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APRIL ONLINE 2 0 1 8 www.consmag.com Evaluation on Sustainability of Urban Logistics Planning: Case of One Belt One Road Project, Thailand www.consmag.com CONS-MAGAZINE www.consmag.com 1 บทความพิเศษ เรื่อง/ภาพ : รองศาสตราจารย์ ดร.ระหัตร โรจนประดิษฐ์, Google โครงการ One Belt One Road ของประเทศจีน เป็นโครงการระดับโลกที่แผ่เครือข่าย ไปทั่วเอเชีย ทั้งในรูปแบบของ Formal and Informal Corporations ประเทศไทยก็เป็น ประเทศหนึ่งที่เกี่ยวข้องกับโครงการนี้ และสามารถกล่าวได้ว่า มีความส�าคัญเป็นหัวใจของ เส้นทางสายไหมในยุคโลกาภิวัฒน์ คือ “โครงการคลองไทย” ดังปรากฏการเผยแพร่ออกสู่ สาธารณะในหลายรูปแบบแล้ว (CONS July 2017 - บทความพิเศษ OBOR) ด้วยวิสัยทัศน์ของผู้อ�านวยการหลักสูตรวิทยาการจัดการโลจิสติกส์และซัพพลายเชน จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย ท�าให้หลักสูตรฯตอบรับความร่วมมือกับมหาวิทยาลัยนานาชาติ ที่มีมหาวิทยาลัยประเทศจีนเป็นเจ้าภาพ เข้าร่วมกิจกรรมการประชุมนานาชาติ Belt & Road Initiative (BRI) Conference ด้วยวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อปกป้องผลประโยชน์ของประเทศชาติ เพราะ ทราบดีว่ากิจการคลองไทยที่มีประเทศมหาอ�านาจต้องการบริหารจัดการแบบเบ็ดเสร็จนั้น จะสร้างปัญหาแก่ประเทศไทยมากมายเพียงใดหากไม่มีการป้องกันอย่างรอบคอบรัดกุม แม้จะไม่ต้องการให้เกิดโครงการ Mega Project Thai Canal ในลักษณะเช่นนี้ แต่ประเทศไทย จะต้านทานได้นานเพียงใด รวมทั้งจะแก้ปัญหาการแสวงหาอาณานิคมยุคใหม่ของสอง มหาอ�านาจปัจจุบันครั้งนี้ได้อย่างไร เช่นเดียวกับปัญหาที่เคยเกิดขึ้นกับคลองคอดกระในอดีต รองศาสตราจารย์ ดร. ระหัตร โรจนประดิษฐ์ ปริญญาตรี สถาปัตยกรรมหลัก, ปริญญาโท การวางแผนภาคและเมือง จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย และ ปริญญาเอก การออกแบบชุมชนเมือง Joint Centre for Urban Design, Oxford Brookes University, United Kingdom ปัจจุบันด�ารงต�าแหน่ง ประธานหลักสูตร การออกแบบชุมชนเมือง คณะสถาปัตยกรรมศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย และรองผู้อ�านวยการ หลักสูตรวิทยาศาสตร์มหาบัณฑิต สาขาวิชาการจัด การโลจิสติกส์ ดุษฎีบัณฑิต และมหาบัณฑิต จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย CONS-MAGAZINE www.consmag.com 2 www.consmag.com สมัยพระบาทสมเด็จพระจุลจอมเกล้า - Ocean College, Zhejiang University เจ้าอยู่หัวที่เคยทรงแก้ไขปัญหานี้กรณี China “อังกฤษ-ฝรั่งเศส” มาแล้ว ดังนั้นเราจ�าเป็น - RMIT University Vietnam Vietnam ต้องเข้ารับรู้ยุทธศาสตร์ทางวิชาการ เพราะ - Inha University Korea เรื่องนี้เป็นช่องทางหนึ่งที่รัฐบาลจีนมักจะ - RMIT University, Australia ใช้ในการสร้างเครือข่ายความร่วมมือทาง - 24-26 June 2018 Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam วิชาการ ที่จะขยายกลายเป็นพื้นฐานการ หลักสูตรฯจึงได้ส่ง Academic เข้าถึงความร่วมมือระดับรัฐบาลต่อไปใน Research เรื่อง Evaluation on Sustain- อนาคต ability of Urban Logistics Planning: ในครั้งนี้มหาวิทยาลัยของประเทศ Case of One Belt One Road Project, จีนเป็นเจ้าภาพจัดการประชุมทางวิชาการ Thailand ในวัตถุประสงค์ที่ว่า “หากจะมี เรื่อง Belt & Road Initiative (BRI) การขุดคลองไทย ตามยุทธศาสตร์ One Belt Conference 2018: International One Road ของประเทศจีนแล้ว Location, Conference on Connectivity in Asia: Characteristics, Rule & Regulation etc. Trade, Transport, Logistics and Business ของคลองไทยจะเป็นอย่างไร จะต้องรักษา ด้วยความร่วมมือของ the Asian Logistics กฎเกณฑ์ของประเทศไทยอย่างไรที่จะ Round Table (ALRT) ที่หลักสูตรฯเป็น ไม่ท�าลายสภาพเศรษฐกิจ สังคม ชุมชน สมาชิกด้วย https://www.rmit.edu.vn/ สิ่งแวดล้อม ความมั่นคงและผลประโยชน์ belt-road-initiative-bri-conference ของประเทศไทย” ดังแสดงตัวอย่างต่อไปนี้ www.consmag.com CONS-MAGAZINE www.consmag.com 3 effects of environment and social communities by Sea Evaluation on Freight Traffic. At present, Thai Government has pro- Sustainability of moted situation of Logistics HUB to Thailand, as Sea Air and Land Logistics Trans- Urban Logistics portation (SEAL). Many sea freight routes both Planning: Thai and foreigners come to our country. The Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Case of Coastal are the attractive sea logistics destinations, which One Belt One Road made economic profit and urban development along Project, Thailand these coats, at the same time sea traffic congestion, sea resource, communities and environments are Introduction disturbed. Thus in term of green logistics perception, it needs to This paper aims to under- prevent and solve these problems. standing key issues of configuration logistics perception of One Belt One Logistics and Supply Chain Road (OBOR) Project in case of its Management Program, Chulalongkorn evolution and effectiveness which University is one organization which it’s passing the precincts of Thailand. interested in these complication Thailand is located between South problems, without effective knowledge China Sea and Andaman Sea in and high technology of logistics Southeast Asia Region, which are and supply chain management suitable location and surrounded with and urban planning, this canal plenty of Asian sea logistics routes. route of One Belt One Road (OBOR) With the high economic growth and could made serious problems to potential of logistics procedure, at social communities and environment the same time, there are many areas and it will not be successful. CONS-MAGAZINE www.consmag.com 4 www.consmag.com Figure 1: The Freight Routes in One Belt One Road (OBOR) Project Figure 2: Thailand Sea Freight Routes in One Belt One Road (OBOR) Project www.consmag.com CONS-MAGAZINE www.consmag.com 5 Location Analysis cities in the Asian context. The potential is there, and it requires only for Port and Industrial the national will and determination to Potential 5 sections make the developing project a practical reality. Such an urbanization process Such is the Ranong port, now with environment consideration can in the process of development and only be viable or successfully expansion. In reality, therefore, it can implemented with the over-all be regarded as an important gateway support of the following essential or or link between countries in the vital service network: environmental east and those in the west. With the planning, transportation integration-road combined working efforts and and rail, essential services like strategies and planning both from education, health-care services, all of the private as well as the government which constitute a firm supporting sectors, and the necessary infrastructure base or foundation for the successful provided. The port city exemplified evolution of a prosperous and vibrant in the Ranong project can be further port city. These concepts and principles developed and expanded to enable form the main body of discussion or it to become one of the leading port deliberations in this research. Figure 3: Ranong Survey in 5 sections CONS-MAGAZINE www.consmag.com 6 www.consmag.com Figure 4: Ranong Survey in Section 1 Figure 5: Ranong Survey in Section 2 www.consmag.com CONS-MAGAZINE www.consmag.com 7 Figure 6: Ranong Survey in Section 3 Figure 7: Ranong Survey in Section 4 CONS-MAGAZINE www.consmag.com 8 www.consmag.com Figure 8: Ranong Survey in Section 5 Port City Planning and Design Program analysis in Port Planning: (case study of Bangkok Port 2015) Cargo throughput 1,300,000 TEUs / year Ship passing through 2,550 Vessels / year Figure 9: Survey Thai Canal Route 4006 www.consmag.com CONS-MAGAZINE www.consmag.com 9 Figure 10: Thai Canal Proposed Model Figure 11: Thai Canal City Proposed Model CONS-MAGAZINE www.consmag.com 10 www.consmag.com Figure 12: Thai Canal Port Proposed Model The research outlines the The conclusion pertaining to the summary of the main conclusions of ambitious port city development program port city environmental planning, and are valid if we take into consideration the port and city relationships. The the urban environmental ideal geographic characteristics, which are embodied and strategic position in the in the environmental guidance, form the basis of discussion in respect of urban planning and design, and they Urban Logistics determine the main guidelines formulated for the port city strategy. Planning Guideline The findings based on relevant data from Workshop and reliable and accurate information sources in respect of world-wide Thai Canal will become the port operation systems outlined in new economic sea route in Asia, will this chapter can be considered as an derive many economic advantages adequate and accurate representation and the nation will generate enormous of what port city can hope to achieve revenue for country. Thai Canal in term of the modern urbanization opponents have raised several process currently being implemented. objections to the construction of a canal: www.consmag.com CONS-MAGAZINE www.consmag.com 11 1. Environmental concerns and objectives are aimed at preventing and the excavated soil will need to be dealt. minimizing pollution from ships - both 2. The canal will divide the accidental pollution and that from country physically and pose a security routine operations. risk. It is feared that a canal would 2. Safety for operation and separate the four southern-most controlling, which are deal with provinces from the rest of Thailand the vessels standards including the and allow secessionist movements to equipment in the vessels are depend further develop on the standards’ manual and ship 3. The millions foreign workers registration legally. The main objective will migrate to the country which is to specify minimum standards for might take over all the job from Thai the construction, equipment and workers. operation of ships, compatible with The purpose of the research their safety. And Flag States are studied the related issues such as: responsible for ensuring that ships under 1. The significant impact to their flag comply with its requirements. Thailand from digging Thai Canal. 3. Human resources management 2. Economic and Political was the main point to improve all aspects will have studied how to create of procedures and regulation all of defensive measure in order to
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    CSS | ARTICLE THE KRA OF ISTHMUS Sagar N1* INTRODUCTION The Kra Canal is over three hundred years old, proposed to be approximately a hundred and twenty-kilometer canal, with an idea of connecting the Gulf of Thailand with the Andaman Sea by bypassing the Strait of Malacca. The canal would eventually connect the Pacific and Indian Oceans by reducing the travel distance of nearly 1200km and a time of two to three days. Ever since its inception the project has been revived and reassessed multiple times only to be either postponed or to conduct further feasibility studies. The project has resurfaced again in recent times, largely due to the increased Chinese influence in the region and the Communist regime is keen on completing the project to solve their “Malacca Dilemma”. The canal would create a cheaper route between the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea by surpassing the overcrowded and ‘pirate-infested’ Strait of Malacca1, but China’s Belt and Road initiative (BRI) and its attempt to encircle India with the ‘String of Pearls’ strategy has the regional powers vexed despite the canal’s economic advantage. Out of all the Beijing’s infrastructural projects under the BRI, the Kra project is considered to be the most ambitious because it allows China’s People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) to travel from the militarized South China Sea to the Indian Ocean without having to travel through the Malacca strait, thus making the canal not just economical asset but a strategic asset as well. The proposed Canal route is known as The Line 9A, which is 30-metre deep and 400-metre wide connecting Songkhla on the Gulf of Thailand and Krabi in Andaman sea and passing through the southern provinces Trang, Phatthalung and Nakonsi Thammarat.
  • What Will Thailand Benefit from the Thai Canal Project?

    What Will Thailand Benefit from the Thai Canal Project?

    What will Thailand benefit from the Thai Canal project? Article by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Satapon Keovimol BSIE. (University of Oklahoma) MSIE. (New Jersey Institute of Technology) Dr.Ing. (Universite De Nice) France Faculty of Engineering. King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology North Bangkok Advisor of the Special Committee for Studying Thai-Canal Project of the Senate Advisor of the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights of the Senate The Thai Canal will be a global canal when built. The Thai Canal will be an economical flagship for a secure country. Thailand is in south East Asia and is in between countries that total to 2 in 3 of the world population, which is around 6,200 Mil. Thailand geographically blocks the path to southern Asia, so if Thailand builds a canal (The Thai Canal) it would be a new route for ships that will shorten the trip. It means that Thailand is on a prime position on the globe. When ships flow through, it will be like the current or foreign cash flow going through the country, or in other words. It will bring US. Dollars into Thailand. The maximum benefit that we will receive is up to Thailand's abilities and imagination to reap from this lucky opportunity. No other country in the world has this unique geographic attribute to create a canal in the world route of ships, from the Thai coast in the east to the Andaman coast in the west. Picture 1 World Map, Displaying the location of the Thai Canal Thailand is geographically on the world sea route, freight ships from the west on the Andaman coast are ships from Europe and the Middle East traveling to countries on the Thai Coast in the east side of Thailand such as Cambodia, Vietnam, China, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, Taiwan.
  • Thai Canal and Malacca Straits: Scientific Platform Complementing Or Competing Stratagem for Trade Development in South East Asia

    Thai Canal and Malacca Straits: Scientific Platform Complementing Or Competing Stratagem for Trade Development in South East Asia

    Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics journal home page: https://jsdtl.sciview.net Jeevan, J., Salleh, N. H. M., & Othman, M. R. (2018). Thai Canal and Malacca straits: Scientific Platform Complementing or competing stratagem for trade development in South East Asia. Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics, 3(2), 34-48. doi:10.14254/jsdtl.2018.3-2.2. ISSN 2520-2979 Thai Canal and Malacca straits: Complementing or competing stratagem for trade development in South East Asia Jagan Jeevan , Nurul Haqimin Mohd Salleh , Mohamad Rosni Othman Universiti Malaysia Terengganu 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia Malaysian Logistics & Transport Centre (Maltrac), School of Maritime Business and Management Abstract: About 94.8 per cent of Malaysian trade is depending on collective inter/intra-regional maritime networks. Straits of Malacca is an important strait and the only strait that connecting Article history: Indian Ocean and South China Sea which contributes to the Received: June 29, 2018 nation’s economic growth significantly. This strait plays a key 1st Revision: August 5, 2018 character to enable the trade connection between east and west of Accepted: October 19, 2018 the globe. In average, about 63,000 different types of vessels passing through the strait per year and the number of the vessels keep accelerating every year. Conversely, the introduction of Thai DOI: Canal to detour the trade voyage between Indian Ocean to South 10.14254/jsdtl.2018.3-2.2 China Sea is expecting to reduce about three to four days journey time between these two passages. Although the development of this canal is predicted to provide substantial benefits to shipping lines, the grey area or disadvantages change to implications of this canal need to be explored especially on Malaysian trade and infrastructure.
  • A Descriptive Method for Analysing the Kra Canal Decision on Maritime

    A Descriptive Method for Analysing the Kra Canal Decision on Maritime

    Abdul Rahman et al. Journal of Shipping and Trade (2016) 1:13 Journal of Shipping DOI 10.1186/s41072-016-0016-0 and Trade ORIGINALARTICLE Open Access A descriptive method for analysing the Kra Canal decision on maritime business patterns in Malaysia Noorul Shaiful Fitri Abdul Rahman1*, Nurul Haqimin Mohd Salleh1, Ahmad Fayas Ahmad Najib1 and Venus Y. H. Lun2 * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract 1Department of Maritime Management, School of Maritime The Kra Canal issue has widely been discussed by maritime players, such as policy Business and Management, makers, regulators, and shipping and port operators. It seems that the idea of Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, developing the Kra Canal is most welcome due to the great savings in costs, Terengganu, Malaysia Full list of author information is higher levels of safety and shortened distance compared to the journey via available at the end of the article the Strait of Malacca. This phenomenon will most likely challenge the current maritime business activities in Malaysia because the total foreign going ships that call at the main ports are expected to be reduced. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to study the possible implications of the Kra Canal decision on the changes in maritime business patterns in Malaysia by focussing on the geographical aspects and logistics distribution. A descriptive analysis method will be used together with the PESTLES analysis in addressing the research objective. Finally, the positive and negative implications of the issue discussed are highlighted. Also, future maritime business strategies are proposed after taking into consideration the reshaping of the economies because of the accessibility of this new maritime route.