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Eco-Innovation in Belgium

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Eco-Innovation in Belgium Eco-innovation in Belgium EIO Country Profile 2013 Eco-Innovation Observatory The Eco-Innovation Observatory functions as a platform for the structured collection and analysis of an extensive range of eco-innovation information, gathered from across the European Union and key economic regions around the globe, providing a much-needed integrated information source on eco- innovation for companies and innovation service providers, as well as providing a solid decision- making basis for policy development. The Observatory approaches eco-innovation as a persuasive phenomenon present in all economic sectors and therefore relevant for all types of innovation, defining eco-innovation as: “Eco-innovation is any innovation that reduces the use of natural resources and decreases the release of harmful substances across the whole life-cycle”. To find out more, visit www.eco-innovation.eu Any views or opinions expressed in this report are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position of the European Commission. Eco-innovation in Belgium 1 Eco-Innovation Observatory Country Profile 2013: Belgium Asel Doranova, Technopolis Group Coordinator of the work package: Technopolis Group Belgium Eco-innovation in Belgium 2 Acknowledgments I would like to extend my gratitude to the representatives of the following state authorities and agencies for contributing to the preparation of this report: • Competitiveness & Innovation Department – Directorate-General for Economy, Employment and Research at Service public de Wallonie • Agency for innovation through science and technology (IWT) • The Flemish environment agency (VMM), • The Flemish council for science and innovation (VRWI), • Flemish agency for enterprises – Enterprise Flanders (AO), • The public waste agency of Flanders (OVAM) and its Department of Soil Management • The department for environment, nature and energy (department LNE) • I-cleantech vzw, • Flanders knowledge center water (Vlakwa vzw) A note to Readers Any views or opinions expressed in this report are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position of the European Union. A number of companies are presented as illustrative examples of eco-innovation in this report. The EIO does not endorse these companies and is not an exhaustive source of information on innovation at the company level. This brief is available for downloaded from www.eco-innovation.eu/countries Comments on this brief are welcomed and can be provided at www.eco-innovation.eu/belgium Eco-innovation in Belgium 3 Table&of&contents& Summary .............................................................................................................................................. 5! 1! | Introduction................................................................................................................................... 6! 2! | Eco-innovation performance ....................................................................................................... 7! 3! | Selected eco-innovation areas and new trends......................................................................... 9! 4! | Eco-innovation barriers and drivers in Belgium...................................................................... 11! 5! | Eco-innovation policy landscape.............................................................................................. 13! 6! | Good practice examples ............................................................................................................ 19! Eco-innovation in Belgium 4 Summary While the environmental performance of Belgium has been improving over time, there is still need for investing in eco-innovative activities. Eco-innovation has been on the rise in 2013, which is demonstrated by the growing number of practical examples from business, research and governmental initiatives. With a total score of 100,5 in the overall Eco-Innovation Scoreboard 2013, Belgium ranked 10th on the list of EU countries and is right at the EU average. It performed particularly well for the eco- innovation input indicator due to high level of early stage investment in cleantech and eco-innovative businesses. Belgium is also among the top six leaders in the socio-economic outcomes component, showing high performance in eco-industry employment and turnover indicators. In eco-innovation activities, output, and resource efficiency outcomes it was ranked slightly below EU-28 level. Nevertheless, statistics show that Belgium’s material and energy productivity as well as carbon intensity gradually continues to decline. The striking contrast persists between relatively high R&D personnel and a growing number of scientific publications on one hand and a still below average performance in patenting. There are different landscapes on eco-innovation and policy measures in the Flemish, Walloon and Brussels Capital Regions. In last three years the Flanders Region has progressed well by adopting a more integrated and systemic approach in promoting eco-innovation and transformative innovation in its policies. The region’s Innovation Steering Group on Eco-innovation has contributed insightful recommendations on promoting eco-innovation and facilitating systemic changes. The Region of Wallonia has been progressing fast in promoting eco-innovation as well. A new Regional Sustainable Development Strategy was adopted in 2013 a well as a number of new initiatives such as “Le Coq Vert”, “Short cycles” Reference Centre", “Circular Economy” Reference Centre, and Green Skills. The sustainable procurement policy has been put place. The Brussels Capital Region has been developing a sustainable image of the city through its thematic pillars on sustainable transport, housing and neighbourhoods, promoting environmental management and investing in green spaces. Among the main drivers of the eco-innovation is a growing consensus on sustainability goals both on the policy agenda of each Region as well as among private actors. Another factor is the availability of a strong pool of innovative companies, universities, research labs and well trained human capital such as R&D personnel, engineers and businessmen. Development of green markets for Belgian eco-innovative products have been taking place both locally, as well as in other countries with whom Belgium maintains active trade. Eco-innovation in Belgium 5 1 | Introduction Eco-innovation needs and challenges in Belgium are associated with a number of economic and environmental problems. With few natural resources, Belgium depends on substantial imports of raw materials. Its domestic material consumption per capita is above the EU average despite steady but slow improvements in material efficiency in the last decade1. Primary energy intensity and greenhouse gases emissions have declined in Belgium since 1998, reflecting the decoupling of economic growth and primary energy consumption. However, with its reliance on nuclear (54%) and thermal power plants (39%) the country will soon be facing a major challenge in the expected phasing out of the nuclear energy system. Renewable energy, which is currently a small share, is gathering attention. However, large potential lies in energy efficiency measures. Furthermore, Belgium has a large stock of old buildings requiring improved energy efficiency. The share of single-dwelling stand-alone houses is high. All these contribute to a high energy and material intensity of the housing sector. Mitigating local environmental problems brings a high potential for eco-innovation. According to the Environmental Performance Index (EPI, 2014) Belgium is ranked the 7th lowest of the EU Member States. Environmental performance has long been affected by high population density and a high level of economic and agricultural activities, particularly in the Flanders region. Among the biggest problems have been the destruction and fragmentation of habitats, which have resulted in biodiversity losses, air pollution and its heavy burden on the ecosystem, and water status. The latter is a result of insufficient sewage wastewater treatment because of disperse habitation, losses from an intensive farming sector and a historical burden of hydromorphological changes and sediment pollution. The share of the population connected to a wastewater treatment has grown to 80%; industrial water contamination continues to decline and the agricultural sector is invested heavily in adjusted manure handling. As a result, the concentration of pollutants in many surface waters has dropped and aquatic life became more abundant. Persistent substances remain however present in many river sediments. In the coming decades forecasted population growth, intensified industrialisation and urbanisation as well as climate change related problems pose additional challenges for the country. In this context, existing and emerging systemic eco-innovative solutions offer significant potential to improve material productivity as well as overall economic and environmental performance of Belgium. 1EU Resource efficiency scoreboard http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/europe_2020_indicators/ree_scoreboard Eco-innovation in Belgium 6 2 | Eco-innovation performance The analysis in this section is based on the EU 28 Eco-innovation scoreboard (Eco-IS) for the year 2013. Eco-IS via its composite Eco-innovation index demonstrates the eco-innovation performance of a country compared with the EU average and with the EU top performers. Eco-IS is based on 16 indicators which are aggregated
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