Group Testing
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Nber Working Paper Series Group Testing in a Pandemic
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES GROUP TESTING IN A PANDEMIC: THE ROLE OF FREQUENT TESTING, CORRELATED RISK, AND MACHINE LEARNING Ned Augenblick Jonathan T. Kolstad Ziad Obermeyer Ao Wang Working Paper 27457 http://www.nber.org/papers/w27457 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 July 2020 Authors in alphabetical order. We are grateful to Katrina Abuabara, Sylvia Barmack, Kate Kolstad, Maya Petersen, Annika Todd, Johannes Spinnewijn, and Nicholas Swanson for helpful comments. All opinions and errors are our own. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. At least one co-author has disclosed a financial relationship of potential relevance for this research. Further information is available online at http://www.nber.org/papers/w27457.ack NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer-reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications. © 2020 by Ned Augenblick, Jonathan T. Kolstad, Ziad Obermeyer, and Ao Wang. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Group Testing in a Pandemic: The Role of Frequent Testing, Correlated Risk, and Machine Learning Ned Augenblick, Jonathan T. Kolstad, Ziad Obermeyer, and Ao Wang NBER Working Paper No. 27457 July 2020 JEL No. I1,I18 ABSTRACT Group testing increases efficiency by pooling patient specimens and clearing the entire group with one negative test. -
DRASIC Distributed Recurrent Autoencoder for Scalable
DRASIC: Distributed Recurrent Autoencoder for Scalable Image Compression Enmao Diao∗, Jie Dingy, and Vahid Tarokh∗ ∗Duke University yUniversity of Minnesota-Twin Cities Durham, NC, 27701, USA Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Abstract We propose a new architecture for distributed image compression from a group of distributed data sources. The work is motivated by practical needs of data-driven codec design, low power con- sumption, robustness, and data privacy. The proposed architecture, which we refer to as Distributed Recurrent Autoencoder for Scalable Image Compression (DRASIC), is able to train distributed encoders and one joint decoder on correlated data sources. Its compression capability is much bet- ter than the method of training codecs separately. Meanwhile, the performance of our distributed system with 10 distributed sources is only within 2 dB peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of the performance of a single codec trained with all data sources. We experiment distributed sources with different correlations and show how our data-driven methodology well matches the Slepian- Wolf Theorem in Distributed Source Coding (DSC). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first data-driven DSC framework for general distributed code design with deep learning. 1 Introduction It has been shown by a variety of previous works that deep neural networks (DNN) can achieve comparable results as classical image compression techniques [1–9]. Most of these methods are based on autoencoder networks and quantization of bottleneck representa- tions. These models usually rely on entropy codec to further compress codes. Moreover, to achieve different compression rates it is unavoidable to train multiple models with different regularization parameters separately, which is often computationally intensive. -
Nested Tailbiting Convolutional Codes for Secrecy, Privacy, and Storage
Nested Tailbiting Convolutional Codes for Secrecy, Privacy, and Storage Thomas Jerkovits Onur Günlü Vladimir Sidorenko [email protected] [email protected] Gerhard Kramer German Aerospace Center TU Berlin [email protected] Weçling, Germany Berlin, Germany [email protected] TU Munich Munich, Germany ABSTRACT them as physical “one-way functions” that are easy to compute and A key agreement problem is considered that has a biometric or difficult to invert [33]. physical identifier, a terminal for key enrollment, and a terminal There are several security, privacy, storage, and complexity con- for reconstruction. A nested convolutional code design is proposed straints that a PUF-based key agreement method should fulfill. First, that performs vector quantization during enrollment and error the method should not leak information about the secret key (neg- control during reconstruction. Physical identifiers with small bit ligible secrecy leakage). Second, the method should leak as little error probability illustrate the gains of the design. One variant of information about the identifier (minimum privacy leakage). The the nested convolutional codes improves on the best known key privacy leakage constraint can be considered as an upper bound vs. storage rate ratio but it has high complexity. A second variant on the secrecy leakage via the public information of the first en- with lower complexity performs similar to nested polar codes. The rollment of a PUF about the secret key generated by the second results suggest that the choice of code for key agreement with enrollment of the same PUF [12]. Third, one should limit the stor- identifiers depends primarily on the complexity constraint. -
MASTER of ADVANCED STUDY New Professional Degrees for Engineers University of California, San Diego of California, University
pulse cover12_Layout 1 6/22/11 3:46 PM Page 1 Entrepreneurism Center • Research Expo 2011 In Memory of Jack Wolf Jacobs School of Engineering News PulseSummer 2011 MASTER OF ADVANCED STUDY New Professional Degrees for Engineers University of California, San Diego of California, University > dean’s column < New Interdisciplinary Degree Programs for Engineering Professionals Jacobs School of Engineering The most exciting and innovative engineering often occurs on the interface between traditional disciplines. We are extending our interdisciplinary Leadership Dean: Frieder Seible collaborations — which have always been at the core of the Jacobs School culture Associate Dean: Jeanne Ferrante — to new graduate education programs for engineering professionals. Associate Dean: Charles Tu Associate Dean for Administration and Finance: Beginning this fall, the Jacobs School will offer four new interdisciplinary Steve Ross Master of Advanced Study (MAS) programs for working engineers: Wireless Executive Director of External Relations: Embedded Systems, Medical Device Engineering, Structural Health Monitoring, Denine Hagen and Simulation-Based Engineering. Academic Departments Bioengineering: Shankar Subramanian, Chair TThese master degree programs are engineering equivalents of MBA programs Computer Science and Engineering: at business management schools. Geared to early- to mid-career engineers Rajesh Gupta, Chair Electrical and Computer Engineering: with practical work experience, our new MAS programs align faculty research Yeshaiahu Fainman, Chair strengths with industry workforce needs. The curricula are always jointly offered Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering: by two academic departments, so that the training focuses in a practical way on Sutanu Sarkar, Chair NanoEngineering: industry-specific application areas that are not available through traditional master Kenneth Vecchio, Chair degree programs. -
IEEE Information Theory Society Newsletter
IEEE Information Theory Society Newsletter Vol. 63, No. 3, September 2013 Editor: Tara Javidi ISSN 1059-2362 Editorial committee: Ioannis Kontoyiannis, Giuseppe Caire, Meir Feder, Tracey Ho, Joerg Kliewer, Anand Sarwate, Andy Singer, and Sergio Verdú Annual Awards Announced The main annual awards of the • 2013 IEEE Jack Keil Wolf ISIT IEEE Information Theory Society Student Paper Awards were were announced at the 2013 ISIT selected and announced at in Istanbul this summer. the banquet of the Istanbul • The 2014 Claude E. Shannon Symposium. The winners were Award goes to János Körner. the following: He will give the Shannon Lecture at the 2014 ISIT in 1) Mohammad H. Yassaee, for Hawaii. the paper “A Technique for Deriving One-Shot Achiev - • The 2013 Claude E. Shannon ability Results in Network Award was given to Katalin János Körner Daniel Costello Information Theory”, co- Marton in Istanbul. Katalin authored with Mohammad presented her Shannon R. Aref and Amin A. Gohari Lecture on the Wednesday of the Symposium. If you wish to see her slides again or were unable to attend, a copy of 2) Mansoor I. Yousefi, for the paper “Integrable the slides have been posted on our Society website. Communication Channels and the Nonlinear Fourier Transform”, co-authored with Frank. R. Kschischang • The 2013 Aaron D. Wyner Distinguished Service Award goes to Daniel J. Costello. • Several members of our community became IEEE Fellows or received IEEE Medals, please see our web- • The 2013 IT Society Paper Award was given to Shrinivas site for more information: www.itsoc.org/honors Kudekar, Tom Richardson, and Rüdiger Urbanke for their paper “Threshold Saturation via Spatial Coupling: The Claude E. -
The Illusion of Group Testing Teddy Furon
The illusion of group testing Teddy Furon To cite this version: Teddy Furon. The illusion of group testing. [Research Report] RR-9164, Inria Rennes Bretagne Atlantique. 2018, pp.1-19. hal-01744252 HAL Id: hal-01744252 https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01744252 Submitted on 27 Mar 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. The illusion of group testing Teddy Furon RESEARCH REPORT N° 9164 March 2018 Project-Team Linkmedia ISSN 0249-6399 ISRN INRIA/RR--9164--FR+ENG The illusion of group testing Teddy Furon Project-Team Linkmedia Research Report n° 9164 — March 2018 — 19 pages Abstract: This report challenges the assumptions usually made in non-adaptive group testing. The test is usually modelled as a probabilistic mechanism prone to false positive and / or false negative errors. However, the models are still too optimistic because the performances of these non ideal tests are assumed to be independent of the size of the groups. Without this condition, the report shows that the promises of group test (a number of tests and a decoding complexity scaling as c log N) do not hold. Key-words: Group testing, hypothesis testing, identification, information theory This work has been done for the CHIST-ERA project IDentification for the Internet Of Things - ID_IOT RESEARCH CENTRE RENNES – BRETAGNE ATLANTIQUE Campus universitaire de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes Cedex L’illusion des tests par groupe Résumé : Ce rapport de recherche présente une investigation sur les hypothèses parfois cachées en test par groupe. -
2010 Roster (V: Indicates Voting Member of Bog)
IEEE Information Theory Society 2010 Roster (v: indicates voting member of BoG) Officers Frank Kschischang President v Giuseppe Caire First Vice President v Muriel M´edard Second Vice President v Aria Nosratinia Secretary v Nihar Jindal Treasurer v Andrea Goldsmith Junior Past President v Dave Forney Senior Past President v Governors Until End of Alexander Barg 2010 v Dan Costello 2010 v Michelle Effros 2010 v Amin Shokrollahi 2010 v Ken Zeger 2010 v Helmut B¨olcskei 2011 v Abbas El Gamal 2011 v Alex Grant 2011 v Gerhard Kramer 2011 v Paul Siegel 2011 v Emina Soljanin 2011 v Sergio Verd´u 2011 v Martin Bossert 2012 v Max Costa 2012 v Rolf Johannesson 2012 v Ping Li 2012 v Hans-Andrea Loeliger 2012 v Prakash Narayan 2012 v Other Voting Members of BoG Ezio Biglieri IT Transactions Editor-in-Chief v Bruce Hajek Chair, Conference Committee v total number of voting members: 27 quorum: 14 1 Standing Committees Awards Giuseppe Caire Chair, ex officio 1st VP Muriel M´edard ex officio 2nd VP Alexander Barg new Max Costa new Elza Erkip new Ping Li new Andi Loeliger new Ueli Maurer continuing En-hui Yang continuing Hirosuke Yamamoto new Ram Zamir continuing Aaron D. Wyner Award Selection Frank Kschischang Chair, ex officio President Giuseppe Caire ex officio 1st VP Andrea Goldsmith ex officio Junior PP Dick Blahut new Jack Wolf new Claude E. Shannon Award Selection Frank Kschischang Chair, ex officio President Giuseppe Caire ex officio 1st VP Muriel M´edard ex officio 2nd VP Imre Csisz`ar continuing Bob Gray continuing Abbas El Gamal new Bob Gallager new Conference -
Group Testing-Based Robust Algorithm for Diagnosis of COVID-19
diagnostics Article Group Testing-Based Robust Algorithm for Diagnosis of COVID-19 Jin-Taek Seong Department of Convergence Software, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea; [email protected] Received: 28 April 2020; Accepted: 8 June 2020; Published: 11 June 2020 Abstract: At the time of writing, the COVID-19 infection is spreading rapidly. Currently, there is no vaccine or treatment, and researchers around the world are attempting to fight the infection. In this paper, we consider a diagnosis method for COVID-19, which is characterized by a very rapid rate of infection and is widespread. A possible method for avoiding severe infections is to stop the spread of the infection in advance by the prompt and accurate diagnosis of COVID-19. To this end, we exploit a group testing (GT) scheme, which is used to find a small set of confirmed cases out of a large population. For the accurate detection of false positives and negatives, we propose a robust algorithm (RA) based on the maximum a posteriori probability (MAP). The key idea of the proposed RA is to exploit iterative detection to propagate beliefs to neighbor nodes by exchanging marginal probabilities between input and output nodes. As a result, we show that our proposed RA provides the benefit of being robust against noise in the GT schemes. In addition, we demonstrate the performance of our proposal with a number of tests and successfully find a set of infected samples in both noiseless and noisy GT schemes with different COVID-19 incidence rates. Keywords: COVID-19; diagnosis; group testing; posterior probability; robust algorithm 1. -
On the Cut-Off Point for Combinatorial Group Testing
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector DISCRETE APPLIED MATHEMATICS ELSWIER Discrete Applied Mathematics 91 (I 999) X3-92 On the cut-off point for combinatorial group testing Paul Fischer a, Norbert Klasner b, Ingo Wegener ‘,*.I Received 3 July 1997; received in revised form 6 July 1998: accepted IO August 199X Abstract The following problem is known as group testing problem for n objects. Each object can be essential (defective) or non-essential (intact). The problem is to determine the set of essential objects by asking queries adaptively. A query can be identified with a set e of objects and the query e is answered by I if p contains at least one essential object and by 0 otherwise. In the statistical setting the objects are essential, independently of each other, with a given probability p< 1 while in the combinatorial setting the number k < n of essential objects is known. The cut-off point of statistical group testing is equal to p* = i(3 - &), i.e., the strategy of testing each object individually minimizes the average number of queries iff p > p* or n = I. In the combinatorial setting the worst case number of queries is of interest. It has been conjectured that the cut-off point of combinatorial group testing is equal to r* = f. i.e., the strategy of testing II - I objects individually minimizes the worst case number of queries iff k/n b T* and k < II. Some results in favor of this conjecture are proved. -
Andrew J. and Erna Viterbi Family Archives, 1905-20070335
http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt7199r7h1 Online items available Finding Aid for the Andrew J. and Erna Viterbi Family Archives, 1905-20070335 A Guide to the Collection Finding aid prepared by Michael Hooks, Viterbi Family Archivist The Andrew and Erna Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California (USC) First Edition USC Libraries Special Collections Doheny Memorial Library 206 3550 Trousdale Parkway Los Angeles, California, 90089-0189 213-740-5900 [email protected] 2008 University Archives of the University of Southern California Finding Aid for the Andrew J. and Erna 0335 1 Viterbi Family Archives, 1905-20070335 Title: Andrew J. and Erna Viterbi Family Archives Date (inclusive): 1905-2007 Collection number: 0335 creator: Viterbi, Erna Finci creator: Viterbi, Andrew J. Physical Description: 20.0 Linear feet47 document cases, 1 small box, 1 oversize box35000 digital objects Location: University Archives row A Contributing Institution: USC Libraries Special Collections Doheny Memorial Library 206 3550 Trousdale Parkway Los Angeles, California, 90089-0189 Language of Material: English Language of Material: The bulk of the materials are written in English, however other languages are represented as well. These additional languages include Chinese, French, German, Hebrew, Italian, and Japanese. Conditions Governing Access note There are materials within the archives that are marked confidential or proprietary, or that contain information that is obviously confidential. Examples of the latter include letters of references and recommendations for employment, promotions, and awards; nominations for awards and honors; resumes of colleagues of Dr. Viterbi; and grade reports of students in Dr. Viterbi's classes at the University of California, Los Angeles, and the University of California, San Diego. -
IEEE Information Theory Society Newsletter
IEEE Information Theory Society Newsletter Vol. 51, No. 3, September 2001 Editor: Lance C. Pérez ISSN 1059-2362 2001 Shannon Lecture Constrained Sequences, Crossword Puzzles and Shannon Jack Keil Wolf University of California, San Diego and QUALCOMM Incorporated One-dimensional con- tween every pair of uncon- strained sequences play an strained binary digits unless important role in both com- that pair of digits is both 0’s munication and storage sys- in which case insert a 1. tems. Many interesting Using this rule the uncon- constraints exist, e.g., bal- strained sequence …11010 anced codes, (d,k) codes, etc. 0 0 …becomes the con- strained sequence … 1 0 100 Initially we will concentrate 0 1001010 … where the in- on one-dimensional binary serted binary digits are un- (d,k) sequences [1]. These se- derlined. Decoding consists quences are described by two of removing the underlined integers, d and k, 0 ≤ d<k, binary digits. This is an ex- such that there are at least d ample of a fixed rate code in and at most k 0’s before and that the number of con- after every 1. As an example, Jack Wolf presenting the 2001 Shannon Lecture in strained binary digits is al- … 01010001001010 … is a seg- Washington D. C. ways a constant times the ment of an allowable (1,3) se- number of unconstrained binary digits. It is also an ex- quence while … 0110001000010 …is not, due to the ample of a systematic code in that the unconstrained bi- violations that are underlined. nary digits are present in the stream of constrained There is an abundance of literature on the applications binary digits. -
An Efficient Hardware Implementation of LDPC Decoder Monazzahalsadat Yasoubi a Thesis in the Department of Electrical and Comput
An Efficient Hardware Implementation of LDPC Decoder Monazzahalsadat Yasoubi A Thesis In the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Applied Science (Electrical and Computer Engineering) at Concordia University Montreal, Quebec, Canada February 2020 © Monazzahalsadat Yasoubi, 2020 CONCORDIA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES This is to certify that the thesis prepared By: Monazzahalsadat Yasoubi Entitled: An Efficient Hardware Implementation of LDPS Decoder and submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Applied Science Complies with the regulations of this University and meets the accepted standards with respect to originality and quality. Signed by the final examining committee: ________________________________________________ Chair Dr. M. Medraj (MIAE) ________________________________________________ Examiner, External Dr. M. Medraj (MIAE) To the Program ________________________________________________ Examiner Dr. Y. R. Shayan ________________________________________________ Supervisor Dr. M. R. Soleymani ________________________________________________ Co-Supervisor Dr. Approved by: ___________________________________________ Dr. Yousef R. Shayan, Chair Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering _______13/02/2020____ ___________________________________ Dr. Amir Asif, Dean Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science Abstract An Efficient Hardware Implementation of LDPC Decoder Monazzahalsadat