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Global Re-Introduction Perspectives: 2013 Further Case-Studies from Around the Globe Edited by Pritpal S

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Global Re-Introduction Perspectives: 2013 Further Case-Studies from Around the Globe Edited by Pritpal S Global Re-introduction Perspectives: 2013 Further case-studies from around the globe Edited by Pritpal S. Soorae Global Re-introduction Perspectives: 2013 Further case-studies from around the globe Edited by Pritpal S. Soorae IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group (RSG) i ii The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or any of the funding organizations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN. Published by: IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group & Environment Agency-ABU DHABI Copyright: © 2013 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Citation: Soorae, P. S. (ed.) (2013). Global Re-introduction Perspectives: 2013. Further case studies from around the globe. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN/ SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group and Abu Dhabi, UAE: Environment Agency-Abu Dhabi. xiv + 282 pp. ISBN: 978-2-8317-1633-6 Cover photo: Clockwise starting from top-left: i. Fen Raft Spider, UK © Helen Smith ii. Manglietia longipedunculata © Late Prof. Qingwen Zeng iii. European Tree Frog, Latvia © Andris Eglitis iv. Red Wolf © USA John Froschauer/PDZA v. Hungarian Meadow Viper © Tamás Péchy vi. Westslope Cutthroat Trout, USA © Carter Kruse, Turner Enterprises, Inc./Turner Endangered Species Fund vii. Oriental White Stork, Japan © Yoko Mitsuhashi Cover design & layout by: Pritpal S. Soorae, IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group Produced by: IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group & Environment Agency-ABU DHABI Download at: www.iucnsscrsg.org / www.iucn.org iii iv IUCN IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature, helps the world find pragmatic solutions to our most pressing environment and development challenges. IUCN’s work focuses on valuing and conserving nature, ensuring effective and equitable governance of its use, and deploying nature-based solutions to global challenges in climate, food and development. IUCN supports scientific research, manages field projects all over the world, and brings governments, NGOs, the UN and companies together to develop policy, laws and best practice. IUCN is the world’s oldest and largest global environmental organization, with more than 1,200 government and NGO Members and almost 11,000 volunteer experts in some 160 countries. IUCN’s work is supported by over 1,000 staff in 45 offices and hundreds of partners in public, NGO and private sectors around the world. IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) The SSC is a science-based network of close to 8,000 volunteer experts from almost every country of the world, all working together towards achieving the vision of, “A world that values and conserves present levels of biodiversity.” Environment Agency - ABU DHABI (EAD) The EAD was established in 1996 to preserve Abu Dhabi’s natural heritage, protect our future, and raise awareness about environmental issues. EAD is Abu Dhabi’s environmental regulator and advises the government on environmental policy. It works to create sustainable communities, and protect and conserve wildlife and natural resources. EAD also works to ensure integrated and sustainable water resources management, and to ensure clean air and minimize climate change and its impacts. Denver Zoological Foundation (DZF) The DZF is a non-profit organization whose mission is to “secure a better world for animals through human understanding”. DZF oversees Denver Zoo and conducts conservation education and biological conservation programs at the zoo, in the greater Denver area, and worldwide. Over 3,800 animals representing more than 650 species call Denver Zoo home. A member of the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA), Denver Zoo’s accreditation from the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) assures the highest standards of animal care. A leader in environmental action, Denver Zoo was the first U.S. zoo to receive ISO 14001 sustainability certification for its entire facility and operations and in 2011 was voted the greenest zoo in the country. The ISO 14001 international certification ensures the zoo attains the highest environmental standards. Since 1996, Denver Zoo has participated in over 590 conservation projects in 62 countries. In 2011 alone, Denver Zoo participated in 102 projects in 18 countries and spent well over $1.5 million to support of wildlife conservation in the field. Re-introduction Specialist Group (RSG) The RSG is a network of specialists whose aim is to combat the ongoing and massive loss of biodiversity by using re-introductions as a responsible tool for the management and restoration of biodiversity. It does this by actively developing and promoting sound inter-disciplinary scientific information, policy, and practice to establish viable wild populations in their natural habitats. v CONTENTS Letter from Shaikha Al Dhaheri, EAD ..................................................... viii Letter from Richard Reading, DZF .......................................................... ix Letter from Simon Stuart, SSC ............................................................... x Letter from Frederic Launay, RSG .......................................................... xi Overview and analysis of re-introduction case-studies ........................... xii Invertebrates ......................................................................................... 1 Fen raft spider in the UK ......................................................................... 1 Red barbed ant in the UK ....................................................................... 6 Fish ........................................................................................................ 10 Slimy sculpin in the USA ......................................................................... 10 European mudminnow in Hungary ......................................................... 15 Eagle Lake rainbow trout in the USA ...................................................... 21 Cutthroat trout in the USA ....................................................................... 26 Amphibians ........................................................................................... 33 European tree frog in Latvia ................................................................... 33 Reptiles .................................................................................................. 37 Indigo snakes in the USA ....................................................................... 37 Hermann’s tortoise in France .................................................................. 42 Hungarian meadow viper in Hungary ...................................................... 47 Birds ...................................................................................................... 53 Amazon parrots in Brazil ......................................................................... 53 Crested ibis in Japan .............................................................................. 58 Brown-headed nuthatch and eastern bluebird in the USA ...................... 63 Hihi (stitchbird) in New Zealand .............................................................. 68 Puaiohi (small Kauai thrush) in Hawaii, USA .......................................... 74 Eastern loggerhead shrike in Canada ..................................................... 80 Oriental white stork in Japan .................................................................. 85 Red-billed oxpecker in Zimbabwe ........................................................... 90 Brown treecreeper in Australia ............................................................... 95 Western bluebird in the USA .................................................................. 102 vi Mammals ............................................................................................... 107 Red wolf in the USA ................................................................................ 107 Mexican wolves in Mexico ...................................................................... 116 Iberian lynx in Spain ............................................................................... 120 Brown bear in Italy .................................................................................. 125 Hawaiian monk seals in the Hawaiian Archipelago & Johnson Atoll, USA ................................................................................. 131 Large antelopes in Zimbabwe ................................................................. 137 Milu deer in China ................................................................................... 143 Lichenstein’s hartebeest in Zimbabwe .................................................... 148 Swift fox, California Channel Island fox & San Joaquin kit fox In USA and Canada ................................................................................ 152 European mink in Estonia ....................................................................... 159 One-horned rhino in India ....................................................................... 164 Tule elk in the USA ................................................................................. 168 Arabian gazelles in Saudi Arabia ............................................................ 174 Elk in Canada ........................................................................................
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