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INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. University Microfilms International A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 Order Number 9219017 Diatom paleoproductivity and sediment transport in West Antarctic basins and the Neogene history of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Scherer, Reed Paul, Ph.D. The Ohio State University, 1992 UMI 300 N. Zeeb Rd. Ann Arbor, MI 48106 DIATOM PALEOPRODUCTIVITY AND SEDIMENT TRANSPORT IN WEST ANTARCTIC BASINS AND THE NEOGENE HISTORY OF THE WEST ANTARCTIC ICE SHEET (WAIS) DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University ******** By Reed Paul Scherer, B.S., M.S. The Ohio State University 1992 Dissertation Committee: Dr. P.-N. Webb, Chairman Approved by Dr. W.l. Ausich Dr. L.A. Krissek Dr. L.G. Thompson Adviser Department of Geological Sciences Dr. K. Jezek This dissertation is dedicated to my wife, Lene. We met in Denmark in 1978 and saw each other again the following summer in Southampton, New York. We then lost contact for nearly a decade. Before the long absence (and our marriage in 1989), Lene sent me a book of short verse, called Grooks, by Danish poet and physicist Peit Hein. One couplet from the Grook entitled T.T.T., came to mind frequently during the last few years of graduate school: When you feel how depressingty slowly you climb, It’s well to remember that "Things Take Time" ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to express my gratitude to Professor Peter-Noel Webb for the guidance and support he provided, on many levels, throughout the course of this project. I look forward to continued collaboration with Dr. Webb into the future. Dr. Webb, the Department of Geological Sciences and the Byrd Polar Research Center provided the platform from which many scientific opportunities related to this reserarch became possible. For many stimulating scientific exchanges I thank my friends and colleagues at Ohio State and elsewhere, notably Dr. David Harwood, Dr. Amy Leventer-Reed, Dr. Scott Ishman and Mr. Charles Hart, all of whom reviewed various parts of this dissertation. Thanks to Drs. William Ausich, Lawrence Krissek, Kenneth Jezek, Lonnie Thompson and D. Graham Jenkins for many helpful comments regarding the dissertation, and Drs. Donald Blankenship, Ian Whillans and Richard Alley for many animated and enlightening glaciological discussions. Special thanks to Mrs. Judith Jenkins for editorial reviewing, Mr. John Nagy for drafting assistance and Michelle Jones for laboratory assistance. Sediments analyzed for this dissertation were made available by (1) Mr. Dennis Cassidy of the Antarctic Sediment Core Facility of Florida State University (piston cores from DF82 and DF81; gravity cores from RISP), (2) Dr. Robert Bindschadler of NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (CIR) and (3) Dr. Hermann Engelhardt and Dr. Barclay Kamb of California Institute of Technology (UpB). Financial support for this project came from many sources, including but not limited to NSF grants (Division of Polar Programs) to Dr. Webb (DPP- 8716261, DPP-8919910) and myself (DPP-8919910), the Ocean Drilling Program (USSAC), the Department of Geological Sciences (research-related support from the "Friends of Orton Hall" fund and stipend from Teaching Assistantship) and the Byrd Polar Research Center of The Ohio State University. VITA May 9, 1957 ........................................ Born - Brooklyn, New York 1975 ...................................................... Graduate, Sheepshead Bay High School, Brooklyn, N.Y., Special Marine Science Program 1979.................................................... B.S., Geology Southampton College, Long Island University Southampton, N.Y. 1979-1982.............................................. Research Assistant in Micropaleontology Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Columbia University, N.Y. 1983 .................................................... M.S., Geology University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 198 4.................................................... Research Associate in Basin Analysis Earth Sciences and Resources Institute, Univ. of South Carolina, Columbia SC 1985 .................................................... Research and Teaching Assistant, Department of Geology, Univ. of South Carolina, Columbia, SC Summer, 1984, 1985 ......................... Visiting Scientist, Centre National des Researches Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France 1986-1991 ........................................... Graduate Research and Teaching Associate Department of Geological Sciences and Byrd Polar Research Center, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH iv PUBLICATIONS SCHERER, R.P., Cohen, A.D., Andrejko, M.J., Raymond,R., Gooley.R., 1982. Freshwater diatom assemblages from surface peats of the Okefenokee swamp-marsh complex of southern Georgia. GSA Abst. Prog., 14(7):609 (abstract). SCHERER, R.P., 1983. Freshwater diatom assemblages and paleoecology of the Okefenokee swamp/marsh complex, southern Georgia. MS Thesis, University of South Carolina, Columbia, 126pp. SCHERER, R. P. and Cohen, A. D., Diatoms in Okefenokee Swamp peats., 1984. (In) The Okefenokee Swamp: Its Natural History, Geology, and Geochemistry, Cohen, A.D. et al. (eds.) Wetland’s Surveys, Los Alamos, NM, pp. 456-467. SCHERER, R.P., 1984. Freshwater diatom assemblages and ecology/paleoecology of the Okefenokee swamp-marsh complex of southern Georgia, USA. Eighth International Symposium on Fossil and Recent Diatoms, Paris, France, Conference Abstract. Lazarus, D., SCHERER, R., and Prothero, D., 1985. Evolution of the radiolarian species-complex Pterocanium. Jour. Paleontology, 59(1):183-220. SCHERER, R.P., 1985. Pogo Strikes Back: Diatom responses to human influences in the Okefenokee Swamp. South Carolina Academy of Sciences Annual Meeting Clemson, SC. S. C. Acad. Sci. Bull. 46:63 (abstract). SCHERER, R.P., 1987. Biogenic sedimentation and bottom transport in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctic Peninsula. GSA Abst. Prog. 19(7):832 (abstract). SCHERER, R.P., 1987. Paleoenvironmental studies of non-marine diatoms in Quaternary antarctic sediments. Antarctic Jour. U.S. 1987 Review, 22:35-37. Harwood, D.M. and SCHERER, R.P., 1988. Diatom biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental significance of reworked Miocene diatomaceous clasts in sediments from RISP Site J-9. Antarctic Jour. U.S. 1988 Review, 23:31-34. SCHERER, R.P., Harwood, D.M., Ishman, S.E. and Webb, P.-N., 1988. Micropaleontological analysis of sediments from the Crary Ice Rise, Ross Ice Shelf. Antarctic Jour. U.S. 1988 Review, 23:34-36. SCHERER, Reed P., 1988. Freshwater diatom assemblages and ecology/paleoecqlogy of the Okefenokee swamp-marsh complex of southern Georgia, USA. Diatom Research. 3(1)115-143. SCHERER, R.P., 1988. Estimating diatom paleoproductivity and sedimentation rates: Comparison of Holocene and lower Miocene Antarctic sediments. SEPM Abstracts, 5th v annual midyear meeting, Columbus, Ohio. 5:48. SCHERER, R.P., Harwood, D.M., Webb, P. and Greene, D., 1988. New microfossil data on marine sediments beneath the Ross Ice Shelf and Miocene paleoenvironment of West Antarctica. SEPM Abstracts, 5th annual midyear meeting, Columbus, Ohio. 5:48. SCHERER, R.P., 1988. Paleoproductivity and particle flux in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctic Peninsula. 2nd Polar Diatom Colloquium, Bremerhaven, Germany. Conference Abstracts, Alfred Wegener Institute. SCHERER, R.P., 1988. Sediments underneath the Ross Ice Shelf and their paleo­ environmental significance. 2nd Polar Diatom Colloquium, Bremerhaven, Germany. Conference Abstracts, Alfred Wegener Institute. SCHERER, R.P., 1989. Microfossil assemblages in "deforming till" from Upstream B, West Antarctica: implications for ice stream flow models. Ant. Jour. U.S., 1989 Review, 24:54-55. SCHERER, R.P., 1989. Paleoenvironments of the West Antarctic interior: microfossil study of sediments below Upstream B. Antarctic Jour. U.S., 1989 Review. 24:56-57. SCHERER, R.P., 1989. Microfossil study of active till and relict sediments beneath ice stream B, West Antarctica: implications for antarctic paleoclimates and modern ice stream flow. GSA Abst. Prog. 21(7):262 (abstract).
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  • Essays on Immigration Research

    Essays on Immigration Research

    2D PROPERTY OF LiBRARY DIVISION OF CULTURAL RESOURCES NARO ESSAYS ON IMMIGRATION RESEARCH guide for interpreters at the STATUE OF LIBERTY and ELLIS/oISLAND Institute for Research in History 432 Park Avenue South New York New York 10016 The short essays in the handbook were written by team of scholars from the Institute for Pesearch in History for National Park Service inter preters at the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island They are intended to assist the guides in developing their an museum tours The first three essays provide bibliographical guidance for further research The second three essays answer questions conTronly asked by visitors Wnat was it like to travel in steerage Did mcst people caie to the United States in family groups Did Ellis Island officials change the narrs of irrmigrants passing through their doors The Institute historians who worked on the project wish to dedicate this booklet to the interpreterswho work in the front lines of public history teaching thousands of museum visitors with boundless patience energy and enthusiasm also wish to thank the New York Council for the Humanities and the New York State Council on the Arts for their generous support Katherine Crun Project Director Places of Origin Institute for Fesearch in History TABLE OF CONTENTS page New Perspectives on Immigration History Lois Fenichell Sources for Statistics on American Immigration Betty Boyd Caroli Immigrants in Literature Sydney Weinberg 12 Steerage Conditions Carl Zangerl 15 Family Units and Single Immigrants Dorothy Helly 18 Compulsory