DOCSLIB.ORG

Chromosome Numbers of 50 Vascular Plants in South Korea

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chromosome Numbers of 50 Vascular Plants in South Korea Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity xxx (2016) 1e9 HOSTED BY Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/japb Short communication Chromosome numbers of 50 vascular plants in South Korea Gyu-Young Chung a, Bo-mi Nam a, Mi-Jung Choi b, Hyeon-Do Jang c, Hyeok-Jae Choi b,*, Byoung-Un Oh c a School of Bioresource Science, Andong National University, Andong, South Korea b Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Gyeongnam, South Korea c Department of Biology, Chungbuk National University, Cheungju, South Korea article info abstract Article history: Variation or constancy in the chromosome number within taxa of different categories have been proven to be Received 29 March 2016 important characters for taxonomic groupings. In order to expand the current knowledge on somatic chro- Received in revised form mosome numbers of South Korean vascular plants, chromosome counts were made for 50 species (38 genera 27 June 2016 of 17 families). The first chromosome information for Glaux maritima var. obtusifolia Fernald, Hemerocallis Accepted 23 August 2016 hakuunensis Nakai, Hylotelephium verticillatum (L.) H. Ohba, Orostachys iwarenge f. magnus Y.N. Lee, and Available online xxx Teucrium viscidum var.miquelianum(Maxim.) Hara is presented. New chromosome numbers compared with previous studies are also counted in Aconitum pseudolaeve Nakai, Securinega suffruticosa (Pall.) Rehder, and Keywords: chromosome numbers Tricyrtis macropoda Miq., respectively. In addition, Eupatorium japonicum Thunb. is proven to show polyploidy South Korea with tetra- and pentaploid. Among studied species, the diploids (66%) and tetraploids (24%) prevail. vascular plants Copyright Ó 2016, National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA). Production and hosting by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Introduction and staining with 1% acetoeorcein for 8 hours, the material was squashed for observation in 45% acetic acid. More than 10 chro- Usually, all individuals within a species possess the same chro- mosome micrographs were observed for each accession using an mosome number (CN). However, plants with different CNs are not optical microscope (Olympus AX-70). Semipermanent microscope frequently found within the bounds of one taxonomic species slides and photographs of representative cells have been retained (Friesen 1992). In angiosperms, the haploid chromosome number in the plant taxonomy laboratory of the Changwon National Uni- varies between n ¼ 2andn ¼ 132, but the majority of them show a versity, South Korea. Voucher specimens are preserved in the Korea range between n ¼ 7andn ¼ 12 (Sharma 2009). Variation or con- National Herbarium. The first chromosome data for the species are stancy in the CN within taxa of different categories have been proven indicated by (*), and the new CNs are marked with (!). Previously to be important characters for taxonomic groupings (Sharma 2009). published results (PCN) and basic CN (BCN) for the genus are also In order to expand the current knowledge on somatic CNs, we pre- presented based on the references. sent results of a CN study of plant species from South Korea. Results Materials and methods Aizoaceae Shoot tips were pretreated in 0.002M 8-hydroxyquinoline for 1. Tetragonia tetragonioides (Pall.) Kuntze, 2n [ 4x [ 32 4e6 hours in total darkness at 4C and then fixed in Carnoy’s fluid (Figure 1A) (three parts absolute ethanol: one part glacial acetic acid, volume/ Voucher. Uljin-gun (Ugihang)-130602-001. [PCN]: 2n ¼ 16 volume) for 1 hour at room temperature 23C. The shoot tips were (Dequan and Hartmann 2003), 2n ¼ 32 (Beuzenberg and Hair macerated in 1M hydrochloric acid at 60C for 10e15 seconds. After 1959). [BCN]: x ¼ 8(Darlington and Wylie 1945; Hsu 1968). washing three to five times to eliminate residual hydrochloric acid Asclepiadaceae * þ Corresponding author. Tel. 82 55 213 3457. [ E-mail address: [email protected] (H.-J. Choi). 2. Cynanchum paniculatum (Bunge) Kitag. ex H. Hara, 2n 2x [ Peer review under responsibility of National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and 22 Korea National Arboretum (KNA). (Figure 1B) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2016.08.001 pISSN2287-884X eISSN2287-9544/Copyright Ó 2016, National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA). Production and hosting by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Please cite this article in press as: Chung G-Y, et al., Chromosome numbers of 50 vascular plants in South Korea, Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity (2016), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2016.08.001 2 GY Chung et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity xxx (2016) 1e9 Figure 1. Mitotic metaphase chromosomes of vascular plants in South Korea: A, Tetragonia tetragonoides (Pall.) Kuntze; B, Cynanchum paniculatum (Bunge) Kitag; C, Impatiens textori Miq; D, Chenopodium album var. centrorubrum Makino; E, C. ficifolium Smith; F, C. glaucum L; G, Salicornia europaea L; H, Salsola komarovii Iljin; I, Suaeda japonica Makino; J, K, Eupatorium japonicum Thunb; L, Lactuca indica L; M, Saussurea gracilis Maxim; N, Solidago virgaurea subsp. gigantean (Nakai) Kitam; O, Hylotelephium verticillatum (L.) H. Ohba; P, Orostachys iwarenge f. magnus Y. N. Lee; Q, Sedum latiovalifolium Y. N. Lee; R, Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum (Desv.) Und. ex Heller; S, Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata; T, E. esula L; U, E. jolkini Boiss; V, E. pekinensis Rupr; W, E. sieboldiana Morren & Decne; X, Securinega suffruticosa (Pall.) Rehder. Please cite this article in press as: Chung G-Y, et al., Chromosome numbers of 50 vascular plants in South Korea, Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity (2016), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2016.08.001 GY Chung et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity xxx (2016) 1e9 3 Figure 2. Mitotic metaphase chromosomes of vascular plants in South Korea: A, Geranium eriostemon Fisher ex DC; B, G. koreanum Kom; C, G. sibiricum L; D, G. thunbergii Siebold & Zucc; E, G. wilfordii Maxim; F, Ajuga spectabilis Nakai; G, Teucrium viscidum var. miquelianum (Maxim.) Hara; H, Lespedeza pilosa (Thunb.) Siebold & Zucc; I, Thermopsis lupinoides (L.) Please cite this article in press as: Chung G-Y, et al., Chromosome numbers of 50 vascular plants in South Korea, Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity (2016), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2016.08.001 4 GY Chung et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity xxx (2016) 1e9 Voucher. Uiryeong-gun (Hanusan)-140702-007. [PCN]: 2n ¼ 22 Voucher. Bonghwa-gun (Cheongnyang-san)-140905-211. [PCN]: (Probatova 2000). [BCN]: x ¼ 11 (Kwon 2013). 2n ¼ 30, 31, 40, 50 (Huziwara 1955). [BCN]: x ¼ 10, 17 (Darlington and Wylie 1945). Balsaminaceae 3. Impatiens textori Miq., 2n [ 2x [ 20 11. Lactuca indica L., 2n [ 2x [ 18 (Figure 1C) (Figure 1L) Voucher. Geoje-si (Samgeo-dong)-140816-001 (Korea National Voucher. Gimcheon-si (Daedeok-san)-130505-038. [PCN]: Herbarium). [PCN]: 2n ¼ 20 (Lee 1967; Iwatsubo and Naruhashi 2n ¼ 18 (Peng and Hsu 1977, 1978; Yan et al 1995). [BCN]: x ¼ 8, 9 1999). [BCN]: x ¼ 7, 8, 9, 10 (Darlington and Wylie 1945). (Park 2007b). Chenopodiaceae 12. Saussurea gracilis Maxim., 2n [ 2x [ 26 [ [ 4. Chenopodium album var. centrorubrum Makino, 2n 6x 54 (Figure 1M) (Figure 1D) Voucher.Sinan-gun(Daeheuksando)-100805-043. [PCN]: 2n ¼ 26 Voucher. Andong-si (Songcheon-dong)-130601-002. [PCN]: (Shimizu 1977). [BCN]: x ¼ 9, 13 (Darlington and Wylie 1945). 2n ¼ 54 (Tanaka and Tanaka 1980). [BCN]: x ¼ 9(Chung et al 2011). 13. Solidago virgaurea subsp. gigantean (Nakai) Kitam., 2n [ 2x fi [ [ 5. C. cifolium Sm., 2n 2x 18 [ 18 (Figure 1E) (Figure 1N) ¼ Voucher. Andong-si (Songcheon-dong)-130601-001. [PCN]: 2n 18 Voucher. Ulleung-gun (Seonginbongwonsirim)-090831-014. [PCN]: (Bouchard et al 1978; Gervais 1979a; Schwarzova 1978, 1980; 2n ¼ 18 (Huziwara 1962). [BCN]: x ¼ 9(Szymura and Szymura 2013). Dvorak et al 1980; Buttler 1989; Turala-Sybowska 1991; Lomono- sova and Krasnikov 1994; Dobea et al 1997; Al-Turki et al 1999, Crassulaceae ¼ 2000; Probatova et al 1998; Rahiminejad and Gornall 2004), 2n 14. (*) Hylotelephium verticillatum (L.) H. Ohba, 2n [ 4x [ 48 18, 36 (Kawatani and Ohno 1962; Dvorak 1989). (Figure 1O) Voucher. Mungyeong-si (Dundeok-san)-140827-089. [BCN]: 6. C. glaucum L., 2n [ 2x [ 18 x ¼ 11, 12 (Park 2007c). (Figure 1F) ¼ Voucher. Andong-si (Yak-san)-130521-001. [PCN]: 2n 18 15. (*) Orostachys iwarenge f. magnus Y. N. Lee, 2n [ 4x [ 48 (Murin and Schwarzova 1976; Gervais 1979a; Murin et al 1980; (Figure 1P) Pogan 1980; Tanaka and Tanaka 1980; Dvorak et al 1980; Voucher. Ulleung-gun (Dodong-ri)-140717-001. [BCN]: x ¼ 12 Arohonka 1982; Parfenov and Dmitrieva 1988; Dvorak 1989; (Park 2007d). Mesicek and Jarolimova 1992; Lomonosova and Krasnikov 1994; Al-Turki et al 1999, 2000; Lovkvist and Hultgard 1999; 16. Sedum latiovalifolium Y. N. Lee, 2n [ 4x [ 64 Lomonosova et al 2003; Rahiminejad and Gornall 2004; Rahi- (Figure 1Q) minejad 2006), 2n ¼ 36 (Schwarzova 1980; Lomonosova and Voucher. Yeongwol-gun (Manhangjae)-140514-002. [PCN]: Krasnikov 2006). 2n ¼ 64 (Lee and Kim 2008). [BCN]: x ¼ 4, 5, 6, 7, etc. (Darlington and Wylie 1945). 7. Salicornia europaea L., 2n [ 2x [ 18 (Figure 1G) Dennstaedtiaceae ¼ Voucher. Haenam-gun (Songho-ri)-130712-001. [PCN]: 2n 18 17. Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum (Desv.) Underw. ex A. (Borgen and Elven 1983; Zakharyeva 1985; Gervais and Cayouette Heller, 2n [ 2x [ 104 1985; Leque 1985; Lomonosova and Krasnikov 1993; Al-Turki (Figure 1R) ¼ et al 1999; Krasnikov and Schaulo 2004), 2n 18, 36 (Wolff and Voucher. Gimcheon-si (Daedeok-san)-130629-042. [PCN]: ¼ Jefferies 1987). [BCN]: x 9(Ghaffari et al 2006). 2n ¼ 104 (Love and Love 1976). [BCN]: x ¼ 52 (Sheffield et al 1993). 8. Salsola komarovii Iljin, 2n [ 4x [ 36 Euphorbiaceae (Figure 1H) 18.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Phylogeny and Divergence Times Inferred from Rps16 Sequence Data Analyses for Tricyrtis (Liliaceae), an Endemic Genus of North-East Asia
    AoB PLANTS http://aobplants.oxfordjournals.org/ Open access – Research article Phylogeny and divergence times inferred from rps16 sequence data analyses for Tricyrtis (Liliaceae), an endemic genus of north-east Asia Sophia Wan-Pyo Hong1* and Stephen L. Jury2 1 Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Gwanakro 599, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, South Korea 2 159 Harborne Building, Department of Botany, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UR, UK Received: 6 August 2011; Returned for revision: 17 August 2011; Accepted: 3 September 2011; Published: 7 September 2011 Citation details: Hong SW-P, Jury SL. 2011. Phylogeny and divergence times inferred from rps16 sequence data analyses for Tricyrtis (Liliaceae), an endemic genus of north-east Asia. AoB PLANTS 2011 plr025 doi:10.1093/aobpla/plr025 Abstract Background Tricyrtis is a genus of monocots with attractive and sophisticated flower shapes and colours, and aims endemic to north-east Asia. There are 18 known species. The highly restricted geographical distribution of the genus is of great interest in terms of both abiotic (continental drift) and biotic (long-distance dispersal) impacts on monocot plant speciation events and their timing, and of evolutionary patterns of diversification leading to the extant taxa. The aims of this study were to (i) predict the time of speciation (divergence) events at infraspecific levels of Tricyrtis, (ii) estimate the rate of evolution of the genus and (iii) provide information on an excellent plant model system in terms of studying loss of biodiversity or extinction of organisms in the dynamic earth environment. Methodology To investigate the divergence time and evolution rate of Tricyrtis, Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analyses were performed by calculating the mean branch lengths of evolutionary paths based on base substitution variations between rps16 intron nucleotide sequences from the 18 known species.
    [Show full text]
  • Outline of Angiosperm Phylogeny
    Outline of angiosperm phylogeny: orders, families, and representative genera with emphasis on Oregon native plants Priscilla Spears December 2013 The following listing gives an introduction to the phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants that has emerged in recent decades, and which is based on nucleic acid sequences as well as morphological and developmental data. This listing emphasizes temperate families of the Northern Hemisphere and is meant as an overview with examples of Oregon native plants. It includes many exotic genera that are grown in Oregon as ornamentals plus other plants of interest worldwide. The genera that are Oregon natives are printed in a blue font. Genera that are exotics are shown in black, however genera in blue may also contain non-native species. Names separated by a slash are alternatives or else the nomenclature is in flux. When several genera have the same common name, the names are separated by commas. The order of the family names is from the linear listing of families in the APG III report. For further information, see the references on the last page. Basal Angiosperms (ANITA grade) Amborellales Amborellaceae, sole family, the earliest branch of flowering plants, a shrub native to New Caledonia – Amborella Nymphaeales Hydatellaceae – aquatics from Australasia, previously classified as a grass Cabombaceae (water shield – Brasenia, fanwort – Cabomba) Nymphaeaceae (water lilies – Nymphaea; pond lilies – Nuphar) Austrobaileyales Schisandraceae (wild sarsaparilla, star vine – Schisandra; Japanese
    [Show full text]
  • Dispersion of Vascular Plant in Mt. Huiyangsan, Korea
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Journal of Korean Nature Vol. 3, No. 1 1-10, 2010 Dispersion of Vascular Plant in Mt. Huiyangsan, Korea Hyun-Tak Shin1, Sung-Tae Yoo2, Byung-Do Kim2, and Myung-Hoon YI3* 1Gyeongsangnam-do Forest Environment Research Institute, Jinju 660-871, Korea 2Daegu Arboretum 284 Daegok-Dong Dalse-Gu Daegu 704-310, Korea 3Department of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea Abstract: We surveyed that vascular plants can be classified into 90 families and 240 genus, 336 species, 69 variants, 22 forms, 3 subspecies, total 430 taxa. Dicotyledon plant is 80.9%, monocotyledon plant is 9.8%, Pteridophyta is 8.1%, Gymnosermae is 1.2% among the whole plant family. Rare and endangered plants are Crypsinus hastatus, Lilium distichum, Viola albida, Rhododendron micranthum, totalling four species. Endemic plants are Carex okamotoi, Salix koriyanagi for. koriyanagi, Clematis trichotoma, Thalictrum actaefolium var. brevistylum, Galium trachyspermum, Asperula lasiantha, Weigela subsessilis, Adenophora verticillata var. hirsuta, Aster koraiensis, Cirsium chanroenicum and Saussurea seoulensis total 11 taxa. Specialized plants are 20 classification for I class, 7 classifications for the II class, 7 classifications for the III class, 2 classification for the IV class, and 1 classification for the V class, total 84 taxa. Naturalized plants specified in this study are 10 types but Naturalization rate is not high compared to the area of BaekDu-DaeGan. This survey area is focused on the center of BaekDu- DaeGan, and it has been affected by excessive investigations and this area has been preserved as Buddhist temples' woods.
    [Show full text]
  • Growth Stage Modulates Salinity Tolerance of New Zealand Spinach (Tetragonia Tetragonioides, Pall.) and Red Orach (Atriplex Hortensis L.)
    Annals of Botany 85: 501±509, 2000 doi:10.1006/anbo.1999.1086, available online at http://www.idealibrary.com on Growth Stage Modulates Salinity Tolerance of New Zealand Spinach (Tetragonia tetragonioides, Pall.) and Red Orach (Atriplex hortensis L.) CLYDE WILSON*, SCOTT M. LESCH and CATHERINE M. GRIEVE United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, United States Salinity Laboratory, 450 West Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA 92507, USA Received: 4 August 1999 Returned for revision: 29 September 1999 Accepted: 8 December 1999 The response of two speciality vegetable crops, New Zealand spinach (Tetragonia tetragonioides Pall.) and red orach (Atriplex hortensis L.), to salt application at three growth stages was investigated. Plants were grown with a base nutrient solution in outdoor sand cultures and salinized at 13 (early), 26 (mid), and 42 (late) d after planting (DAP). For the treatment salt concentrations, we used a salinity composition that would occur in a typical soil in the San Joaquin Valley of California using drainage waters for irrigation. Salinity treatments measuring electrical 1 conductivities (ECi) of 3, 7, 11, 15, 19 and 23 dS m were achieved by adding MgSO4 ,Na2SO4 , NaCl and CaCl2 to the base nutrient solution. These salts were added to the base nutrient solution incrementally over a 5-d period to avoid osmotic shock to the seedlings. The base nutrient solution without added salts served as the non-saline control (3 dS m1). Solution pH was uncontrolled and ranged from 7.7to8.0. Both species were salt sensitive at the early seedling stage and became more salt tolerant as time to salinization increased.
    [Show full text]
  • WRA Species Report
    Family: Aizoaceae Taxon: Tetragonia tetragonoides Synonym: Demidovia tetragonoides Pall. (basionym) Common Name New Zealand spinach Tetragonia expansa Murray Questionaire : current 20090513 Assessor: Chuck Chimera Designation: H(Hawai'i) Status: Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 7 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? y=1, n=-1 103 Does the species have weedy races? y=1, n=-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If island is primarily wet habitat, then (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 y 204 Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates y=1, n=0 y 205 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see y Appendix 2), n= question 205 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see y Appendix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic y=1, n=0 n 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals y=1, n=-1 n 405 Toxic
    [Show full text]
  • Tetragonia Decumbens | Plantz Africa About:Reader?Url=
    Tetragonia decumbens | Plantz Africa about:reader?url=http://pza.sanbi.org/tetragonia-decumbens pza.sanbi.org Tetragonia decumbens | Plantz Africa Introduction This widespread dune plant is edible and also performs an important role in stabilizing the sand, enabling the dune to develop into a friendly environment for other plants. Description Description This is a spreading shrub with dark green, sessile, glistening leaves.The sheen is caused by small, shiny, water-storage cells that cover the surface of the leaf. The small, 4-petalled, yellow flowers are situated in groups of 3-5 in the upper leaf axils. They flower from August to November. The fruits are thickly 4-winged. Distribution and habitat Distribution description Found on coastal sand dunes from southern Namibia to the Eastern Cape. Derivation of name and historical aspects History The genus name is derived from the Latin word, tetragonus which means 4-angled, relating to the fruit, and decumbens means prostrate with tip rising upwards. Ecology 1 of 3 2016/12/15 01:48 PM Tetragonia decumbens | Plantz Africa about:reader?url=http://pza.sanbi.org/tetragonia-decumbens Ecology An early colonizer of moist sand dunes, it is an extremely valuable plant for stabilizing moving sand. It acts as a seed-trap and also provides organic matter that enables other species to grow on the dunes. The accumulation of plants matter such as that of Tetragonia decumbens , and the subsequent establishment of other plants, enable dunes to develop from fore dunes to rear dunes that are stabilized by increasing plant growth. The four-angled fruits are easily blown about by the wind, aiding their dispersal.
    [Show full text]
  • Tetragonia Tetragonioides) in New Zealand
    The commercialisation of kōkihi or New Zealand spinach (Tetragonia tetragonioides) in New Zealand N. Roskruge Institute of Natural Resources PN433, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand Abstract Kōkihi (Tetragonia tetragonioides) is the traditional name applied to the succulent green plant commonly called New Zealand spinach. It is a wild plant which grows in localised pockets along the coasts of both the North and South Islands of New Zealand, Stewart Island and Kermadec Island but it is seldom found naturally in inland areas. Commercially kōkihi is not a widely cultivated crop in New Zealand, however it is relatively common in non-commercial gardens and seed is available in garden centres. Scoping research was undertaken looking at a selection of agronomic factors which apply to this crop in a commercial production system. Kōkihi is susceptible to a minor range of pests and diseases including the fungal diseases Uredo novae-zealandiae (rust) and Helminthosporium sp. (commonly known as silver scurf on potatoes). The relationship of these diseases to other crops will influence the inclusion of NZ spinach in any crop rotation. Management of the plant is otherwise relatively simple and may be well suited to commercial opportunities. Additional keywords: leafy vegetable Introduction Tetragonia tetragonioides has been given New Zealand is the southernmost the dubious recognition as possibly the only landmass of the Pacific Ocean and of the ‗true‘ vegetable Australasia has provided to Pacific cultures. As such it endures a the world cuisine. This occurred through the relatively temperate climate but does have actions of Captain James Cook and his extremes from sub-tropical in the north to botanist Joseph Banks in their exploits of sub-Antarctic in the south.
    [Show full text]
  • Characteristics of Vascular Plants in Yongyangbo Wetlands Kwang-Jin Cho1 , Weon-Ki Paik2 , Jeonga Lee3 , Jeongcheol Lim1 , Changsu Lee1 Yeounsu Chu1*
    Original Articles PNIE 2021;2(3):153-165 https://doi.org/10.22920/PNIE.2021.2.3.153 pISSN 2765-2203, eISSN 2765-2211 Characteristics of Vascular Plants in Yongyangbo Wetlands Kwang-Jin Cho1 , Weon-Ki Paik2 , Jeonga Lee3 , Jeongcheol Lim1 , Changsu Lee1 Yeounsu Chu1* 1Wetlands Research Team, Wetland Center, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Korea 2Division of Life Science and Chemistry, Daejin University, Pocheon, Korea 3Vegetation & Ecology Research Institute Corp., Daegu, Korea ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to provide basic data for the conservation of wetland ecosystems in the Civilian Control Zone and the management of Yongyangbo wetlands in South Korea. Yongyangbo wetlands have been designated as protected areas. A field survey was conducted across five sessions between April 2019 and August of 2019. A total of 248 taxa were identified during the survey, including 72 families, 163 genera, 230 species, 4 subspecies, and 14 varieties. Their life-forms were Th (therophytes) - R5 (non-clonal form) - D4 (clitochores) - e (erect form), with a disturbance index of 33.8%. Three taxa of rare plants were detected: Silene capitata Kom. and Polygonatum stenophyllum Maxim. known to be endangered species, and Aristolochia contorta Bunge, a least-concern species. S. capitata is a legally protected species designated as a Class II endangered species in South Korea. A total of 26 taxa of naturalized plants were observed, with a naturalization index of 10.5%. There was one endemic plant taxon (Salix koriyanagi Kimura ex Goerz). In terms of floristic target species, there was one taxon in class V, one taxon in Class IV, three taxa in Class III, five taxa in Class II, and seven taxa in Class I.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded from Genbank
    THE MOLECULAR EVOLUTION OF FLORAL COLOUR SHIFTS IN LATHYRUS L. (FABACEAE) by Xinxin Xue M.Sc., The University of Edinburgh, 2008 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE AND POSTDOCTORAL STUDIES (Botany) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) December 2015 © Xinxin Xue, 2015 Abstract In this thesis, I used Lathyrus to study floral colour evolution. My work builds on that of pioneer geneticists who used the sweet pea (Lathyrus odoratus) for research in early 20th century England. They used the rich horticultural resource of inbred cultivars for genetic study. More recently, studies on flavonoid biochemistry and the phylogenetics of Lathyrus lend tools to place the colour shifts in an evolutionary and molecular context. In chapter 2, I show that the A1 locus is a missense mutation (332 G/A) in the substrate recognition site (SRS1) of flavonoid 3’,5’-hydroxylase (F3’5’H) and is associated with the pink mutant cultivar ‘Painted Lady’ (‘PL’). This single base pair substitution in the mutant F3’5’H is speculated to toggle the enzyme from primary F3’5’H activity to a relatively efficient F3’H, as shown in a heterologous transformation in Arabidopsis PAP1D (a mutant line that produces anthocyanin constitutively). In chapter 3, I constructed a multi-species coalescent tree using Bayesian inference and reconstructed the ancestral states for floral colour, life history trait (perennial or annual) and floral pattern. The ancestral states for Lathyrus are anthocyanin rich (AR), annual and concolourous. However, no correlation was found between the life history trait (which is linked to breeding systems) and the loss of anthocyanin colour in the petal, when corrected for phylogenetic independence.
    [Show full text]
  • Komoditas : Bunga-Bungaan Tahun 2004-2008 (467 Judul) Jinze
    Komoditas : Bunga-bungaan Tahun 2004-2008 (467 judul) Jinze Noordijk, Katrien Delille, Andre P. Schaffers, Karle V. Sykora, Optimizing grassland management for flower-visiting insects in roadside verges, Biological Conservation, Volume 142, Issue 10, October 2009, Pages 2097-2103, ISSN 0006-3207, DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2009.04.009. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V5X-4WBB71H- 1/2/3622bace9a5f6c088d770bcaa28dcc2f) Abstract: The decline of flower-visiting insects is a threat to ecological processes and to the services these insects provide. Roadside verges in the Netherlands span approximately 80,000 km and are often covered with semi-natural grasslands. As such, they also provide a suitable habitat for many insects, but this has received little attention so far. We investigated the effects of different management treatments on flower-visiting insects. We studied flower visitation in a 3 years old experimental set-up with five mowing treatments each replicated five times. Management types were: no management and mowing once or twice per year with and without the removal of hay, representing common forms of management and neglect. During an entire growing season, both flowers (number of species and inflorescences) as well as insects (total abundance and actual flower visits) were investigated. Mowing twice per year with removal of hay showed highest values for all measured variables and this effect persisted throughout the growing season. The early summer cut proved to be very important for insect feeding opportunities, due to the re-flowering of plants later in the growing season. Flower abundance showed high correlations with both plant species richness and the number of insect visits.
    [Show full text]
  • Plastome Phylogeny Monocots SI Tables
    Givnish et al. – American Journal of Botany – Appendix S2. Taxa included in the across- monocots study and sources of sequence data. Sources not included in the main bibliography are listed at the foot of this table. Order Famiy Species Authority Source Acorales Acoraceae Acorus americanus (Raf.) Raf. Leebens-Mack et al. 2005 Acorus calamus L. Goremykin et al. 2005 Alismatales Alismataceae Alisma triviale Pursh Ross et al. 2016 Astonia australiensis (Aston) S.W.L.Jacobs Ross et al. 2016 Baldellia ranunculoides (L.) Parl. Ross et al. 2016 Butomopsis latifolia (D.Don) Kunth Ross et al. 2016 Caldesia oligococca (F.Muell.) Buchanan Ross et al. 2016 Damasonium minus (R.Br.) Buchenau Ross et al. 2016 Echinodorus amazonicus Rataj Ross et al. 2016 (Rusby) Lehtonen & Helanthium bolivianum Myllys Ross et al. 2016 (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Hydrocleys nymphoides Willd.) Buchenau Ross et al. 2016 Limnocharis flava (L.) Buchenau Ross et al. 2016 Luronium natans Raf. Ross et al. 2016 (Rich. ex Kunth) Ranalisma humile Hutch. Ross et al. 2016 Sagittaria latifolia Willd. Ross et al. 2016 Wiesneria triandra (Dalzell) Micheli Ross et al. 2016 Aponogetonaceae Aponogeton distachyos L.f. Ross et al. 2016 Araceae Aglaonema costatum N.E.Br. Henriquez et al. 2014 Aglaonema modestum Schott ex Engl. Henriquez et al. 2014 Aglaonema nitidum (Jack) Kunth Henriquez et al. 2014 Alocasia fornicata (Roxb.) Schott Henriquez et al. 2014 (K.Koch & C.D.Bouché) K.Koch Alocasia navicularis & C.D.Bouché Henriquez et al. 2014 Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.) Becc. Henriquez et al. 2014 Anchomanes hookeri (Kunth) Schott Henriquez et al. 2014 Anthurium huixtlense Matuda Henriquez et al.
    [Show full text]
  • A Newly Compiled Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Habomais, the Little Kurils
    Title A Newly Compiled Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Habomais, the Little Kurils Author(s) Gage, Sarah; Joneson, Suzanne L.; Barkalov, Vyacheslav Yu.; Eremenko, Natalia A.; Takahashi, Hideki Citation 北海道大学総合博物館研究報告, 3, 67-91 Issue Date 2006-03 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/47827 Type bulletin (article) Note Biodiversity and Biogeography of the Kuril Islands and Sakhalin vol.2 File Information v. 2-3.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP Biodiversity and Biogeography of the Kuril Islands and Sakhalin (2006) 2,67-91. A Newly Compiled Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Habomais, the Little Kurils 1 1 2 Sarah Gage , Suzanne L. Joneson , Vyacheslav Yu. Barkalov , Natalia A. Eremenko3 and Hideki Takahashi4 'Herbarium, Department of Botany, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-5325, USA; 21nstitute of Biology and Soil Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Far Eastern Branch, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; 3 Natural Reserve "Kuril'sky", Yuzhno-Kuril'sk 694500, Russia; 4The Hokkaido University Museum, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan Abstract The new floristic checklist of the Habomais, the Little Kurils, was compiled from Barkalov and Eremenko (2003) and Eremenko (2003), and supplemented by the specimens collected by Gage and Joneson in 1998 and Eremenko in 2002. In the checklist, 61 families, 209 gen~ra and ~32 species were recognized. Scientific and vernacular names commonly adopted ~n RussIan and Japanese taxonomic references are listed and compared, and some taxonomIC notes are also added. This list will contribute the future critical taxonomic and nomenclatural studies on the vascular plants in this region.
    [Show full text]