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An Important Collection of French Coins

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___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ AN IMPORTANT COLLECTION OF FRENCH COINS Essais and Piedforts 2001 Republic, Copper Essai Monneron Monnaie de Confiance 2-Sols, Year 1, 1792, by Dupré, Hercules kneeling breaking royal sceptre, owl behind, rev pyramid, plain edge, 15.40g, 32mm (as VG 342, but plain edge; Maz 332a; Reynaud 8a). Extremely fine. £150-200 2002 Louis Philippe (1830-1848), Bronze Essai 3-Centimes and 2-Centimes, undated (1831-1842), by Domard, first with laureate head right, second with laureate head left, rev value over ESSAI within wreath, 6.68g, 4.53g (Gad 115, 95; VG 2800, 2801). Minor edge faults, residual lustre, both extremely fine.(2) £250-350 2003 Second Republic (1848-1852), Copper Essai Centime, 1851, by Barre, head of Louis Napoleon left, rev ESSAI DE BRONZE 1851, 1.00g (Gad 85). Some lustre, about extremely fine, rare. £200-300 2004 Second Republic, White Metal Essai 10-Centimes (2), 1848, by Barre and Rogat, 8.42, 8.23g (Gad 218, 239A); Copper Franc, undated (1848), small size, by Barre, 4.38g, 23mm (Gad 456a); Copper Essai 10-Centimes, 1848, by Farochon, 13.94g (Gad 225). First with flecked and slightly curved flan, the Franc good very fine and cancelled, otherwise generally about extremely fine. (4) £150-200 2005 Second Republic, Brass Piedfort Essai 5-Francs, 1848, unsigned, capped Liberty head left, rev value and date within wreath, edge inscribed + CONCOURS MONETAIRE + PIEDFORT, 55.08g (VG 3096 var; Maz 1385 var). Extremely fine, rare. £250-350 2006 Third Republic (1871-1940), Cupro-nickel Essai 100-Francs, 19(29), by Bazor, Paris mint, winged head of Republic left, rev corn ear between laurel and oak branch, reeded edge, 3.53g (Gad 5238; cf KM 880). In NGC holder graded MS65, minor spots on reverse, very rare. £800-1000 2007 Third Republic, Cupro-aluminium Essai 100-Francs, 1929, by Bazor, obv ESSAI, 3.42g (Gad 1148); Nickel Essai TM ‘2’, and TM ‘1’, undated (late 19th Century), by Theodore Michelin (Gad 259.2, 259.1); Provisional Government, Aluminium Essai 5-Francs, 1945, by Lavrillier, 3.89g (Gad 145.1). First with small reverse spot, the TM ‘1’ with reverse spots, otherwise generally about extremely fine or better. (4) £250-300 2008 Third Republic, Silver Piedfort Essai 20-Francs, 1929, by Turin, rev ESSAI, plain edge with incuse stamp ARGENT, 40.04g (Gad 199.EP). Light tone, almost mint state and extremely rare, only 29 struck. £400-500 2009 Third Republic, Cupro-aluminium Essai 20-Francs and 10-Francs, 1929, by Turin, rev ESSAI, grained edges, 17.67g, 8.86g (Gad 199.5, 169.3). Some spots and handling marks on the 20-Francs, mostly on the obverse, otherwise nearly as struck. (2) £150-200 2010 2011 2010 Third Republic, Nickel Essai 20-Francs, 1938, by Turin, rev ESSAI, without beading on rim, plain edge, 17.44g, 33mm (Gad -; cf Gad 200.2 for grained edge). About extremely fine with faint traces of concentric ‘guide-lines’ on each side, exceedingly rare, possibly unique. £800-1000 Gadoury lists a similar piece with a grained edge and states that there is only one known specimen. 2011 Third Republic, Nickel Essai 20-Francs, 1938, by Turin, rev ESSAI, beaded rim, grained edge, 19.80g (Gad 200.3). Virtually mint state, attractive and very rare. £1000-1200 2012 Third Republic, Cupro-nickel Essai 20-Francs, 1939, by Turin, rev narrow ESSAI, beaded rim, grained edge, 16.13g (Gad 200.12). Uneven tone on the obverse, slight handling marks, otherwise good extremely fine, very rare. £700-900 2013 Third Republic, Silver Piedfort Essai 10-Francs, 1929, by Turin, rev ESSAI, plain edge with incuse stamp ARGENT, 19.85g (Gad 173.EP). Minor marks by eye, good extremely fine, rare. £350-400 Mintage not recorded, however only 29 of the comparable Essai Piedfort 20-Francs were struck (see Gad 199.EP and lot 2008). 2014 Third Republic, Silver Essai 10-Francs, 1929, by Turin, rev ESSAI, grained edge, polished flan, 10.02g (Gad 169.1). Residual lustre, nearly mint state, toned, extremely rare with only 9 struck. £1800-2200 2015 Third Republic, Nickel Essai 5-Francs, 18(-), Hercules type, by Dupré, plain edge, 20.16g (Gad 132.1). Good extremely fine, rare. £400-500 2016 Third Republic, Silver Essai 5-Francs, 1898, matt finish, by Roty, Semeuse type, obv ESSAI, raised edge inscription, 25.04g, 37mm (Gad 131.1). Attractive tone, small spot behind Liberty, nearly mint state and very rare, only 75 struck. £5000-7000 ex Brand collection 2017 Third Republic, Silvered-bronze Essai 5-Francs, 1933, by Turin, rev ESSAI and cornucopiae within punch below FRATERNITE, grained edge, 5.02g (Gad 140.10). Good extremely fine, light tone, exceedingly rare with only 2 examples recorded. £800-1000 2018 Third Republic, Nickel Essai 5-Francs, 1933, by Lavrillier, rev ESSAI, plain edge, 11.92g (Gad 141.7), nearly mint state; another in Cupro-aluminium, 1939, 11.86g (Gad 141.10). Good extremely fine, toned, rare, probably less than 20 known. (2) £600-800 2019 Third Republic, Nickel Essai 5-Francs, 1933, by Lavrillier, rev ESSAI, plain edge, 12.02g (Gad 141.7). Minor reverse spotting, about extremely fine. £100-150 2020 Third Republic, Silver Piedfort 2-Francs, 1898, by Roty, Semeuse type, ARGENT and cornucopiae incuse on plain edge, 17.71g (Gad 111.P2). A little spotty on reverse, otherwise nearly mint state, toned, rare. £180-220 2021 Third Republic, Cupro-aluminium Piedfort Essai 2-Francs, Franc and 50-Centimes, 1920, by Domard, plain edges, obv ESSAI, 15.89g, 8.05g, 3.95g (Gad 112.PI, 95EP, 82EP). Generally nearly mint state. (3) £500-700 2022 Third Republic, Silver Essai 2-Francs, 1920, by Domard, obv ESSAI, grained edge, 9.86g (Gad 112.2). Extremely fine and very rare, estimated that only 40 exist. £600-800 2023 Third Republic, Silver Piedfort Essai 2-Francs and Franc, 1927, by Roty, Semeuse type, ARGENT ESSAI incuse on plain edges, 20.04g, 9.95g (Gad 111.EP1, 94.EP). Attractive toning on the obverses, particularly the 2-Francs, a little uneven on reverses, generally about as struck. (2) £600-800 2024 Third Republic, Silver Piedfort 2-Francs, 1928, by Roty, Semeuse type, plain edge, 19.89g (Gad 111.P3). About as struck, toned. £400-500 2025 Third Republic, Cupro-aluminium Piedfort Essai 2-Francs, Franc and 50-Centimes, 1931, by Morlon, plain edges, rev ESSAI, 13.75g, 6.60g, 3.28g (Gad 113.EP, 97.EP, 84.EP). Good extremely fine to nearly mint state. (3) £400-500 2026 Third Republic, Cupro-aluminium Essai 2-Francs, Franc and 50-Centimes, 1931, by Morlon, plain edges, rev ESSAI, 7.79g, 4.00g, 1.98g (Gad 113.6, 97.1, 84.1). Extremely fine to good extremely fine. (3) £200-300 2027 Third Republic, Cupro-aluminium Essai 2-Francs and Franc, 1931, by Morlon, rev ESSAI, plain edges, 7.88g, 3.91g (Gad 113.6, 97.1). Light obverse spots, otherwise extremely fine or better. (2) £150-200 2028 Third Republic, Maillechort (Nickel-silver) Essai Franc, 1920, by Domard, obv ESSAI, grained edge, 4.44g (Gad 95.9). Mint state. £250-300 2029 Third Republic, Cupro-aluminium Essai 50-Centimes, 1921, by Domard, obv ESSAI on obverse, DOMARD to left of date, grained edge, 1.95g (Gad 82.3). Nearly mint state / good extremely fine. £200-250 2030 Third Republic, Maillechort (Nickel-silver) Piedfort 25-Centimes, 1904, by Patey, MCHORT and stamp incuse on edge, 22 sided edge, 9.91g (Gad 62.P1), about extremely fine;Aluminium Essai 10-Centimes, 1909, by Rude, rev ESSAI, plain edge, 1.99g (Gad 35.5), almost mint state. (2) £200-300 2031 Third Republic, Nickel Essai 25-Centimes, 1913, by Lindauer, small size, MES underlined, ESSAI within C, 3.03g (Gad 77.2). Nearly mint state, rare. £600-800 2032 Third Republic, Nickel Essai 25-Centimes (2), 1914, by Pillet, cockerel and rising sun, rev Liberty cap on fasces, two sizes, 5.08g and 3.04g (Gad 73.7, 73.8). Almost as struck. (2) £400-500 2033 Third Republic, Nickel Piedfort Essai 25-Centimes, 1914, 10-Centimes, 1914, and 5-Centimes, 1920, small size, by Lindauer, all ESSAI within C, first two with MES underlined, 9.91g, 8.02g, 3.95g (Gad 77EP, 39EP, 19EP). Extremely fine or better, the 10-Centimes rare.(3) £700-900 2034 Third Republic, Maillechort (Nickel-silver) Essai 25-Centimes, 1914, by Lindauer, MES underligned, ESSAI within C, 3.92g (Gad 77.9); Cupro-nickel Essai 5-Centimes, 1920, by Lindauer, small size, ESSAI within C, 1.99g (Gad 19.2), some very minor handling marks, otherwise nearly mint state; with Error Strikings, Cupro-nickel 10-Centimes, 1921, and 5-Centimes (2), 1921, 1923, with off-struck central holes (Gad 286, 170, note). Generally
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    This dissertation has been 65-13,290 microfilmed exactly as received W E L B O R N , Jr., Max, 1928- VICTOR SCHOELCHER'S VIEWS ON RACE AND SLAVERY. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1965 History, mo d e m University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan VICTOR SCHOELCHER'S VIEWS ON RACE AND SLAVERY DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University Max Welbom, Jr., B.A., M.A. *♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ The Ohio State University 1965 Approved by Adviser Department of History ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to acknowledge the assistance rendered by the staffs of the following libraries: the RLbliotheque Nationale, BLbliotheque d'Outre-Mer and the Archives du Ministere des Colonies in Paris J The Ohio State University, Miami University, University of Cincinnati, Wilberforce College, and Cleveland Public Libraries in the United States. I should also acknowledge the valuable help offered me in Paris during the research phase of this dissertation by Professor Aaron Noland of the City College of New York, and by Miss Mary Storer, an American resident in Paris. Above all, I am indebted to tty adviser, Professor Robert H. Bremner of The Ohio State University, whose services in connection with this dissertation were of inestimable value. ii VITA October 12, I928 B o m - New York, New York 195 1............ B.A., Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 1952 ••••••• M.A., University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania I 9 5 7 . I 9 5 9 ........ Graduate Assistant, Department of History, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1959-1961.......
  • The Monetary Convention of the 6Th of November 1885, Agreed Upon by the Delegates of the Latin Monetary Union

    The Monetary Convention of the 6Th of November 1885, Agreed Upon by the Delegates of the Latin Monetary Union

    Volume II The Heyday of the Gold Standard, 1820-1930 1885 November 6 The Monetary Convention of the 6th of November 1885, agreed upon by the delegates of the Latin Monetary Union. At the urging of the Swiss government, France, Italy, Greece and Switzerland created a monetary union with interchangeable gold and silver currencies. The union had been in incipient form since 1865. Spain, Bulgaria, Romania, and Serbia all adhered to the Union while never officially joining. also allowed the franc to circulate. The role of silver decreased within the system an it effectively became a monometallic system within a few years. The system was suspended during the First World War and eventually ceased to function in 1926. ——— ARTICLE I. France, Greece, Italy, and Switzerland remain constituted a union in respect to the fineness, weight, diameter, and currency of their specie coined of gold and of silver. ARTICLE II. The types of gold coins bearing the impress of the high contracting parties are those of the 100-franc, 50-franc, 20-franc, 10-franc, and 5-franc pieces, fixed in respect to fineness, weight, tolerance and diameter as follows: Fineness. Weight. Denomination Legal Tolerance Legal Tolerance Diameter. s. standard. above and standard. above and below. below. Thousandths. Thousandths. Grams. Thousandths. Millimeters. Gold: 100 francs 32,258.06 1 35 50 francs 16,129.03 28 20 francs 900 1 6,451.61 2 21 10 francs 3,225.80 19 5 francs 1,612.90 3 17 [Note: In the column for ‘Diameter’, the original mistakenly reads ‘Thousandths’ instead of ‘Millimeters’, but the error has been corrected in this transcription.] 60 Volume II The Heyday of the Gold Standard, 1820-1930 The contracting Governments shall receive, without distinction, at their public treasuries, gold pieces coined in accordance with the foregoing conditions by either of the four states; they may, however, reject coins reduced in weight by abrasion one-half of one per cent.