CHECK-LIST : DEVISES INTERNATIONALES Carnet De Voyages Chris2neux

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

CHECK-LIST : DEVISES INTERNATIONALES Carnet De Voyages Chris2neux CHECK-LIST : DEVISES INTERNATIONALES Carnet de Voyages Chris2neuX : http://chri2neux.free.fr Autres liens sur la page « Check-List » : http://chri2neux.free.fr/w_check_list.html Sous Sous PAYS Unités Multiples PAYS Unités Multiples Afghanistan afghani pul Lituanie litas centas Afrique du Sud rand cent Luxembourg euro centime Albanie lek qindar Macao pataca avo Algérie dinar centime Macedoine denar deni Allemagne euro centime Madagascar franc malgache centime Angola kwanza lwei Malaisie ringgit sen Arabie Saoudite riyal halala Malawi kwacha tambala Argentine peso centavo Maldives rufiyaa laari Arménie dram luma Mali franc centime Australie dollar cent Malte lira cent Azerbaidjan manat azéri kepik Maroc dirham centime Bahamas dollar cent Mauritanie ouguiya khoum Bahrein dinar fils Mexique nuevo peso centavo Bangladesh taka paisha Micronésie dollar cent Barbade dollar cent Moldavie leu Belgique euro centime Mozambique metical centavo Bélize dollar cent Myanmar kyat pyas Bénin franc centime Namibie dollar cent Bermudes dollar cent Nepal roupie paise Bielorussie ruble kopek Nicaragua cordoba centavo Bhoutan ngultrum chetrum Niger franc centime Bolivie boliviano centavo Nigéria naira kobo Bosnie-Herzégovine convertible mark fennig Norvège couronne øre Botswana pula thebe Nouvelle Zélande dollar cent Brésil real centavo Oman rial baiza Brunei ringgit sen Ouganda shilling cent Bulgarie leva stotinka Pakistan roupie paisa Burkina Faso franc centime Panama balboa centesimo Burundi franc centime Papouasie N. Guinée kina toea Cambodge new riel sen Paraguay guarani centimo Cameroun franc centime Pays Bas euro centime Canada dollar cent Pérou nuevo sol centimo Cap Vert escudo centavo Philippines peso centavo Chili peso centavo Pologne zloty grosz Chine yuan renminbi fen Porto Rico dollar US cent Chypre livre chypriote cent Portugal euro centime Colombie peso centavo Qatar rial dirham Comores franc centime Rép Centre Africaine franc centime Congo franc centime Rép. Dominicaine peso centavo Congo R.D franc centime République Tchèque couronne tchèque halér Corée du Nord won chon Roumanie leu bani Corée du Sud won chon Royaume Uni livre stirling penny Costa Rica colon centimo Russie rouble kopeck Côte d’Ivoire franc centime Rwanda franc centime Croatie kuna lipa Salvador (le) colon centavo 1 Cuba peso centavo Sénégal franc centime Danemark krone øre Serbie dinar para Dominique dollar cent Seychelles roupie cent Egype livre égyptienne piastre Sierra Leone leone cent Emirats Arabes U dirham fils Singapour dollar cent Equateur Dollar US cent Slovaquie couronne halierov Erythrée nakfa centime Slovénie tolar stotinov Espagne euro centime Somalie shilling centesimi Estonie kroon senti Soudan dinar piastres Etats Unis dollar cent Sri Lanka roupie cent Ethiopie birr centime Suède couronne öre Fidji dollar cent Suisse franc suisse centime Finlande euro centime Suriname guilder cent France euro centime Swaziland lilangeni cent Gabon franc centime Syrie livre piastre Gambie dalasi butut Taiwan new dollar cent Georgie lari tetri Tajikistan somoni dirams Ghana nouveau cedi pesewa Tanzanie shilling cent Grèce euro centime Tchad franc centime Grenade dollar cent Thailande baht sastangs Guatemala quetzal centavo Togo franc centime Guinée syli centime Tunisie dinar millime Guinée Equator Franc centime Turkmenistan manat tenga Guinée-Bissau franc centime Turks & Caicos dollar US cent Guyana dollar cent Turquie lire turque kurus Haiti gourde centime Ukraine Hryvnia kopiykas Honduras lempira centavo Uruguay peso centesimo Hong Kong dollar cent Uzbekistan som tiyin Hongrie euro centime Vanuatu vatu centime Maurice roupie cent Vénézuela bolivar centimo Inde roupie paise Vietnam new dong xu Indonésie rupiah sen Yemen rial fils Iran rial toman Zambie kwacha ngwee Iraq dinar fils Zimbabwe dollar cent Irlande euro centime Islande króna aurar Israël nouveau sheqelel agora Italie euro centime Jamaïque dollar cent Japon yen sen Jordanie dinar fils Kazakhstan tenge tiyn Kenya shilling cent Kirghizistan som tyiyn Koweit dinar fils Laos new kip Lettonie lats santims Lesotho loti sente Liban livre Libéria dollar cent Libye dinar dirham CHECK-LIST DU VOYAGEUR : Copyright Carnet de voyages Chris2neuX : http://chri2neux.free.fr 2 .
Recommended publications
  • Distinctive Coins |
    We suggest fax or e-mail orders. Please call and reserve the coins, and then TERMS OF SALE mail or fax us the written confirmation. DISTINCTIVE COINS 1. No discounts or approvals. We need your signature of approval on all 2. Postage: charge sales. 422 W. 75th St., a. U.S. insured mail $5.00. 4. Returns – for any reason – within b. Overseas registered $20.00. 21 days. Downers Grove, IL 60516 5. Minors need written parental consent. ALL INTERNATIONAL SHIPMENTS 6. Lay Aways – can be easily arranged. Phone: 630-968-7700 • Fax: 630-968-7780 ARE AT BUYER’S RISK! OTHER Give us the terms. Hours: Monday - Friday 9:30-5:00 CST; Saturday 9:30-3:00 INSURED SERVICES ARE AVAILABLE. 7. Overseas – Pro Forma invoice will be c. Others such as U.P.S. or FedEx mailed or faxed. e-mail: [email protected] need street address. 8. Most items are one-of-a-kind and are 3. WE ACCEPT VISA, MASTERCARD & subject to prior sale. Distinctive Coins is Visit our Web site: distinctivecoins.com PAYPAL! not liable for cataloging errors. PLATINUM & GOLD BUYERS: NO PAYPAL & NO CREDIT CARDS FOR GOLD OR PLATINUM COINS. PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE (UP/DOWN) BASED ON CURRENT GOLD PRICES. THIS LIST SUPERSEDES ALL PRIOR LISTS! TO ORDER PLEASE CALL 630-968-7700. THANK YOU. **** ANCIENT COINS OF THE WORLD **** AUSTRIA 1891A 5 FRANCOS K-12 NGC-AU DETAILS CLEANED INDIA, MEWAR GREECE-CHIOS 1908 5 CORONA K-2809 NGC-MS63 60TH .............225 1 YR TYPE PLEASANT TONE .................................380 1928 RUPEE Y-22.2 NGC-MS64 THICK ...................110 (1421-36) DUCAT NGC-MS61
    [Show full text]
  • An Important Collection of French Coins
    ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ AN IMPORTANT COLLECTION OF FRENCH COINS Essais and Piedforts 2001 Republic, Copper Essai Monneron Monnaie de Confiance 2-Sols, Year 1, 1792, by Dupré, Hercules kneeling breaking royal sceptre, owl behind, rev pyramid, plain edge, 15.40g, 32mm (as VG 342, but plain edge; Maz 332a; Reynaud 8a). Extremely fine. £150-200 2002 Louis Philippe (1830-1848), Bronze Essai 3-Centimes and 2-Centimes, undated (1831-1842), by Domard, first with
    [Show full text]
  • New Monetary and Banking Measures in Paraguay
    January 1944 NEW MONETARY AND BANKING MEASURES IN PARAGUAY On October 5, 1943 the Republic of Paraguay State Department, for advisers in related fields; adopted a new law which effects several im- and Mr. E. C. Johnson of the Farm Credit portant changes in the Paraguayan monetary Administration, Mr. Ormond E. Loomis of the system. These changes include the designation Federal Home Loan Bank Administration, and of a new unit, the guarani, which is equivalent. Mr. George R. Taylor of the Office of Price to 100 of the old paper pesos, or 31.5 United Administration were designated, respectively, States cents; the establishment of the new unit by their organizations as experts in agricultural on a "composite exchange standard"; and credit, mortgage credit, and price control. allocation to the central bank of control over The representatives of the Board were in the entire monetary issue, including coin as Asunci6n, the capital of Paraguay, during well as notes. September and October, 1943. At the invita- The basic monetary law which the new meas- tion of the Banco de la Republica del Paraguay, ure supersedes had not been revised since its the Banco de la Republica of Colombia gener- enactment in 1885 and the Banco de la Republica ously lent the services of one of its officers, Mr. del Paraguay, a Government institution which Enrique Davila, to cooperate with the repre- had its origin in a previous "Oficina de Cam- sentatives of the Board and to assist in setting bios/' has been hampered in performing central up new operating procedures in accordance with banking functions by the absence of powers banking practice in Latin America.
    [Show full text]
  • Swiss Money Secrets
    Swiss Money Secrets Robert E. Bauman JD Jamie Vrijhof-Droese Banyan Hill Publishing P.O. Box 8378 Delray Beach, FL 33482 Tel.: 866-584-4096 Email: http://banyanhill.com/contact-us Website: http://banyanhill.com ISBN: 978-0-578-40809-5 Copyright (c) 2018 Sovereign Offshore Services LLC. All international and domestic rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording or by any information storage or retrieval system without the written permission of the publisher, Banyan Hill Publishing. Protected by U.S. copyright laws, 17 U.S.C. 101 et seq., 18 U.S.C. 2319; Violations punishable by up to five year’s imprisonment and/ or $250,000 in fines. Notice: this publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold and distributed with the understanding that the authors, publisher and seller are not engaged in rendering legal, accounting or other professional advice or services. If legal or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional adviser should be sought. The information and recommendations contained in this brochure have been compiled from sources considered reliable. Employees, officers and directors of Banyan Hill do not receive fees or commissions for any recommendations of services or products in this publication. Investment and other recommendations carry inherent risks. As no investment recommendation can be guaranteed, Banyan Hill takes no responsibility for any loss or inconvenience if one chooses to accept them.
    [Show full text]
  • Juro SEC Registrations and Listings Sheets-Juro Series
    EXHIBIT “B” Table of All Series at the time of the Making of the Juro Organization Minimum # of NAV per Unit Series Asset per Basket using USD NAV per Juro Underlying Currency / Underlying Underlying Fractional # of Fractional Series # Symbol / for Issuance Exchange Rate on Basket on Quotation / Valuation Index / Peg Quotation of NAV Commodity / Asset Class Symbol ISO Code Unit Units of Asset Series ID (only issued in 09/05/19 09/05/2019 whole units) (1 Unit in USD) 1 United States Dollar $ USD §$ Cent 100 10 $1.0000 $10.0000 1 to 1 with USD in USD as per Index / Peg CME FX Futures or if no CME in USD as per Index / Peg to 2 decimal places (3rd and 2 Euro € EUR §€ Cent 100 10 $1.0970 $10.9700 Quotation then Cash FX fourth place amounts are always rounded down) CME FX Futures or if no CME in USD as per Index / Peg to 2 decimal places (3rd and 3 British Pounds Sterling £ GBP §£ Penny 100 10 $1.2099 $12.0990 Quotation then Cash FX fourth place amounts are always rounded down) CME FX Futures or if no CME in USD as per Index / Peg to 2 decimal places (3rd and 4 Swiss Franc Fr. CHF §Fr. Centime 100 10 $1.0132 $10.1320 Quotation then Cash FX fourth place amounts are always rounded down) CME FX Futures or if no CME in USD as per Index / Peg to 2 decimal places (3rd and 5 Japanese Yen ¥ JPY §¥ Sen 100 1,000 $0.0094 $9.4000 Quotation then Cash FX fourth place amounts are always rounded down) CME FX Futures or if no CME in USD as per Index / Peg to 2 decimal places (3rd and Afghan Afghani ؋ AFN §AFN Pul 100 1,000 $0.0128 $12.8000 6 Quotation then
    [Show full text]
  • Philatelic Currencies
    Philatelic Currencies The 228 currencies hidden in this puzzle all appear on stamps of the past 175+ years R S K Y A Q E A M H C A R D A L L A E B S A H A K R O N E L U I L C P F U Y U O G A V A N O R K I Y U A N T P Z Y I P W P A D R E Z U E R K U E N O I S O R G U R T T I B I S A L E E A T N S P I D T I A O G A K K R A M E U R U O Y Z L O T Y E K I P E Q O U E Z R A U I D E Y M T A K S L T T I B R R U I N H S T B K K H O A T L U F I L S E C L U M A K U T A V G G E O D A Z U R C Y N L T A U M A A E H C R E U G K R P H E S R A L O D Y E A E I R R G T I R N H R I O T L O M L P A T B E G A A V A D C N D T U H P S T T D E T A I R E H E E L E B D N Y N R C L G O H O M I L E S I M O M S C T M N K N E I Y R A I R A L I A I N O M O S T U M A G L I A M N A E C R R Z U A R T V R U N S N A Z I I N A H S H I L L I N G H E U T L O P U A I S G G S I A M I S E L I M L L N A L P P S R P E H G M F S L P A O O G O H O N C R U P I A J N R I N G G I T G T I I N O O R K R R W E G T K H U K R N W F E O M E I A D N K L Y T B U G E G O G R S F Y L I C A G R E I F G A L H Y K P W A L N L B N N A T O A T A L P L A E R K S L P A R N N D E S A K Y E Y P A K N I T O T S I S L N N O Q E L C N K O E S B U C A P C Z T Y A C I N A B I A E I D I S A P E C N N N O L O C H T N T A I E F L A M E D A T N N A H C P M R G A A M D O B R A N A S P L P C I R S E N B D T G R A H E W O F R O L E K W E L E L O T I A V G I O V A T N E C E A E C E P F Y U U K S I D M R K C R Q I N T A R A L L O D C E T N A B M R N E F M G E I P V I S R L S K K L I A A O D L Z N T E M O A A F O R I
    [Show full text]
  • Panama Is the Oldest Latin American Country to Adopt the U.S. Dollar As
    TOPIC Currencies are the monetary systems used in the different countries. There are 39 currencies used in America. In Panama, the currency is the Balboa. The rate of exchange Panama is the x for the balboa has always been tied to the US dollar. x oldest Latin Currencies and monetary units allows us to pay for goods American and services. country to adopt the U.S. OBJECTIVES: Dollar as legal 1. To distinguish currencies from different countries. tender? 2. To identify the different monetary units used in our country TOPIC EXPLANATION READ CAREFULLY AND PRACTICE CURRENCIES IN AMERICA COUNTRY CURRENCY United States Dollar Canada Canadian dollar Mexico Mexican peso Colombia Colombian peso Costa Rica Costa Rican colon Brazil Brazilian real Chile Chilean peso Cuba Cuban peso Peru Nuevo Sol VOCABULARY CURRENCY Moneda de un país DIME 10 centavos HOW MUCH Cuánto? QUARTER 25 centavos PRICES Precios DOLLAR Dólar CENT / PENNY Centavo MONETARY SYSTEMS Sistema monetario NICKEL 5 centavos LEGAL TENDER Moneda de curso legal COIN Moneda BILL Billete MONETARY UNITS 1 cent / 1 penny 1 dollar 1 nickel / 5 cents 1 dime / 10 cents 5 dollars 1 quarter / 25 cents 50 cents / a half dollar 10 dollars 1 balboa 20 dollars READING COMPREHENSION READ CAREFULLY My friend Linda is in Costa Rica. She says that she can´t use her money there because in Costa Rica they use a different currency. She has to go to a bank and change her dollars for the Costa Rican colones to pay for all the services and to buy souvenirs. It is not easy to be in another country when you don´t know the currency and its equivalence with your currency.
    [Show full text]
  • General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
    RESTRICTED GENERAL AGREEMENT C/RM/S/56 3 January 1995 ON TARIFFS AND TRADE Limited Distribution (95-0002) COUNCIL In pursuance of the CONTRACTING PARTIES' Decision of 12 April 1989 concerning the Trade Policy Review Mechanism (BISD 36S/403), the Secretariat submits herewith its report on the Republic of Cameroon. The report is drawn up by the Secretariat on its own responsibility. It is based on the information available to the Secretariat and that provided by the Republic ofCameroon. As required by the Decision, in preparing its report the Secretariat has sought clarification from the Republic of Cameroon on its trade policies and practices. Document C/RM/G/56 contains the report submitted by the Government of Cameroon. NOTE FOR ALL DELEGATIONS Until further notice, this document is subject to a press embargo. Republic of Cameroon C/RM/S/56 Page iii CONTENTS Page SUMMARY OBSERVATIONS ix (1) Cameroon in World Trade ix (2) Trade Policy Framework x (3) Trade Policy Features and Trends xi (i) Recent evolution xi (ii) Type and incidence of trade policy instruments xi (iii) Temporary measures xii (iv) Sectoral policy patterns xii (4) Trade Policies and Trading Partners xiii THE ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT (1) Major Features of Cameroon's Economy 2 (2) Economic Developments to the mid-1980s Crisis 4 (3) Economic Developments since 1986 6 (4) Trade Performance 9 (i) Regional pattern of trade 9 (ii) Commodity pattern of trade 11 (5) Outlook 13 ANNEX I: Foreign Exchange Régime 14 II. TRADE POLICY REGIME: FRAMEWORK AND OBJECTIVES 16 (1) General Framework 16 (2) Structure of Trade Policy Formulation 16 (i) Executive and legislative branches of Government 16 (ii) Advisory bodies 17 (iii) Review bodies 17 C/RM/S/56 Trade Policy Review Mechanism Page iv (3) Trade Policy Objectives 18 (i) General trade policy objectives 18 (ii) Cameroon in the Uruguay Round 18 (4) Trade Laws and Regulations 20 (5) Trade Agreements and Arrangements 22 (i) Multilateral agreements 22 (ii) Regional agreements 22 (iii) Bilateral agreements 24 (iv) Other agreements or arrangements 24 IlI.
    [Show full text]
  • S.No State Or Territory Currency Name Currency Symbol ISO Code
    S.No State or territory Currency Name Currency Symbol ISO code Fractional unit Abkhazian apsar none none none 1 Abkhazia Russian ruble RUB Kopek Afghanistan Afghan afghani ؋ AFN Pul 2 3 Akrotiri and Dhekelia Euro € EUR Cent 4 Albania Albanian lek L ALL Qindarkë Alderney pound £ none Penny 5 Alderney British pound £ GBP Penny Guernsey pound £ GGP Penny DZD Santeem ﺩ.ﺝ Algeria Algerian dinar 6 7 Andorra Euro € EUR Cent 8 Angola Angolan kwanza Kz AOA Cêntimo 9 Anguilla East Caribbean dollar $ XCD Cent 10 Antigua and Barbuda East Caribbean dollar $ XCD Cent 11 Argentina Argentine peso $ ARS Centavo 12 Armenia Armenian dram AMD Luma 13 Aruba Aruban florin ƒ AWG Cent Ascension pound £ none Penny 14 Ascension Island Saint Helena pound £ SHP Penny 15 Australia Australian dollar $ AUD Cent 16 Austria Euro € EUR Cent 17 Azerbaijan Azerbaijani manat AZN Qəpik 18 Bahamas, The Bahamian dollar $ BSD Cent BHD Fils ﺩ.ﺏ. Bahrain Bahraini dinar 19 20 Bangladesh Bangladeshi taka ৳ BDT Paisa 21 Barbados Barbadian dollar $ BBD Cent 22 Belarus Belarusian ruble Br BYR Kapyeyka 23 Belgium Euro € EUR Cent 24 Belize Belize dollar $ BZD Cent 25 Benin West African CFA franc Fr XOF Centime 26 Bermuda Bermudian dollar $ BMD Cent Bhutanese ngultrum Nu. BTN Chetrum 27 Bhutan Indian rupee ₹ INR Paisa 28 Bolivia Bolivian boliviano Bs. BOB Centavo 29 Bonaire United States dollar $ USD Cent 30 Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark KM or КМ BAM Fening 31 Botswana Botswana pula P BWP Thebe 32 Brazil Brazilian real R$ BRL Centavo 33 British Indian Ocean
    [Show full text]
  • Victor Schoelcher's Views on Race and Slavery
    This dissertation has been 65-13,290 microfilmed exactly as received W E L B O R N , Jr., Max, 1928- VICTOR SCHOELCHER'S VIEWS ON RACE AND SLAVERY. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1965 History, mo d e m University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan VICTOR SCHOELCHER'S VIEWS ON RACE AND SLAVERY DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University Max Welbom, Jr., B.A., M.A. *♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ The Ohio State University 1965 Approved by Adviser Department of History ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to acknowledge the assistance rendered by the staffs of the following libraries: the RLbliotheque Nationale, BLbliotheque d'Outre-Mer and the Archives du Ministere des Colonies in Paris J The Ohio State University, Miami University, University of Cincinnati, Wilberforce College, and Cleveland Public Libraries in the United States. I should also acknowledge the valuable help offered me in Paris during the research phase of this dissertation by Professor Aaron Noland of the City College of New York, and by Miss Mary Storer, an American resident in Paris. Above all, I am indebted to tty adviser, Professor Robert H. Bremner of The Ohio State University, whose services in connection with this dissertation were of inestimable value. ii VITA October 12, I928 B o m - New York, New York 195 1............ B.A., Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 1952 ••••••• M.A., University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania I 9 5 7 . I 9 5 9 ........ Graduate Assistant, Department of History, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1959-1961.......
    [Show full text]
  • The Monetary Convention of the 6Th of November 1885, Agreed Upon by the Delegates of the Latin Monetary Union
    Volume II The Heyday of the Gold Standard, 1820-1930 1885 November 6 The Monetary Convention of the 6th of November 1885, agreed upon by the delegates of the Latin Monetary Union. At the urging of the Swiss government, France, Italy, Greece and Switzerland created a monetary union with interchangeable gold and silver currencies. The union had been in incipient form since 1865. Spain, Bulgaria, Romania, and Serbia all adhered to the Union while never officially joining. also allowed the franc to circulate. The role of silver decreased within the system an it effectively became a monometallic system within a few years. The system was suspended during the First World War and eventually ceased to function in 1926. ——— ARTICLE I. France, Greece, Italy, and Switzerland remain constituted a union in respect to the fineness, weight, diameter, and currency of their specie coined of gold and of silver. ARTICLE II. The types of gold coins bearing the impress of the high contracting parties are those of the 100-franc, 50-franc, 20-franc, 10-franc, and 5-franc pieces, fixed in respect to fineness, weight, tolerance and diameter as follows: Fineness. Weight. Denomination Legal Tolerance Legal Tolerance Diameter. s. standard. above and standard. above and below. below. Thousandths. Thousandths. Grams. Thousandths. Millimeters. Gold: 100 francs 32,258.06 1 35 50 francs 16,129.03 28 20 francs 900 1 6,451.61 2 21 10 francs 3,225.80 19 5 francs 1,612.90 3 17 [Note: In the column for ‘Diameter’, the original mistakenly reads ‘Thousandths’ instead of ‘Millimeters’, but the error has been corrected in this transcription.] 60 Volume II The Heyday of the Gold Standard, 1820-1930 The contracting Governments shall receive, without distinction, at their public treasuries, gold pieces coined in accordance with the foregoing conditions by either of the four states; they may, however, reject coins reduced in weight by abrasion one-half of one per cent.
    [Show full text]
  • FRENCH GOLD in WWI French Replacement of Gold Coins by Paper Money During WWI by Tony James In, People Look for Security
    FRENCH GOLD IN WWI French replacement of gold coins by paper money during WWI by Tony James in, people look for security. The search for safe investments becomes all con- suming and for thousands of years, gold has been a popular haven. Natu- rally this search for a safe investment also extends to governments and in 1914 the French government was no exception. Before the First World War comm- enced, the Bank of France had printed notes for the equivalent of 1.5 billion French francs to cover initial war expen- ses and also increased its gold reserves. Another law rendered the currency notes of the Bank of France inconvert- ible, to prevent the stampede by depos- itors to their banks and claiming the gold that backed their banknotes that were issued by the Bank of France. Mademoiselle Marguerite Thibary had managed to acquire some 30 francs in gold coins by early July 1915 and she felt it was her patriotic duty to take the coins to the Bank of France and exchange them for banknotes. She received a rather plain insignificant receipt for her efforts, plus of course her 30 francs in banknotes The poster of the gold coin crushing the German soldier shows what the Bank of France wanted was to issue a 10 franc banknote similar to the one opposite and withdraw the 10 franc gold coin. Interestingly the gold coin is dated 1915, however none with this design were minted after 1914. To illustrate the comparative value of the franc in 1914 to today; in 1914 there were 5 francs to the US dollar and one dollar had the buying power of $20 today.
    [Show full text]