bulgars, and Avars westward is because of adverse weather conditions driving them from their lands . The Germanic-Danes inhabited the Danish Islands, Schonen, and later Jutland. St. Brendan (521-527) in his voyage to the northwest suggests the Celts of Ireland discovered America about this time. The Polynesian reached Hawaii and established agricultural settlements. These people had traveled 2500 miles from Island to Island. It is inconceivable that these peoples didn't reach America in the past 500 years. The Polynesians colonized Hawaii, Easter Island, and Madagascar by 500 A.D. 507 Men from Tsinngan, China report being blown across the Great Sea East to a people who speak a strange language. 508 In England, the rivers were frozen for more than two months (including Thames?). Possible severe winter. Rivers frozen for two months. Years also quoted as 507 or 509. 514 St. Brendan (484-577) of Ireland explored the area discovering the Hebrides, Orkney, Faeroe Islands and Iceland, starting about this time.
    [Show full text]
  • Performance of Horizontal Drains
    FACTUAL REPORT ON HONG KONG RAINFALL AND LANDSLIDES IN 2001 GEO REPORT No. 146 T.T.M. Lam GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING OFFICE CIVIL ENGINEERING AND DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT THE GOVERNMENT OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION FACTUAL REPORT ON HONG KONG RAINFALL AND LANDSLIDES IN 2001 GEO REPORT No. 146 T.T.M. Lam This report was originally produced in May 2002 as GEO Special Project Report No. SPR 2/2002 - 2 - © The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region First published, July 2004 Prepared by: Geotechnical Engineering Office, Civil Engineering and Development Department, Civil Engineering and Development Building, 101 Princess Margaret Road, Homantin, Kowloon, Hong Kong. - 3 - PREFACE In keeping with our policy of releasing information which may be of general interest to the geotechnical profession and the public, we make available selected internal reports in a series of publications termed the GEO Report series. The GEO Reports can be downloaded from the website of the Civil Engineering and Development Department (http://www.cedd.gov.hk) on the Internet. Printed copies are also available for some GEO Reports. For printed copies, a charge is made to cover the cost of printing. The Geotechnical Engineering Office also produces documents specifically for publication. These include guidance documents and results of comprehensive reviews. These publications and the printed GEO Reports may be obtained from the Government’s Information Services Department. Information on how to purchase these documents is given on the last page of this report. R.K.S. Chan Head, Geotechnical Engineering Office July 2004 - 4 - FOREWORD This report presents the factual information on rainfall and landslides in Hong Kong in 2001.
    [Show full text]
  • Systematic List, This Issue Has Been Prepared by Three Editors
    HONG KONGBIRDREPORT2001-02 The Hong Kong Bird Report ଉཽᨠ຺ᄎ 欨㾾湴槭⧀◙ 2001-02 The map reproduced with permission of the Director of Lands. © The Government of Hong Kong SAR. Licence No. 37/2006 ᒂ།࢟௨ቒϟĂއ׺Ă༄ϴއᜌᚴࡷ೫५੢ڎϴ࿧ ᜌ५௨ሡ༴!4803117ڎ Published in 2007 by the The Hong Kong Bird Watching Society Limited GPO Box 12460 Hong Kong (Approved Charitable Institution of Public Character) Editors: Michael Turnbull, Geoff J. Carey and Helen Lockey Front Cover: Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus દᏯᧉ Nam Sang Wai, Hong Kong, 15 January 2006 Michelle Kong and Peter Wong The Hong Kong Bird Watching Society Committees and Officers 2005-06 C. Y. Lam سᄎ९ President ࣥ၌૎٣ C. Y. Lam سᇀࠃᄎ Board of Directors ࣥ၌૎٣ ്௯ᔕ໑Փ Ho Fai Cheung Michael Kilburn سʳ ඕ٣ܦ ܦలত໑Փ C. N. Ng Henry Lui سᐚ㠬٣ܨ ࡌཕߜ՛ࡦ Ada Chow ޕᐝఇ՛ࡦ Ronley Lee ച۩ࡡ୉ᄎ Executive Committee ׌ஂ Chairman ്௯ᔕ໑Փ Ho Fai Cheung లত໑Փ C. N. Ngܦ ೫׌ஂ Vice-chairman Michael Kilburn سʳ ඕ٣ܦ ೫׌ஂ Vice-chairman Henry Lui سᐚ㠬٣ܨ ఽ஼ Hon. Secretary ׹஄ Hon. Treasurer ࡌཕߜ՛ࡦ Ada Chow ધᙕ׌ٚ Hon. Recorder Richard W. Lewthwaite ࡡ୉ Committee members ޕᐝఇ՛ࡦ Ronley Lee Forrest Fong س೜ဎ٣ֱ Apache Lau س٣اᏥ೛ Alan Chan س٣᧵ຫᐜ ೴ঊ౼՛ࡦ Joanne Au ໑Փ Llewellyn Youngڣᄘሁ ுᑇஃ Auditor ઺՗ॣᄎૠஃࠃ೭ࢬ John Wu and Co. ધᙕࡡ୉ᄎ Records Committee Geoff J. Carey س٣۩׌ஂ Chairman ᇸव ࡡ୉ Committee member Richard W. Lewthwaite Paul J. Leader سႁᐚ٣ܓ ೛֮໑Փ Michael R. Levenܓ ്௯ᔕ໑Փ Ho Fai Cheung Yu Yat Tung سࣟ٣ֲ܇ Editor’s Preface In addition to the efforts of the authors of individual papers and contributors to the Systematic List, this issue has been prepared by three editors.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Summary of Global Tropical Cyclone Season 2001
    ANNUAL SUMMARY OF GLOBAL TROPICAL CYCLONE SEASON 2001 WMO/TD-No. 1132 Report No. TCP - 48 SECRETARIAT OF THE WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION GENEVA - SWITZERLAND © World Meteorological Organization 2002 N O T E The designations employed and the presentation of material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. CONTENTS PART A Page Introduction 1 Monitoring, Forecasting and Warning of Tropical Cyclones 4 Tropical Cyclone RSMCs 7 RSMC Honolulu – Hurricane Center RSMC La Réunion - Tropical Cyclone Centre RSMC Miami - Hurricane Center/USA National Hurricane Center RSMC Nadi - Tropical Cyclone Centre RSMC - tropical cyclones New Delhi RSMC Tokyo - Typhoon Center Tropical Cyclone Warning Centres with regional responsibility 11 PART B ANNUAL TROPICAL CYCLONE SUMMARIES (YEAR 2001) I. RSMC Honolulu - Hurricane Center and RSMC Miami - Hurricane Center II. RSMC La Réunion - Tropical Cyclone Centre III. RSMC Miami - Hurricane Center/USA National Hurricane Center IV. RSMC Nadi - Tropical Cyclone Centre, TCWC - Brisbane and TCWC - Wellington V. RSMC - tropical cyclones New Delhi VI. RSMC Tokyo - Typhoon Center VII. TCWC - Darwin, TCWC - Perth and TCWC - Brisbane INTRODUCTION The production of an annual summary of tropical cyclone seasons of all tropical cyclone basins to be published in the Tropical Cyclone Programme Basins was first considered during the 1996 Second TC RSMCs Technical Coordination Meeting (Miami, Florida, USA, 13 to 19 November 1996). The 1999 Third TC RSMCs Technical Coordination Meeting agreed on the fundamental contents of each report as suggested by the rapporteur Mr Alan Radford (UK).
    [Show full text]