Vibhishana Intercedes on Behalf of Hanuman
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South-Indian Images of Gods and Goddesses
ASIA II MB- • ! 00/ CORNELL UNIVERSITY* LIBRARY Date Due >Sf{JviVre > -&h—2 RftPP )9 -Af v^r- tjy J A j£ **'lr *7 i !! in ^_ fc-£r Pg&diJBii'* Cornell University Library NB 1001.K92 South-indian images of gods and goddesse 3 1924 022 943 447 AGENTS FOR THE SALE OF MADRAS GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. IN INDIA. A. G. Barraud & Co. (Late A. J. Combridge & Co.)> Madras. R. Cambrav & Co., Calcutta. E. M. Gopalakrishna Kone, Pudumantapam, Madura. Higginbothams (Ltd.), Mount Road, Madras. V. Kalyanarama Iyer & Co., Esplanade, Madras. G. C. Loganatham Brothers, Madras. S. Murthv & Co., Madras. G. A. Natesan & Co., Madras. The Superintendent, Nazair Kanun Hind Press, Allahabad. P. R. Rama Iyer & Co., Madras. D. B. Taraporevala Sons & Co., Bombay. Thacker & Co. (Ltd.), Bombay. Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta. S. Vas & Co., Madras. S.P.C.K. Press, Madras. IN THE UNITED KINGDOM. B. H. Blackwell, 50 and 51, Broad Street, Oxford. Constable & Co., 10, Orange Street, Leicester Square, London, W.C. Deighton, Bell & Co. (Ltd.), Cambridge. \ T. Fisher Unwin (Ltd.), j, Adelphi Terrace, London, W.C. Grindlay & Co., 54, Parliament Street, London, S.W. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. (Ltd.), 68—74, iCarter Lane, London, E.C. and 25, Museum Street, London, W.C. Henry S. King & Co., 65, Cornhill, London, E.C. X P. S. King & Son, 2 and 4, Great Smith Street, Westminster, London, S.W.- Luzac & Co., 46, Great Russell Street, London, W.C. B. Quaritch, 11, Grafton Street, New Bond Street, London, W. W. Thacker & Co.^f*Cre<d Lane, London, E.O? *' Oliver and Boyd, Tweeddale Court, Edinburgh. -
9. Ravana Falls
9. Ravana Falls Man toils and moils for feeding his belly. He sweats and struggles for education but fails to be happy. Why should humans be steeped in sorrow like this? Would not the Lord help if only you pray sincerely? Embodiments of Love! Truth, righteousness, peace, and love constitute the foundation of the scriptures, the essence of all re- ligions, the destination of all paths, and the essence of all essences. Man indulges in finding fault with others, oblivious to his own flaws. The cause for this can be traced to his materialistic tendencies. Man is made of Atma (Self) and anatma (non-self), shariram (body) and shariri (embodied one), kshetra (field) and kshetra- jna (knower of the field), and sthira (permanent) and asthira (ephemeral). You cannot find anything else in this Universe except these dualities. The entire world is a play of the pravritti and the nivritti, the outward and inward. Body (kshetra) and matter belong to the realm of pravritti whereas Atma, consciousness, the embodied one, belongs to the realm of nivritti. Even the Avatars are subject to pravritti, since they have to assume a human body. Rama was no exception to it. Though He was the Om- nipotent and the Omniscient One, since He had as- 102 Summer Showers in Brindavan 1996 sumed the human body, He had to behave as if He too was under the spell of illusion. Ravana beheaded Rama prepared himself to battle with Ravana. Ravana had lost everybody, including his son Indrajit, his brother Kumbhakarna, and a host of others. Now, Ravana alone was left as a relic of Lanka. -
Sugriva's Role in Ramayana
ROLES IN RAMAYANA HANUMAN’S ROLE IN RAMAYANA Hanuman's role in the battle between Rama and Ravana is huge. He is the one who flies cross the oceans (he is Wind's child), locates the exact place where Sita is imprisoned and brings this information back to Rama. While within the demon fort on his quest for Sita, he sets the entire place on fire and warns Ravana about an impending attack unless Sita is returned unharmed. During the Rama-Ravana battle, Hanuman not only kills several demon generals but also brings Rama's brother back to life. How does he do that? Well, it so happens that Rama's brother is mortally wounded by Ravana's son, and the monkey-army-physician opines that the only things that can save the life of the younger prince are four specific herbs that grow on the Himalayan slopes. The catch? The battle is raging on in Lanka, across the southernmost tip of the country while the Himalayas are far up north, and the herbs are needed within the next few hours, before the new day dawns. Hanuman leaps up into the air, flies northwards at lightning speed, and alights atop the Himalayas. This is where things start to become confusing: the monkey- physician had said that medicine herbs glow in their own light and that it should be easy, therefore, to spot them. What Hanuman sees, however, is an entire mountain aglow with herbs of all kinds, each emitting its own peculiar light. Being unable to identify the exact four herbs that the physician had described, Hanuman uproots the entire mountain and carries it back to the battlefield. -
Ramakatha Rasavahini II 7 Preface for This Edition 8 This Book 9 the Inner Meaning 11 Chapter 1
Ramakatha Rasavahini II Stream of Sacred Sweetness Sathya Sai Baba Contents Ramakatha Rasavahini II 7 Preface for this Edition 8 This Book 9 The Inner Meaning 11 Chapter 1. The Dandaka Forest 12 The fool Jayanta 12 A visit to the sage Athri’s hermitage 12 A stay at a beautiful hermitage 13 An encounter with Viradha, the ogre 14 Sarabhanga immolates himself 14 Sutheekshna adores Rama 15 On to Agastya’s ashram 16 Agastya asks not to be deluded into egotism 17 The story of the curse on Dandaka Forest 18 On to Dandaka Forest 18 Chapter 2. Panchavati 20 Lakshmana’s sense of duty 20 Rama constantly has visitors 21 Rama discourses on spiritual matters 22 Surpanakha falls for Lakshmana 23 Surpanakha is punished 24 The demons want revenge 25 The demons kill each other! 26 Ascetic sages visit Rama 27 Ravana hears Surpanakha’s story 28 Chapter 3. The Wily Villain 30 The thoughts of Ravana and Vibhishana 30 Ravana enlists Maricha’s help 30 Rama and Sita discuss their plans 31 The deer entices the brothers 32 Rama stalks and kills the deer 33 Caught between two loyalties 34 Sita is kidnapped! 35 Jatayu tries to save Sita 35 The brothers lament Sita’s disappearance 36 Lakshmana realizes the truth 37 Rama assents 38 Study the Ramayana closely! 39 Jatayu tells them what he knows 39 Ajamukhi loses her limbs 40 Rama kills Kabanda 40 Sabari tells her story 41 Rama admires devotion 42 Sabari tells what she knows 43 Chapter 4. An Ally Accepted 45 Hanuman meets the brothers 45 The brothers meet Sugriva 46 Lakshmana identifies some of the jewels 47 Sugriva tells his story 47 The story of the curse on Vali 49 Rama exhibits his power 50 Sugriva pours out his feelings 51 The battle between Vali and Sugriva 52 Rama kills His devotee, Vali 54 Rama consoles Tara 56 The search for Sita is delayed by weather 57 Chapter 5. -
Prince Rama and the Monkey King
Prince Rama and the Monkey King Teacher Guide Grades K – 6 About the Artists BOXTALES THEATRE COMPANY uses masks, movement, storytelling and live music to presents myths and folklore from around the world. The performers combine their diverse talents to create a professional, high energy, highly interactive theatrical experience for youth and family audiences. BOXTALES employs the disciplines of storytelling, masks, various movement styles including AcroYoga, and music to breathe life into world mythology and folklore. Objectives To introduce students to one of the world’s greatest epics, the Rāmāyana. To encourage students to seek out and read more mythology and folklore from all over the world. To help develop creative imagination. To introduce the importance of oral tradition and theatre as an educational tool. To present stories that will help raise self-esteem and teach important lessons. To encourage students to identify character traits, attitudes, and situations existing in the story as well as in our contemporary society. Preparation of the Program Myth has played a very significant role in the development of civilization. Through the development of myths mankind has been able to pass down from generation to generation the history and beliefs of early ancestors, and teach us how to live a better life. This kind of material can also be found in dogmatic text, but this has traditionally been the study of clergy and intellectuals. Through the ages the most effective forms of this “wisdom” for the general populous have been narrative and allegorical in nature. The ancient art of myth transforms us by helping us to turn the meaninglessness of existence into the meaningfulness of life. -
Sri Rama Navami
Sri Rama Navami On Chaitra Sukla Navami (the ninth day of the bright half of Chaitra) 'Sree Ramanavami' is celebrated. Sree Rama was born on this day and years later on the same day Rama married Sita. 'Sree Sitarama Kalyana Mahotsav' (wedding) is performed in the abode Sitarama Temple, Bhadrachalam, Khammam District, Andhra Pradesh with great tradition and Bhakti. On behalf of Andhra Pradesh Government, Chief Minister with his wife visits the Kalyana Mahotsav and offers Silk Clothes and Pearls as Talambralu (auspicious) to the God and Goddess. The whole of this celebration is telecasted live in Doordarshan. "Wherever four Hindus live, Rama and Sita will be there" so said Swami Vivekananda, one of the foremost harbingers of modern national renaissance of Bharat. The reverse also is equally true - wherever Rama and Sita live, the people there will remain and live as Hindus. Every hill and rivulet of Bharat bears the imprint of the holy feet of Rama and Sita. Sri Rama reigns supreme to this day in the hearts of our people, cutting across all barriers of province, language, caste or sect. Even the tribes living in isolated valleys and jungles have names like Mitti-Ram and Patthar-Ram. In some other tribes, every name carries the proud suffix of Ram, such as Lutthu Ram, Jagadev Ram, etc. In many northern parts of Bharat mutual greetings take the form of Jay Ramjee Ki. Sri Rama has become so much identified with all the good and great and virile qualities of heroic manhood that expressions such as 'Us me Ram nahi hai' (there is no Rama in him) - meaning that a person has lost all manliness and worth - have become common usage. -
Ramakatha Rasavahini II 7 Preface for This Edition 8 This Book 9 the Inner Meaning 11 Chapter 1
Contents Ramakatha Rasavahini II 7 Preface for this Edition 8 This Book 9 The Inner Meaning 11 Chapter 1. The Dandaka Forest 12 The fool Jayanta 12 A visit to the sage Athri’s hermitage 12 A stay at a beautiful hermitage 13 An encounter with Viradha, the ogre 14 Sarabhanga immolates himself 14 Sutheekshna adores Rama 15 On to Agastya’s ashram 16 Agastya asks not to be deluded into egotism 17 The story of the curse on Dandaka Forest 18 On to Dandaka Forest 18 Chapter 2. Panchavati 20 Lakshmana’s sense of duty 20 Rama constantly has visitors 21 Rama discourses on spiritual matters 22 Surpanakha falls for Lakshmana 23 Surpanakha is punished 24 The demons want revenge 25 The demons kill each other! 26 Ascetic sages visit Rama 27 Ravana hears Surpanakha’s story 28 Chapter 3. The Wily Villain 30 The thoughts of Ravana and Vibhishana 30 Ravana enlists Maricha’s help 30 Rama and Sita discuss their plans 31 The deer entices the brothers 32 Rama stalks and kills the deer 33 Caught between two loyalties 34 Sita is kidnapped! 35 Jatayu tries to save Sita 35 The brothers lament Sita’s disappearance 36 Lakshmana realizes the truth 37 Rama assents 38 Study the Ramayana closely! 39 Jatayu tells them what he knows 39 Ajamukhi loses her limbs 40 Rama kills Kabanda 40 Sabari tells her story 41 Rama admires devotion 42 Sabari tells what she knows 43 Chapter 4. An Ally Accepted 45 Ramakatha Rasavahini II Contents 3 Hanuman meets the brothers 45 The brothers meet Sugriva 46 Lakshmana identifies some of the jewels 47 Sugriva tells his story 47 The story of the curse on Vali 49 Rama exhibits his power 50 Sugriva pours out his feelings 51 The battle between Vali and Sugriva 52 Rama kills His devotee, Vali 54 Rama consoles Tara 56 The search for Sita is delayed by weather 57 Chapter 5. -
Year II-Chap.3-RAMAYANA
CHAPTER THREE Rama, Sita, Lakshmana and Hanuman in RAMAYANA Year II Chapter 3-RAMAYANA THE RAMAYANA Introduction Valmiki is known as Adi Kabi, the first poet. He wrote an epic in Sanskrit, the Ramayana, which depicts the life of Rama, the hero of the story. Sage Narada narrated the story of Rama to Valmiki. Ramayana is divided into the following: o Balakanda (Book of Youth) - Boyhood of Rama, o Ayodhya Kanda (Book of Ayodhya) - Life in Ayodhya after Rama and Sita’s wedding, o Aranya Kanda (Book of Forest) – Rama’s forest life and abduction of Sita by Ravana, o Kishkindha Kanda (Book of Holy Monkey Empire) – Rama’s stay in Kishkindha after meeting Hanuman and Sugriva, o Sundara Kanda (Book of Beauty) – Hanuman’s Prank-locating Sita in Ashoka grove, and o Yuddha Kanda (Book of War) – Rama’s victory over Ravana in the war and Rama’s coronation. The period after coronation of Rama is considered in the last book - Uttara Kanda. The feature story Dasaratha was the king of Kosala, an ancient kingdom that was located in present day Uttar Pradesh. Ayodhya was its capital- located on the banks of the river Sarayu. Dasaratha was loved by one and all. His subjects were happy and his kingdom was prosperous. Even though Dasaratha had everything that he desired, he was very sad at heart; he had no children. During the same time, there lived a powerful Rakshasa (demon) king in the island of Sri Lanka (Ceylon), located just south of India. He was called Ravana. He had ten heads. -
The Ramayana: India's Odyssey
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 355 518 CS 213 715 AUTHOR Fuchs, Gaynell M.; Lynn, Thomas J. TITLE The Ramayana: India's Odyssey. PUB DATE Nov 92 NOTE 80p.; Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the National Council of Teachers of English (82nd, Louisville, KY, November 18-23, 1992). Excerpts from the "Ramayana" are taking from the University of California Press Edition, edited by William Buck. PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Use Teaching Guides (For Teacher) (052) Speeches/Conference Papers (150) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC04 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Asian Studies; Class Activities; Elementary Secondary Education; English Curriculum; *English Instruction; Foreign Countries; *Indians; Literary Criticism; *Literature Appreciation; *Multicultural Education; Teaching Methods IDENTIFIERS *India; Odyssey; *Ramayana ABSTRACT This curriculum guide demonstrates how the "Ramayana," one of India's epic literary treasures, can be used ina literature unit in English classes for ninth-grade students. The unit incorporates a useful comparison to the Greek epic, the "Odyssey." Included in this curriculum guide are the following sections: the text (an English version of the Ramayana); a map; notes to accompany the text; notes to the teacher; teaching the "Odyessey" and the "Ramayana"; "Cultural values embodied by characters in the "Ramayana" and the "Odyssey": a comparative analysis): (by Thomas J. Lynn); guide questions for the "Ramayana"; vocabulary (English words requiring definition); assignments for the unit (including writing topics, telling the story to others, and composition topics); similes, metaphors, and personifications in the "Ramayana "; a test for the "Ramayana" unit; and some cut-outs which can be used to create Ramayana dolls. (HB) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. -
8. the Supreme Devotion of Vib- Hishana
8. The Supreme Devotion of Vib- hishana When divine feelings do not surge in the heart, Man becomes infected with two flaws. He conceals his countless blunders, and He criticises even minor mistakes of others. Embodiments of Love, The portraits of two personalities are very strik- ing in the Ramayana. They are those of Sugriva and Vibhishana. Vibhishana went in quest of Rama, while Rama Himself went in search of Sugriva. Sugriva real- ised Rama’s greatness and goodness only after meet- ing Him, while Vibhishana knew of Rama’s excellence even before he met Him. The Kurukshetra war lasted for eighteen days, but the war between Rama and Ravana lasted for sev- enty-five days. Though the warfare, in a physical sense, lasted for seventy-five days at Lanka, the inner war between Rama and Ravana, the Pandavas and the Kauravas, truth and untruth, and righteousness and unrighteousness is being fought endlessly in the hu- man heart. No one can tell for certain when the conflict and the clash between the positive and the negative forces will come to an end. It is not possible for everyone to understand Di- vinity. The one who misappropriates the wife of an- other and the one who mocks the noble ones can never Sumer Showers in Brindavan 1996 93 understand Divinity. Only those who are pure and compassionate can hope to understand Divinity. Vibhishana’s gift Indrajit, the eldest son of Ravana, was bent upon burning Rama to ashes by performing certain sacrifices and rituals. The magic tricks employed by Indrajit wrought much havoc and confusion amongst Rama’s army. -
RAMAYANA Retold by C
RAMAYANA retold by C. Rajagopalachari (Edited by Jay Mazo, American Gita Society) Contents 1. The Conception 39. A Second Father Dies 2. Sage Viswamitra 40. Left Eyelids Throb 3. Trisanku 41. He Sees Her Jewels 4. Rama Leaves Home 42. Sugriva's Doubts Cleared 5. Rama Slays The Monsters 43. The Slaying Of Vali 6. Sita 44. Tara's Grief 7. Bhagiratha And The Story Of 45. Anger And Reconciliation Ganga 46. The Search Begins 8. Ahalya 47. Son Of Vayu 9. Rama Wins Sita's Hand 48. The Search In Lanka 10. Parasurama's Discomfiture 49. Sita In The Asoka Park 11. Festive Preparations 50. Ravana's Solicitation 12. Manthara's Evil Counsel 51. First Among The Astute 13. Kaikeyi Succumbs 52. Sita Comforted 14. Wife Or Demon? 53. Sita And Hanuman 15. Behold A Wonder! 54. Inviting Battle 16. Storm And Calm 55. The Terrible Envoy 17. Sita's Resolve 56. Hanuman Bound 18. To The Forest 57. Lanka In Flames 19. Alone By Themselves 58. A Carnival 20. Chitrakuta 59. The Tidings Conveyed 21. A Mother's Grief 60. The Army Moves Forward 22. Idle Sport And Terrible Result 61. Anxiety In Lanka 23. Last Moments 62. Ravana Calls A Council Again 24. Bharata Arrives 63. Vibhishana 25. Intrigue wasted 64. The Vanara's Doubt 26. Bharata Suspected 65. Doctrine Of Surrender And Grace 27. The Brothers Meet 66. The Great Causeway 28. Bharata Becomes Rama's Deputy 67. The Battle Begins 29. Viradha's End 68. Sita's Joy 30. Ten Years Pass 69. Serpent Darts 31. -
Ramamurthy, Priti, Ed. Spotlight on Ramayana
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 426 010 SO 029 230 AUTHOR Wadley, Susan, Ed.; Ramamurthy, Priti, Ed. TITLE Spotlight on Ramayana: An Enduring Tradition. INSTITUTION American Forum for Global Education, New York, NY. SPONS AGENCY Collaborative for Humanities and Arts Teaching.; National Endowment for the Humanities (NFAH), Washington, DC. ISBN ISBN-09-44675-54-9 PUB DATE 1995-00-00 NOTE 368p.; Funding also provided by CHART, Collaboratives for Humanities and Arts Teaching. AVAILABLE FROM The American Forum for Global Education, 120 Wall Street, New York, NY 10005; (Tel: 212-742-8232; Fax: 212-742-8752; e-mail: [email protected] ($40, based on numbers for quantity). PUB TYPE Guides Non-Classroom (055) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC15 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Foreign Countries; *Indians; *Instructional Materials; Literature; Multicultural Education; *Non Western Civilization; Secondary Education; Social Studies IDENTIFIERS *India; *Ramayana ABSTRACT This collection of lessons was developed by teachers in an institute focusing on teaching about India and the Ramayana. Essays providing background information are "The Oral Tradition and the Many 'Ramayanas'" (Philip Lutgendorf) and "Bringing Ramayana into the Classroom" (Hazel Sara Greenberg) .After an introduction by Susan Wadley, a Ramayana glossary, a piece called "The Ramayana! A 'Telling' of the Ancient Indian Epic," and maps of India, the sections include: (1) "How is Ramayana Part of the Great Storytelling Tradition?"; (2) "To What Extent Does Ramayana Introduce India and Its Culture?"; (3) "To What Degree Does Ramayana Help Us Comprehend Hindu Values and Religion?"; (4) "How Can Ramayana Help Us Gain an Understanding of Hindu Rituals?"; and (5)"How Does Ramayana Reflect Change Over Time and Space?" There are 25 units with lessons throughout the five sections.