Myth Busters

was even told “VFR not recommended” minimums were more likely to fly from Flight Service Station – but, into IMC. Also, can you tell when the despite low ceiling and visibility weather is approaching minimums? reports, they continued anyway. Researchers discovered that many to initiate or continue VFR flight into pilots fly into IMC because of their pilots – our accident pilot fits the adverse weather. I, and other safety Never stop learning about weather. inability to determine when they are profile – but an AOPA study also specialists, have spent most of our Take a weather course and practice in or nearing it. found that more than a third careers trying to figure out why. what you’ve learned by making involved pilots with more than 1,000 What we’ve learned is that it’s not rule-of-thumb predictions based on Your personal minimums, however, hours of flight time. just the adverse weather that traps us existing weather conditions to become are only as good as your resolve to

– it’s our own fallible human what every successful pilot is – an adhere to them. The At least four of the accidents since condition. The following are some amateur weather forecaster. You will pilot-rated-passenger in the Cessna 2010 have occurred in Idaho, all of strategies to help you overcome some then get better at recognizing the signs 310 contacted the Vero Beach Airport them leaving no survivors. Unlike of these human limitations. of deteriorating weather, both by tower and advised that they were the Florida accident, all occurred in out-the-window observations and by “scud running up the coast” at 500 mountainous terrain – a treacherous Get a weather briefing. The more accurately interpreting aviation feet to Sebastian Municipal Airport. combination when mixed with you get, the more knowledgeable you weather reports and forecasts. weather. Moisture-laden Pacific air will become about weather. Learn to Don’t get caught in the dark. At least arriving over the Western mountains recognize the signs of deteriorating Comply with your personal weather one of the Idaho accidents occurred reduces ceilings and visibilities, weather by accurately interpreting limits. VFR-into-IMC accidents have at night. You’ve heard the old adage: severely limiting options for VFR METARs, TAFs and FAs. Obtain occurred in weather conditions that flying in the day is no different than pilots. Too many have met their fate advisories on a regular basis from were higher than legal VFR flying at night, except you can’t see while scud running at low altitudes Flight Watch to ascertain any changes minimums. Yours, therefore, should anything! That’s why your personal below the clouds. Several have in the weather ahead. Of course, be well above FAA regulatory weather minimums must be ventured into box canyons with briefings and updates are pointless if minimums – especially if you are an terrain that rises steeper than their you don’t heed their warnings. The inexperienced pilot. A multi-national aircraft can climb, or into narrow pilot-rated passenger in the Cessna study confirmed that VFR pilots with canyons with insufficient room to 310 obtained them several times – he the most liberal personal weather conduct a 180-degree turn.

The fact remains that these pilots made a choice – either by active deliberation or by passive default –

and require the operator to have provided the aircraft are operated “in certified aircraft and pilots, as well as accordance with a community-based operating approval. To date, only two set of safety guidelines and within UAS models (the Scan Eagle and the programming of a nationwide Aerovironment’s Puma) have been community-based organization.” Certificates of Waiver or a UAS for commercial purposes by certified, and they can only fly in the Authorization (COAs) that mandate claiming that you’re operating Arctic. Public entities (federal, state The FAA and the Academy of Model flight rules and timely reports of any according to the Model Aircraft and local governments and public Aeronautics recently signed a accident or incidents. guidelines (below 400 feet, 3 miles universities) may apply for a Certificate first-ever agreement that formalizes a from an airport, away from populated of Waiver or Authorization (COA) working relationship and establishes “The applicants submitted UAS flight areas.) Commercial operations are a partnership for advancing safe manuals with detailed safety only authorized on a case-by-case The FAA reviews and approves UAS model UAS operations. This procedures that were a key factor in basis. A commercial flight requires a operations over densely-populated agreement also lays the ground work our approval of their requests,” said certified aircraft, a licensed pilot and areas on a case-by-case basis. for enacting the model aircraft FAA Administrator Michael Huerta. operating approval. provisions of Public Law 112-95, Sec “We are thoroughly satisfied these Flying model aircraft solely for hobby 336. Modelers operating under the operations will not pose a hazard to Myth #3: Commercial UAS or recreational reasons does not provisions of P.L. 112-95, Sec 336 other aircraft or to people and operations are a “gray area” in require FAA approval. However, must comply with the safety property on the ground.” FAA regulations. hobbyists are advised to operate their guidelines of a nationwide Fact–There are no shades of gray in aircraft in accordance with the community-based organization. The Motion Picture Association of FAA regulations. Anyone who wants to agency’s model aircraft guidelines (see America facilitated the exemption fly an aircraft–manned or Advisory Circular 91-57). In the FAA requests on behalf of six members unmanned–in U.S. airspace needs Modernization and and has asked for additional some level of FAA approval. Private Reform Act of 2012 information from a seventh. sector (civil) users can obtain an (Public Law 112-95, experimental airworthiness certificate Sec 336), Congress The FAA encourages other industry to conduct research and development, exempted model associations to work with interested training and flight demonstrations. aircraft from new parties to develop safety manuals and Commercial UAS operations are limited rules or regulations standard operating procedures that will help facilitate similar petitions. As of today, the agency is considering 40 requests for exemptions from other commercial entities.

You can view the FAA’s exemption grants at www.faa.gov/uas/ legislative_programs/section_333/ For more information on the FAA and UAS, go to www.faa.gov/ about/initiatives/uas/

of $85. However, when given a choice weather and is one of many complex unpopular. It take assertiveness mixed Ask for help. The pilots of the Cessna can help you get through this between a sure loss of $85 and an 85 and unconscious psychological factors with diplomacy to effectively asked Orlando ATC for help; scenario, as long as you maintain percent chance of losing $100, most of that influence our decision to press on communicate your intentions to unfortunately, it was too late. Pilots are aircraft control and your composure. us are risk seeking and will choose the – a condition we call get-home-itis. others, but you have the responsibility reluctant to ask for help, but fessing Also, don’t be more afraid of the significantly higher at night and why chance of losing the $100. If we frame Recent statistics confirm the existence and authority as PIC to do that – don’t up to ATC could save your life. They possible repercussions of requiring you should always fly over our decision in terms of the certain of the last-leg syndrome: most of these let a family member, a friend, a boss, can vector you toward better weather, emergency assistance than the well-lighted areas and at or above gain of landing safely over only a accidents occur on the last leg of a or even a more experienced pilot make give minimum obstacle clearance hazardous weather itself. You will minimum terrain and obstacle chance of successfully making it to our return trip because the desire to get your decisions for you. altitudes, and provide an IFR clearance likely get a follow-up call from the clearance altitudes. destination, we’re more likely to divert home overrides the pilot’s ability to (assuming you’re rated and current) if FAA, but you need to ask yourself to the nearest suitable airport and wait make a sound go/no-go decision. Get an instrument rating. you elect to climb through the cloud which is worse, a talk with the FAA or Recognize you are biased to it out. If we frame it in terms of the Instrument-rated pilots find to avoid a possible CFIT accident. dying in an accident. continue. We are sometimes our own certain losses of unwanted overnight Don’t let someone else fly your themselves in fewer VFR-into-IMC worst enemy. For example, research motel expenses, missed appointments, aircraft. Compared to other GA accidents than their Consider a precautionary landing. If Dale Wilson teaches courses in human conducted by me and my colleague and other inconveniences should we accidents, a greater proportion of non-instrument-rated peers. None of you have waited too late and the factors and risk management at confirmed that most pilots are divert, we’re more likely to continue. VFR-into-IMC accidents carry the four pilots in the Idaho accidents weather is closing in all around you, Central Washington University in unrealistically optimistic: Most VFR passengers aboard – three of the four were instrument-rated. Keeping consider an off-airport landing. It’s not Ellensburg, Washington. You can learn pilots believe they are less likely than While driving late one night on a Idaho accidents did. When other instrument-current and proficient, and without risk, so if you haven’t more about this topic in his new book their fellow pilots to experience a country road, my student noticed his people influence our go/no-go filing IFR whenever the weather looks practiced one in a while, obtain some Managing Risk: Best Practices for VFR-into-IMC accident and believe fuel was near-empty. He wasn’t sure if decisions we are, in effect, no longer questionable, is a sure way to avoid refresher training from an instructor Pilots (available at asa2fly.com), which they’re more capable at avoiding and he would reach a gas station before he flying our airplane – they are! When the hazards of scud running – a who has. Landing in a farmer’s field describes many of the significant successfully flying out of IMC. ran out, and if he turned around he they encountered deteriorating practice responsible for countless could be your best option. threats to safe flight operations, offers knew he would make it to the station weather, it appears the VFR-into-IMC accidents. Shortly after insights into how and why pilots We are sometimes biased in how we he had recently passed. But he less-experienced private pilot flying reporting to approach that they had If you inadvertently find yourself in make errors that exacerbate them, and frame our go/no-go decisions. For struggled with the decision to turn the Cessna 310 deferred to the inadvertently entered IMC, the Cessna the soup, focus on maintaining control provides strategies necessary to example, given a choice between a back because he had too much judgment of his more experienced 310 crashed because of pilot spatial of your aircraft using your flight effectively manage them. sure win of $85 and an 85 percent invested to quit. This entrapment bias commercial pilot passenger in the right disorientation: He was not instruments and perform a 180-degree chance to win a $100, most of us are makes it difficult for pilots to turn seat. To avoid the risk of an accident instrument-rated and had logged only turn. If terrain clearance is a concern, risk averse and will take the sure gain back in the face of deteriorating you must sometimes risk being 3.3 hours of instrument time. climb and declare an emergency. ATC

It is estimated that FOD costs major accumulated while traveling around still one of the deadliest, with a fatality airlines in the United States $26 per flight Idaho’s paved surface airports. Please be rate of almost 90 percent! This is why a From the in aircraft repairs, plus $312 in such sure to check your ramp area, taxiways, recent NTSB Safety Alert warns GA additional indirect costs as flight delays, runways and even your route to and pilots of the dangers of flying in plane changes and fuel inefficiencies. from your aircraft. Bet you’ll find conditions of reduced visual references, something! Pick it up and dispose of it and why they added “hazardous Administrator: By Dan Etter, Out of the three properly before it ends up in a tire, weather” in GA operations to this year’s ITD Division components in this engine, or flight controls. Most Wanted List. Flying at over dispensing color-coded water to applicators contribute 5-10 percent of Aeronautics equation, I think we would 100 kts at 15 check spray patterns for uniform of the total value of the state’s crops. all agree that SHARE is the VFR Flight into IMC: VFR-into-IMC results in controlled feet AGL application. My job was to interview The first ever least utilized. I look at get It Won’t Happen to Me! flight into terrain (CFIT) or, in the case certainly defies the videographer as each aircraft While in Gooding, I had the chance Idaho Aviation better tomorrow as the By Dale Wilson, Professor of of the Cessna 310 pilot in Florida, the common passed over. Even at over 50’ above to visit with the President of the Safety overall aviation community Aviation at CWU spatial disorientation (SD) and profile for the my head, my instinct was to dive for National Agricultural Aviation Standdown becoming more uncontrolled flight into terrain. Most typical Idaho the ditch every time an air tractor Association, Leif Isaacson, of Mud Source: faa.gov in the proposed operations took place in knowledgeable. It’s that Why does a qualified pilot flying a involve relatively low-time private do not need an FAA-issued pilot. But for the zoomed by. Lake, ID. Leif says ag piloting is not Boise on Friday, October 17th. Nearly place where we know more men and women for the faint of heart, and while it can perfectly good Cessna crash into a In a press release dated September 25, certificate of airworthiness 150 pilots gathered to hear from than we used to so that we wooded swamp in Florida, killing himself 2014, U.S. Transportation Secretary based on a finding they do of the Idaho Idaho’s aerial applicators provide a be stressful, those like him thrive on national and local aviation safety do better today and get Agricultural Aviation Association valuable service to our farmers. They the pressure and do their best work and his two passengers? The NTSB says it Anthony Foxx announced that the not pose a threat to national experts on topics pertaining to better in the days to follow. was because of his “improper decision to Federal Aviation Administration airspace users or national (IAAA), it’s just another day at work. are responsible for applying when situations are demanding. human factors, aerodynamics, single fungicides, herbicides and With over 40 years as an aerial continue visual flight rules (VFR) flight (FAA) has granted regulatory security. Those findings are pilot resource management, This year, today even, I Last month I visited the IAAA at their insecticides. These powerful applicator, Leif looks to be leading into instrument meteorological exemptions to six aerial photo and permitted under Section operational challenges in mountain challenge you to share what you’ve manufacturing are tagged with a serial annual spray clinic in Gooding. The fixed-wing aircraft can apply NAAA on a straight course. conditions (IMC) and his subsequent video production companies, the first 333 of the FAA and canyon areas, self-certification most recently learned. I genuinely number so if they are found they can spray clinic is an opportunity for chemicals more quickly than spatial disorientation.” step to allowing the film and Modernization and Reform (use of prescription and believe this could have an astounding be traced. operators to fly a low pass while ground-based systems and do so Aerial application can be one of a television industry the use of Act of 2012. non-prescription drugs), how to without damaging existing crops. community airport’s greatest assets impact. Think about your neighbors These types of accidents occur less than unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in prepare for an unexpected night in and Idaho aerial applicators are or coworkers who weren’t at the The “Damage” term was prevalent in twice a month within the United States the National Airspace System. “Today’s The aerial applicators I met (we don’t certainly one of our statewide general the field, VFR into IMC, and the Aviation Safety Standdown and make a military circles, but has since been Here’s a scary picture of what I’ve and Canada – a big improvement since Secretary Foxx made the announcement is a call them crop dusters anymore) are a aviation gems. Be sure to wave your intimate relationship between ethics point to connect with them over the pre-empted by a definition of FOD that personally accumulated or what the 1980s when they averaged more announcement on a conference call significant milestone in broadening The firms asked the agency to grant close-knit group. They thoroughly wing at the next yellow air tractor and aviation safety. next couple of weeks to share your looks at the “debris.” This shift was other pilots at State Aeronautics have than twice a week. However, they are with FAA Administrator Michael commercial UAS use while ensuring exemptions from regulations that enjoy their work, which requires you share an airport with. “take-aways” from this seminar. made “official” in the latest FAA Huerta and Chris Dodd, chairman we maintain our world-class safety address general flight rules, pilot hands-on flying and razor-sharp skills. The morning began at 7:30 with a Advisory Circulars FAA A/C and chief executive officer of the record in all forms of flight,” said certificate requirements, manuals, They like the freedom to be their own Tailwinds- continental breakfast and meet and Our rigorous reflection to learn, apply, 150/5220-24 ‘Airport Foreign Object Motion Picture Association of Secretary Foxx. “These companies are maintenance and equipment boss and operate in uncontrolled greet among pilots from all around and share, will lead us to a better Debris (FOD) Detection Equipment’ America, Inc. blazing a trail that others are already mandates. To receive the exemptions, airspace. Most ag pilots I met were Mike Pape the Northwest. Many arrived early to tomorrow and ultimately a safer flying (2009) and FAA A/C 150/5210-24 following, offering the promise of new the firms had to show their UAS perfectly content to let someone else secure a front and center seat. community. Thank you for making a ‘Airport Foreign Object Debris (FOD) Secretary Anthony Foxx also advances in agriculture and utility operations would not adversely affect fly passengers and program ITD Aeronautics Administrator difference one conversation at a time. Management.’ Eurocontrol, ECAC, and determined that the UAS to be used safety and maintenance.” safety, or would provide at least an autopilots. They also recognize that the ICAO have all rallied behind this equal level of safety to the rules from their unique skill is FOD new definition. As Iain McCreary of which they seek the exemptions. Insight SRI put it in a presentation to in high demand From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: these days. NAPFI (August 2010), “You can have In their applications, the firms said the MONITOR GUARD FREQUENCY Internal FOD is damage or hazards debris present without damage, but operators will hold private pilot What really got my caused by foreign objects inside the never damage without debris.” certificates, keep the UAS within line attention is the 121.5! aircraft. For example, cockpit FOD is a Likewise, FOD prevention systems of sight at all times and restrict flights situation where an item gets loose in work by sensing and detecting not the Myth #1: The FAA doesn’t Myth #2: Commercial UAS flights economic to the “sterile area” on the set. In contribution this If you hear a distress signal or radio call: the cockpit and jams or restricts the damage but the actual debris. Thus control airspace below 400 feet. are OK if I’m over private granting the exemption, FAA accepted operation of the controls. Tool FOD is a FOD is now taken to mean the debris Fact–The FAA is responsible for the property and stay below 400 feet. group of aviators these safety conditions, adding an makes to Idaho’s Note your altitude, location and time serious hazard caused by tools left itself, and the resulting damage is safety of U.S. airspace from the Fact–The FAA published a Federal inspection of the aircraft before each inside the aircraft after manufacturing referred to as “FOD damage.” ground up. This misperception may Register notice in 2007 that clarified aviation and and flight, and prohibiting operations at agricultural Our theme for this year’s event was or servicing. Tools or other items can originate with the idea that manned the agency’s policy: You may not fly night. The agency also will issue industries. Idaho ag “Learn+ Apply+ Share.” Expert Tony get tangled in control cables, jam Internationally, FOD costs the aviation aircraft generally must stay at least PASS IT ON . . . IMMEDIATELY!! pilots will treat Kern said it perfectly: moving parts, short out electrical industry $13 billion per year. The 500 feet above the ground. between 900,000 to • ATC or FSS connections, or otherwise interfere with indirect costs are as much as ten times safe flight. Aircraft maintenance teams the direct cost value, representing 1.3 million acres of • FSS: 800-WXBRIEF (800-992-7433) commercial usually have strict tool control delays, aircraft changes, incurred fuel farmland in a typical • Idaho State Communications (800-632-8000) procedures, including toolbox costs and unscheduled maintenance, year. Idaho has a $4 • Local FBO inventories, to ensure all tools have and causes expensive, significant billion Agriculture • Local County Sheriff been removed from an aircraft before it damage to aircraft and parts and industry and aerial is released for flight. Tools used during death and injury to workers, pilots and passengers. Page 2 Rudder Flutter

The fact remains that these pilots made a choice – either by active deliberation or by passive default –

You can view the FAA’s exemption grants at www.faa.gov/uas/ legislative_programs/section_333/ For more information on the FAA and UAS, go to www.faa.gov/ about/initiatives/uas/

It is estimated that FOD costs major accumulated while traveling around still one of the deadliest, with a fatality airlines in the United States $26 per flight Idaho’s paved surface airports. Please be rate of almost 90 percent! This is why a Icarus’ Legacy: Paragliding to the Sun in aircraft repairs, plus $312 in such sure to check your ramp area, taxiways, recent NTSB Safety Alert warns GA By Christina Tindle, M.A. and check-out for its G-1000, additional indirect costs as flight delays, runways and even your route to and pilots of the dangers of flying in Idaho Backcountry Pilot TU182, IO-470 and plane changes and fuel inefficiencies. from your aircraft. Bet you’ll find conditions of reduced visual references, IO-550 Cessna 185s, Piper something! Pick it up and dispose of it and why they added “hazardous By Dan Etter, Out of the three Many would say Icarus was a fool for Meridian, gyro, helicopter properly before it ends up in a tire, weather” in GA operations to this year’s ITD Division components in this flying too close to the sun. Actually, lessons, soaring, engine, or flight controls. Most Wanted List. of Aeronautics equation, I think we would he showed how close we can really ballooning, seaplane all agree that SHARE is the get. This positive perspective helped training, a Citabria for Rich VFR Flight into IMC: VFR-into-IMC results in controlled The first ever least utilized. I look at get me sort out huge grief, which Stowell’s spin instruction, It Won’t Happen to Me! flight into terrain (CFIT) or, in the case Idaho Aviation better tomorrow as the ultimately led me to paragliding after and a surprising favorite, a By Dale Wilson, Professor of of the Cessna 310 pilot in Florida, Safety overall aviation community my American Champion Scout was Piper PA-22 taildragger Aviation at CWU spatial disorientation (SD) and Standdown becoming more stolen three years ago, gone forever. with a twitchy attitude. Yet, uncontrolled flight into terrain. Most Source: faa.gov in the proposed operations took place in knowledgeable. It’s that From beneath a smothering blanket of I really wanted to touch the Why does a qualified pilot flying a involve relatively low-time private do not need an FAA-issued Boise on Friday, October 17th. Nearly place where we know more despair, I figured I’d never fly again, sun, so I had to reach perfectly good Cessna crash into a In a press release dated September 25, certificate of airworthiness 150 pilots gathered to hear from than we used to so that we forced to give up my greatest passion, further out of the box. wooded swamp in Florida, killing himself 2014, U.S. Transportation Secretary based on a finding they do national and local aviation safety do better today and get against my will. I believe in positive That’s when I called Chuck and his two passengers? The NTSB says it Anthony Foxx announced that the not pose a threat to national experts on topics pertaining to better in the days to follow. reframing of life’s difficulties, so after Smith, owner/instructor of was because of his “improper decision to Federal Aviation Administration airspace users or national human factors, aerodynamics, single significant grieving time, my Irish side the world-class, high-altitude Photos courtesy of Christina Tindle continue visual flight rules (VFR) flight (FAA) has granted regulatory security. Those findings are pilot resource management, This year, today even, I rallied. Quitting is not why we face paragliding flight and training center, many flying records and awards, is a into instrument meteorological exemptions to six aerial photo and permitted under Section operational challenges in mountain challenge you to share what you’ve manufacturing are tagged with a serial darkness in life. Cruelty and FLY SUN VALLEY, (208-726-4055) USHPA Advanced Instructor, USHPA conditions (IMC) and his subsequent video production companies, the first 333 of the FAA and canyon areas, self-certification most recently learned. I genuinely number so if they are found they can located in my own backyard. Tandem Administrator, and has spatial disorientation.” step to allowing the film and Modernization and Reform (use of prescription and believe this could have an astounding be traced. personally flown over 4500 tandem television industry the use of Act of 2012. non-prescription drugs), how to impact. Think about your neighbors Paragliding is a gravity sport that flirts flights. No wonder when I asked him These types of accidents occur less than unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in prepare for an unexpected night in or coworkers who weren’t at the The “Damage” term was prevalent in with wind to remain aloft as long as to demonstrate flight parameters, he twice a month within the United States the National Airspace System. “Today’s the field, VFR into IMC, and the Aviation Safety Standdown and make a military circles, but has since been possible. The wing wants to fly; pilots smiled. I had no idea of the top Here’s a scary picture of what I’ve and Canada – a big improvement since Secretary Foxx made the announcement is a intimate relationship between ethics point to connect with them over the pre-empted by a definition of FOD that want to play. The terrain marks the performance maneuvers in store with personally accumulated or what the 1980s when they averaged more announcement on a conference call significant milestone in broadening The firms asked the agency to grant and aviation safety. next couple of weeks to share your looks at the “debris.” This shift was flight boundaries, gravity times the this world-class pro. other pilots at State Aeronautics have than twice a week. However, they are with FAA Administrator Michael commercial UAS use while ensuring exemptions from regulations that “take-aways” from this seminar. made “official” in the latest FAA descent, and only lift can prolong the Huerta and Chris Dodd, chairman we maintain our world-class safety address general flight rules, pilot The morning began at 7:30 with a Advisory Circulars FAA A/C clock. On the way down to the The Mt. Baldy launch peaks at 9150 and chief executive officer of the record in all forms of flight,” said certificate requirements, manuals, continental breakfast and meet and Our rigorous reflection to learn, apply, 150/5220-24 ‘Airport Foreign Object landing zone, gentle descents or ft. MSL and drops to a landing zone Motion Picture Association of Secretary Foxx. “These companies are maintenance and equipment greet among pilots from all around and share, will lead us to a better Debris (FOD) Detection Equipment’ mild-to-wild aerobatics win fun approximately 3400 ft. below, at America, Inc. blazing a trail that others are already mandates. To receive the exemptions, the Northwest. Many arrived early to tomorrow and ultimately a safer flying (2009) and FAA A/C 150/5210-24 points on the delight-meter. No flight 5700ft MSL. Paragliding here following, offering the promise of new the firms had to show their UAS secure a front and center seat. community. Thank you for making a ‘Airport Foreign Object Debris (FOD) is the same. Anticipation begins the requires advanced skills due to the Secretary Anthony Foxx also advances in agriculture and utility operations would not adversely affect difference one conversation at a time. Management.’ Eurocontrol, ECAC, and moment pilots run as strong as alpine landscape where weather determined that the UAS to be used safety and maintenance.” safety, or would provide at least an the ICAO have all rallied behind this possible, dragging wings down a changes quickly. It’s recommended equal level of safety to the rules from FOD new definition. As Iain McCreary of slope, let it “whomp” open from for P3 pilots who have mastered which they seek the exemptions. Insight SRI put it in a presentation to wind, and jump into open space, advanced maneuvering skills. That’s From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: NAPFI (August 2010), “You can have suspended, exposed…and why Sun Valley is revered by In their applications, the firms said the Internal FOD is damage or hazards debris present without damage, but grinning…over the topography. Europeans and Americans alike and operators will hold private pilot caused by foreign objects inside the never damage without debris.” disappointment can be harnessed to they fly Sun Valley every season, certificates, keep the UAS within line aircraft. For example, cockpit FOD is a Likewise, FOD prevention systems overcome emotional bombs rather Chuck flew tandem with me on my often setting records. The current of sight at all times and restrict flights situation where an item gets loose in work by sensing and detecting not the than remain defeated. What I didn’t second flight and I heard his Idaho state distance record of 149.5 Myth #1: The FAA doesn’t Myth #2: Commercial UAS flights to the “sterile area” on the set. In the cockpit and jams or restricts the damage but the actual debris. Thus know then was how my life would impressive resume. In 1987, he began miles was flown in August 2010 by control airspace below 400 feet. are OK if I’m over private granting the exemption, FAA accepted operation of the controls. Tool FOD is a FOD is now taken to mean the debris explode into an adventure of unusual a paragliding career in Switzerland, local pilot Nate Scales, who launched Fact–The FAA is responsible for the property and stay below 400 feet. these safety conditions, adding an serious hazard caused by tools left itself, and the resulting damage is aerodynamic breath starting with initially utilizing “parapentes” as a from “Baldy.” The 2006 US National safety of U.S. airspace from the Fact–The FAA published a Federal inspection of the aircraft before each inside the aircraft after manufacturing referred to as “FOD damage.” rentals of the usual suspects and descent tool for mountaineering Paragliding Championships were ground up. This misperception may Register notice in 2007 that clarified flight, and prohibiting operations at Our theme for this year’s event was or servicing. Tools or other items can culminated with paragliding. This activities in the Alps and later for held in Sun Valley with a total of five originate with the idea that manned the agency’s policy: You may not fly night. The agency also will issue “Learn+ Apply+ Share.” Expert Tony get tangled in control cables, jam Internationally, FOD costs the aviation come-back into aviation taught me climbs in the Rockies, Andes and tasks and 290 miles flown –the aircraft generally must stay at least Kern said it perfectly: moving parts, short out electrical industry $13 billion per year. The how close to the sun I could fly. There Himalayas. He helped form the farthest distance ever flown in a US 500 feet above the ground. connections, or otherwise interfere with indirect costs are as much as ten times was no way to predict that, after I American Paragliding Association, the paragliding competition. Day two of safe flight. Aircraft maintenance teams the direct cost value, representing bounced back from my grief, I would original governing body of the competition set another record usually have strict tool control delays, aircraft changes, incurred fuel launch a huge flying wing and dangle paragliding prior to its merger with for the longest task ever called and procedures, including toolbox costs and unscheduled maintenance, over a world-class paragliding site. the US Hang Gliding and Paragliding inventories, to ensure all tools have and causes expensive, significant Association (USHPA). He worked as a been removed from an aircraft before it damage to aircraft and parts and First, I tried anything: a Turbo Kit Fox test pilot for UP International and was See Paragliding is released for flight. Tools used during death and injury to workers, pilots taildragger, TU206 with sim-time a US National Champion. He holds Continued on page 16 and passengers. Winter 2014 Page 3

The fact remains that these pilots made a choice – either by active deliberation or by passive default –

Safety Wire It is estimated that FOD costs major accumulated while traveling around still one of the deadliest, with a fatality airlines in the United States $26 per flight Idaho’s paved surface airports. Please be rate of almost 90 percent! This is why a in aircraft repairs, plus $312 in such sure to check your ramp area, taxiways, recent NTSB Safety Alert warns GA By Christina Tindle, M.A. and check-out for its G-1000, additional indirect costs as flight delays, runways and even your route to and pilots of the dangers of flying in Idaho Backcountry Pilot TU182, IO-470 and Safety Standdown 2014 plane changes and fuel inefficiencies. from your aircraft. Bet you’ll find conditions of reduced visual references, IO-550 Cessna 185s, Piper something! Pick it up and dispose of it and why they added “hazardous By Dan Etter, Out of the three Many would say Icarus was a fool for Meridian, gyro, helicopter properly before it ends up in a tire, weather” in GA operations to this year’s ITD Division components in this flying too close to the sun. Actually, lessons, soaring, engine, or flight controls. Most Wanted List. of Aeronautics equation, I think we would he showed how close we can really ballooning, seaplane all agree that SHARE is the get. This positive perspective helped training, a Citabria for Rich VFR Flight into IMC: VFR-into-IMC results in controlled The first ever least utilized. I look at get me sort out huge grief, which Stowell’s spin instruction, It Won’t Happen to Me! flight into terrain (CFIT) or, in the case Idaho Aviation better tomorrow as the ultimately led me to paragliding after and a surprising favorite, a By Dale Wilson, Professor of of the Cessna 310 pilot in Florida, Safety overall aviation community my American Champion Scout was Piper PA-22 taildragger Aviation at CWU spatial disorientation (SD) and Standdown becoming more stolen three years ago, gone forever. with a twitchy attitude. Yet, uncontrolled flight into terrain. Most Source: faa.gov in the proposed operations took place in knowledgeable. It’s that From beneath a smothering blanket of I really wanted to touch the Why does a qualified pilot flying a involve relatively low-time private do not need an FAA-issued Boise on Friday, October 17th. Nearly place where we know more despair, I figured I’d never fly again, sun, so I had to reach perfectly good Cessna crash into a In a press release dated September 25, certificate of airworthiness 150 pilots gathered to hear from than we used to so that we forced to give up my greatest passion, further out of the box. wooded swamp in Florida, killing himself 2014, U.S. Transportation Secretary based on a finding they do national and local aviation safety do better today and get against my will. I believe in positive That’s when I called Chuck and his two passengers? The NTSB says it Anthony Foxx announced that the not pose a threat to national experts on topics pertaining to better in the days to follow. reframing of life’s difficulties, so after Smith, owner/instructor of was because of his “improper decision to Federal Aviation Administration airspace users or national human factors, aerodynamics, single significant grieving time, my Irish side the world-class, high-altitude continue visual flight rules (VFR) flight (FAA) has granted regulatory security. Those findings are pilot resource management, This year, today even, I rallied. Quitting is not why we face paragliding flight and training center, many flying records and awards, is a into instrument meteorological exemptions to six aerial photo and permitted under Section operational challenges in mountain challenge you to share what you’ve manufacturing are tagged with a serial darkness in life. Cruelty and FLY SUN VALLEY, (208-726-4055) USHPA Advanced Instructor, USHPA conditions (IMC) and his subsequent video production companies, the first 333 of the FAA and canyon areas, self-certification most recently learned. I genuinely number so if they are found they can located in my own backyard. Tandem Administrator, and has spatial disorientation.” step to allowing the film and Modernization and Reform (use of prescription and believe this could have an astounding be traced. personally flown over 4500 tandem television industry the use of Act of 2012. non-prescription drugs), how to impact. Think about your neighbors Paragliding is a gravity sport that flirts flights. No wonder when I asked him These types of accidents occur less than unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in prepare for an unexpected night in or coworkers who weren’t at the The “Damage” term was prevalent in with wind to remain aloft as long as to demonstrate flight parameters, he twice a month within the United States the National Airspace System. “Today’s the field, VFR into IMC, and the Aviation Safety Standdown and make a military circles, but has since been possible. The wing wants to fly; pilots smiled. I had no idea of the top Here’s a scary picture of what I’ve and Canada – a big improvement since Secretary Foxx made the announcement is a intimate relationship between ethics point to connect with them over the pre-empted by a definition of FOD that want to play. The terrain marks the performance maneuvers in store with personally accumulated or what the 1980s when they averaged more announcement on a conference call significant milestone in broadening The firms asked the agency to grant and aviation safety. next couple of weeks to share your looks at the “debris.” This shift was flight boundaries, gravity times the this world-class pro. other pilots at State Aeronautics have than twice a week. However, they are with FAA Administrator Michael commercial UAS use while ensuring exemptions from regulations that “take-aways” from this seminar. made “official” in the latest FAA descent, and only lift can prolong the Huerta and Chris Dodd, chairman we maintain our world-class safety address general flight rules, pilot The morning began at 7:30 with a Advisory Circulars FAA A/C clock. On the way down to the The Mt. Baldy launch peaks at 9150 and chief executive officer of the record in all forms of flight,” said certificate requirements, manuals, continental breakfast and meet and Our rigorous reflection to learn, apply, 150/5220-24 ‘Airport Foreign Object landing zone, gentle descents or ft. MSL and drops to a landing zone Motion Picture Association of Secretary Foxx. “These companies are maintenance and equipment greet among pilots from all around and share, will lead us to a better Debris (FOD) Detection Equipment’ mild-to-wild aerobatics win fun approximately 3400 ft. below, at America, Inc. blazing a trail that others are already mandates. To receive the exemptions, the Northwest. Many arrived early to tomorrow and ultimately a safer flying (2009) and FAA A/C 150/5210-24 points on the delight-meter. No flight 5700ft MSL. Paragliding here following, offering the promise of new the firms had to show their UAS secure a front and center seat. community. Thank you for making a ‘Airport Foreign Object Debris (FOD) is the same. Anticipation begins the requires advanced skills due to the Secretary Anthony Foxx also advances in agriculture and utility operations would not adversely affect difference one conversation at a time. Management.’ Eurocontrol, ECAC, and moment pilots run as strong as alpine landscape where weather determined that the UAS to be used safety and maintenance.” safety, or would provide at least an the ICAO have all rallied behind this possible, dragging wings down a changes quickly. It’s recommended equal level of safety to the rules from FOD new definition. As Iain McCreary of slope, let it “whomp” open from for P3 pilots who have mastered which they seek the exemptions. Insight SRI put it in a presentation to wind, and jump into open space, advanced maneuvering skills. That’s From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: NAPFI (August 2010), “You can have suspended, exposed…and why Sun Valley is revered by In their applications, the firms said the Internal FOD is damage or hazards debris present without damage, but grinning…over the topography. Europeans and Americans alike and operators will hold private pilot caused by foreign objects inside the never damage without debris.” disappointment can be harnessed to they fly Sun Valley every season, certificates, keep the UAS within line aircraft. For example, cockpit FOD is a Likewise, FOD prevention systems overcome emotional bombs rather Chuck flew tandem with me on my often setting records. The current of sight at all times and restrict flights situation where an item gets loose in work by sensing and detecting not the than remain defeated. What I didn’t second flight and I heard his Idaho state distance record of 149.5 Myth #1: The FAA doesn’t Myth #2: Commercial UAS flights to the “sterile area” on the set. In the cockpit and jams or restricts the damage but the actual debris. Thus know then was how my life would impressive resume. In 1987, he began miles was flown in August 2010 by control airspace below 400 feet. are OK if I’m over private granting the exemption, FAA accepted operation of the controls. Tool FOD is a FOD is now taken to mean the debris explode into an adventure of unusual a paragliding career in Switzerland, local pilot Nate Scales, who launched Fact–The FAA is responsible for the property and stay below 400 feet. these safety conditions, adding an serious hazard caused by tools left itself, and the resulting damage is aerodynamic breath starting with initially utilizing “parapentes” as a from “Baldy.” The 2006 US National safety of U.S. airspace from the Fact–The FAA published a Federal inspection of the aircraft before each inside the aircraft after manufacturing referred to as “FOD damage.” rentals of the usual suspects and descent tool for mountaineering Paragliding Championships were ground up. This misperception may Register notice in 2007 that clarified flight, and prohibiting operations at Our theme for this year’s event was or servicing. Tools or other items can culminated with paragliding. This activities in the Alps and later for held in Sun Valley with a total of five originate with the idea that manned the agency’s policy: You may not fly night. The agency also will issue “Learn+ Apply+ Share.” Expert Tony get tangled in control cables, jam Internationally, FOD costs the aviation come-back into aviation taught me climbs in the Rockies, Andes and tasks and 290 miles flown –the aircraft generally must stay at least Kern said it perfectly: moving parts, short out electrical industry $13 billion per year. The how close to the sun I could fly. There Himalayas. He helped form the farthest distance ever flown in a US 500 feet above the ground. connections, or otherwise interfere with indirect costs are as much as ten times was no way to predict that, after I American Paragliding Association, the paragliding competition. Day two of “Continuous improvement is not safe flight. Aircraft maintenance teams the direct cost value, representing bounced back from my grief, I would original governing body of the competition set another record about being right or wrong. It is usually have strict tool control delays, aircraft changes, incurred fuel launch a huge flying wing and dangle paragliding prior to its merger with for the longest task ever called and about the rigorous reflection procedures, including toolbox costs and unscheduled maintenance, over a world-class paragliding site. the US Hang Gliding and Paragliding that leads us to that place where inventories, to ensure all tools have and causes expensive, significant Association (USHPA). He worked as a we know more than we used to been removed from an aircraft before it damage to aircraft and parts and First, I tried anything: a Turbo Kit Fox test pilot for UP International and was so we do better today and get is released for flight. Tools used during death and injury to workers, pilots taildragger, TU206 with sim-time a US National Champion. He holds better tomorrow.” and passengers. Page 4 Rudder Flutter

The fact remains that these pilots made a choice – either by active deliberation or by passive default –

and require the operator to have provided the aircraft are operated “in certified aircraft and pilots, as well as accordance with a community-based operating approval. To date, only two set of safety guidelines and within UAS models (the Scan Eagle and the programming of a nationwide Aerovironment’s Puma) have been community-based organization.” a UAS for commercial purposes by certified, and they can only fly in the claiming that you’re operating Arctic. Public entities (federal, state The FAA and the Academy of Model according to the Model Aircraft and local governments and public Aeronautics recently signed a guidelines (below 400 feet, 3 miles universities) may apply for a Certificate first-ever agreement that formalizes a from an airport, away from populated of Waiver or Authorization (COA) working relationship and establishes areas.) Commercial operations are a partnership for advancing safe only authorized on a case-by-case The FAA reviews and approves UAS model UAS operations. This basis. A commercial flight requires a operations over densely-populated agreement also lays the ground work certified aircraft, a licensed pilot and areas on a case-by-case basis. for enacting the model aircraft operating approval. provisions of Public Law 112-95, Sec Flying model aircraft solely for hobby 336. Modelers operating under the Myth #3: Commercial UAS or recreational reasons does not provisions of P.L. 112-95, Sec 336 operations are a “gray area” in require FAA approval. However, must comply with the safety FAA regulations. hobbyists are advised to operate their guidelines of a nationwide Fact–There are no shades of gray in aircraft in accordance with the community-based organization. FAA regulations. Anyone who wants to agency’s model aircraft guidelines (see fly an aircraft–manned or Advisory Circular 91-57). In the FAA unmanned–in U.S. airspace needs Modernization and some level of FAA approval. Private Reform Act of 2012 sector (civil) users can obtain an (Public Law 112-95, experimental airworthiness certificate Sec 336), Congress to conduct research and development, exempted model training and flight demonstrations. aircraft from new Commercial UAS operations are limited rules or regulations

Don’t Underestimate Rain Landing in heavy rain brings to mind on the windshield, and use the VASI a flight we took into Flagstaff, Ariz. or other approach lights as a By Crista V. Worthy Perhaps new caps, or at least could end up with serious problems, on a summer afternoon. Clouds were glideslope guide. replacing the seals, will solve the such as stuck control surfaces, if the parked high over our destination and Icing is a well-known and serious risk problem. Unfortunately, with leaky water freezes solid. Interestingly, rain it began to rain about 10 miles out Touchdown brings other potential to flight safety. But what about rain? fuel caps, there is not much you can produces many of the same effects on from the airport. The ATIS reported problems. Water on the runway Most pilots, me included, are do about it once you’re up and flying your aircraft’s performance that ice rain but VFR conditions, and we reduces the friction between the perfectly comfortable flying in the in a downpour; a potential problem does. Water will “contaminate” a wing continued in. The tower had cleared ground and your tires–just check rain. None of us, hopefully, are crazy compounded by the length of time by disrupting air flow over the airfoil. us to land, and we were on the your POH to see the difference in enough to fly into a convective cloud. you continue to fly through the rain. It also slows the air down, which downwind when the rain suddenly landing on a contaminated runway. It We know the FAA recommends all If you have significant leaking reduces your lift. The heavier the became so heavy you literally could also reduces braking effectiveness. If pilots give thunderstorms at least a problems, and find yourself worrying downpour, the greater the effect, as see nothing straight ahead. I could you hydroplane, your brakes will be 20-nm-wide berth. It is common to about contamination after flying for water piling up will also increase see straight down so my husband useless because there will be a layer of be VFR and still fly in the rain. So an extended period of time in heavy drag. Research recognized by the switched to instruments, I called the water between the tires and the what’s the risk? rain, you could always land and sump National Research Council’s turn, and somehow he found the ground, and your directional control your tanks. Transportation Research Board has runway. That got me thinking. Just will be determined primarily by If your plane has been sitting out in shown that at high angles of attack, because rain is light or moderate inertia and the wind. Larger airports the rain, take extra care when you Other things to check after your and with flaps deployed, lift can be doesn’t mean it will stay that way, and can have grooved runways to help sump the fuel to be sure water hasn’t aircraft has been sitting in the rain are reduced by up to 18 percent with once you’re in it, flying under the drain the water, but most airports do leaked in around the fuel caps. Sump, the control surfaces. Some aircraft drag increased by up to 40 percent, cloud bases, you can’t always tell, not. then walk to the end of one wing and collect water in their ailerons, so leading to an increase in stall speed of although heavier rain usually does give the aircraft a good rocking, then move them up and down, allowing as much as 17 percent. This means appear darker ahead. If you know your tires’ psi (you did sump again. If you get water, keep the water to drain out. Centurions are the wing will stall at a much lower check your tire pressure, didn’t you?), rocking and sumping until your notorious for their foam-filled angle of attack, so it’s a good idea to Although the rainy end to our flight you can actually calculate the speed sample is pure, as fuel contamination elevators that become waterlogged, keep a little extra airspeed, wasn’t bumpy, most flights through above which you will be susceptible can make your engine run rough or increasing weight and eventually particularly if you are flying with a rain do bring the added joy of to dynamic hydroplaning. Your even quit. If you have leaking corroding. It’s best to cover them. If laminar flow wing. turbulence for you and your minimum hydroplaning speed is the problems with your fuel caps, have you take off with collected water and passengers. While your plane is getting square root of the main gear tire your mechanic examine them. climb above the freezing level, you its free wash, you may experience pressure multiplied by downdrafts. Sometimes they just keep nine–wow–that was easy. So if the coming and now you’re adding power, mains of my 210 are at 50 psi, the pitching up (watch that increased aircraft could begin hydroplaning at angle of attack) and exposing the air 63.6 knots. What amazes me is how intakes to even more rain. If you’re that number generally parallels an worried about sucking up too much aircraft’s landing speed. Jets have water, you can select alternate air or higher tire pressures and have to land carb heat, both of which take air from faster, while a Piper Cub with big tires inside the cowling. at low psi will land slowly. At any rate, try to land slower than that On approach, rain can distort your magic number, if safe, so you don’t perception of the runway. Heavy rain slide off the end. Small aircraft may on the windshield can make you not even need brakes on a longer think you’re high on final, leading runway if you just land as slow as you to dive below your intended possible and roll out. glidepath. Rain generally makes edges look fuzzy and indistinct, producing OK, you’re down in one piece. errors in judgment as you approach Hopefully you brought your umbrella the ground. Daytime rain makes so you can avoid that final indignity: runway lights appear to be fainter, so walking into the FBO soaking wet. you might think the runway is farther away than it really is and overshoot. On the other hand, nighttime rain dials up lighting intensity. Use extra caution, because if you think the runway is closer than it actually is, you could land short. Make sure your aim point is stationary against a point

Page 6 Rudder Flutter It is estimated that FOD costs major accumulated while traveling around still one of the deadliest, with a fatality airlines in the United States $26 per flight Idaho’s paved surface airports. Please be rate of almost 90 percent! This is why a in aircraft repairs, plus $312 in such sure to check your ramp area, taxiways, recent NTSB Safety Alert warns GA additional indirect costs as flight delays, runways and even your route to and pilots of the dangers of flying in plane changes and fuel inefficiencies. from your aircraft. Bet you’ll find conditions of reduced visual references, something! Pick it up and dispose of it and why they added “hazardous By Dan Etter, Out of the three properly before it ends up in a tire, weather” in GA operations to this year’s ITD Division components in this engine, or flight controls. Most Wanted List. of Aeronautics equation, I think we would all agree that SHARE is the VFR Flight into IMC: VFR-into-IMC results in controlled The first ever least utilized. I look at get It Won’t Happen to Me! flight into terrain (CFIT) or, in the case Idaho Aviation better tomorrow as the By Dale Wilson, Professor of of the Cessna 310 pilot in Florida, Safety overall aviation community Aviation at CWU spatial disorientation (SD) and Standdown becoming more uncontrolled flight into terrain. Most Source: faa.gov in the proposed operations took place in knowledgeable. It’s that Why does a qualified pilot flying a involve relatively low-time private do not need an FAA-issued Boise on Friday, October 17th. Nearly place where we know more perfectly good Cessna crash into a In a press release dated September 25, certificate of airworthiness 150 pilots gathered to hear from than we used to so that we wooded swamp in Florida, killing himself 2014, U.S. Transportation Secretary based on a finding they do national and local aviation safety do better today and get and his two passengers? The NTSB says it Anthony Foxx announced that the not pose a threat to national experts on topics pertaining to better in the days to follow. was because of his “improper decision to Federal Aviation Administration airspace users or national human factors, aerodynamics, single continue visual flight rules (VFR) flight (FAA) has granted regulatory security. Those findings are pilot resource management, This year, today even, I into instrument meteorological exemptions to six aerial photo and permitted under Section operational challenges in mountain challenge you to share what you’ve manufacturing are tagged with a serial conditions (IMC) and his subsequent video production companies, the first 333 of the FAA and canyon areas, self-certification most recently learned. I genuinely number so if they are found they can spatial disorientation.” step to allowing the film and Modernization and Reform (use of prescription and believe this could have an astounding be traced. television industry the use of Act of 2012. non-prescription drugs), how to impact. Think about your neighbors These types of accidents occur less than unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in prepare for an unexpected night in or coworkers who weren’t at the The “Damage” term was prevalent in twice a month within the United States the National Airspace System. “Today’s the field, VFR into IMC, and the Aviation Safety Standdown and make a military circles, but has since been Here’s a scary picture of what I’ve and Canada – a big improvement since Secretary Foxx made the announcement is a intimate relationship between ethics point to connect with them over the pre-empted by a definition of FOD that personally accumulated or what the 1980s when they averaged more announcement on a conference call significant milestone in broadening The firms asked the agency to grant and aviation safety. next couple of weeks to share your looks at the “debris.” This shift was other pilots at State Aeronautics have than twice a week. However, they are with FAA Administrator Michael commercial UAS use while ensuring exemptions from regulations that “take-aways” from this seminar. made “official” in the latest FAA Huerta and Chris Dodd, chairman we maintain our world-class safety address general flight rules, pilot The morning began at 7:30 with a Advisory Circulars FAA A/C and chief executive officer of the record in all forms of flight,” said certificate requirements, manuals, continental breakfast and meet and Our rigorous reflection to learn, apply, 150/5220-24 ‘Airport Foreign Object Motion Picture Association of Secretary Foxx. “These companies are maintenance and equipment greet among pilots from all around and share, will lead us to a better Debris (FOD) Detection Equipment’ America, Inc. blazing a trail that others are already mandates. To receive the exemptions, the Northwest. Many arrived early to tomorrow and ultimately a safer flying (2009) and FAA A/C 150/5210-24 following, offering the promise of new the firms had to show their UAS secure a front and center seat. community. Thank you for making a ‘Airport Foreign Object Debris (FOD) Secretary Anthony Foxx also advances in agriculture and utility operations would not adversely affect difference one conversation at a time. Management.’ Eurocontrol, ECAC, and determined that the UAS to be used safety and maintenance.” safety, or would provide at least an the ICAO have all rallied behind this equal level of safety to the rules from FOD new definition. As Iain McCreary of which they seek the exemptions. Insight SRI put it in a presentation to From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: NAPFI (August 2010), “You can have In their applications, the firms said the Internal FOD is damage or hazards debris present without damage, but operators will hold private pilot caused by foreign objects inside the never damage without debris.” certificates, keep the UAS within line aircraft. For example, cockpit FOD is a Likewise, FOD prevention systems of sight at all times and restrict flights situation where an item gets loose in work by sensing and detecting not the Myth #1: The FAA doesn’t Myth #2: Commercial UAS flights to the “sterile area” on the set. In the cockpit and jams or restricts the damage but the actual debris. Thus control airspace below 400 feet. are OK if I’m over private granting the exemption, FAA accepted operation of the controls. Tool FOD is a FOD is now taken to mean the debris Fact–The FAA is responsible for the property and stay below 400 feet. these safety conditions, adding an serious hazard caused by tools left itself, and the resulting damage is safety of U.S. airspace from the Fact–The FAA published a Federal inspection of the aircraft before each inside the aircraft after manufacturing referred to as “FOD damage.” ground up. This misperception may Register notice in 2007 that clarified flight, and prohibiting operations at Our theme for this year’s event was or servicing. Tools or other items can originate with the idea that manned the agency’s policy: You may not fly night. The agency also will issue “Learn+ Apply+ Share.” Expert Tony get tangled in control cables, jam Internationally, FOD costs the aviation aircraft generally must stay at least Kern said it perfectly: moving parts, short out electrical industry $13 billion per year. The 500 feet above the ground. connections, or otherwise interfere with indirect costs are as much as ten times safe flight. Aircraft maintenance teams the direct cost value, representing usually have strict tool control delays, aircraft changes, incurred fuel procedures, including toolbox costs and unscheduled maintenance, inventories, to ensure all tools have and causes expensive, significant been removed from an aircraft before it damage to aircraft and parts and is released for flight. Tools used during death and injury to workers, pilots and passengers.

was even told “VFR not recommended” minimums were more likely to fly Landing in heavy rain brings to mind on the windshield, and use the VASI from Flight Service Station – but, into IMC. Also, can you tell when the a flight we took into Flagstaff, Ariz. or other approach lights as a Safety Wire By Crista V. Worthy Perhaps new caps, or at least could end up with serious problems, despite low ceiling and visibility weather is approaching minimums? on a summer afternoon. Clouds were glideslope guide. Continued from page 5 replacing the seals, will solve the such as stuck control surfaces, if the parked high over our destination and reports, they continued anyway. Researchers discovered that many Icing is a well-known and serious risk problem. Unfortunately, with leaky water freezes solid. Interestingly, rain to initiate or continue VFR flight into pilots fly into IMC because of their it began to rain about 10 miles out Touchdown brings other potential pilots – our accident pilot fits the to flight safety. But what about rain? fuel caps, there is not much you can produces many of the same effects on adverse weather. I, and other safety Never stop learning about weather. inability to determine when they are from the airport. The ATIS reported problems. Water on the runway profile – but an AOPA study also Most pilots, me included, are do about it once you’re up and flying your aircraft’s performance that ice specialists, have spent most of our Take a weather course and practice in or nearing it. rain but VFR conditions, and we reduces the friction between the found that more than a third perfectly comfortable flying in the in a downpour; a potential problem does. Water will “contaminate” a wing careers trying to figure out why. what you’ve learned by making continued in. The tower had cleared ground and your tires–just check involved pilots with more than 1,000 rain. None of us, hopefully, are crazy compounded by the length of time by disrupting air flow over the airfoil. What we’ve learned is that it’s not rule-of-thumb predictions based on Your personal minimums, however, us to land, and we were on the your POH to see the difference in hours of flight time. enough to fly into a convective cloud. you continue to fly through the rain. It also slows the air down, which just the adverse weather that traps us existing weather conditions to become are only as good as your resolve to downwind when the rain suddenly landing on a contaminated runway. It We know the FAA recommends all If you have significant leaking reduces your lift. The heavier the – it’s our own fallible human what every successful pilot is – an adhere to them. The became so heavy you literally could also reduces braking effectiveness. If At least four of the accidents since pilots give thunderstorms at least a problems, and find yourself worrying downpour, the greater the effect, as condition. The following are some amateur weather forecaster. You will pilot-rated-passenger in the Cessna see nothing straight ahead. I could you hydroplane, your brakes will be 2010 have occurred in Idaho, all of 20-nm-wide berth. It is common to about contamination after flying for water piling up will also increase strategies to help you overcome some then get better at recognizing the signs 310 contacted the Vero Beach Airport see straight down so my husband useless because there will be a layer of them leaving no survivors. Unlike be VFR and still fly in the rain. So an extended period of time in heavy drag. Research recognized by the of these human limitations. of deteriorating weather, both by tower and advised that they were switched to instruments, I called the water between the tires and the the Florida accident, all occurred in what’s the risk? rain, you could always land and sump National Research Council’s out-the-window observations and by “scud running up the coast” at 500 turn, and somehow he found the ground, and your directional control mountainous terrain – a treacherous your tanks. Transportation Research Board has Get a weather briefing. The more accurately interpreting aviation feet to Sebastian Municipal Airport. runway. That got me thinking. Just will be determined primarily by combination when mixed with If your plane has been sitting out in shown that at high angles of attack, you get, the more knowledgeable you weather reports and forecasts. because rain is light or moderate inertia and the wind. Larger airports weather. Moisture-laden Pacific air the rain, take extra care when you Other things to check after your and with flaps deployed, lift can be will become about weather. Learn to Don’t get caught in the dark. At least doesn’t mean it will stay that way, and can have grooved runways to help arriving over the Western mountains sump the fuel to be sure water hasn’t aircraft has been sitting in the rain are reduced by up to 18 percent with recognize the signs of deteriorating Comply with your personal weather one of the Idaho accidents occurred once you’re in it, flying under the drain the water, but most airports do reduces ceilings and visibilities, leaked in around the fuel caps. Sump, the control surfaces. Some aircraft drag increased by up to 40 percent, weather by accurately interpreting limits. VFR-into-IMC accidents have at night. You’ve heard the old adage: cloud bases, you can’t always tell, not. severely limiting options for VFR then walk to the end of one wing and collect water in their ailerons, so leading to an increase in stall speed of METARs, TAFs and FAs. Obtain occurred in weather conditions that flying in the day is no different than although heavier rain usually does pilots. Too many have met their fate give the aircraft a good rocking, then move them up and down, allowing as much as 17 percent. This means advisories on a regular basis from were higher than legal VFR flying at night, except you can’t see appear darker ahead. If you know your tires’ psi (you did while scud running at low altitudes sump again. If you get water, keep the water to drain out. Centurions are the wing will stall at a much lower Flight Watch to ascertain any changes minimums. Yours, therefore, should anything! That’s why your personal check your tire pressure, didn’t you?), below the clouds. Several have rocking and sumping until your notorious for their foam-filled angle of attack, so it’s a good idea to in the weather ahead. Of course, be well above FAA regulatory weather minimums must be Although the rainy end to our flight you can actually calculate the speed ventured into box canyons with sample is pure, as fuel contamination elevators that become waterlogged, keep a little extra airspeed, briefings and updates are pointless if minimums – especially if you are an wasn’t bumpy, most flights through above which you will be susceptible terrain that rises steeper than their can make your engine run rough or increasing weight and eventually particularly if you are flying with a you don’t heed their warnings. The inexperienced pilot. A multi-national rain do bring the added joy of to dynamic hydroplaning. Your aircraft can climb, or into narrow even quit. If you have leaking corroding. It’s best to cover them. If laminar flow wing. pilot-rated passenger in the Cessna study confirmed that VFR pilots with turbulence for you and your minimum hydroplaning speed is the canyons with insufficient room to problems with your fuel caps, have you take off with collected water and 310 obtained them several times – he the most liberal personal weather passengers. While your plane is getting square root of the main gear tire conduct a 180-degree turn. your mechanic examine them. climb above the freezing level, you its free wash, you may experience pressure multiplied by downdrafts. Sometimes they just keep nine–wow–that was easy. So if the The fact remains that these pilots coming and now you’re adding power, mains of my 210 are at 50 psi, the made a choice – either by active pitching up (watch that increased aircraft could begin hydroplaning at deliberation or by passive default – angle of attack) and exposing the air 63.6 knots. What amazes me is how intakes to even more rain. If you’re that number generally parallels an See Safety Wire worried about sucking up too much aircraft’s landing speed. Jets have water, you can select alternate air or higher tire pressures and have to land Continued on page 11 carb heat, both of which take air from faster, while a Piper Cub with big tires inside the cowling. at low psi will land slowly. At any rate, try to land slower than that On approach, rain can distort your magic number, if safe, so you don’t perception of the runway. Heavy rain slide off the end. Small aircraft may on the windshield can make you not even need brakes on a longer think you’re high on final, leading runway if you just land as slow as you to dive below your intended possible and roll out. glidepath. Rain generally makes edges look fuzzy and indistinct, producing OK, you’re down in one piece. errors in judgment as you approach Hopefully you brought your umbrella the ground. Daytime rain makes so you can avoid that final indignity: runway lights appear to be fainter, so walking into the FBO soaking wet. you might think the runway is farther away than it really is and overshoot. Crista Worthy is Managing Editor of On the other hand, nighttime rain Pilot Getaways magazine, a travel dials up lighting intensity. Use extra magazine for private pilots, and Editor caution, because if you think the of The Flyline, the monthly publication runway is closer than it actually is, of the Idaho Aviation Association. you could land short. Make sure your aim point is stationary against a point

Winter 2014 Page 7

You can view the FAA’s exemption grants at www.faa.gov/uas/ legislative_programs/section_333/ For more information on the FAA and UAS, go to www.faa.gov/ about/initiatives/uas/

was even told “VFR not recommended” minimums were more likely to fly Aviation Medical Matters There are many other factors that always a balance between inner you might notice a need for fewer from Flight Service Station – but, into IMC. Also, can you tell when the influence susceptibility to cold, such as; warmth and loss of heat. So, losing blankets at night. Third, your skin despite low ceiling and visibility weather is approaching minimums? • Body composition body heat alone does not mean you temperature will tend to be lower. This reports, they continued anyway. Researchers discovered that many • Body size are chilled. As with many things, it is results in lower heat loss. This process to initiate or continue VFR flight into pilots fly into IMC because of their Getting used to the cold • Fatigue pilots – our accident pilot fits the a matter of degree. takes time and repeated exposure to adverse weather. I, and other safety Never stop learning about weather. inability to determine when they are profile – but an AOPA study also • Hydration By: Paul Collins, MD, AME and We have to acclimate to the weather First of all, let’s talk about heat - cold. In my experience with snow specialists, have spent most of our Take a weather course and practice in or nearing it. found that more than a third Mike Weiss, MD, MPH, AME, CFII • Nutritional status and that means to the cold. specifically, the heat you generate. We The influence of body size and camping, it took several days before I careers trying to figure out why. what you’ve learned by making involved pilots with more than 1,000 • Medications taken all have to lose body heat to survive. climate has been observed and could begin to notice an increased What we’ve learned is that it’s not rule-of-thumb predictions based on Your personal minimums, however, hours of flight time. • Very young and very old age Research has shown that though we The process of converting the food studied resulting in two rules of cold tolerance to cold. Those first days were just the adverse weather that traps us existing weather conditions to become are only as good as your resolve to • Skin temperature have little or no hair and don’t we eat into energy produces extra exposure and body type. Bergmann’s not pleasant. Still, once the body – it’s our own fallible human what every successful pilot is – an adhere to them. The At least four of the accidents since • Duration of exposure hibernate, humans have evolved ways heat that we must get rid of, or else Rule stated that within the same started to become used to the cold, condition. The following are some amateur weather forecaster. You will pilot-rated-passenger in the Cessna 2010 have occurred in Idaho, all of • Water and air temperature of dealing with cold weather to we would literally cook from the species of warm-blooded animals, exposure became more comfortable. It strategies to help you overcome some then get better at recognizing the signs 310 contacted the Vero Beach Airport them leaving no survivors. Unlike • Cooling rate (wind chill factor) expand our “comfort zone.” The inside. This is why whales that beach populations with less massive just takes time. Proceed gradually and of these human limitations. of deteriorating weather, both by tower and advised that they were the Florida accident, all occurred in • Clothing indigenous people of the African themselves are in such danger. They individuals were more often found in avoid rapid exposure to the cold. If out-the-window observations and by “scud running up the coast” at 500 mountainous terrain – a treacherous • Physical work load Kalahari and Tierra del Fuego have are not like fish that need water to warm climates near the equator. you are tired, hungry and thirsty, you Get a weather briefing. The more accurately interpreting aviation feet to Sebastian Municipal Airport. combination when mixed with been noted to sleep almost naked in breathe. They need the water to cool Conversely, the farther one moved will feel much colder than otherwise, you get, the more knowledgeable you weather reports and forecasts. weather. Moisture-laden Pacific air You should consider these factors freezing temperatures. Lewis and off. What our bodies strive to do is from the equator into colder climates, so avoid being out in the cold in those will become about weather. Learn to Don’t get caught in the dark. At least arriving over the Western mountains when you decide how quickly you will It can be cold out there, even when Clark marveled at how the Mandan keep a balance between heat the larger and bulkier individuals in situations. Start with short exposures recognize the signs of deteriorating Comply with your personal weather one of the Idaho accidents occurred reduces ceilings and visibilities, be exposed to cold temperatures and the temperatures are not “that cold.” Indians were able to hunt bison during production and loss. We can then be that species became. Polar bears are and build up. Perhaps set the weather by accurately interpreting limits. VFR-into-IMC accidents have at night. You’ve heard the old adage: severely limiting options for VFR what protection, such as clothes, you Adapting to the climate is something the dead of winter with only meager active without spending extra energy an excellent example, compared to thermometer a bit lower in the house METARs, TAFs and FAs. Obtain occurred in weather conditions that flying in the day is no different than pilots. Too many have met their fate will wear. On a given day, a well we all have to do no matter where we clothing. Going from heated houses to to stay warm. In children, who have a brown bears. Joel Allen took this rule to help you acclimate and save you advisories on a regular basis from were higher than legal VFR flying at night, except you can’t see while scud running at low altitudes hydrated and well fed individual will are, especially when flying in the cold. heated offices in heated cars means we relatively large skin-surface area further in 1877, observing that money. If you end up shivering, you Flight Watch to ascertain any changes minimums. Yours, therefore, should anything! That’s why your personal below the clouds. Several have withstand colder temperatures better Being warm-blooded creatures, we don’t get much chance to allow our relative to their weight, it is more individuals living in warmer climates are probably overexposing yourself to in the weather ahead. Of course, be well above FAA regulatory weather minimums must be ventured into box canyons with than one who is thirsty and hungry. make up for this in a variety of ways natural adaptive abilities to help us. difficult to stay warm because they near the equator tended to have the cold, so perhaps put on a hat or briefings and updates are pointless if minimums – especially if you are an terrain that rises steeper than their The first individual will be better able but we cannot completely isolate Still, they are there and, given half a can lose heat so quickly. An adult, longer limbs than those living in another core layer such as a vest. Over you don’t heed their warnings. The inexperienced pilot. A multi-national aircraft can climb, or into narrow to create internal heat. This is also ourselves from the cold. This is chance, we can use them to make who has a relatively small skin colder climates. A body with longer time, and you will see that you can pilot-rated passenger in the Cessna study confirmed that VFR pilots with canyons with insufficient room to why it is so important to keep from especially true for those of us that outdoor activities more comfortable. surface area relative to their weight, limbs is less compact and has more better tolerate the cool. Your body has 310 obtained them several times – he the most liberal personal weather conduct a 180-degree turn. enjoy winter sports and winter flying. has an easier time keeping warm. It is surface area, resulting in more rapid getting dehydrated. Some the tools to adapt if you give it a loss of body heat. This is called Allen’s medications, such as alcohol, will chance. When spring comes and the The fact remains that these pilots Rule, which states a more compact cause flushing of the skin and increase air temperature warms up, you will made a choice – either by active body is better at retaining heat. heat loss, increasing the risk of lose the adaptation to cold. Your body deliberation or by passive default – hypothermia. will start to protect itself from Men and women differ with respect overheating by increasing your ability to ability to adapt to cold. Studies Cold acclimatization is the result of to lose heat through sweating and show that women are less susceptible gradually increasing your resistance to other mechanisms. to hypothermia and have a better cold injury through regular cold ability to limit heat loss. Men seem to exposure. As the season progresses, For now, think about cold tolerance. lose more total heat from higher skin you adapt to the cold and can tolerate Gradually increase daily exposure to temperatures than women do on cool times longer with greater the cold. Maybe take a walk around average. This higher skin temperature comfort. Most of us wear fewer layers the block during lunch and feel the seems related to a reduced tendency as the season goes on, even at the zing of the winter day. All this will to constrict skin blood vessels in men same or colder temperatures. In make you more tolerant to the cold relative to women. This may partially nature, true cold acclimatization and will make a winter day in the air explain why women are more likely involves at least three adaptations. much more fun. to have circulation problems such as First, it takes Raynaud’s Disease than men. Since ever-colder men tend to have a larger skin surface temperatures to area, they need to maintain a higher induce shivering as metabolic rate than women to stay your ability to warm. This means men burn energy generate and store faster than women. Overall, evidence internal heat shows that women can protect their becomes more core temperatures in the cold better efficient. Second, than men. This makes extreme your ability to sleep survival situations more problematic in the cold for men. increases. As the season progresses,

Page 8 Rudder Flutter

You can view the FAA’s exemption grants at www.faa.gov/uas/ legislative_programs/section_333/ For more information on the FAA and UAS, go to www.faa.gov/ about/initiatives/uas/

It is estimated that FOD costs major accumulated while traveling around still one of the deadliest, with a fatality airlines in the United States $26 per flight Idaho’s paved surface airports. Please be rate of almost 90 percent! This is why a in aircraft repairs, plus $312 in such sure to check your ramp area, taxiways, recent NTSB Safety Alert warns GA By Christina Tindle, M.A. and check-out for its G-1000, additional indirect costs as flight delays, runways and even your route to and pilots of the dangers of flying in Idaho Backcountry Pilot TU182, IO-470 and plane changes and fuel inefficiencies. from your aircraft. Bet you’ll find conditions of reduced visual references, IO-550 Cessna 185s, Piper something! Pick it up and dispose of it and why they added “hazardous By Dan Etter, Out of the three Many would say Icarus was a fool for Meridian, gyro, helicopter properly before it ends up in a tire, weather” in GA operations to this year’s ITD Division components in this flying too close to the sun. Actually, lessons, soaring, engine, or flight controls. Most Wanted List. of Aeronautics equation, I think we would he showed how close we can really ballooning, seaplane all agree that SHARE is the get. This positive perspective helped training, a Citabria for Rich VFR Flight into IMC: VFR-into-IMC results in controlled The first ever least utilized. I look at get me sort out huge grief, which Stowell’s spin instruction, It Won’t Happen to Me! flight into terrain (CFIT) or, in the case Idaho Aviation better tomorrow as the ultimately led me to paragliding after and a surprising favorite, a By Dale Wilson, Professor of of the Cessna 310 pilot in Florida, Safety overall aviation community my American Champion Scout was Piper PA-22 taildragger Aviation at CWU spatial disorientation (SD) and Standdown becoming more stolen three years ago, gone forever. with a twitchy attitude. Yet, uncontrolled flight into terrain. Most Source: faa.gov in the proposed operations took place in knowledgeable. It’s that From beneath a smothering blanket of I really wanted to touch the Why does a qualified pilot flying a involve relatively low-time private do not need an FAA-issued Boise on Friday, October 17th. Nearly place where we know more despair, I figured I’d never fly again, sun, so I had to reach perfectly good Cessna crash into a In a press release dated September 25, certificate of airworthiness 150 pilots gathered to hear from than we used to so that we forced to give up my greatest passion, further out of the box. wooded swamp in Florida, killing himself 2014, U.S. Transportation Secretary based on a finding they do national and local aviation safety do better today and get against my will. I believe in positive That’s when I called Chuck and his two passengers? The NTSB says it Anthony Foxx announced that the not pose a threat to national experts on topics pertaining to better in the days to follow. reframing of life’s difficulties, so after Smith, owner/instructor of was because of his “improper decision to Federal Aviation Administration airspace users or national human factors, aerodynamics, single significant grieving time, my Irish side the world-class, high-altitude continue visual flight rules (VFR) flight (FAA) has granted regulatory security. Those findings are pilot resource management, This year, today even, I rallied. Quitting is not why we face paragliding flight and training center, many flying records and awards, is a into instrument meteorological exemptions to six aerial photo and permitted under Section operational challenges in mountain challenge you to share what you’ve manufacturing are tagged with a serial darkness in life. Cruelty and FLY SUN VALLEY, (208-726-4055) USHPA Advanced Instructor, USHPA conditions (IMC) and his subsequent video production companies, the first 333 of the FAA and canyon areas, self-certification most recently learned. I genuinely number so if they are found they can located in my own backyard. Tandem Administrator, and has spatial disorientation.” step to allowing the film and Modernization and Reform (use of prescription and believe this could have an astounding be traced. personally flown over 4500 tandem television industry the use of Act of 2012. non-prescription drugs), how to impact. Think about your neighbors Paragliding is a gravity sport that flirts flights. No wonder when I asked him These types of accidents occur less than unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in prepare for an unexpected night in or coworkers who weren’t at the The “Damage” term was prevalent in with wind to remain aloft as long as to demonstrate flight parameters, he twice a month within the United States the National Airspace System. “Today’s the field, VFR into IMC, and the Aviation Safety Standdown and make a military circles, but has since been possible. The wing wants to fly; pilots smiled. I had no idea of the top Here’s a scary picture of what I’ve and Canada – a big improvement since Secretary Foxx made the announcement is a intimate relationship between ethics point to connect with them over the pre-empted by a definition of FOD that want to play. The terrain marks the performance maneuvers in store with personally accumulated or what the 1980s when they averaged more announcement on a conference call significant milestone in broadening The firms asked the agency to grant and aviation safety. next couple of weeks to share your looks at the “debris.” This shift was flight boundaries, gravity times the this world-class pro. other pilots at State Aeronautics have than twice a week. However, they are with FAA Administrator Michael commercial UAS use while ensuring exemptions from regulations that “take-aways” from this seminar. made “official” in the latest FAA descent, and only lift can prolong the Huerta and Chris Dodd, chairman we maintain our world-class safety address general flight rules, pilot The morning began at 7:30 with a Advisory Circulars FAA A/C clock. On the way down to the The Mt. Baldy launch peaks at 9150 and chief executive officer of the record in all forms of flight,” said certificate requirements, manuals, continental breakfast and meet and Our rigorous reflection to learn, apply, 150/5220-24 ‘Airport Foreign Object landing zone, gentle descents or ft. MSL and drops to a landing zone Motion Picture Association of Secretary Foxx. “These companies are maintenance and equipment greet among pilots from all around and share, will lead us to a better Debris (FOD) Detection Equipment’ mild-to-wild aerobatics win fun approximately 3400 ft. below, at America, Inc. blazing a trail that others are already mandates. To receive the exemptions, the Northwest. Many arrived early to tomorrow and ultimately a safer flying (2009) and FAA A/C 150/5210-24 points on the delight-meter. No flight 5700ft MSL. Paragliding here following, offering the promise of new the firms had to show their UAS secure a front and center seat. community. Thank you for making a ‘Airport Foreign Object Debris (FOD) is the same. Anticipation begins the requires advanced skills due to the Secretary Anthony Foxx also advances in agriculture and utility operations would not adversely affect difference one conversation at a time. Management.’ Eurocontrol, ECAC, and moment pilots run as strong as alpine landscape where weather determined that the UAS to be used safety and maintenance.” safety, or would provide at least an the ICAO have all rallied behind this possible, dragging wings down a changes quickly. It’s recommended equal level of safety to the rules from FOD new definition. As Iain McCreary of slope, let it “whomp” open from for P3 pilots who have mastered which they seek the exemptions. Insight SRI put it in a presentation to wind, and jump into open space, advanced maneuvering skills. That’s From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: NAPFI (August 2010), “You can have suspended, exposed…and why Sun Valley is revered by In their applications, the firms said the Internal FOD is damage or hazards debris present without damage, but grinning…over the topography. Europeans and Americans alike and operators will hold private pilot caused by foreign objects inside the never damage without debris.” disappointment can be harnessed to they fly Sun Valley every season, certificates, keep the UAS within line aircraft. For example, cockpit FOD is a Likewise, FOD prevention systems overcome emotional bombs rather Chuck flew tandem with me on my often setting records. The current of sight at all times and restrict flights situation where an item gets loose in work by sensing and detecting not the than remain defeated. What I didn’t second flight and I heard his Idaho state distance record of 149.5 Myth #1: The FAA doesn’t Myth #2: Commercial UAS flights to the “sterile area” on the set. In the cockpit and jams or restricts the damage but the actual debris. Thus know then was how my life would impressive resume. In 1987, he began miles was flown in August 2010 by control airspace below 400 feet. are OK if I’m over private granting the exemption, FAA accepted operation of the controls. Tool FOD is a FOD is now taken to mean the debris explode into an adventure of unusual a paragliding career in Switzerland, local pilot Nate Scales, who launched Fact–The FAA is responsible for the property and stay below 400 feet. these safety conditions, adding an serious hazard caused by tools left itself, and the resulting damage is aerodynamic breath starting with initially utilizing “parapentes” as a from “Baldy.” The 2006 US National safety of U.S. airspace from the Fact–The FAA published a Federal inspection of the aircraft before each inside the aircraft after manufacturing referred to as “FOD damage.” rentals of the usual suspects and descent tool for mountaineering Paragliding Championships were ground up. This misperception may Register notice in 2007 that clarified flight, and prohibiting operations at Our theme for this year’s event was or servicing. Tools or other items can culminated with paragliding. This activities in the Alps and later for held in Sun Valley with a total of five originate with the idea that manned the agency’s policy: You may not fly night. The agency also will issue “Learn+ Apply+ Share.” Expert Tony get tangled in control cables, jam Internationally, FOD costs the aviation come-back into aviation taught me climbs in the Rockies, Andes and tasks and 290 miles flown –the aircraft generally must stay at least Kern said it perfectly: moving parts, short out electrical industry $13 billion per year. The how close to the sun I could fly. There Himalayas. He helped form the farthest distance ever flown in a US 500 feet above the ground. connections, or otherwise interfere with indirect costs are as much as ten times was no way to predict that, after I American Paragliding Association, the paragliding competition. Day two of safe flight. Aircraft maintenance teams the direct cost value, representing bounced back from my grief, I would original governing body of the competition set another record usually have strict tool control delays, aircraft changes, incurred fuel launch a huge flying wing and dangle paragliding prior to its merger with for the longest task ever called and procedures, including toolbox costs and unscheduled maintenance, over a world-class paragliding site. the US Hang Gliding and Paragliding inventories, to ensure all tools have and causes expensive, significant Association (USHPA). He worked as a been removed from an aircraft before it damage to aircraft and parts and First, I tried anything: a Turbo Kit Fox test pilot for UP International and was is released for flight. Tools used during death and injury to workers, pilots taildragger, TU206 with sim-time a US National Champion. He holds and passengers.

was even told “VFR not recommended” minimums were more likely to fly There are many other factors that always a balance between inner you might notice a need for fewer from Flight Service Station – but, into IMC. Also, can you tell when the influence susceptibility to cold, such as; warmth and loss of heat. So, losing blankets at night. Third, your skin despite low ceiling and visibility weather is approaching minimums? • Body composition body heat alone does not mean you temperature will tend to be lower. This reports, they continued anyway. Researchers discovered that many • Body size are chilled. As with many things, it is results in lower heat loss. This process to initiate or continue VFR flight into pilots fly into IMC because of their pilots – our accident pilot fits the • Fatigue a matter of degree. takes time and repeated exposure to adverse weather. I, and other safety Never stop learning about weather. inability to determine when they are profile – but an AOPA study also • Hydration We have to acclimate to the weather First of all, let’s talk about heat - cold. In my experience with snow specialists, have spent most of our Take a weather course and practice in or nearing it. found that more than a third • Nutritional status and that means to the cold. specifically, the heat you generate. We The influence of body size and camping, it took several days before I careers trying to figure out why. what you’ve learned by making involved pilots with more than 1,000 • Medications taken all have to lose body heat to survive. climate has been observed and could begin to notice an increased What we’ve learned is that it’s not rule-of-thumb predictions based on Your personal minimums, however, hours of flight time. • Very young and very old age Research has shown that though we The process of converting the food studied resulting in two rules of cold tolerance to cold. Those first days were just the adverse weather that traps us existing weather conditions to become are only as good as your resolve to • Skin temperature have little or no hair and don’t we eat into energy produces extra exposure and body type. Bergmann’s not pleasant. Still, once the body – it’s our own fallible human what every successful pilot is – an adhere to them. The At least four of the accidents since • Duration of exposure hibernate, humans have evolved ways heat that we must get rid of, or else Rule stated that within the same started to become used to the cold, condition. The following are some amateur weather forecaster. You will pilot-rated-passenger in the Cessna 2010 have occurred in Idaho, all of • Water and air temperature of dealing with cold weather to we would literally cook from the species of warm-blooded animals, exposure became more comfortable. It strategies to help you overcome some then get better at recognizing the signs 310 contacted the Vero Beach Airport them leaving no survivors. Unlike • Cooling rate (wind chill factor) expand our “comfort zone.” The inside. This is why whales that beach populations with less massive just takes time. Proceed gradually and of these human limitations. of deteriorating weather, both by tower and advised that they were the Florida accident, all occurred in • Clothing indigenous people of the African themselves are in such danger. They individuals were more often found in avoid rapid exposure to the cold. If out-the-window observations and by “scud running up the coast” at 500 mountainous terrain – a treacherous • Physical work load Kalahari and Tierra del Fuego have are not like fish that need water to warm climates near the equator. you are tired, hungry and thirsty, you Get a weather briefing. The more accurately interpreting aviation feet to Sebastian Municipal Airport. combination when mixed with been noted to sleep almost naked in breathe. They need the water to cool Conversely, the farther one moved will feel much colder than otherwise, you get, the more knowledgeable you weather reports and forecasts. weather. Moisture-laden Pacific air You should consider these factors freezing temperatures. Lewis and off. What our bodies strive to do is from the equator into colder climates, so avoid being out in the cold in those will become about weather. Learn to Don’t get caught in the dark. At least arriving over the Western mountains when you decide how quickly you will It can be cold out there, even when Clark marveled at how the Mandan keep a balance between heat the larger and bulkier individuals in situations. Start with short exposures recognize the signs of deteriorating Comply with your personal weather one of the Idaho accidents occurred reduces ceilings and visibilities, be exposed to cold temperatures and the temperatures are not “that cold.” Indians were able to hunt bison during production and loss. We can then be that species became. Polar bears are and build up. Perhaps set the weather by accurately interpreting limits. VFR-into-IMC accidents have at night. You’ve heard the old adage: severely limiting options for VFR what protection, such as clothes, you Adapting to the climate is something the dead of winter with only meager active without spending extra energy an excellent example, compared to thermometer a bit lower in the house METARs, TAFs and FAs. Obtain occurred in weather conditions that flying in the day is no different than pilots. Too many have met their fate will wear. On a given day, a well we all have to do no matter where we clothing. Going from heated houses to to stay warm. In children, who have a brown bears. Joel Allen took this rule to help you acclimate and save you advisories on a regular basis from were higher than legal VFR flying at night, except you can’t see while scud running at low altitudes hydrated and well fed individual will are, especially when flying in the cold. heated offices in heated cars means we relatively large skin-surface area further in 1877, observing that money. If you end up shivering, you Flight Watch to ascertain any changes minimums. Yours, therefore, should anything! That’s why your personal below the clouds. Several have withstand colder temperatures better Being warm-blooded creatures, we don’t get much chance to allow our relative to their weight, it is more individuals living in warmer climates are probably overexposing yourself to in the weather ahead. Of course, be well above FAA regulatory weather minimums must be ventured into box canyons with than one who is thirsty and hungry. make up for this in a variety of ways natural adaptive abilities to help us. difficult to stay warm because they near the equator tended to have the cold, so perhaps put on a hat or briefings and updates are pointless if minimums – especially if you are an terrain that rises steeper than their The first individual will be better able but we cannot completely isolate Still, they are there and, given half a can lose heat so quickly. An adult, longer limbs than those living in another core layer such as a vest. Over you don’t heed their warnings. The inexperienced pilot. A multi-national aircraft can climb, or into narrow to create internal heat. This is also ourselves from the cold. This is chance, we can use them to make who has a relatively small skin colder climates. A body with longer time, and you will see that you can pilot-rated passenger in the Cessna study confirmed that VFR pilots with canyons with insufficient room to why it is so important to keep from especially true for those of us that outdoor activities more comfortable. surface area relative to their weight, limbs is less compact and has more better tolerate the cool. Your body has 310 obtained them several times – he the most liberal personal weather conduct a 180-degree turn. enjoy winter sports and winter flying. has an easier time keeping warm. It is surface area, resulting in more rapid getting dehydrated. Some the tools to adapt if you give it a loss of body heat. This is called Allen’s medications, such as alcohol, will chance. When spring comes and the The fact remains that these pilots Rule, which states a more compact cause flushing of the skin and increase air temperature warms up, you will made a choice – either by active body is better at retaining heat. heat loss, increasing the risk of lose the adaptation to cold. Your body deliberation or by passive default – hypothermia. will start to protect itself from Men and women differ with respect overheating by increasing your ability to ability to adapt to cold. Studies Cold acclimatization is the result of to lose heat through sweating and show that women are less susceptible gradually increasing your resistance to other mechanisms. to hypothermia and have a better cold injury through regular cold ability to limit heat loss. Men seem to exposure. As the season progresses, For now, think about cold tolerance. lose more total heat from higher skin you adapt to the cold and can tolerate Gradually increase daily exposure to temperatures than women do on cool times longer with greater the cold. Maybe take a walk around average. This higher skin temperature comfort. Most of us wear fewer layers the block during lunch and feel the seems related to a reduced tendency as the season goes on, even at the zing of the winter day. All this will to constrict skin blood vessels in men same or colder temperatures. In make you more tolerant to the cold relative to women. This may partially nature, true cold acclimatization and will make a winter day in the air explain why women are more likely involves at least three adaptations. much more fun. to have circulation problems such as First, it takes Raynaud’s Disease than men. Since ever-colder men tend to have a larger skin surface temperatures to area, they need to maintain a higher induce shivering as metabolic rate than women to stay your ability to warm. This means men burn energy generate and store faster than women. Overall, evidence internal heat shows that women can protect their becomes more core temperatures in the cold better efficient. Second, than men. This makes extreme your ability to sleep survival situations more problematic in the cold for men. increases. As the season progresses,

Winter 2014 Page 9

It is estimated that FOD costs major accumulated while traveling around still one of the deadliest, with a fatality airlines in the United States $26 per flight Idaho’s paved surface airports. Please be rate of almost 90 percent! This is why a in aircraft repairs, plus $312 in such sure to check your ramp area, taxiways, recent NTSB Safety Alert warns GA By Christina Tindle, M.A. and check-out for its G-1000, additional indirect costs as flight delays, runways and even your route to and pilots of the dangers of flying in Idaho Backcountry Pilot TU182, IO-470 and plane changes and fuel inefficiencies. from your aircraft. Bet you’ll find conditions of reduced visual references, IO-550 Cessna 185s, Piper something! Pick it up and dispose of it and why they added “hazardous By Dan Etter, Out of the three Many would say Icarus was a fool for Meridian, gyro, helicopter properly before it ends up in a tire, weather” in GA operations to this year’s ITD Division components in this flying too close to the sun. Actually, lessons, soaring, engine, or flight controls. Most Wanted List. of Aeronautics equation, I think we would he showed how close we can really ballooning, seaplane all agree that SHARE is the get. This positive perspective helped training, a Citabria for Rich VFR Flight into IMC: VFR-into-IMC results in controlled The first ever least utilized. I look at get me sort out huge grief, which Stowell’s spin instruction, It Won’t Happen to Me! flight into terrain (CFIT) or, in the case Idaho Aviation better tomorrow as the ultimately led me to paragliding after and a surprising favorite, a By Dale Wilson, Professor of of the Cessna 310 pilot in Florida, Safety overall aviation community my American Champion Scout was Piper PA-22 taildragger Aviation at CWU spatial disorientation (SD) and Standdown becoming more stolen three years ago, gone forever. with a twitchy attitude. Yet, uncontrolled flight into terrain. Most Source: faa.gov in the proposed operations took place in knowledgeable. It’s that From beneath a smothering blanket of I really wanted to touch the Why does a qualified pilot flying a involve relatively low-time private do not need an FAA-issued Boise on Friday, October 17th. Nearly place where we know more despair, I figured I’d never fly again, sun, so I had to reach perfectly good Cessna crash into a In a press release dated September 25, certificate of airworthiness 150 pilots gathered to hear from than we used to so that we forced to give up my greatest passion, further out of the box. wooded swamp in Florida, killing himself 2014, U.S. Transportation Secretary based on a finding they do national and local aviation safety do better today and get against my will. I believe in positive That’s when I called Chuck and his two passengers? The NTSB says it Anthony Foxx announced that the not pose a threat to national experts on topics pertaining to better in the days to follow. reframing of life’s difficulties, so after Smith, owner/instructor of was because of his “improper decision to Federal Aviation Administration airspace users or national human factors, aerodynamics, single significant grieving time, my Irish side the world-class, high-altitude continue visual flight rules (VFR) flight (FAA) has granted regulatory security. Those findings are pilot resource management, This year, today even, I rallied. Quitting is not why we face paragliding flight and training center, many flying records and awards, is a into instrument meteorological exemptions to six aerial photo and permitted under Section operational challenges in mountain challenge you to share what you’ve manufacturing are tagged with a serial darkness in life. Cruelty and FLY SUN VALLEY, (208-726-4055) USHPA Advanced Instructor, USHPA conditions (IMC) and his subsequent video production companies, the first 333 of the FAA and canyon areas, self-certification most recently learned. I genuinely number so if they are found they can located in my own backyard. Tandem Administrator, and has spatial disorientation.” step to allowing the film and Modernization and Reform (use of prescription and believe this could have an astounding be traced. personally flown over 4500 tandem television industry the use of Act of 2012. non-prescription drugs), how to impact. Think about your neighbors Paragliding is a gravity sport that flirts flights. No wonder when I asked him These types of accidents occur less than unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in prepare for an unexpected night in or coworkers who weren’t at the The “Damage” term was prevalent in with wind to remain aloft as long as to demonstrate flight parameters, he twice a month within the United States the National Airspace System. “Today’s the field, VFR into IMC, and the Aviation Safety Standdown and make a military circles, but has since been possible. The wing wants to fly; pilots smiled. I had no idea of the top Here’s a scary picture of what I’ve and Canada – a big improvement since Secretary Foxx made the announcement is a intimate relationship between ethics point to connect with them over the pre-empted by a definition of FOD that want to play. The terrain marks the performance maneuvers in store with personally accumulated or what the 1980s when they averaged more announcement on a conference call significant milestone in broadening The firms asked the agency to grant and aviation safety. next couple of weeks to share your looks at the “debris.” This shift was flight boundaries, gravity times the this world-class pro. other pilots at State Aeronautics have than twice a week. However, they are with FAA Administrator Michael commercial UAS use while ensuring exemptions from regulations that “take-aways” from this seminar. made “official” in the latest FAA descent, and only lift can prolong the Huerta and Chris Dodd, chairman we maintain our world-class safety address general flight rules, pilot The morning began at 7:30 with a Advisory Circulars FAA A/C clock. On the way down to the The Mt. Baldy launch peaks at 9150 and chief executive officer of the record in all forms of flight,” said certificate requirements, manuals, continental breakfast and meet and Our rigorous reflection to learn, apply, 150/5220-24 ‘Airport Foreign Object landing zone, gentle descents or ft. MSL and drops to a landing zone Motion Picture Association of Secretary Foxx. “These companies are maintenance and equipment greet among pilots from all around and share, will lead us to a better Debris (FOD) Detection Equipment’ mild-to-wild aerobatics win fun approximately 3400 ft. below, at America, Inc. blazing a trail that others are already mandates. To receive the exemptions, the Northwest. Many arrived early to tomorrow and ultimately a safer flying (2009) and FAA A/C 150/5210-24 points on the delight-meter. No flight 5700ft MSL. Paragliding here following, offering the promise of new the firms had to show their UAS secure a front and center seat. community. Thank you for making a ‘Airport Foreign Object Debris (FOD) is the same. Anticipation begins the requires advanced skills due to the Secretary Anthony Foxx also advances in agriculture and utility operations would not adversely affect difference one conversation at a time. Management.’ Eurocontrol, ECAC, and moment pilots run as strong as alpine landscape where weather determined that the UAS to be used safety and maintenance.” safety, or would provide at least an the ICAO have all rallied behind this possible, dragging wings down a changes quickly. It’s recommended equal level of safety to the rules from FOD new definition. As Iain McCreary of slope, let it “whomp” open from for P3 pilots who have mastered which they seek the exemptions. Insight SRI put it in a presentation to wind, and jump into open space, advanced maneuvering skills. That’s From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: NAPFI (August 2010), “You can have suspended, exposed…and why Sun Valley is revered by In their applications, the firms said the Internal FOD is damage or hazards debris present without damage, but grinning…over the topography. Europeans and Americans alike and operators will hold private pilot caused by foreign objects inside the never damage without debris.” disappointment can be harnessed to they fly Sun Valley every season, certificates, keep the UAS within line aircraft. For example, cockpit FOD is a Likewise, FOD prevention systems overcome emotional bombs rather Chuck flew tandem with me on my often setting records. The current of sight at all times and restrict flights situation where an item gets loose in work by sensing and detecting not the than remain defeated. What I didn’t second flight and I heard his Idaho state distance record of 149.5 Myth #1: The FAA doesn’t Myth #2: Commercial UAS flights to the “sterile area” on the set. In the cockpit and jams or restricts the damage but the actual debris. Thus know then was how my life would impressive resume. In 1987, he began miles was flown in August 2010 by control airspace below 400 feet. are OK if I’m over private granting the exemption, FAA accepted operation of the controls. Tool FOD is a FOD is now taken to mean the debris explode into an adventure of unusual a paragliding career in Switzerland, local pilot Nate Scales, who launched Fact–The FAA is responsible for the property and stay below 400 feet. these safety conditions, adding an serious hazard caused by tools left itself, and the resulting damage is aerodynamic breath starting with initially utilizing “parapentes” as a from “Baldy.” The 2006 US National safety of U.S. airspace from the Fact–The FAA published a Federal inspection of the aircraft before each inside the aircraft after manufacturing referred to as “FOD damage.” rentals of the usual suspects and descent tool for mountaineering Paragliding Championships were ground up. This misperception may Register notice in 2007 that clarified flight, and prohibiting operations at Our theme for this year’s event was or servicing. Tools or other items can culminated with paragliding. This activities in the Alps and later for held in Sun Valley with a total of five originate with the idea that manned the agency’s policy: You may not fly night. The agency also will issue “Learn+ Apply+ Share.” Expert Tony get tangled in control cables, jam Internationally, FOD costs the aviation come-back into aviation taught me climbs in the Rockies, Andes and tasks and 290 miles flown –the aircraft generally must stay at least Kern said it perfectly: moving parts, short out electrical industry $13 billion per year. The how close to the sun I could fly. There Himalayas. He helped form the farthest distance ever flown in a US 500 feet above the ground. connections, or otherwise interfere with indirect costs are as much as ten times was no way to predict that, after I American Paragliding Association, the paragliding competition. Day two of safe flight. Aircraft maintenance teams the direct cost value, representing bounced back from my grief, I would original governing body of the competition set another record usually have strict tool control delays, aircraft changes, incurred fuel launch a huge flying wing and dangle paragliding prior to its merger with for the longest task ever called and procedures, including toolbox costs and unscheduled maintenance, over a world-class paragliding site. the US Hang Gliding and Paragliding inventories, to ensure all tools have and causes expensive, significant Association (USHPA). He worked as a been removed from an aircraft before it damage to aircraft and parts and First, I tried anything: a Turbo Kit Fox test pilot for UP International and was is released for flight. Tools used during death and injury to workers, pilots taildragger, TU206 with sim-time a US National Champion. He holds and passengers.

was even told “VFR not recommended” minimums were more likely to fly from Flight Service Station – but, into IMC. Also, can you tell when the Radio Chatter despite low ceiling and visibility weather is approaching minimums? By: Tammy Schoen, Editor planning. Completion is expected by Unmanned Aircraft reports, they continued anyway. Researchers discovered that many to initiate or continue VFR flight into pilots fly into IMC because of their pilots – our accident pilot fits the mid December. Rick Laam, City Systems (UAS) adverse weather. I, and other safety Never stop learning about weather. inability to determine when they are profile – but an AOPA study also Henry’s Lake Administrator said, “We haven’t had a specialists, have spent most of our Take a weather course and practice in or nearing it. found that more than a third lot of money to put into the airport The UAS industry is rapidly careers trying to figure out why. what you’ve learned by making involved pilots with more than 1,000 A Fly-in was held at Henry’s Lake because airport improvements are expanding and expected to be one of What we’ve learned is that it’s not rule-of-thumb predictions based on Your personal minimums, however, hours of flight time. August 1-2 in less than cooperative expensive, even for a small airport. the largest growth industries within just the adverse weather that traps us existing weather conditions to become are only as good as your resolve to weather. Nola Orr reports that the Yet, the airport is being used more the next decade. North Idaho College – it’s our own fallible human what every successful pilot is – an adhere to them. The At least four of the accidents since only attendees were the four couples and more often. We have received two Training Center is offering three condition. The following are some amateur weather forecaster. You will pilot-rated-passenger in the Cessna 2010 have occurred in Idaho, all of who came in via ground transport requests for additional hangars in the courses. Students can participate strategies to help you overcome some then get better at recognizing the signs 310 contacted the Vero Beach Airport them leaving no survivors. Unlike and one intrepid motorcyclist. past two months.” through NIC or Idaho State of these human limitations. of deteriorating weather, both by tower and advised that they were the Florida accident, all occurred in Entertainment was provided by the University (ISU). out-the-window observations and by “scud running up the coast” at 500 mountainous terrain – a treacherous grand and glorious storm that In a rare move, the FAA covered 90 Get a weather briefing. The more accurately interpreting aviation feet to Sebastian Municipal Airport. combination when mixed with repeatedly threw lightning at percent of the funding necessary to This three-part seminar covers the you get, the more knowledgeable you weather reports and forecasts. weather. Moisture-laden Pacific air Sawtelle Peak. The barbecue, build the much-needed terminal history of the UAS, how it works and will become about weather. Learn to Don’t get caught in the dark. At least arriving over the Western mountains attended in the rain and wind, was building. The other 10 percent was real world applications. Each recognize the signs of deteriorating Comply with your personal weather one of the Idaho accidents occurred reduces ceilings and visibilities, none-the-less, delicious. shared between the community and three-hour session is taught by a weather by accurately interpreting limits. VFR-into-IMC accidents have at night. You’ve heard the old adage: severely limiting options for VFR Aeronautics. former military-trained UAS pilot. METARs, TAFs and FAs. Obtain occurred in weather conditions that flying in the day is no different than pilots. Too many have met their fate Saturday morning brought cleared 1. Course 1 - Introduction to advisories on a regular basis from were higher than legal VFR flying at night, except you can’t see while scud running at low altitudes skies and a number of folks from To get this type of funding, the Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) (2 Flight Watch to ascertain any changes minimums. Yours, therefore, should anything! That’s why your personal below the clouds. Several have southeastern Idaho flew in just in community must show that all other open Sections) in the weather ahead. Of course, be well above FAA regulatory weather minimums must be ventured into box canyons with time for breakfast, prepared by airside needs have been addressed and 2. Course 2 - Command, Control & briefings and updates are pointless if minimums – especially if you are an terrain that rises steeper than their Natalie Bergevin, President of the show there would be no other needs Communication Links (UAS) (2 open you don’t heed their warnings. The inexperienced pilot. A multi-national aircraft can climb, or into narrow EAA Chapter 407 and her husband, for several years after project sections) pilot-rated passenger in the Cessna study confirmed that VFR pilots with canyons with insufficient room to chef extraordinaire, Terry. completion. There are very few 3. Course 3 - Sensor & Payloads 310 obtained them several times – he the most liberal personal weather conduct a 180-degree turn. general aviation airports, even outside Henry’s Lake airstrip, at an altitude of of Idaho, who can say they have truly Applications (UAS) (2 open sections) For NIC – 208-769-3333 or search The fact remains that these pilots 6596 feet, is cared for by the CAP met all other needs for their airport. Eagle Rock SQD of Eastern ID 99’s unmanned on their website: made a choice – either by active www.nic.edu deliberation or by passive default – and Chapter 407. If you are in Orofino, stop in and see the new building and support this For ISU – 208-282-1059 or search Join us next year! For information on smaller, community airport. unmanned on their website: this and other activities, see www.isu.edu www.407.eaachapter.org. Caldwell Gets New Cool Sites! Nice Work Orofino! Business We will be sharing a few cool websites Cascade Aircraft Management or apps that we’ve found under this Company has recently moved into the heading. We would love to hear from old Kitfox hangar in Caldwell. you if you find something that could Cascade Aircraft Management assists be helpful to other pilots. in building experimental aircraft and www.ipadpilotnews.com/2014 also offers traditional maintenance • Tips and tricks, news and cool apps services such as paint, interior and for your iPad. avionics support. See their website for more information: www.cam-aero.com www.1800wxbrief.com • Offers easy-open easy-close flight plan features As you drive by the Orofino airport, Scholarships • Flight plan close reminders sent you’ll notice a new building. A 500 Available to cell, cockpit GPS device, square foot terminal building may and email. seem small, but it will make a big The Idaho Aviation Association has • Surveillance- Enhanced Search difference to the pilots and public scholarships available worth $3,000 and Rescue who fly into Orofino. Amenities each. Go to www.idahoaviation.com/ include a restroom, telephone, place scholarships.php for more information. YOUR AIRPORT . . . the most to rest and internet access for flight important Main Street in the city.

Page 10 Rudder Flutter

was even told “VFR not recommended” minimums were more likely to fly Safety Wire from Flight Service Station – but, into IMC. Also, can you tell when the Continued from page 7 despite low ceiling and visibility weather is approaching minimums? By: Tammy Schoen, Editor planning. Completion is expected by Unmanned Aircraft reports, they continued anyway. Researchers discovered that many to initiate or continue VFR flight into pilots fly into IMC because of their pilots – our accident pilot fits the mid December. Rick Laam, City Systems (UAS) adverse weather. I, and other safety Never stop learning about weather. inability to determine when they are profile – but an AOPA study also Henry’s Lake Administrator said, “We haven’t had a specialists, have spent most of our Take a weather course and practice in or nearing it. found that more than a third lot of money to put into the airport The UAS industry is rapidly careers trying to figure out why. what you’ve learned by making involved pilots with more than 1,000 A Fly-in was held at Henry’s Lake because airport improvements are expanding and expected to be one of What we’ve learned is that it’s not rule-of-thumb predictions based on Your personal minimums, however, hours of flight time. August 1-2 in less than cooperative expensive, even for a small airport. the largest growth industries within just the adverse weather that traps us existing weather conditions to become are only as good as your resolve to weather. Nola Orr reports that the Yet, the airport is being used more the next decade. North Idaho College – it’s our own fallible human what every successful pilot is – an adhere to them. The At least four of the accidents since only attendees were the four couples and more often. We have received two Training Center is offering three condition. The following are some amateur weather forecaster. You will pilot-rated-passenger in the Cessna 2010 have occurred in Idaho, all of who came in via ground transport requests for additional hangars in the courses. Students can participate strategies to help you overcome some then get better at recognizing the signs 310 contacted the Vero Beach Airport them leaving no survivors. Unlike and one intrepid motorcyclist. past two months.” through NIC or Idaho State of these human limitations. of deteriorating weather, both by tower and advised that they were the Florida accident, all occurred in Entertainment was provided by the University (ISU). out-the-window observations and by “scud running up the coast” at 500 mountainous terrain – a treacherous grand and glorious storm that In a rare move, the FAA covered 90 Get a weather briefing. The more accurately interpreting aviation feet to Sebastian Municipal Airport. combination when mixed with repeatedly threw lightning at percent of the funding necessary to This three-part seminar covers the you get, the more knowledgeable you weather reports and forecasts. weather. Moisture-laden Pacific air Sawtelle Peak. The barbecue, build the much-needed terminal history of the UAS, how it works and will become about weather. Learn to Don’t get caught in the dark. At least arriving over the Western mountains attended in the rain and wind, was building. The other 10 percent was real world applications. Each recognize the signs of deteriorating Comply with your personal weather one of the Idaho accidents occurred reduces ceilings and visibilities, none-the-less, delicious. shared between the community and three-hour session is taught by a weather by accurately interpreting limits. VFR-into-IMC accidents have at night. You’ve heard the old adage: severely limiting options for VFR Aeronautics. former military-trained UAS pilot. METARs, TAFs and FAs. Obtain occurred in weather conditions that flying in the day is no different than pilots. Too many have met their fate Saturday morning brought cleared 1. Course 1 - Introduction to advisories on a regular basis from were higher than legal VFR flying at night, except you can’t see while scud running at low altitudes skies and a number of folks from To get this type of funding, the Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) (2 Flight Watch to ascertain any changes minimums. Yours, therefore, should anything! That’s why your personal below the clouds. Several have southeastern Idaho flew in just in community must show that all other open Sections) in the weather ahead. Of course, be well above FAA regulatory weather minimums must be ventured into box canyons with time for breakfast, prepared by airside needs have been addressed and 2. Course 2 - Command, Control & briefings and updates are pointless if minimums – especially if you are an terrain that rises steeper than their Natalie Bergevin, President of the show there would be no other needs Communication Links (UAS) (2 open you don’t heed their warnings. The inexperienced pilot. A multi-national aircraft can climb, or into narrow EAA Chapter 407 and her husband, for several years after project sections) pilot-rated passenger in the Cessna study confirmed that VFR pilots with See Safety Wire canyons with insufficient room to chef extraordinaire, Terry. completion. There are very few 3. Course 3 - Sensor & Payloads 310 obtained them several times – he the most liberal personal weather Continued on page 22 conduct a 180-degree turn. general aviation airports, even outside Henry’s Lake airstrip, at an altitude of of Idaho, who can say they have truly Applications (UAS) (2 open sections) For NIC – 208-769-3333 or search The fact remains that these pilots 6596 feet, is cared for by the CAP met all other needs for their airport. Eagle Rock SQD of Eastern ID 99’s unmanned on their website: made a choice – either by active www.nic.edu deliberation or by passive default – and Chapter 407. If you are in Orofino, stop in and see the new building and support this For ISU – 208-282-1059 or search Join us next year! For information on smaller, community airport. unmanned on their website: this and other activities, see www.isu.edu www.407.eaachapter.org. Caldwell Gets New Cool Sites! Nice Work Orofino! Business We will be sharing a few cool websites Cascade Aircraft Management or apps that we’ve found under this Company has recently moved into the heading. We would love to hear from old Kitfox hangar in Caldwell. you if you find something that could Cascade Aircraft Management assists be helpful to other pilots. in building experimental aircraft and www.ipadpilotnews.com/2014 also offers traditional maintenance • Tips and tricks, news and cool apps services such as paint, interior and for your iPad. avionics support. See their website for more information: www.cam-aero.com www.1800wxbrief.com • Offers easy-open easy-close flight plan features As you drive by the Orofino airport, Scholarships • Flight plan close reminders sent you’ll notice a new building. A 500 Available to cell, cockpit GPS device, square foot terminal building may and email. seem small, but it will make a big The Idaho Aviation Association has • Surveillance- Enhanced Search difference to the pilots and public scholarships available worth $3,000 and Rescue who fly into Orofino. Amenities each. Go to www.idahoaviation.com/ include a restroom, telephone, place scholarships.php for more information. YOUR AIRPORT . . . the most to rest and internet access for flight important Main Street in the city.

Winter 2014 Page 11

and require the operator to have provided the aircraft are operated “in certified aircraft and pilots, as well as accordance with a community-based operating approval. To date, only two set of safety guidelines and within UAS models (the Scan Eagle and the programming of a nationwide Aerovironment’s Puma) have been community-based organization.” a UAS for commercial purposes by certified, and they can only fly in the claiming that you’re operating Arctic. Public entities (federal, state The FAA and the Academy of Model according to the Model Aircraft and local governments and public Aeronautics recently signed a guidelines (below 400 feet, 3 miles universities) may apply for a Certificate first-ever agreement that formalizes a from an airport, away from populated of Waiver or Authorization (COA) working relationship and establishes areas.) Commercial operations are a partnership for advancing safe only authorized on a case-by-case The FAA reviews and approves UAS model UAS operations. This basis. A commercial flight requires a operations over densely-populated agreement also lays the ground work certified aircraft, a licensed pilot and areas on a case-by-case basis. for enacting the model aircraft operating approval. provisions of Public Law 112-95, Sec Flying model aircraft solely for hobby 336. Modelers operating under the Myth #3: Commercial UAS or recreational reasons does not provisions of P.L. 112-95, Sec 336 operations are a “gray area” in require FAA approval. However, must comply with the safety FAA regulations. hobbyists are advised to operate their guidelines of a nationwide Fact–There are no shades of gray in aircraft in accordance with the community-based organization. FAA regulations. Anyone who wants to agency’s model aircraft guidelines (see fly an aircraft–manned or Advisory Circular 91-57). In the FAA unmanned–in U.S. airspace needs Modernization and some level of FAA approval. Private Reform Act of 2012 sector (civil) users can obtain an (Public Law 112-95, experimental airworthiness certificate Sec 336), Congress to conduct research and development, exempted model training and flight demonstrations. aircraft from new Commercial UAS operations are limited rules or regulations

CenterFold

The Color of Aviation: included Sulphur Creek, Morgan Ranch, Pistol Creek, Indian Creek, Thomas Creek, Mahoney, Falconberry Pioneers of Idaho’s Aerial Mail Routes Ranch, Lower Loon Creek, Bernard, By Laura Adams This route was managed and Flying B Ranch. A 1964 issue of by Johnson Flying Service The Cessna Pennant documented a In the early 1900s in Idaho, out of McCall, and story about Scherer entitled “Post establishment of mining towns in included 15 private Office with Wings” highlighting the remote locations created a demand airstrips and three USFS details of his unique job description. that aircraft could fulfill with greater fields. Evergreen Aviation Scherer got to fly an array of aircraft speed and efficiency than slower purchased Johnson Flying because Loening was a Cessna dealer, dog-sled, horse-, and foot-powered Service in 1975, but they but he was most often seen in the transportation. The first major did not hold the contract Cessna twin-engine Skymaster. Flying contracted aerial mail carriers in the for the Salmon Star Route out of Boise Municipal Airport, 1930s were Bennett Air Transport for long. Local Cascade using a concoction of whale oil, Scherer flew plenty of passengers Company and Johnson Flying resident, Ray Arnold, Bob Fogg, Bill Dorris, & mechanic Wilbur Burkart bee’s wax, and rosin to apply to along with deer and elk during Service. The skill level of the outbid the Oregon-based in front of Johnson’s Ford 4-AT Trimotor N7861. the bottom of the skis. You hunting season. backcountry pilots who pioneered company and successfully won the the first long-standing aerial pilot In 1942, Fogg began working as a would heat it up, while simultaneously these routes, and those who bid for the second Middle Fork route within Idaho to maintain a reliable, flight instructor for their Missoula using a blowtorch to heat up the ski, Each of his mail runs included 330 continue to fly them, requires as well. weekly mail delivery route. Raised by (Mont.) operation and eventually and then paintbrush it on while it was miles and about two hours of flying extensive knowledge and experience his single mother, a Cascade restaurant helped in the development of other real hot. It would last an average day of time to transport fuel, grocery orders, maneuvering in and out of For the first three years, the Middle owner, Fogg did not believe he had the facets of the business, such as flying, six or eight landings.” tractor tires, and other necessities, in high-altitude strips, tight canyons, Fork of the Salmon River route was means to pursue a university war-service pilot training programs, addition to the standard mail parcels. soft snow, and a fair amount of contracted to Roberts Flying Service education to become a doctor. Instead, air patrol for fire scouting and Fogg permanently relocated to McCall No day in this business is the same, cross-country traffic. out of Boise, and it included five he decided to pursue his second career firefighting, smoke jumping, aerial in 1943 as the manager of that base and no one knows this better than the private, three USFS, and two choice – aviation. timber spraying, aerial agricultural where he pioneered the regular mail legendary Ray Arnold, who now holds In his book, “Bound for the state-owned airstrips. Pilot Norman spraying and mail service. service route along the Salmon River. the last official aerial mail route Backcountry,” Richard Holm Ashe flew this route for Roberts in a After finishing high school, Fogg Flying more than three million miles contract in the continental United provides the history of the three mail Piper Tri-pacer. In 1963, Roberts sold worked for a local sawmill to pay for The first mail run Bob Johnson made and 22,000 hours in the backcountry States. Over the last 40 years, Ray and routes established during the 1950s the business to Mike Loening, a his first flying lesson at the Cascade out of Boise was in the winter of over 36 years lends itself to a few close his staff at Arnold Aviation have taken to service isolated ranches, hunting Cessna dealer. Pilot Bill Scherer flew airport from Dick Johnson, of Johnson 1928 to drop mail at the mining calls, and Fogg was not bashful about customer service in Idaho’s camps, and US Forest Service the route every Wednesday for six Flying Service. This relationship paved town of Atlanta. Wooden skis with sharing his harrowing stories. One of backcountry to a whole new level. (USFS) stations. The bones of these years until Loening sold his business the way for his exciting career with a copper nailed to the bottoms were his favorites is a tale about taking six In October, I had the pleasure of original routes still exist today. to Boise Air Service, which held the company known throughout the required to land there, as well as an hours to fly out of a snow pile in Big visiting Arnold Aviation and flying contract from 1969-1975. Northwest as one of the leading early morning departure to ensure Creek after making a January hay alongside Ray on his Wednesday pioneers in aviation. Following his that the soaked grass was frozen delivery. His closest call happened while route. Flying with a pilot whose plane The contract for the third route, from retirement in 1974, Fogg was formally solid for take-off. A couple of years working on a fire at the mouth of the is honestly an extension of himself, McCall to Warren, was first held by interviewed by Joe Bennett and Doug later, the Johnson’s hired pilot Middle Fork of the Salmon River, and who flies so naturally and steadily pilot Bob Fogg. The route was Jones. He had nothing but the highest Gordon Moore to fly the Idaho dropping cargo with a Travel Air. in and out of these remote airstrips, expanded to include the South Fork praise for company owners Dick and Highline out of Cascade, which was the opportunity of a lifetime. I of the Salmon River. In 1974, Jim Bob Johnson, describing them as included mining stops such as Reminiscing he admitted, “I had look forward to sharing a fascinating, Newcomb of McCall Flying Service visionary entrepreneurs who “were Stibnite, Yellow Pine and Big Creek. perhaps become a little negligent, in in-depth and intimate account of Ray’s inherited the South Fork portion, and unique in that if they could do thinking back…. That is what has killed stories with you in the next issue. Previously, dog teams were used for a couple of other pilots as well, a shortly thereafter, Fogg’s route as well. something with an airplane, they - Photos courtesy of Bill Fogg - Mike Dorris of McCall acquired this didn’t just pass it off.” Even more so, deliveries into these mining towns, downwind turn at low altitude. It’s a contract in 1981, and he continues Fogg was especially grateful to work but Johnson felt an airplane could no-no. I always making aerial deliveries to Warren, as for bosses who sincerely valued safety easily compete with the several-day watched it after that.” well as several South Fork airstrips. over financial gain. journey through the mountainous His contract allows mail delivery terrain, and they developed ski During the height of when the flying with a Travel Air 6000 for Fogg’s career in the roads are most of this type of winter work. early 1960s, Bill closed due Fogg explained, “Even though there Scherer began flying a to snow. had been ski flying, and lots of it, regular Wednesday The first major postwar route was done in Alaska, Johnson developed U.S. Postal Service called the Cabin Creek Route, and it Fogg, an some of the principals that were contract to 10 isolated was later renamed the Salmon River Idaho native, used in making an airplane slide in stations along the Star Route (or the main Salmon). is known as the snow conditions specific to Middle Fork of the Johnson Flying Service’s McCall Operation in the late 50s. Idaho…. They finally wound up Salmon River. The list Page 12 Rudder Flutter It is estimated that FOD costs major accumulated while traveling around still one of the deadliest, with a fatality airlines in the United States $26 per flight Idaho’s paved surface airports. Please be rate of almost 90 percent! This is why a in aircraft repairs, plus $312 in such sure to check your ramp area, taxiways, recent NTSB Safety Alert warns GA additional indirect costs as flight delays, runways and even your route to and pilots of the dangers of flying in plane changes and fuel inefficiencies. from your aircraft. Bet you’ll find conditions of reduced visual references, something! Pick it up and dispose of it and why they added “hazardous By Dan Etter, Out of the three properly before it ends up in a tire, weather” in GA operations to this year’s ITD Division components in this engine, or flight controls. Most Wanted List. of Aeronautics equation, I think we would all agree that SHARE is the VFR Flight into IMC: VFR-into-IMC results in controlled The first ever least utilized. I look at get It Won’t Happen to Me! flight into terrain (CFIT) or, in the case Idaho Aviation better tomorrow as the By Dale Wilson, Professor of of the Cessna 310 pilot in Florida, Safety overall aviation community Aviation at CWU spatial disorientation (SD) and Standdown becoming more uncontrolled flight into terrain. Most Source: faa.gov in the proposed operations took place in knowledgeable. It’s that Why does a qualified pilot flying a involve relatively low-time private do not need an FAA-issued Boise on Friday, October 17th. Nearly place where we know more perfectly good Cessna crash into a In a press release dated September 25, certificate of airworthiness 150 pilots gathered to hear from than we used to so that we wooded swamp in Florida, killing himself 2014, U.S. Transportation Secretary based on a finding they do national and local aviation safety do better today and get and his two passengers? The NTSB says it Anthony Foxx announced that the not pose a threat to national experts on topics pertaining to better in the days to follow. was because of his “improper decision to Federal Aviation Administration airspace users or national human factors, aerodynamics, single continue visual flight rules (VFR) flight (FAA) has granted regulatory security. Those findings are pilot resource management, This year, today even, I into instrument meteorological exemptions to six aerial photo and permitted under Section operational challenges in mountain challenge you to share what you’ve manufacturing are tagged with a serial conditions (IMC) and his subsequent video production companies, the first 333 of the FAA and canyon areas, self-certification most recently learned. I genuinely number so if they are found they can spatial disorientation.” step to allowing the film and Modernization and Reform (use of prescription and believe this could have an astounding be traced. television industry the use of Act of 2012. non-prescription drugs), how to impact. Think about your neighbors These types of accidents occur less than unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in prepare for an unexpected night in or coworkers who weren’t at the The “Damage” term was prevalent in twice a month within the United States the National Airspace System. “Today’s the field, VFR into IMC, and the Aviation Safety Standdown and make a military circles, but has since been Here’s a scary picture of what I’ve and Canada – a big improvement since Secretary Foxx made the announcement is a intimate relationship between ethics point to connect with them over the pre-empted by a definition of FOD that personally accumulated or what the 1980s when they averaged more announcement on a conference call significant milestone in broadening The firms asked the agency to grant and aviation safety. next couple of weeks to share your looks at the “debris.” This shift was other pilots at State Aeronautics have than twice a week. However, they are with FAA Administrator Michael commercial UAS use while ensuring exemptions from regulations that “take-aways” from this seminar. made “official” in the latest FAA Huerta and Chris Dodd, chairman we maintain our world-class safety address general flight rules, pilot The morning began at 7:30 with a Advisory Circulars FAA A/C and chief executive officer of the record in all forms of flight,” said certificate requirements, manuals, continental breakfast and meet and Our rigorous reflection to learn, apply, 150/5220-24 ‘Airport Foreign Object Motion Picture Association of Secretary Foxx. “These companies are maintenance and equipment greet among pilots from all around and share, will lead us to a better Debris (FOD) Detection Equipment’ America, Inc. blazing a trail that others are already mandates. To receive the exemptions, the Northwest. Many arrived early to tomorrow and ultimately a safer flying (2009) and FAA A/C 150/5210-24 following, offering the promise of new the firms had to show their UAS secure a front and center seat. community. Thank you for making a ‘Airport Foreign Object Debris (FOD) Secretary Anthony Foxx also advances in agriculture and utility operations would not adversely affect difference one conversation at a time. Management.’ Eurocontrol, ECAC, and determined that the UAS to be used safety and maintenance.” safety, or would provide at least an the ICAO have all rallied behind this equal level of safety to the rules from FOD new definition. As Iain McCreary of which they seek the exemptions. Insight SRI put it in a presentation to From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: NAPFI (August 2010), “You can have In their applications, the firms said the Internal FOD is damage or hazards debris present without damage, but operators will hold private pilot caused by foreign objects inside the never damage without debris.” certificates, keep the UAS within line aircraft. For example, cockpit FOD is a Likewise, FOD prevention systems of sight at all times and restrict flights situation where an item gets loose in work by sensing and detecting not the Myth #1: The FAA doesn’t Myth #2: Commercial UAS flights to the “sterile area” on the set. In the cockpit and jams or restricts the damage but the actual debris. Thus control airspace below 400 feet. are OK if I’m over private granting the exemption, FAA accepted operation of the controls. Tool FOD is a FOD is now taken to mean the debris Fact–The FAA is responsible for the property and stay below 400 feet. these safety conditions, adding an serious hazard caused by tools left itself, and the resulting damage is safety of U.S. airspace from the Fact–The FAA published a Federal inspection of the aircraft before each inside the aircraft after manufacturing referred to as “FOD damage.” ground up. This misperception may Register notice in 2007 that clarified flight, and prohibiting operations at Our theme for this year’s event was or servicing. Tools or other items can originate with the idea that manned the agency’s policy: You may not fly night. The agency also will issue “Learn+ Apply+ Share.” Expert Tony get tangled in control cables, jam Internationally, FOD costs the aviation aircraft generally must stay at least Kern said it perfectly: moving parts, short out electrical industry $13 billion per year. The 500 feet above the ground. connections, or otherwise interfere with indirect costs are as much as ten times safe flight. Aircraft maintenance teams the direct cost value, representing usually have strict tool control delays, aircraft changes, incurred fuel procedures, including toolbox costs and unscheduled maintenance, inventories, to ensure all tools have and causes expensive, significant been removed from an aircraft before it damage to aircraft and parts and is released for flight. Tools used during death and injury to workers, pilots and passengers.

The fact remains that these pilots made a choice – either by active deliberation or by passive default –

CenterFold

and require the operator to have provided the aircraft are operated “in The skill level of the included Sulphur Creek, Morgan certified aircraft and pilots, as well as accordance with a community-based Ranch, Pistol Creek, Indian Creek, backcountry pilots who operating approval. To date, only two set of safety guidelines and within Thomas Creek, Mahoney, Falconberry pioneered these routes, and UAS models (the Scan Eagle and the programming of a nationwide Ranch, Lower Loon Creek, Bernard, Aerovironment’s Puma) have been community-based organization.” those who continue to fly and Flying B Ranch. A 1964 issue of By Laura Adams This route was managed a UAS for commercial purposes by certified, and they can only fly in the them, requires extensive The Cessna Pennant documented a Certificates of Waiver or by Johnson Flying Service claiming that you’re operating Arctic. Public entities (federal, state The FAA and the Academy of Model story about Scherer entitled “Post Authorization (COAs) that mandate In the early 1900s in Idaho, out of McCall, and knowledge and experience according to the Model Aircraft and local governments and public Aeronautics recently signed a Office with Wings” highlighting the flight rules and timely reports of any establishment of mining towns in included 15 private maneuvering in guidelines (below 400 feet, 3 miles universities) may apply for a Certificate first-ever agreement that formalizes a details of his unique job description. accident or incidents. remote locations created a demand airstrips and three USFS from an airport, away from populated of Waiver or Authorization (COA) working relationship and establishes high-altitude strips, tougher Scherer got to fly an array of aircraft that aircraft could fulfill with greater fields. Evergreen Aviation areas.) Commercial operations are a partnership for advancing safe canyons, sinking snow, and because Loening was a Cessna dealer, “The applicants submitted UAS flight speed and efficiency than slower purchased Johnson Flying only authorized on a case-by-case The FAA reviews and approves UAS model UAS operations. This but he was most often seen in the manuals with detailed safety dog-sled, horse-, and foot-powered Service in 1975, but they a fair amount of basis. A commercial flight requires a operations over densely-populated agreement also lays the ground work Cessna twin-engine Skymaster. Flying procedures that were a key factor in transportation. The first major did not hold the contract cross-country traffic. certified aircraft, a licensed pilot and areas on a case-by-case basis. for enacting the model aircraft out of Boise Municipal Airport, our approval of their requests,” said contracted aerial mail carriers in the for the Salmon Star Route FAA Administrator Michael Huerta. operating approval. provisions of Public Law 112-95, Sec using a concoction of whale oil, Scherer flew plenty of passengers 1930s were Bennett Air Transport for long. Local Cascade Bob Fogg and Bob Johnson with The Ford “We are thoroughly satisfied these Flying model aircraft solely for hobby 336. Modelers operating under the bee’s wax, and rosin to apply to along with deer and elk during Company and Johnson Flying resident, Ray Arnold, at Red’s Ranch in the Wallowa’s. operations will not pose a hazard to Myth #3: Commercial UAS or recreational reasons does not provisions of P.L. 112-95, Sec 336 the bottom of the skis. You hunting season. Service. The skill level of the outbid the Oregon-based other aircraft or to people and operations are a “gray area” in require FAA approval. However, must comply with the safety backcountry pilots who pioneered company and successfully won the the first long-standing aerial pilot In 1942, Fogg began working as a would heat it up, while simultaneously FAA regulations. hobbyists are advised to operate their guidelines of a nationwide Each of his mail runs included 330 property on the ground.” these routes, and those who bid for the second Middle Fork route within Idaho to maintain a reliable, flight instructor for their Missoula using a blowtorch to heat up the ski, Fact–There are no shades of gray in aircraft in accordance with the community-based organization. (Mont.) operation and eventually and then paintbrush it on while it was miles and about two hours of flying continue to fly them, requires as well. weekly mail delivery route. Raised by The Motion Picture Association of FAA regulations. Anyone who wants to agency’s model aircraft guidelines (see helped in the development of other real hot. It would last an average day of time to transport fuel, grocery orders, extensive knowledge and experience his single mother, a Cascade restaurant America facilitated the exemption fly an aircraft–manned or Advisory Circular 91-57). In the FAA facets of the business, such as flying, six or eight landings.” tractor tires, and other necessities, in maneuvering in and out of For the first three years, the Middle owner, Fogg did not believe he had the requests on behalf of six members unmanned–in U.S. airspace needs Modernization and war-service pilot training programs, addition to the standard mail parcels. high-altitude strips, tight canyons, Fork of the Salmon River route was means to pursue a university and has asked for additional some level of FAA approval. Private Reform Act of 2012 air patrol for fire scouting and Fogg permanently relocated to McCall No day in this business is the same, soft snow, and a fair amount of contracted to Roberts Flying Service education to become a doctor. Instead, information from a seventh. sector (civil) users can obtain an (Public Law 112-95, firefighting, smoke jumping, aerial in 1943 as the manager of that base and no one knows this better than the cross-country traffic. out of Boise, and it included five he decided to pursue his second career experimental airworthiness certificate Sec 336), Congress timber spraying, aerial agricultural where he pioneered the regular mail legendary Ray Arnold, who now holds private, three USFS, and two choice – aviation. The FAA encourages other industry to conduct research and development, exempted model spraying and mail service. service route along the Salmon River. the last official aerial mail route In his book, “Bound for the state-owned airstrips. Pilot Norman associations to work with interested training and flight demonstrations. aircraft from new Flying more than three million miles contract in the continental United Backcountry,” Richard Holm Ashe flew this route for Roberts in a After finishing high school, Fogg parties to develop safety manuals and Commercial UAS operations are limited rules or regulations The first mail run Bob Johnson made and 22,000 hours in the backcountry States. Over the last 40 years, Ray and provides the history of the three mail Piper Tri-pacer. In 1963, Roberts sold worked for a local sawmill to pay for standard operating procedures that out of Boise was in the winter of over 36 years lends itself to a few close his staff at Arnold Aviation have taken routes established during the 1950s the business to Mike Loening, a his first flying lesson at the Cascade will help facilitate similar petitions. 1928 to drop mail at the mining calls, and Fogg was not bashful about customer service in Idaho’s to service isolated ranches, hunting Cessna dealer. Pilot Bill Scherer flew airport from Dick Johnson, of Johnson As of today, the agency is considering town of Atlanta. Wooden skis with sharing his harrowing stories. One of backcountry to a whole new level. camps, and US Forest Service the route every Wednesday for six Flying Service. This relationship paved 40 requests for exemptions from copper nailed to the bottoms were his favorites is a tale about taking six In October, I had the pleasure of (USFS) stations. The bones of these years until Loening sold his business the way for his exciting career with a other commercial entities. original routes still exist today. to Boise Air Service, which held the company known throughout the required to land there, as well as an hours to fly out of a snow pile in Big visiting Arnold Aviation and flying early morning departure to ensure Creek after making a January hay alongside Ray on his Wednesday contract from 1969-1975. Northwest as one of the leading You can view the FAA’s exemption that the soaked grass was frozen delivery. His closest call happened while route. Flying with a pilot whose plane pioneers in aviation. Following his grants at www.faa.gov/uas/ solid for take-off. A couple of years working on a fire at the mouth of the is honestly an extension of himself, The contract for the third route, from retirement in 1974, Fogg was formally legislative_programs/section_333/ later, the Johnson’s hired pilot Middle Fork of the Salmon River, and who flies so naturally and steadily McCall to Warren, was first held by interviewed by Joe Bennett and Doug For more information on the FAA Gordon Moore to fly the Idaho dropping cargo with a Travel Air. in and out of these remote airstrips, pilot Bob Fogg. The route was Jones. He had nothing but the highest and UAS, go to www.faa.gov/ Highline out of Cascade, which was the opportunity of a lifetime. I expanded to include the South Fork praise for company owners Dick and about/initiatives/uas/ of the Salmon River. In 1974, Jim Bob Johnson, describing them as included mining stops such as Reminiscing he admitted, “I had look forward to sharing a fascinating, Newcomb of McCall Flying Service visionary entrepreneurs who “were Stibnite, Yellow Pine and Big Creek. perhaps become a little negligent, in in-depth and intimate account of Ray’s inherited the South Fork portion, and unique in that if they could do thinking back…. That is what has killed stories with you in the next issue. Previously, dog teams were used for a couple of other pilots as well, a shortly thereafter, Fogg’s route as well. something with an airplane, they - Photos courtesy of Bill Fogg - Mike Dorris of McCall acquired this didn’t just pass it off.” Even more so, deliveries into these mining towns, downwind turn at low altitude. It’s a contract in 1981, and he continues Fogg was especially grateful to work but Johnson felt an airplane could no-no. I always making aerial deliveries to Warren, as for bosses who sincerely valued safety easily compete with the several-day watched it after that.” well as several South Fork airstrips. over financial gain. journey through the mountainous His contract allows mail delivery terrain, and they developed ski During the height of when the flying with a Travel Air 6000 for Fogg’s career in the roads are most of this type of winter work. early 1960s, Bill closed due Fogg explained, “Even though there Scherer began flying a to snow. had been ski flying, and lots of it, regular Wednesday The first major postwar route was done in Alaska, Johnson developed U.S. Postal Service called the Cabin Creek Route, and it Fogg, an some of the principals that were contract to 10 isolated was later renamed the Salmon River Idaho native, used in making an airplane slide in stations along the Star Route (or the main Salmon). is known as the snow conditions specific to Middle Fork of the Idaho…. They finally wound up Salmon River. The list

Winter 2014 Page 13

The fact remains that these pilots made a choice – either by active deliberation or by passive default –

Happy Anniversary Ponderosa Aero Club! and require the operator to have provided the aircraft are operated “in Bookworm certified aircraft and pilots, as well as accordance with a community-based By Greg Neu of Pat Peterson, operating approval. To date, only two set of safety guidelines and within another Amelia Was Right! UAS models (the Scan Eagle and the programming of a nationwide Ponderosa Aero Club (PAC) is founding Aerovironment’s Puma) have been community-based organization.” celebrating their fortieth year of member and By Gene Nora Jessen Certificates of Waiver or a UAS for commercial purposes by certified, and they can only fly in the providing aircraft rental and flight Idaho Aviation Book Review by Laura Adams Authorization (COAs) that mandate claiming that you’re operating Arctic. Public entities (federal, state The FAA and the Academy of Model training in a club environment to Hall of Fame flight rules and timely reports of any according to the Model Aircraft and local governments and public Aeronautics recently signed a Boise and the surrounding area. Since honoree. A collection of short stories laid out accident or incidents. guidelines (below 400 feet, 3 miles universities) may apply for a Certificate first-ever agreement that formalizes a their humble beginning in 1974, Accompanying chronologically titled “Amelia Was from an airport, away from populated of Waiver or Authorization (COA) working relationship and establishes hundreds of individuals, with the Debby was her Right!” is an autobiography of “The applicants submitted UAS flight areas.) Commercial operations are a partnership for advancing safe professional training provided by daughter Sara. Myron shared stories renowned Idaho aviatrix, Gene Nora manuals with detailed safety only authorized on a case-by-case The FAA reviews and approves UAS model UAS operations. This Ponderosa instructors, have earned the on the impetus that led him and Pat Jessen. In an entertaining, procedures that were a key factor in basis. A commercial flight requires a operations over densely-populated agreement also lays the ground work privilege to pilot a personal aircraft Peterson, Patrick Ryan, James light-hearted fashion, Gene Nora our approval of their requests,” said certified aircraft, a licensed pilot and areas on a case-by-case basis. for enacting the model aircraft and enjoy the boundless freedom it Scanlin and Ted Walters, to form candidly describes her journey in FAA Administrator Michael Huerta. operating approval. provisions of Public Law 112-95, Sec brings. Several members have gone on what would become Ponderosa Aero aviation over the last six decades. “We are thoroughly satisfied these Flying model aircraft solely for hobby 336. Modelers operating under the to successful flying careers in the Club. Sara reflected on her memories operations will not pose a hazard to Myth #3: Commercial UAS or recreational reasons does not provisions of P.L. 112-95, Sec 336 civilian or military realms. Many have of growing up around PAC in the other aircraft or to people and operations are a “gray area” in require FAA approval. However, must comply with the safety taken this form of time travel and used early years and her dad’s lifelong property on the ground.” FAA regulations. hobbyists are advised to operate their guidelines of a nationwide it in their business or professional passion with aviation. Fact–There are no shades of gray in aircraft in accordance with the community-based organization. career. But, the majority are folks The Motion Picture Association of FAA regulations. Anyone who wants to agency’s model aircraft guidelines (see fulfilling a dream of flying - making Safety was Pat’s foremost contribution America facilitated the exemption fly an aircraft–manned or Advisory Circular 91-57). In the FAA that quick trip into the back country, a and lasting legacy to Ponderosa. He requests on behalf of six members unmanned–in U.S. airspace needs Modernization and short hop to McCall for breakfast or laid the foundation that we continue and has asked for additional some level of FAA approval. Private Reform Act of 2012 sightseeing around the valley. to built upon. It is instilling a information from a seventh. sector (civil) users can obtain an (Public Law 112-95, mindset of safety first in our pilots, experimental airworthiness certificate Sec 336), Congress which is the fundamental reason why The FAA encourages other industry to conduct research and development, exempted model PAC can proudly boast never having associations to work with interested training and flight demonstrations. aircraft from new had a major accident. The event was parties to develop safety manuals and Commercial UAS operations are limited rules or regulations a great opportunity for members to standard operating procedures that learn a little history and meet a As an aviator, this tenacious woman will help facilitate similar petitions. founder of what has become one of has experienced more adventures As of today, the agency is considering the most successful flying clubs in than most of us could possibly dream 40 requests for exemptions from the northwest. of. Gene Nora, like Amelia Earhart, other commercial entities. attributes her fun times to Ponderosa Aero Club looks forward aviation-related pursuits and hanging You can view the FAA’s exemption to carrying on its’ time-honored around with pilots. When asked, grants at www.faa.gov/uas/ Debby and Myron commitment to providing affordable “Why do you fly?” Her usual legislative_programs/section_333/ On Saturday, August 23, 2014, PAC flying and promoting General response is “For the adventure, For more information on the FAA celebrated their anniversary by Aviation as we fly headlong toward delving into the unknown, something and UAS, go to www.faa.gov/ hosting a barbeque for current and our 50th anniversary. new, for the fun of it, seeing ‘the about/initiatives/uas/ former members as well as world,’ curiosity and challenge.” prospective new members. If you find yourself in Boise, flying or Distinguished guests included otherwise, feel free to drop by and The Civil Air Patrol proved to be the Myron Gilbert, one of five founding say hello. We are located on the catalyst that initially ignited her members, and Debby Peterson, wife south side of BOI at 4888 W. Aeronca passion for flying. After that, her life next to Lifeflight. centered around flying - flight the most engaging aviation books I’ve instructing, aircraft sales, air racing, read. And, it is an easy read, the kind and the 99s. Undeterred by a of book you can set down and pick male-dominated industry, Gene Nora’s back up like the newspaper. While life is a testament to equality in delivering fascinating aviation history aviation. You would not believe the personably, this book is sure to inspire pilots and people she has met. Vivid want-to-be-pilots to have some fun descriptions mixed with choice photos and sign up for their first lesson. embellish her stories in a way that keeps you chuckling as you read. “Amelia Was Right!” is available at the Warhawk Air Museum and the Honestly recounted, her tales of Boise Pilot Shop or by contacting the triumph and mishaps make this one of author directly at [email protected]. Page 14 Rudder Flutter

It is estimated that FOD costs major accumulated while traveling around still one of the deadliest, with a fatality airlines in the United States $26 per flight Idaho’s paved surface airports. Please be rate of almost 90 percent! This is why a in aircraft repairs, plus $312 in such sure to check your ramp area, taxiways, recent NTSB Safety Alert warns GA By Christina Tindle, M.A. and check-out for its G-1000, additional indirect costs as flight delays, runways and even your route to and pilots of the dangers of flying in Idaho Backcountry Pilot TU182, IO-470 and plane changes and fuel inefficiencies. from your aircraft. Bet you’ll find conditions of reduced visual references, IO-550 Cessna 185s, Piper something! Pick it up and dispose of it and why they added “hazardous By Dan Etter, Out of the three Many would say Icarus was a fool for Meridian, gyro, helicopter properly before it ends up in a tire, weather” in GA operations to this year’s ITD Division components in this flying too close to the sun. Actually, lessons, soaring, engine, or flight controls. Most Wanted List. of Aeronautics equation, I think we would he showed how close we can really ballooning, seaplane all agree that SHARE is the get. This positive perspective helped training, a Citabria for Rich VFR Flight into IMC: VFR-into-IMC results in controlled The first ever least utilized. I look at get me sort out huge grief, which Stowell’s spin instruction, It Won’t Happen to Me! flight into terrain (CFIT) or, in the case Idaho Aviation better tomorrow as the ultimately led me to paragliding after and a surprising favorite, a By Dale Wilson, Professor of of the Cessna 310 pilot in Florida, Safety overall aviation community my American Champion Scout was Piper PA-22 taildragger Aviation at CWU spatial disorientation (SD) and Standdown becoming more stolen three years ago, gone forever. with a twitchy attitude. Yet, uncontrolled flight into terrain. Most Source: faa.gov in the proposed operations took place in knowledgeable. It’s that From beneath a smothering blanket of I really wanted to touch the Why does a qualified pilot flying a involve relatively low-time private do not need an FAA-issued Boise on Friday, October 17th. Nearly place where we know more despair, I figured I’d never fly again, sun, so I had to reach perfectly good Cessna crash into a In a press release dated September 25, certificate of airworthiness 150 pilots gathered to hear from than we used to so that we forced to give up my greatest passion, further out of the box. wooded swamp in Florida, killing himself 2014, U.S. Transportation Secretary based on a finding they do national and local aviation safety do better today and get against my will. I believe in positive That’s when I called Chuck and his two passengers? The NTSB says it Anthony Foxx announced that the not pose a threat to national experts on topics pertaining to better in the days to follow. reframing of life’s difficulties, so after Smith, owner/instructor of was because of his “improper decision to Federal Aviation Administration airspace users or national human factors, aerodynamics, single significant grieving time, my Irish side the world-class, high-altitude continue visual flight rules (VFR) flight (FAA) has granted regulatory security. Those findings are pilot resource management, This year, today even, I rallied. Quitting is not why we face paragliding flight and training center, many flying records and awards, is a into instrument meteorological exemptions to six aerial photo and permitted under Section operational challenges in mountain challenge you to share what you’ve manufacturing are tagged with a serial darkness in life. Cruelty and FLY SUN VALLEY, (208-726-4055) USHPA Advanced Instructor, USHPA conditions (IMC) and his subsequent video production companies, the first 333 of the FAA and canyon areas, self-certification most recently learned. I genuinely number so if they are found they can located in my own backyard. Tandem Administrator, and has spatial disorientation.” step to allowing the film and Modernization and Reform (use of prescription and believe this could have an astounding be traced. personally flown over 4500 tandem television industry the use of Act of 2012. non-prescription drugs), how to impact. Think about your neighbors Paragliding is a gravity sport that flirts flights. No wonder when I asked him These types of accidents occur less than unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in prepare for an unexpected night in or coworkers who weren’t at the The “Damage” term was prevalent in with wind to remain aloft as long as to demonstrate flight parameters, he twice a month within the United States the National Airspace System. “Today’s the field, VFR into IMC, and the Aviation Safety Standdown and make a military circles, but has since been possible. The wing wants to fly; pilots smiled. I had no idea of the top Here’s a scary picture of what I’ve and Canada – a big improvement since Secretary Foxx made the announcement is a intimate relationship between ethics point to connect with them over the pre-empted by a definition of FOD that want to play. The terrain marks the performance maneuvers in store with personally accumulated or what the 1980s when they averaged more announcement on a conference call significant milestone in broadening The firms asked the agency to grant and aviation safety. next couple of weeks to share your looks at the “debris.” This shift was flight boundaries, gravity times the this world-class pro. other pilots at State Aeronautics have than twice a week. However, they are with FAA Administrator Michael commercial UAS use while ensuring exemptions from regulations that “take-aways” from this seminar. made “official” in the latest FAA descent, and only lift can prolong the Huerta and Chris Dodd, chairman we maintain our world-class safety address general flight rules, pilot The morning began at 7:30 with a Advisory Circulars FAA A/C clock. On the way down to the The Mt. Baldy launch peaks at 9150 and chief executive officer of the record in all forms of flight,” said certificate requirements, manuals, continental breakfast and meet and Our rigorous reflection to learn, apply, 150/5220-24 ‘Airport Foreign Object landing zone, gentle descents or ft. MSL and drops to a landing zone Motion Picture Association of Secretary Foxx. “These companies are maintenance and equipment greet among pilots from all around and share, will lead us to a better Debris (FOD) Detection Equipment’ mild-to-wild aerobatics win fun approximately 3400 ft. below, at America, Inc. blazing a trail that others are already mandates. To receive the exemptions, the Northwest. Many arrived early to tomorrow and ultimately a safer flying (2009) and FAA A/C 150/5210-24 points on the delight-meter. No flight 5700ft MSL. Paragliding here following, offering the promise of new the firms had to show their UAS secure a front and center seat. community. Thank you for making a ‘Airport Foreign Object Debris (FOD) is the same. Anticipation begins the requires advanced skills due to the Secretary Anthony Foxx also advances in agriculture and utility operations would not adversely affect difference one conversation at a time. Management.’ Eurocontrol, ECAC, and moment pilots run as strong as alpine landscape where weather determined that the UAS to be used safety and maintenance.” safety, or would provide at least an the ICAO have all rallied behind this possible, dragging wings down a changes quickly. It’s recommended equal level of safety to the rules from FOD new definition. As Iain McCreary of slope, let it “whomp” open from for P3 pilots who have mastered which they seek the exemptions. Insight SRI put it in a presentation to wind, and jump into open space, advanced maneuvering skills. That’s From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: NAPFI (August 2010), “You can have suspended, exposed…and why Sun Valley is revered by In their applications, the firms said the Internal FOD is damage or hazards debris present without damage, but grinning…over the topography. Europeans and Americans alike and operators will hold private pilot caused by foreign objects inside the never damage without debris.” disappointment can be harnessed to they fly Sun Valley every season, certificates, keep the UAS within line aircraft. For example, cockpit FOD is a Likewise, FOD prevention systems overcome emotional bombs rather Chuck flew tandem with me on my often setting records. The current of sight at all times and restrict flights situation where an item gets loose in work by sensing and detecting not the than remain defeated. What I didn’t second flight and I heard his Idaho state distance record of 149.5 Myth #1: The FAA doesn’t Myth #2: Commercial UAS flights to the “sterile area” on the set. In the cockpit and jams or restricts the damage but the actual debris. Thus know then was how my life would impressive resume. In 1987, he began miles was flown in August 2010 by control airspace below 400 feet. are OK if I’m over private granting the exemption, FAA accepted operation of the controls. Tool FOD is a FOD is now taken to mean the debris explode into an adventure of unusual a paragliding career in Switzerland, local pilot Nate Scales, who launched Fact–The FAA is responsible for the property and stay below 400 feet. these safety conditions, adding an serious hazard caused by tools left itself, and the resulting damage is aerodynamic breath starting with initially utilizing “parapentes” as a from “Baldy.” The 2006 US National safety of U.S. airspace from the Fact–The FAA published a Federal inspection of the aircraft before each inside the aircraft after manufacturing referred to as “FOD damage.” rentals of the usual suspects and descent tool for mountaineering Paragliding Championships were ground up. This misperception may Register notice in 2007 that clarified flight, and prohibiting operations at Our theme for this year’s event was or servicing. Tools or other items can culminated with paragliding. This activities in the Alps and later for held in Sun Valley with a total of five originate with the idea that manned the agency’s policy: You may not fly night. The agency also will issue “Learn+ Apply+ Share.” Expert Tony get tangled in control cables, jam Internationally, FOD costs the aviation come-back into aviation taught me climbs in the Rockies, Andes and tasks and 290 miles flown –the aircraft generally must stay at least Kern said it perfectly: moving parts, short out electrical industry $13 billion per year. The how close to the sun I could fly. There Himalayas. He helped form the farthest distance ever flown in a US 500 feet above the ground. connections, or otherwise interfere with indirect costs are as much as ten times was no way to predict that, after I American Paragliding Association, the paragliding competition. Day two of safe flight. Aircraft maintenance teams the direct cost value, representing bounced back from my grief, I would original governing body of the competition set another record usually have strict tool control delays, aircraft changes, incurred fuel launch a huge flying wing and dangle paragliding prior to its merger with for the longest task ever called and procedures, including toolbox costs and unscheduled maintenance, over a world-class paragliding site. the US Hang Gliding and Paragliding inventories, to ensure all tools have and causes expensive, significant Association (USHPA). He worked as a been removed from an aircraft before it damage to aircraft and parts and First, I tried anything: a Turbo Kit Fox test pilot for UP International and was is released for flight. Tools used during death and injury to workers, pilots taildragger, TU206 with sim-time a US National Champion. He holds and passengers.

The fact remains that these pilots made a choice – either by active deliberation or by passive default –

zone which exceeded red-line on my and require the operator to have provided the aircraft are operated “in aerodynamic fun-meter. certified aircraft and pilots, as well as accordance with a community-based Calendar of Events operating approval. To date, only two set of safety guidelines and within UAS models (the Scan Eagle and the programming of a nationwide ONGOING EVENTS DECEMBER Besides high intensity joy, it’s a convenient sport too. Paragliders pack Aerovironment’s Puma) have been community-based organization.” By Gene Nora Jessen BOI CLOSURES: Beginning the middle of May there will be phased Certificates of Waiver or completed in US paragliding history their portable rigs to Mexico, across a UAS for commercial purposes by certified, and they can only fly in the Book Review by Laura Adams 6 EAA Chapter 407 Annual Christmas Party construction projects happening at the Boise Airport for up to four Blackfoot (U02), [email protected] or 208-785-8600 Authorization (COAs) that mandate of 78 miles. Baldy’s accolades are the USA, or to Europe to meet others claiming that you’re operating Arctic. Public entities (federal, state The FAA and the Academy of Model months. Be sure to check NOTAMs before flying in and out of BOI. flight rules and timely reports of any continuous and justified. who share common passion for flying, according to the Model Aircraft and local governments and public Aeronautics recently signed a A collection of short stories laid out 9 IAA Treasure Valley Chapter Christmas accident or incidents. travel, and people. Paragliding is guidelines (below 400 feet, 3 miles universities) may apply for a Certificate first-ever agreement that formalizes a chronologically titled “Amelia Was First Tuesday of every month: 10 am - Warhawk Air Museum hosts Party, at the Warhawk Air Museum, Nampa. Guest speaker: Robert Yet, as a veteran of fixed wings, the convenient, challenging, technical, from an airport, away from populated of Waiver or Authorization (COA) working relationship and establishes Right!” is an autobiography of WWII conversation and friendship. All veterans welcome, 208-465-6446 “Hoot“ Gibson “The applicants submitted UAS flight concept of engine-free flying, and exhilarating. Depending on areas.) Commercial operations are a partnership for advancing safe renowned Idaho aviatrix, Gene Nora manuals with detailed safety hanging in a harness and helmet, conditions, or the pilot’s desires, it can only authorized on a case-by-case The FAA reviews and approves UAS model UAS operations. This NOVEMBER For the most recent list of aviation events, please visit our Jessen. In an entertaining, procedures that were a key factor in exposed to elements, seemed be relaxing too. Any way the wing is basis. A commercial flight requires a operations over densely-populated agreement also lays the ground work light-hearted fashion, Gene Nora website at www.itd.idaho.gov/aero. Email your calendar event 22 EAA Fly-in Breakfast, Blackfoot (U02), our approval of their requests,” said intimidating. The glide proved to be flown, it’s a way to fly closer to your certified aircraft, a licensed pilot and areas on a case-by-case basis. for enacting the model aircraft candidly describes her journey in information to [email protected] for inclusion in the [email protected] or 208-785-8600 Rudder Flutter and the Aeronautics website. FAA Administrator Michael Huerta. an instruction in concentrated own sun. operating approval. provisions of Public Law 112-95, Sec aviation over the last six decades. “We are thoroughly satisfied these aerodynamics with 360s, spins, Flying model aircraft solely for hobby 336. Modelers operating under the operations will not pose a hazard to unlimited banks, and being direct Paragliding invigorates any flight Myth #3: Commercial UAS or recreational reasons does not provisions of P.L. 112-95, Sec 336 other aircraft or to people and linkage to the flight controls. We proficiency because you are one with operations are a “gray area” in require FAA approval. However, must comply with the safety property on the ground.” chased lift in order to maintain a wing and breeze. Hang-time over FAA regulations. hobbyists are advised to operate their guidelines of a nationwide aerobatic dance or gentle glides. mountains, banking, swinging Fact–There are no shades of gray in aircraft in accordance with the community-based organization. The Motion Picture Association of wingovers, or catching lift to FAA regulations. Anyone who wants to agency’s model aircraft guidelines (see America facilitated the exemption remain aloft, flyers must fly an aircraft–manned or Advisory Circular 91-57). In the FAA requests on behalf of six members interact with the wind in unmanned–in U.S. airspace needs Modernization and and has asked for additional ways that most fixed-wing some level of FAA approval. Private Reform Act of 2012 information from a seventh. aircraft pilots don’t sector (civil) users can obtain an (Public Law 112-95, experience within closed experimental airworthiness certificate Sec 336), Congress The FAA encourages other industry cockpits. This type of to conduct research and development, exempted model associations to work with interested alternate flight yields a training and flight demonstrations. aircraft from new parties to develop safety manuals and positive transfer of learning Commercial UAS operations are limited rules or regulations standard operating procedures that that scrubs off aerodynamic As an aviator, this tenacious woman will help facilitate similar petitions. skill decay, buffs out has experienced more adventures As of today, the agency is considering complacency, redefines than most of us could possibly dream 40 requests for exemptions from confidence, and for me, of. Gene Nora, like Amelia Earhart, other commercial entities. slammed-dunked any attributes her fun times to residual self-pity for the theft aviation-related pursuits and hanging You can view the FAA’s exemption With no cockpit, we were exposed to of my airplane. In fact, I’m grateful for around with pilots. When asked, grants at www.faa.gov/uas/ all aerodynamics and employed that theft because my world never “Why do you fly?” Her usual legislative_programs/section_333/ direct feel of the cables. Pilots are would have hit an all-time aviation response is “For the adventure, For more information on the FAA buffeted by winds, eddies, thermals, high today or introduced me to the delving into the unknown, something and UAS, go to www.faa.gov/ shadows/sun effects, and Venturi, all amazing people, places, and new new, for the fun of it, seeing ‘the about/initiatives/uas/ which enhances one’s flight skills forms of flight. world,’ curiosity and challenge.” through aerodynamic experience, not theory. It’s both seat-of-the-pants There’s no scarcity for ways to remain The Civil Air Patrol proved to be the and hands-on flying, all at once. aloft. A pilot’s legacy should reflect catalyst that initially ignited her that the reason to reach further is passion for flying. After that, her life Highlights during the flight simply to reach further, not the most engaging aviation books I’ve centered around flying - flight included when Chuck pitted his necessarily just for a rating or new read. And, it is an easy read, the kind instructing, aircraft sales, air racing, It’s that time of year to proficiency against the wing’s endorsement, lest we fall for the of book you can set down and pick and the 99s. Undeterred by a performance with six contiguous hollowness of success. We reach back up like the newspaper. While male-dominated industry, Gene Nora’s switch out survival wingovers, a maneuver in which the further because we can, and in the delivering fascinating aviation history life is a testament to equality in kits, or add a few items wing turns at the top of a steep end, with our last breath, it’s about personably, this book is sure to inspire aviation. You would not believe the climb and flies back along its knowing we reached as far as we, want-to-be-pilots to have some fun pilots and people she has met. Vivid to better prepare you original path as the pilot swings individually, were capable of for a life and sign up for their first lesson. descriptions mixed with choice photos and your passengers over the wing. My grin burst into well lived. That makes the difference embellish her stories in a way that laughter as he next performed a between an ordinary life and an “Amelia Was Right!” is available at keeps you chuckling as you read. for an unexpected death-spiral descent of several extraordinary one. Call Chuck at FLY the Warhawk Air Museum and the night in the field. 110-degree+ banks to the landing SUN VALLEY and go as close to your Boise Pilot Shop or by contacting the Honestly recounted, her tales of own sun as you dare. triumph and mishaps make this one of author directly at [email protected]. Winter 2014 Page 15

William Foote, Ponderosa Aero Club Manager, is the Chief Instructor designated for the Idaho FIRC plus additional speakers & mentors who are experts on their topic.

It is estimated that FOD costs major accumulated while traveling around still one of the deadliest, with a fatality airlines in the United States $26 per flight Idaho’s paved surface airports. Please be rate of almost 90 percent! This is why a in aircraft repairs, plus $312 in such sure to check your ramp area, taxiways, recent NTSB Safety Alert warns GA By Christina Tindle, M.A. and check-out for its G-1000, additional indirect costs as flight delays, runways and even your route to and pilots of the dangers of flying in Idaho Backcountry Pilot TU182, IO-470 and plane changes and fuel inefficiencies. from your aircraft. Bet you’ll find conditions of reduced visual references, IO-550 Cessna 185s, Piper something! Pick it up and dispose of it and why they added “hazardous By Dan Etter, Out of the three Many would say Icarus was a fool for Meridian, gyro, helicopter properly before it ends up in a tire, weather” in GA operations to this year’s ITD Division components in this flying too close to the sun. Actually, lessons, soaring, engine, or flight controls. Most Wanted List. of Aeronautics equation, I think we would he showed how close we can really ballooning, seaplane all agree that SHARE is the get. This positive perspective helped training, a Citabria for Rich VFR Flight into IMC: VFR-into-IMC results in controlled The first ever least utilized. I look at get me sort out huge grief, which Stowell’s spin instruction, It Won’t Happen to Me! flight into terrain (CFIT) or, in the case Idaho Aviation better tomorrow as the ultimately led me to paragliding after and a surprising favorite, a By Dale Wilson, Professor of of the Cessna 310 pilot in Florida, Safety overall aviation community my American Champion Scout was Piper PA-22 taildragger Aviation at CWU spatial disorientation (SD) and Standdown becoming more stolen three years ago, gone forever. with a twitchy attitude. Yet, uncontrolled flight into terrain. Most Source: faa.gov in the proposed operations took place in knowledgeable. It’s that From beneath a smothering blanket of I really wanted to touch the Why does a qualified pilot flying a involve relatively low-time private do not need an FAA-issued Boise on Friday, October 17th. Nearly place where we know more despair, I figured I’d never fly again, sun, so I had to reach perfectly good Cessna crash into a In a press release dated September 25, certificate of airworthiness 150 pilots gathered to hear from than we used to so that we forced to give up my greatest passion, further out of the box. wooded swamp in Florida, killing himself 2014, U.S. Transportation Secretary based on a finding they do national and local aviation safety do better today and get against my will. I believe in positive That’s when I called Chuck and his two passengers? The NTSB says it Anthony Foxx announced that the not pose a threat to national experts on topics pertaining to better in the days to follow. reframing of life’s difficulties, so after Smith, owner/instructor of was because of his “improper decision to Federal Aviation Administration airspace users or national human factors, aerodynamics, single significant grieving time, my Irish side the world-class, high-altitude continue visual flight rules (VFR) flight (FAA) has granted regulatory security. Those findings are pilot resource management, This year, today even, I rallied. Quitting is not why we face paragliding flight and training center, many flying records and awards, is a into instrument meteorological exemptions to six aerial photo and permitted under Section operational challenges in mountain challenge you to share what you’ve manufacturing are tagged with a serial darkness in life. Cruelty and FLY SUN VALLEY, (208-726-4055) USHPA Advanced Instructor, USHPA conditions (IMC) and his subsequent video production companies, the first 333 of the FAA and canyon areas, self-certification most recently learned. I genuinely number so if they are found they can located in my own backyard. Tandem Administrator, and has spatial disorientation.” step to allowing the film and Modernization and Reform (use of prescription and believe this could have an astounding be traced. personally flown over 4500 tandem television industry the use of Act of 2012. non-prescription drugs), how to impact. Think about your neighbors Paragliding is a gravity sport that flirts flights. No wonder when I asked him These types of accidents occur less than unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in prepare for an unexpected night in or coworkers who weren’t at the The “Damage” term was prevalent in with wind to remain aloft as long as to demonstrate flight parameters, he twice a month within the United States the National Airspace System. “Today’s the field, VFR into IMC, and the Aviation Safety Standdown and make a military circles, but has since been possible. The wing wants to fly; pilots smiled. I had no idea of the top Here’s a scary picture of what I’ve and Canada – a big improvement since Secretary Foxx made the announcement is a intimate relationship between ethics point to connect with them over the pre-empted by a definition of FOD that want to play. The terrain marks the performance maneuvers in store with personally accumulated or what the 1980s when they averaged more announcement on a conference call significant milestone in broadening The firms asked the agency to grant and aviation safety. next couple of weeks to share your looks at the “debris.” This shift was flight boundaries, gravity times the this world-class pro. other pilots at State Aeronautics have than twice a week. However, they are with FAA Administrator Michael commercial UAS use while ensuring exemptions from regulations that “take-aways” from this seminar. made “official” in the latest FAA descent, and only lift can prolong the Huerta and Chris Dodd, chairman we maintain our world-class safety address general flight rules, pilot The morning began at 7:30 with a Advisory Circulars FAA A/C clock. On the way down to the The Mt. Baldy launch peaks at 9150 and chief executive officer of the record in all forms of flight,” said certificate requirements, manuals, continental breakfast and meet and Our rigorous reflection to learn, apply, 150/5220-24 ‘Airport Foreign Object landing zone, gentle descents or ft. MSL and drops to a landing zone Motion Picture Association of Secretary Foxx. “These companies are maintenance and equipment greet among pilots from all around and share, will lead us to a better Debris (FOD) Detection Equipment’ mild-to-wild aerobatics win fun approximately 3400 ft. below, at America, Inc. blazing a trail that others are already mandates. To receive the exemptions, the Northwest. Many arrived early to tomorrow and ultimately a safer flying (2009) and FAA A/C 150/5210-24 points on the delight-meter. No flight 5700ft MSL. Paragliding here following, offering the promise of new the firms had to show their UAS secure a front and center seat. community. Thank you for making a ‘Airport Foreign Object Debris (FOD) is the same. Anticipation begins the requires advanced skills due to the Secretary Anthony Foxx also advances in agriculture and utility operations would not adversely affect difference one conversation at a time. Management.’ Eurocontrol, ECAC, and moment pilots run as strong as alpine landscape where weather determined that the UAS to be used safety and maintenance.” safety, or would provide at least an the ICAO have all rallied behind this possible, dragging wings down a changes quickly. It’s recommended equal level of safety to the rules from FOD new definition. As Iain McCreary of slope, let it “whomp” open from for P3 pilots who have mastered which they seek the exemptions. Insight SRI put it in a presentation to wind, and jump into open space, advanced maneuvering skills. That’s From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: NAPFI (August 2010), “You can have suspended, exposed…and why Sun Valley is revered by In their applications, the firms said the Internal FOD is damage or hazards debris present without damage, but grinning…over the topography. Europeans and Americans alike and operators will hold private pilot caused by foreign objects inside the never damage without debris.” disappointment can be harnessed to they fly Sun Valley every season, certificates, keep the UAS within line aircraft. For example, cockpit FOD is a Likewise, FOD prevention systems overcome emotional bombs rather Chuck flew tandem with me on my often setting records. The current of sight at all times and restrict flights situation where an item gets loose in work by sensing and detecting not the than remain defeated. What I didn’t second flight and I heard his Idaho state distance record of 149.5 Myth #1: The FAA doesn’t Myth #2: Commercial UAS flights to the “sterile area” on the set. In the cockpit and jams or restricts the damage but the actual debris. Thus know then was how my life would impressive resume. In 1987, he began miles was flown in August 2010 by control airspace below 400 feet. are OK if I’m over private granting the exemption, FAA accepted operation of the controls. Tool FOD is a FOD is now taken to mean the debris explode into an adventure of unusual a paragliding career in Switzerland, local pilot Nate Scales, who launched Fact–The FAA is responsible for the property and stay below 400 feet. these safety conditions, adding an serious hazard caused by tools left itself, and the resulting damage is aerodynamic breath starting with initially utilizing “parapentes” as a from “Baldy.” The 2006 US National safety of U.S. airspace from the Fact–The FAA published a Federal inspection of the aircraft before each inside the aircraft after manufacturing referred to as “FOD damage.” rentals of the usual suspects and descent tool for mountaineering Paragliding Championships were ground up. This misperception may Register notice in 2007 that clarified flight, and prohibiting operations at Our theme for this year’s event was or servicing. Tools or other items can culminated with paragliding. This activities in the Alps and later for held in Sun Valley with a total of five originate with the idea that manned the agency’s policy: You may not fly night. The agency also will issue “Learn+ Apply+ Share.” Expert Tony get tangled in control cables, jam Internationally, FOD costs the aviation come-back into aviation taught me climbs in the Rockies, Andes and tasks and 290 miles flown –the aircraft generally must stay at least Kern said it perfectly: moving parts, short out electrical industry $13 billion per year. The how close to the sun I could fly. There Himalayas. He helped form the farthest distance ever flown in a US 500 feet above the ground. connections, or otherwise interfere with indirect costs are as much as ten times was no way to predict that, after I American Paragliding Association, the paragliding competition. Day two of safe flight. Aircraft maintenance teams the direct cost value, representing bounced back from my grief, I would original governing body of the competition set another record usually have strict tool control delays, aircraft changes, incurred fuel launch a huge flying wing and dangle paragliding prior to its merger with for the longest task ever called and procedures, including toolbox costs and unscheduled maintenance, over a world-class paragliding site. the US Hang Gliding and Paragliding inventories, to ensure all tools have and causes expensive, significant Association (USHPA). He worked as a been removed from an aircraft before it damage to aircraft and parts and First, I tried anything: a Turbo Kit Fox test pilot for UP International and was is released for flight. Tools used during death and injury to workers, pilots taildragger, TU206 with sim-time a US National Champion. He holds and passengers.

The fact remains that these pilots made a choice – either by active deliberation or by passive default –

zone which exceeded red-line on my and require the operator to have provided the aircraft are operated “in UAS Paragliding aerodynamic fun-meter. certified aircraft and pilots, as well as accordance with a community-based operating approval. To date, only two set of safety guidelines and within Continued from page 1 Continued from page 3 Besides high intensity joy, it’s a UAS models (the Scan Eagle and the programming of a nationwide convenient sport too. Paragliders pack Aerovironment’s Puma) have been community-based organization.” Certificates of Waiver or completed in US paragliding history their portable rigs to Mexico, across a UAS for commercial purposes by certified, and they can only fly in the Authorization (COAs) that mandate of 78 miles. Baldy’s accolades are the USA, or to Europe to meet others claiming that you’re operating Arctic. Public entities (federal, state The FAA and the Academy of Model flight rules and timely reports of any continuous and justified. who share common passion for flying, according to the Model Aircraft and local governments and public Aeronautics recently signed a accident or incidents. travel, and people. Paragliding is guidelines (below 400 feet, 3 miles universities) may apply for a Certificate first-ever agreement that formalizes a Yet, as a veteran of fixed wings, the convenient, challenging, technical, from an airport, away from populated of Waiver or Authorization (COA) working relationship and establishes “The applicants submitted UAS flight concept of engine-free flying, and exhilarating. Depending on areas.) Commercial operations are a partnership for advancing safe manuals with detailed safety hanging in a harness and helmet, conditions, or the pilot’s desires, it can only authorized on a case-by-case The FAA reviews and approves UAS model UAS operations. This procedures that were a key factor in exposed to elements, seemed be relaxing too. Any way the wing is basis. A commercial flight requires a operations over densely-populated agreement also lays the ground work our approval of their requests,” said intimidating. The glide proved to be flown, it’s a way to fly closer to your certified aircraft, a licensed pilot and areas on a case-by-case basis. for enacting the model aircraft FAA Administrator Michael Huerta. an instruction in concentrated own sun. operating approval. provisions of Public Law 112-95, Sec “We are thoroughly satisfied these aerodynamics with 360s, spins, Flying model aircraft solely for hobby 336. Modelers operating under the operations will not pose a hazard to unlimited banks, and being direct Paragliding invigorates any flight Myth #3: Commercial UAS or recreational reasons does not provisions of P.L. 112-95, Sec 336 other aircraft or to people and linkage to the flight controls. We proficiency because you are one with operations are a “gray area” in require FAA approval. However, must comply with the safety property on the ground.” chased lift in order to maintain a wing and breeze. Hang-time over FAA regulations. hobbyists are advised to operate their guidelines of a nationwide aerobatic dance or gentle glides. mountains, banking, swinging Fact–There are no shades of gray in aircraft in accordance with the community-based organization. The Motion Picture Association of wingovers, or catching lift to FAA regulations. Anyone who wants to agency’s model aircraft guidelines (see America facilitated the exemption remain aloft, flyers must fly an aircraft–manned or Advisory Circular 91-57). In the FAA requests on behalf of six members interact with the wind in unmanned–in U.S. airspace needs Modernization and and has asked for additional ways that most fixed-wing some level of FAA approval. Private Reform Act of 2012 information from a seventh. aircraft pilots don’t sector (civil) users can obtain an (Public Law 112-95, experience within closed experimental airworthiness certificate Sec 336), Congress The FAA encourages other industry cockpits. This type of to conduct research and development, exempted model associations to work with interested alternate flight yields a training and flight demonstrations. aircraft from new parties to develop safety manuals and positive transfer of learning Commercial UAS operations are limited rules or regulations standard operating procedures that that scrubs off aerodynamic will help facilitate similar petitions. skill decay, buffs out As of today, the agency is considering complacency, redefines 40 requests for exemptions from confidence, and for me, other commercial entities. slammed-dunked any residual self-pity for the theft You can view the FAA’s exemption With no cockpit, we were exposed to of my airplane. In fact, I’m grateful for grants at www.faa.gov/uas/ all aerodynamics and employed that theft because my world never legislative_programs/section_333/ direct feel of the cables. Pilots are would have hit an all-time aviation For more information on the FAA buffeted by winds, eddies, thermals, high today or introduced me to the and UAS, go to www.faa.gov/ shadows/sun effects, and Venturi, all amazing people, places, and new about/initiatives/uas/ which enhances one’s flight skills forms of flight. through aerodynamic experience, not theory. It’s both seat-of-the-pants There’s no scarcity for ways to remain and hands-on flying, all at once. aloft. A pilot’s legacy should reflect that the reason to reach further is Do you want a FREE Highlights during the flight simply to reach further, not included when Chuck pitted his necessarily just for a rating or new subscription to the proficiency against the wing’s endorsement, lest we fall for the Rudder Flutter? performance with six contiguous hollowness of success. We reach wingovers, a maneuver in which the further because we can, and in the Contact the Division of wing turns at the top of a steep end, with our last breath, it’s about climb and flies back along its knowing we reached as far as we, Aeronautics at original path as the pilot swings individually, were capable of for a life 208-334-8775 or email over the wing. My grin burst into well lived. That makes the difference [email protected] laughter as he next performed a between an ordinary life and an death-spiral descent of several extraordinary one. Call Chuck at FLY 110-degree+ banks to the landing SUN VALLEY and go as close to your own sun as you dare.

Page 16 Rudder Flutter

The fact remains that these pilots made a choice – either by active deliberation or by passive default –

and require the operator to have provided the aircraft are operated “in Myth Busters certified aircraft and pilots, as well as accordance with a community-based operating approval. To date, only two set of safety guidelines and within Continued from page 1 UAS models (the Scan Eagle and the programming of a nationwide Aerovironment’s Puma) have been community-based organization.” a UAS for commercial purposes by certified, and they can only fly in the claiming that you’re operating Arctic. Public entities (federal, state The FAA and the Academy of Model according to the Model Aircraft and local governments and public Aeronautics recently signed a guidelines (below 400 feet, 3 miles universities) may apply for a Certificate first-ever agreement that formalizes a from an airport, away from populated of Waiver or Authorization (COA) working relationship and establishes areas.) Commercial operations are a partnership for advancing safe only authorized on a case-by-case The FAA reviews and approves UAS model UAS operations. This basis. A commercial flight requires a operations over densely-populated agreement also lays the ground work certified aircraft, a licensed pilot and areas on a case-by-case basis. for enacting the model aircraft operating approval. provisions of Public Law 112-95, Sec Flying model aircraft solely for hobby 336. Modelers operating under the Myth #3: Commercial UAS or recreational reasons does not provisions of P.L. 112-95, Sec 336 operations are a “gray area” in require FAA approval. However, must comply with the safety FAA regulations. hobbyists are advised to operate their guidelines of a nationwide Fact–There are no shades of gray in aircraft in accordance with the community-based organization. FAA regulations. Anyone who wants to agency’s model aircraft guidelines (see fly an aircraft–manned or Advisory Circular 91-57). In the FAA unmanned–in U.S. airspace needs Modernization and some level of FAA approval. Private Reform Act of 2012 sector (civil) users can obtain an (Public Law 112-95, Worried? Aircraft late? experimental airworthiness certificate Sec 336), Congress Call Idaho State Communications to conduct research and development, exempted model training and flight demonstrations. aircraft from new 208-846-7600 or 800-632-8000 Commercial UAS operations are limited rules or regulations

Winter 2014 Page 17

The spot landing and the flour drop This ain’t no Mamby Pamby Project! were well supported. Something I had By: Frank Lester, Happily Retired recorder with me I use to log ideas never seen before was a tie in the spot for stories. I laid it on the table, landing. But on this day, two aircraft Do you know what Orlando Bloom, thinking it would be fun to interview hit the mark. Bob Hoff of Idaho Falls Steven Spielberg, Cher and Richard Jenna about her project and hear brought his Staggerwing for a static Branson all have in common? They about it in her own words. What display. John Gregory had his float were all seen in the crowd at Jenna resulted was a conversation with a plane right next to it. The breakfast Nelson’s fly-in in Challis. smart, confident young woman, went off without a hitch. Many undaunted by a disability. visitors from the town and the school Nah, just kidding, but each, like “What is Bob Hoff’s Staggerwing on low attended, interested as much in Jenna, had to overcome the challenge Senior approach - photo by Shiley Nelson supporting Jenna as in seeing just of dyslexia. Project coming out to the fly-in but they what the heck went on at a fly-in. and why don’t need to be there. Most were so Dyslexia, also known as did you intrigued by my project that they “No. I had to call them up to The highpoint of the morning were Developmental Reading Disorder or choose a wanted to be there.” confirm if they were coming and to the prizes: plastic drinking cups from DRD, is a condition that affects areas fly-in?” I answer questions.” a local business for the participants; of the brain that help interpret began. “Has it been difficult?” AvFuel donated books; Mike Hartz Without question, a great fly-in. An language. It doesn’t interfere with the With the enormous support she representing the Idaho Aviation unusual fly-in, for a senior project, ability to think or to understand Pete and Jenna Nelson measuring a “Yes. Some of it has been difficult-I received from Pete, Shi, her younger Association donated a year’s yes. Planned, organized and executed complex ideas, only with the ability flour drop - photo by Shiley Nelson had to do two copies of the flyers to sister Courtney and the people of subscription of ForeFlight for iPad; by one very smart and confident to process the information. Most “It is a new graduation requirement for send out and getting ahold of people Challis, Jenna never worried about Middlefork Aviation donated two, young lady. I was totally impressed by faced with this challenge have normal Idaho seniors.” Jenna explained. was a challenge. The most the success of the event. She knew $250 Visa gift cards for the winners of her dedication and her courage, intelligence; many have (Under the new Common Core challenging part will be the six-page there was one factor, though, she had the spot landing and the flour drop. especially in light of the challenges above-average intelligence. education standards, Idaho high paper. I am going to do my paper on no control over–the weather. Like The grand prize drawing was a she faced. Pete and Shiley couldn’t school seniors are required to backcountry flying. I have to give a any aviator, she’d deal with it. $1,000 fuel credit with Middlefork say enough about her I must admit, and I believe I am not complete a Senior Project in order to 15-minute presentation summarizing Aviation, donated by John Gregory. accomplishments when I asked them. alone; I was in the dark about DRD. I graduate. This ain’t no push over, how the event went and what Well, the event was a rousing Not only fun, but rewarding for three Their pride radiated from the smiles assumed it to be an untreatable mamby pamby project either.) “You happened. The paper has to be success. Weather did play a small very lucky winners. on their faces. condition similar to autism. However, must complete a six-page paper on a something related to the event.” part but about 20 planes made it in. a little research quickly enlightened topic related to your project, a me. The list of those who overcame 15-minute presentation about your “Are you feeling any butterflies about dyslexia, including the four I project-how you did it-the good things the fly-in?” mentioned earlier, was eye opening: and the bad things you dealt with, and George Patton, Albert Einstein, F. you must get the project done. If you “No.” Scott Fitzgerald, Richard Engle, get a zero on any one section, you Agatha Christie, Walt Disney, George cannot graduate because each is so With Washington, Jackie Stewart, Nolan heavily weighted, you couldn’t Pete’s and Ryan, Muhammad Ali, Leonardo da recover. I picked a fly-in because I Shiley’s Vinci, Tommy Hilfiger, and the list wanted to do something about back- goes on. It is obviously not an aviation. I was going to get my private ground in obstacle to success and, with early license but couldn’t do that and running a detection, individual education, and a school, so I decided to do the fly-in.” flying boatload of support and positive business, Justin Lamb, flour drop reinforcement, the effects of dyslexia “I’m sure not many kids have done holding a winner with Jenna Nelson can be minimized. that. What are some of the other fly-in - photo by Shiley Nelson projects they are doing?” I asked. made perfect sense to Jenna. She So what does all this have to do with spent the summer organizing aviation you ask? Well, as I mentioned “Fly tying, saddle making, wood volunteers, finding donations for previously, Jenna Nelson, the eldest working, camps, dance lessons, picnic prizes and activities, securing daughter of Pete and Shiley Nelson of tables, grill guards, horse training.” discounts and donations of food, Middlefork Aviation, held a fly-in. tables and chairs. There was no “Do faculty members evaluate your shortage of those willing to help. I Jenna invited me to Challis to help progress and do you have to make asked her to tell me about the most judge two of the events she planned periodic reports?” difficult problem she encountered. to include. While there, sitting with Jenna and her parents after dinner, “You have a portfolio you have to “Asking for donations,” she answered. we discussed the fly-in, which was make and you have a monthly review “I don’t like asking for donations.” scheduled to take place the following with your adviser. There will be morning. I had a small digital some staff members of the school “Was dealing with strangers difficult?” It is estimated that FOD costs major accumulated while traveling around still one of the deadliest, with a fatality airlines in the United States $26 per flight Idaho’s paved surface airports. Please be rate of almost 90 percent! This is why a in aircraft repairs, plus $312 in such sure to check your ramp area, taxiways, recent NTSB Safety Alert warns GA additional indirect costs as flight delays, runways and even your route to and pilots of the dangers of flying in plane changes and fuel inefficiencies. from your aircraft. Bet you’ll find conditions of reduced visual references, something! Pick it up and dispose of it and why they added “hazardous By Dan Etter, Out of the three properly before it ends up in a tire, weather” in GA operations to this year’s ITD Division components in this engine, or flight controls. Most Wanted List. of Aeronautics equation, I think we would all agree that SHARE is the VFR Flight into IMC: VFR-into-IMC results in controlled The first ever least utilized. I look at get It Won’t Happen to Me! flight into terrain (CFIT) or, in the case Idaho Aviation better tomorrow as the By Dale Wilson, Professor of of the Cessna 310 pilot in Florida, Safety overall aviation community Aviation at CWU spatial disorientation (SD) and Standdown becoming more uncontrolled flight into terrain. Most took place in knowledgeable. It’s that Why does a qualified pilot flying a involve relatively low-time private Boise on Friday, October 17th. Nearly place where we know more perfectly good Cessna crash into a 150 pilots gathered to hear from than we used to so that we wooded swamp in Florida, killing himself national and local aviation safety do better today and get and his two passengers? The NTSB says it experts on topics pertaining to better in the days to follow. was because of his “improper decision to human factors, aerodynamics, single continue visual flight rules (VFR) flight pilot resource management, This year, today even, I into instrument meteorological operational challenges in mountain challenge you to share what you’ve manufacturing are tagged with a serial conditions (IMC) and his subsequent and canyon areas, self-certification most recently learned. I genuinely number so if they are found they can spatial disorientation.” (use of prescription and believe this could have an astounding be traced. non-prescription drugs), how to impact. Think about your neighbors These types of accidents occur less than prepare for an unexpected night in or coworkers who weren’t at the The “Damage” term was prevalent in twice a month within the United States the field, VFR into IMC, and the Aviation Safety Standdown and make a military circles, but has since been Here’s a scary picture of what I’ve and Canada – a big improvement since intimate relationship between ethics point to connect with them over the pre-empted by a definition of FOD that personally accumulated or what the 1980s when they averaged more and aviation safety. next couple of weeks to share your looks at the “debris.” This shift was other pilots at State Aeronautics have than twice a week. However, they are “take-aways” from this seminar. made “official” in the latest FAA The morning began at 7:30 with a Advisory Circulars FAA A/C continental breakfast and meet and Our rigorous reflection to learn, apply, 150/5220-24 ‘Airport Foreign Object greet among pilots from all around and share, will lead us to a better Debris (FOD) Detection Equipment’ the Northwest. Many arrived early to tomorrow and ultimately a safer flying (2009) and FAA A/C 150/5210-24 secure a front and center seat. community. Thank you for making a ‘Airport Foreign Object Debris (FOD) difference one conversation at a time. Management.’ Eurocontrol, ECAC, and the ICAO have all rallied behind this FOD new definition. As Iain McCreary of Insight SRI put it in a presentation to From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: NAPFI (August 2010), “You can have Internal FOD is damage or hazards debris present without damage, but caused by foreign objects inside the never damage without debris.” aircraft. For example, cockpit FOD is a Likewise, FOD prevention systems situation where an item gets loose in work by sensing and detecting not the the cockpit and jams or restricts the damage but the actual debris. Thus operation of the controls. Tool FOD is a FOD is now taken to mean the debris serious hazard caused by tools left itself, and the resulting damage is inside the aircraft after manufacturing referred to as “FOD damage.” Our theme for this year’s event was or servicing. Tools or other items can “Learn+ Apply+ Share.” Expert Tony get tangled in control cables, jam Internationally, FOD costs the aviation Kern said it perfectly: moving parts, short out electrical industry $13 billion per year. The connections, or otherwise interfere with indirect costs are as much as ten times safe flight. Aircraft maintenance teams the direct cost value, representing usually have strict tool control delays, aircraft changes, incurred fuel procedures, including toolbox costs and unscheduled maintenance, inventories, to ensure all tools have and causes expensive, significant been removed from an aircraft before it damage to aircraft and parts and is released for flight. Tools used during death and injury to workers, pilots and passengers.

The fact remains that these pilots made a choice – either by active deliberation or by passive default –

The spot landing and the flour drop of $85. However, when given a choice weather and is one of many complex unpopular. It take assertiveness mixed Ask for help. The pilots of the Cessna can help you get through this were well supported. Something I had between a sure loss of $85 and an 85 and unconscious psychological factors with diplomacy to effectively asked Orlando ATC for help; scenario, as long as you maintain By: Frank Lester, Happily Retired recorder with me I use to log ideas never seen before was a tie in the spot percent chance of losing $100, most of that influence our decision to press on communicate your intentions to unfortunately, it was too late. Pilots are aircraft control and your composure. for stories. I laid it on the table, landing. But on this day, two aircraft us are risk seeking and will choose the – a condition we call get-home-itis. others, but you have the responsibility reluctant to ask for help, but fessing Also, don’t be more afraid of the Do you know what Orlando Bloom, thinking it would be fun to interview hit the mark. Bob Hoff of Idaho Falls significantly higher at night and why chance of losing the $100. If we frame Recent statistics confirm the existence and authority as PIC to do that – don’t up to ATC could save your life. They possible repercussions of requiring Steven Spielberg, Cher and Richard Jenna about her project and hear brought his Staggerwing for a static you should always fly over our decision in terms of the certain of the last-leg syndrome: most of these let a family member, a friend, a boss, can vector you toward better weather, emergency assistance than the Branson all have in common? They about it in her own words. What display. John Gregory had his float well-lighted areas and at or above gain of landing safely over only a accidents occur on the last leg of a or even a more experienced pilot make give minimum obstacle clearance hazardous weather itself. You will were all seen in the crowd at Jenna resulted was a conversation with a plane right next to it. The breakfast minimum terrain and obstacle chance of successfully making it to our return trip because the desire to get your decisions for you. altitudes, and provide an IFR clearance likely get a follow-up call from the Nelson’s fly-in in Challis. smart, confident young woman, went off without a hitch. Many clearance altitudes. destination, we’re more likely to divert home overrides the pilot’s ability to (assuming you’re rated and current) if FAA, but you need to ask yourself undaunted by a disability. visitors from the town and the school to the nearest suitable airport and wait make a sound go/no-go decision. Get an instrument rating. you elect to climb through the cloud which is worse, a talk with the FAA or Nah, just kidding, but each, like “What is Spot Landing winners Justin Lamb attended, interested as much in Recognize you are biased to it out. If we frame it in terms of the Instrument-rated pilots find to avoid a possible CFIT accident. dying in an accident. supporting Jenna as in seeing just Jenna, had to overcome the challenge Senior (L) and Richard Lee (R) with Jenna continue. We are sometimes our own certain losses of unwanted overnight Don’t let someone else fly your themselves in fewer VFR-into-IMC what the heck went on at a fly-in. of dyslexia. Project coming out to the fly-in but they Nelson - photo by Shiley Nelson Grand prize winner: (L to R) Richard worst enemy. For example, research motel expenses, missed appointments, aircraft. Compared to other GA accidents than their Consider a precautionary landing. If Dale Wilson teaches courses in human and why don’t need to be there. Most were so Lee, Grand Prize Winner, Jenna conducted by me and my colleague and other inconveniences should we accidents, a greater proportion of non-instrument-rated peers. None of you have waited too late and the factors and risk management at “No. I had to call them up to The highpoint of the morning were Dyslexia, also known as did you intrigued by my project that they Nelson, John Gregory Grand Prize confirmed that most pilots are divert, we’re more likely to continue. VFR-into-IMC accidents carry the four pilots in the Idaho accidents weather is closing in all around you, Central Washington University in Developmental Reading Disorder or choose a wanted to be there.” confirm if they were coming and to the prizes: plastic drinking cups from donor - photo by Chris Matson passengers aboard – three of the four were instrument-rated. Keeping consider an off-airport landing. It’s not Ellensburg, Washington. You can learn a local business for the participants; unrealistically optimistic: Most VFR DRD, is a condition that affects areas fly-in?” I answer questions.” While driving late one night on a Idaho accidents did. When other instrument-current and proficient, and without risk, so if you haven’t more about this topic in his new book AvFuel donated books; Mike Hartz Without question, a great fly-in. An pilots believe they are less likely than of the brain that help interpret began. “Has it been difficult?” country road, my student noticed his people influence our go/no-go filing IFR whenever the weather looks practiced one in a while, obtain some Managing Risk: Best Practices for With the enormous support she representing the Idaho Aviation unusual fly-in, for a senior project, their fellow pilots to experience a language. It doesn’t interfere with the VFR-into-IMC accident and believe fuel was near-empty. He wasn’t sure if decisions we are, in effect, no longer questionable, is a sure way to avoid refresher training from an instructor Pilots (available at asa2fly.com), which “Yes. Some of it has been difficult-I received from Pete, Shi, her younger Association donated a year’s yes. Planned, organized and executed ability to think or to understand they’re more capable at avoiding and he would reach a gas station before he flying our airplane – they are! When the hazards of scud running – a who has. Landing in a farmer’s field describes many of the significant complex ideas, only with the ability had to do two copies of the flyers to sister Courtney and the people of subscription of ForeFlight for iPad; by one very smart and confident Challis, Jenna never worried about Middlefork Aviation donated two, young lady. I was totally impressed by successfully flying out of IMC. ran out, and if he turned around he they encountered deteriorating practice responsible for countless could be your best option. threats to safe flight operations, offers to process the information. Most “It is a new graduation requirement for send out and getting ahold of people knew he would make it to the station weather, it appears the VFR-into-IMC accidents. Shortly after insights into how and why pilots faced with this challenge have normal Idaho seniors.” Jenna explained. was a challenge. The most the success of the event. She knew $250 Visa gift cards for the winners of her dedication and her courage, We are sometimes biased in how we he had recently passed. But he less-experienced private pilot flying reporting to approach that they had If you inadvertently find yourself in make errors that exacerbate them, and intelligence; many have (Under the new Common Core challenging part will be the six-page there was one factor, though, she had the spot landing and the flour drop. especially in light of the challenges no control over–the weather. Like The grand prize drawing was a she faced. Pete and Shiley couldn’t frame our go/no-go decisions. For struggled with the decision to turn the Cessna 310 deferred to the inadvertently entered IMC, the Cessna the soup, focus on maintaining control provides strategies necessary to above-average intelligence. education standards, Idaho high paper. I am going to do my paper on back because he had too much judgment of his more experienced 310 crashed because of pilot spatial of your aircraft using your flight effectively manage them. school seniors are required to backcountry flying. I have to give a any aviator, she’d deal with it. $1,000 fuel credit with Middlefork say enough about her example, given a choice between a invested to quit. This entrapment bias commercial pilot passenger in the right disorientation: He was not instruments and perform a 180-degree I must admit, and I believe I am not complete a Senior Project in order to 15-minute presentation summarizing Aviation, donated by John Gregory. accomplishments when I asked them. sure win of $85 and an 85 percent makes it difficult for pilots to turn seat. To avoid the risk of an accident instrument-rated and had logged only turn. If terrain clearance is a concern, alone; I was in the dark about DRD. I graduate. This ain’t no push over, how the event went and what Well, the event was a rousing Not only fun, but rewarding for three Their pride radiated from the smiles chance to win a $100, most of us are back in the face of deteriorating you must sometimes risk being 3.3 hours of instrument time. climb and declare an emergency. ATC assumed it to be an untreatable mamby pamby project either.) “You happened. The paper has to be success. Weather did play a small very lucky winners. on their faces. risk averse and will take the sure gain condition similar to autism. However, must complete a six-page paper on a something related to the event.” part but about 20 planes made it in. a little research quickly enlightened topic related to your project, a me. The list of those who overcame 15-minute presentation about your “Are you feeling any butterflies about dyslexia, including the four I project-how you did it-the good things the fly-in?” mentioned earlier, was eye opening: and the bad things you dealt with, and George Patton, Albert Einstein, F. you must get the project done. If you “No.” Scott Fitzgerald, Richard Engle, get a zero on any one section, you Agatha Christie, Walt Disney, George cannot graduate because each is so With Washington, Jackie Stewart, Nolan heavily weighted, you couldn’t Pete’s and Ryan, Muhammad Ali, Leonardo da recover. I picked a fly-in because I Shiley’s Vinci, Tommy Hilfiger, and the list wanted to do something about back- goes on. It is obviously not an aviation. I was going to get my private ground in obstacle to success and, with early license but couldn’t do that and running a detection, individual education, and a school, so I decided to do the fly-in.” flying boatload of support and positive business, reinforcement, the effects of dyslexia “I’m sure not many kids have done holding a can be minimized. that. What are some of the other fly-in projects they are doing?” I asked. made perfect sense to Jenna. She So what does all this have to do with spent the summer organizing aviation you ask? Well, as I mentioned “Fly tying, saddle making, wood volunteers, finding donations for previously, Jenna Nelson, the eldest working, camps, dance lessons, picnic prizes and activities, securing daughter of Pete and Shiley Nelson of tables, grill guards, horse training.” discounts and donations of food, Middlefork Aviation, held a fly-in. tables and chairs. There was no “Do faculty members evaluate your shortage of those willing to help. I Jenna invited me to Challis to help progress and do you have to make asked her to tell me about the most judge two of the events she planned periodic reports?” difficult problem she encountered. to include. While there, sitting with Jenna and her parents after dinner, “You have a portfolio you have to “Asking for donations,” she answered. we discussed the fly-in, which was make and you have a monthly review “I don’t like asking for donations.” scheduled to take place the following with your adviser. There will be morning. I had a small digital some staff members of the school “Was dealing with strangers difficult?” Winter 2014 Page 19 It is estimated that FOD costs major accumulated while traveling around still one of the deadliest, with a fatality airlines in the United States $26 per flight Idaho’s paved surface airports. Please be rate of almost 90 percent! This is why a in aircraft repairs, plus $312 in such sure to check your ramp area, taxiways, recent NTSB Safety Alert warns GA additional indirect costs as flight delays, runways and even your route to and pilots of the dangers of flying in plane changes and fuel inefficiencies. from your aircraft. Bet you’ll find conditions of reduced visual references, something! Pick it up and dispose of it and why they added “hazardous By Dan Etter, Out of the three properly before it ends up in a tire, weather” in GA operations to this year’s ITD Division components in this engine, or flight controls. Most Wanted List. of Aeronautics equation, I think we would all agree that SHARE is the VFR Flight into IMC: VFR-into-IMC results in controlled The first ever least utilized. I look at get It Won’t Happen to Me! flight into terrain (CFIT) or, in the case Idaho Aviation better tomorrow as the By Dale Wilson, Professor of of the Cessna 310 pilot in Florida, Safety overall aviation community Aviation at CWU spatial disorientation (SD) and Standdown becoming more uncontrolled flight into terrain. Most took place in knowledgeable. It’s that Why does a qualified pilot flying a involve relatively low-time private Boise on Friday, October 17th. Nearly place where we know more perfectly good Cessna crash into a 150 pilots gathered to hear from than we used to so that we wooded swamp in Florida, killing himself national and local aviation safety do better today and get and his two passengers? The NTSB says it experts on topics pertaining to better in the days to follow. was because of his “improper decision to human factors, aerodynamics, single continue visual flight rules (VFR) flight pilot resource management, This year, today even, I into instrument meteorological operational challenges in mountain challenge you to share what you’ve manufacturing are tagged with a serial conditions (IMC) and his subsequent and canyon areas, self-certification most recently learned. I genuinely number so if they are found they can spatial disorientation.” (use of prescription and believe this could have an astounding be traced. non-prescription drugs), how to impact. Think about your neighbors These types of accidents occur less than prepare for an unexpected night in or coworkers who weren’t at the The “Damage” term was prevalent in twice a month within the United States the field, VFR into IMC, and the Aviation Safety Standdown and make a military circles, but has since been Here’s a scary picture of what I’ve and Canada – a big improvement since intimate relationship between ethics point to connect with them over the pre-empted by a definition of FOD that personally accumulated or what the 1980s when they averaged more and aviation safety. next couple of weeks to share your looks at the “debris.” This shift was other pilots at State Aeronautics have than twice a week. However, they are “take-aways” from this seminar. made “official” in the latest FAA The morning began at 7:30 with a Advisory Circulars FAA A/C continental breakfast and meet and Our rigorous reflection to learn, apply, 150/5220-24 ‘Airport Foreign Object greet among pilots from all around and share, will lead us to a better Debris (FOD) Detection Equipment’ the Northwest. Many arrived early to tomorrow and ultimately a safer flying (2009) and FAA A/C 150/5210-24 secure a front and center seat. community. Thank you for making a ‘Airport Foreign Object Debris (FOD) difference one conversation at a time. Management.’ Eurocontrol, ECAC, and the ICAO have all rallied behind this FOD new definition. As Iain McCreary of Insight SRI put it in a presentation to From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: NAPFI (August 2010), “You can have Internal FOD is damage or hazards debris present without damage, but caused by foreign objects inside the never damage without debris.” aircraft. For example, cockpit FOD is a Likewise, FOD prevention systems situation where an item gets loose in work by sensing and detecting not the the cockpit and jams or restricts the damage but the actual debris. Thus operation of the controls. Tool FOD is a FOD is now taken to mean the debris serious hazard caused by tools left itself, and the resulting damage is inside the aircraft after manufacturing referred to as “FOD damage.” Our theme for this year’s event was or servicing. Tools or other items can “Learn+ Apply+ Share.” Expert Tony get tangled in control cables, jam Internationally, FOD costs the aviation Kern said it perfectly: moving parts, short out electrical industry $13 billion per year. The connections, or otherwise interfere with indirect costs are as much as ten times safe flight. Aircraft maintenance teams the direct cost value, representing usually have strict tool control delays, aircraft changes, incurred fuel procedures, including toolbox costs and unscheduled maintenance, inventories, to ensure all tools have and causes expensive, significant been removed from an aircraft before it damage to aircraft and parts and is released for flight. Tools used during death and injury to workers, pilots and passengers.

The fact remains that these pilots made a choice – either by active deliberation or by passive default –

anywhere from five to twenty-five for training as easily as a normally the Cavalon, an enclosed cockpit with of $85. However, when given a choice weather and is one of many complex unpopular. It take assertiveness mixed Ask for help. The pilots of the Cessna can help you get through this flight hours, in addition to ground certificated aircraft. However, because side-by-side seating. These craft are between a sure loss of $85 and an 85 and unconscious psychological factors with diplomacy to effectively asked Orlando ATC for help; scenario, as long as you maintain Flying a New Generation Gyroplane training. An existing CFI can add there is no S-LSA category for powered by either the 100 HP Rotax percent chance of losing $100, most of that influence our decision to press on communicate your intentions to unfortunately, it was too late. Pilots are aircraft control and your composure. Sport Pilot CFI for gyroplane gyroplanes, the FAA has allowed CFIs 912 or the 115 HP turbo Rotax 914. us are risk seeking and will choose the – a condition we call get-home-itis. others, but you have the responsibility reluctant to ask for help, but fessing Also, don’t be more afraid of the privileges in the same manner: a to obtain a “Letter of Deviation Magni of Italy also produces a quality By: Cammie Patch, Glass would be safer than an airplane by Since the invention of the gyroplane, significantly higher at night and why chance of losing the $100. If we frame Recent statistics confirm the existence and authority as PIC to do that – don’t up to ATC could save your life. They possible repercussions of requiring Cockpit Aviation eliminating the stall. The gyroplane its development has been interesting. two-CFI signoff and logbook Authority” (LODA), providing a path line of gyroplanes. our decision in terms of the certain of the last-leg syndrome: most of these let a family member, a friend, a boss, can vector you toward better weather, emergency assistance than the endorsement, which also will suffice for pilots to obtain the necessary you should always fly over was first flown in January 1923, 15 Economic factors, certification issues, well-lighted areas and at or above gain of landing safely over only a accidents occur on the last leg of a or even a more experienced pilot make give minimum obstacle clearance hazardous weather itself. You will I recently have developed a passion for years before the helicopter was and misunderstandings of the craft’s for a CFI renewal. training when it is not otherwise The numbers for new-generation chance of successfully making it to our return trip because the desire to get your decisions for you. altitudes, and provide an IFR clearance likely get a follow-up call from the available. Gyroplanes are gyros are impressive. Here are minimum terrain and obstacle flying gyroplanes. I have been flying invented. Ironically, the inventor of aerodynamic characteristics, have all clearance altitudes. destination, we’re more likely to divert home overrides the pilot’s ability to (assuming you’re rated and current) if FAA, but you need to ask yourself for 16 years, and flight instructing for gyroplanes died in a commercial combined to create an uphill journey. allowed even greater latitude samples from the Calidus: to the nearest suitable airport and wait make a sound go/no-go decision. Get an instrument rating. you elect to climb through the cloud which is worse, a talk with the FAA or within the LODA. A gyroplane • VNE: 120 MPH the past 14. However, it was not until airplane accident in 1936. When the FAA introduced the Recognize you are biased to it out. If we frame it in terms of the Instrument-rated pilots find to avoid a possible CFIT accident. dying in an accident. the past year, and after considerable Light-Sport category in 2004, it LODA can be issued for • Cruise: 95-115 MPH certain losses of unwanted overnight Don’t let someone else fly your themselves in fewer VFR-into-IMC training at all levels, or for a • Take off distance: 150 - 500 feet continue. We are sometimes our own research, would I have been willing to Because it cannot stall, a gyroplane created a home for Experimental worst enemy. For example, research motel expenses, missed appointments, aircraft. Compared to other GA accidents than their Consider a precautionary landing. If Dale Wilson teaches courses in human fly a gyroplane, let alone become an can fly slower than an airplane. LSAs and Special LSAs (factory-built) Sport Pilot Certificate or • Fuel Capacity: 19.8 gallons and other inconveniences should we accidents, a greater proportion of non-instrument-rated peers. None of you have waited too late and the factors and risk management at operating privileges. For other • Fuel Burn: 3 - 5 gallons per hour conducted by me and my colleague instructor in one. I previously Gyroplanes fly faster than many that included airplanes, gliders, confirmed that most pilots are divert, we’re more likely to continue. VFR-into-IMC accidents carry the four pilots in the Idaho accidents weather is closing in all around you, Central Washington University in considered them much more helicopters but cannot truly hover weight-shift trikes, powered categories of aircraft, the • Useful Load: 600 lbs. passengers aboard – three of the four were instrument-rated. Keeping consider an off-airport landing. It’s not Ellensburg, Washington. You can learn training is limited to a make unrealistically optimistic: Most VFR dangerous than conventional flying, while holding altitude. The rotor parachutes and balloons. However, pilots believe they are less likely than While driving late one night on a Idaho accidents did. When other instrument-current and proficient, and without risk, so if you haven’t more about this topic in his new book something reserved for thrill-seekers. blades on a gyroplane are in constant gyroplanes were limited to the and model checkout, but for It is interesting to note that Calidus country road, my student noticed his people influence our go/no-go filing IFR whenever the weather looks practiced one in a while, obtain some Managing Risk: Best Practices for gyros it can be used to obtain can outperform an R-22 helicopter in their fellow pilots to experience a My image of them resembled a lawn autorotation. There is no power Experimental LSA category in the VFR-into-IMC accident and believe fuel was near-empty. He wasn’t sure if decisions we are, in effect, no longer questionable, is a sure way to avoid refresher training from an instructor Pilots (available at asa2fly.com), which chair/go cart apparatus, hanging below source turning the rotor, only the air U.S., the only country to do so. Since any certificate available for useful load, speed, fuel burn, range he would reach a gas station before he flying our airplane – they are! When the hazards of scud running – a who has. Landing in a farmer’s field describes many of the significant that category. and acquisition costs. they’re more capable at avoiding and a rotor blade. flowing through the blades turns an S-LSA must be produced before successfully flying out of IMC. ran out, and if he turned around he they encountered deteriorating practice responsible for countless could be your best option. threats to safe flight operations, offers them as the an E-LSA can be certificated, the only knew he would make it to the station weather, it appears the VFR-into-IMC accidents. Shortly after insights into how and why pilots propeller pushes E-LSA gyroplanes were the “fat There are a few manufacturers that We have added an AutoGyro Calidus he had recently passed. But he less-experienced private pilot flying reporting to approach that they had If you inadvertently find yourself in make errors that exacerbate them, and How does someone receive this produce very high quality gyroplane gyroplane to our line of training We are sometimes biased in how we or pulls the aircraft ultra-light” aircraft that were frame our go/no-go decisions. For struggled with the decision to turn the Cessna 310 deferred to the inadvertently entered IMC, the Cessna the soup, focus on maintaining control provides strategies necessary to through the air. grandfathered in a few years ago. As training? The owner of an kits. The front-runner is AutoGyro aircraft, and we look forward to back because he had too much judgment of his more experienced 310 crashed because of pilot spatial of your aircraft using your flight effectively manage them. experimental gyro can hire a flight GmbH in Germany. It offers three training many Idaho pilots in the example, given a choice between a Since the rotor is a result, virtually all gyroplanes in sure win of $85 and an 85 percent invested to quit. This entrapment bias commercial pilot passenger in the right disorientation: He was not instruments and perform a 180-degree not powered, the the U.S. are in the experimental instructor to provide training. Renting models: an open cockpit, tandem-seat future. For additional information, makes it difficult for pilots to turn seat. To avoid the risk of an accident instrument-rated and had logged only turn. If terrain clearance is a concern, also is an option under certain MTO; the Calidus, a tandem-seat check our website: chance to win a $100, most of us are need for a tail category. Despite this omission, the risk averse and will take the sure gain back in the face of deteriorating you must sometimes risk being 3.3 hours of instrument time. climb and declare an emergency. ATC rotor to counter creation of the new Sport Pilot conditions. An S-LSA can be rented aircraft with an enclosed cockpit; and www.glasscockpitaviation.com. the torque is certificate has been beneficial for eliminated. If the gyroplane pilots. Most meet all the engine fails, the requirements for the LSA aircraft, autorotation such as max weight, max speed, and continues and the two seats or less, allowing pilots to landing procedure fly these aircraft as sport pilots. is the same as it is Students can train in a gyroplane for Photos courtesy of Chuck Strough for a normal the sport-pilot certificate. landing. Helicopters are less stable Current generation gyroplanes are a because they pull air down through The transition from pilot (any type) whole new breed. European engine-powered rotor blades making to a gyroplane sport pilot is the real manufacturers are producing it possible to hover, but also making benefit. Current pilots can be high-end, sleek, modern, safe, and the aircraft more complicated and certificated after receiving initial powerful machines that demand new much more expensive to fly. Due to training in knowledge and operation consideration. In fact, more gyros are this inherent simplicity, gyroplanes areas of the gyroplane category. When being certificated in Europe and are easier to fly, more stable and much the pilot attains proficiency, an Australia than any other aircraft more economical to maintain. endorsement is placed in their category, including fixed-wing. These logbook. Another CFI (other than the aircraft are offered in the US as Wind and turbulence have less of an one who gave the initial training) kit-built models, which meet the 51 effect on gyroplanes than on administers a proficiency check. percent rule, even though they only airplanes. The model I fly is approved Successful completion of this check take a week or two to assemble. to fly in up to 40 knots of wind and results in a second logbook 20 knots of crosswind. The high wing endorsement for new category/class, To understand these aircraft, one (rotor) loading allows for smooth which also fulfills the requirements must understand the journey they flight even in moderate turbulence. for a flight review. There is no have made in regards to design and Very little runway is required for minimum-hour requirement, no certification. Invented by the Spanish takeoff (300 - 1000 feet) and with written test, no check ride and, of engineer Juan de la Cierva, whose touchdown at a walking pace, the course, no medical examination goal was to create an aircraft that landing roll is less than 20 feet. required. A typical transition will take

Page 20 Rudder Flutter It is estimated that FOD costs major accumulated while traveling around still one of the deadliest, with a fatality airlines in the United States $26 per flight Idaho’s paved surface airports. Please be rate of almost 90 percent! This is why a in aircraft repairs, plus $312 in such sure to check your ramp area, taxiways, recent NTSB Safety Alert warns GA additional indirect costs as flight delays, runways and even your route to and pilots of the dangers of flying in plane changes and fuel inefficiencies. from your aircraft. Bet you’ll find conditions of reduced visual references, something! Pick it up and dispose of it and why they added “hazardous By Dan Etter, Out of the three properly before it ends up in a tire, weather” in GA operations to this year’s ITD Division components in this engine, or flight controls. Most Wanted List. of Aeronautics equation, I think we would all agree that SHARE is the VFR Flight into IMC: VFR-into-IMC results in controlled The first ever least utilized. I look at get It Won’t Happen to Me! flight into terrain (CFIT) or, in the case Idaho Aviation better tomorrow as the By Dale Wilson, Professor of of the Cessna 310 pilot in Florida, Safety overall aviation community Aviation at CWU spatial disorientation (SD) and Standdown becoming more uncontrolled flight into terrain. Most took place in knowledgeable. It’s that Why does a qualified pilot flying a involve relatively low-time private Boise on Friday, October 17th. Nearly place where we know more perfectly good Cessna crash into a 150 pilots gathered to hear from than we used to so that we wooded swamp in Florida, killing himself national and local aviation safety do better today and get and his two passengers? The NTSB says it experts on topics pertaining to better in the days to follow. was because of his “improper decision to human factors, aerodynamics, single continue visual flight rules (VFR) flight pilot resource management, This year, today even, I into instrument meteorological operational challenges in mountain challenge you to share what you’ve manufacturing are tagged with a serial conditions (IMC) and his subsequent and canyon areas, self-certification most recently learned. I genuinely number so if they are found they can spatial disorientation.” (use of prescription and believe this could have an astounding be traced. non-prescription drugs), how to impact. Think about your neighbors These types of accidents occur less than prepare for an unexpected night in or coworkers who weren’t at the The “Damage” term was prevalent in twice a month within the United States the field, VFR into IMC, and the Aviation Safety Standdown and make a military circles, but has since been Here’s a scary picture of what I’ve and Canada – a big improvement since intimate relationship between ethics point to connect with them over the pre-empted by a definition of FOD that personally accumulated or what the 1980s when they averaged more and aviation safety. next couple of weeks to share your looks at the “debris.” This shift was other pilots at State Aeronautics have than twice a week. However, they are “take-aways” from this seminar. made “official” in the latest FAA The morning began at 7:30 with a Advisory Circulars FAA A/C continental breakfast and meet and Our rigorous reflection to learn, apply, 150/5220-24 ‘Airport Foreign Object greet among pilots from all around and share, will lead us to a better Debris (FOD) Detection Equipment’ the Northwest. Many arrived early to tomorrow and ultimately a safer flying (2009) and FAA A/C 150/5210-24 secure a front and center seat. community. Thank you for making a ‘Airport Foreign Object Debris (FOD) difference one conversation at a time. Management.’ Eurocontrol, ECAC, and the ICAO have all rallied behind this FOD new definition. As Iain McCreary of Insight SRI put it in a presentation to From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: NAPFI (August 2010), “You can have Internal FOD is damage or hazards debris present without damage, but caused by foreign objects inside the never damage without debris.” aircraft. For example, cockpit FOD is a Likewise, FOD prevention systems situation where an item gets loose in work by sensing and detecting not the the cockpit and jams or restricts the damage but the actual debris. Thus operation of the controls. Tool FOD is a FOD is now taken to mean the debris serious hazard caused by tools left itself, and the resulting damage is inside the aircraft after manufacturing referred to as “FOD damage.” Our theme for this year’s event was or servicing. Tools or other items can “Learn+ Apply+ Share.” Expert Tony get tangled in control cables, jam Internationally, FOD costs the aviation Kern said it perfectly: moving parts, short out electrical industry $13 billion per year. The connections, or otherwise interfere with indirect costs are as much as ten times safe flight. Aircraft maintenance teams the direct cost value, representing usually have strict tool control delays, aircraft changes, incurred fuel procedures, including toolbox costs and unscheduled maintenance, inventories, to ensure all tools have and causes expensive, significant been removed from an aircraft before it damage to aircraft and parts and is released for flight. Tools used during death and injury to workers, pilots and passengers.

The fact remains that these pilots made a choice – either by active deliberation or by passive default –

anywhere from five to twenty-five for training as easily as a normally the Cavalon, an enclosed cockpit with of $85. However, when given a choice weather and is one of many complex unpopular. It take assertiveness mixed Ask for help. The pilots of the Cessna can help you get through this flight hours, in addition to ground certificated aircraft. However, because side-by-side seating. These craft are between a sure loss of $85 and an 85 and unconscious psychological factors with diplomacy to effectively asked Orlando ATC for help; scenario, as long as you maintain training. An existing CFI can add there is no S-LSA category for powered by either the 100 HP Rotax percent chance of losing $100, most of that influence our decision to press on communicate your intentions to unfortunately, it was too late. Pilots are aircraft control and your composure. Sport Pilot CFI for gyroplane gyroplanes, the FAA has allowed CFIs 912 or the 115 HP turbo Rotax 914. us are risk seeking and will choose the – a condition we call get-home-itis. others, but you have the responsibility reluctant to ask for help, but fessing Also, don’t be more afraid of the privileges in the same manner: a to obtain a “Letter of Deviation Magni of Italy also produces a quality By: Cammie Patch, Glass would be safer than an airplane by Since the invention of the gyroplane, significantly higher at night and why chance of losing the $100. If we frame Recent statistics confirm the existence and authority as PIC to do that – don’t up to ATC could save your life. They possible repercussions of requiring Cockpit Aviation eliminating the stall. The gyroplane its development has been interesting. two-CFI signoff and logbook Authority” (LODA), providing a path line of gyroplanes. our decision in terms of the certain of the last-leg syndrome: most of these let a family member, a friend, a boss, can vector you toward better weather, emergency assistance than the endorsement, which also will suffice for pilots to obtain the necessary you should always fly over was first flown in January 1923, 15 Economic factors, certification issues, well-lighted areas and at or above gain of landing safely over only a accidents occur on the last leg of a or even a more experienced pilot make give minimum obstacle clearance hazardous weather itself. You will I recently have developed a passion for years before the helicopter was and misunderstandings of the craft’s for a CFI renewal. training when it is not otherwise The numbers for new-generation chance of successfully making it to our return trip because the desire to get your decisions for you. altitudes, and provide an IFR clearance likely get a follow-up call from the available. Gyroplanes are gyros are impressive. Here are minimum terrain and obstacle flying gyroplanes. I have been flying invented. Ironically, the inventor of aerodynamic characteristics, have all clearance altitudes. destination, we’re more likely to divert home overrides the pilot’s ability to (assuming you’re rated and current) if FAA, but you need to ask yourself for 16 years, and flight instructing for gyroplanes died in a commercial combined to create an uphill journey. allowed even greater latitude samples from the Calidus: to the nearest suitable airport and wait make a sound go/no-go decision. Get an instrument rating. you elect to climb through the cloud which is worse, a talk with the FAA or within the LODA. A gyroplane • VNE: 120 MPH the past 14. However, it was not until airplane accident in 1936. When the FAA introduced the Recognize you are biased to it out. If we frame it in terms of the Instrument-rated pilots find to avoid a possible CFIT accident. dying in an accident. the past year, and after considerable Light-Sport category in 2004, it LODA can be issued for • Cruise: 95-115 MPH certain losses of unwanted overnight Don’t let someone else fly your themselves in fewer VFR-into-IMC training at all levels, or for a • Take off distance: 150 - 500 feet continue. We are sometimes our own research, would I have been willing to Because it cannot stall, a gyroplane created a home for Experimental worst enemy. For example, research motel expenses, missed appointments, aircraft. Compared to other GA accidents than their Consider a precautionary landing. If Dale Wilson teaches courses in human fly a gyroplane, let alone become an can fly slower than an airplane. LSAs and Special LSAs (factory-built) Sport Pilot Certificate or • Fuel Capacity: 19.8 gallons and other inconveniences should we accidents, a greater proportion of non-instrument-rated peers. None of you have waited too late and the factors and risk management at operating privileges. For other • Fuel Burn: 3 - 5 gallons per hour conducted by me and my colleague instructor in one. I previously Gyroplanes fly faster than many that included airplanes, gliders, confirmed that most pilots are divert, we’re more likely to continue. VFR-into-IMC accidents carry the four pilots in the Idaho accidents weather is closing in all around you, Central Washington University in considered them much more helicopters but cannot truly hover weight-shift trikes, powered categories of aircraft, the • Useful Load: 600 lbs. passengers aboard – three of the four were instrument-rated. Keeping consider an off-airport landing. It’s not Ellensburg, Washington. You can learn training is limited to a make unrealistically optimistic: Most VFR dangerous than conventional flying, while holding altitude. The rotor parachutes and balloons. However, pilots believe they are less likely than While driving late one night on a Idaho accidents did. When other instrument-current and proficient, and without risk, so if you haven’t more about this topic in his new book something reserved for thrill-seekers. blades on a gyroplane are in constant gyroplanes were limited to the and model checkout, but for It is interesting to note that Calidus country road, my student noticed his people influence our go/no-go filing IFR whenever the weather looks practiced one in a while, obtain some Managing Risk: Best Practices for gyros it can be used to obtain can outperform an R-22 helicopter in their fellow pilots to experience a My image of them resembled a lawn autorotation. There is no power Experimental LSA category in the VFR-into-IMC accident and believe fuel was near-empty. He wasn’t sure if decisions we are, in effect, no longer questionable, is a sure way to avoid refresher training from an instructor Pilots (available at asa2fly.com), which chair/go cart apparatus, hanging below source turning the rotor, only the air U.S., the only country to do so. Since any certificate available for useful load, speed, fuel burn, range he would reach a gas station before he flying our airplane – they are! When the hazards of scud running – a who has. Landing in a farmer’s field describes many of the significant that category. and acquisition costs. they’re more capable at avoiding and a rotor blade. flowing through the blades turns an S-LSA must be produced before successfully flying out of IMC. ran out, and if he turned around he they encountered deteriorating practice responsible for countless could be your best option. threats to safe flight operations, offers them as the an E-LSA can be certificated, the only knew he would make it to the station weather, it appears the VFR-into-IMC accidents. Shortly after insights into how and why pilots propeller pushes E-LSA gyroplanes were the “fat There are a few manufacturers that We have added an AutoGyro Calidus he had recently passed. But he less-experienced private pilot flying reporting to approach that they had If you inadvertently find yourself in make errors that exacerbate them, and How does someone receive this produce very high quality gyroplane gyroplane to our line of training We are sometimes biased in how we or pulls the aircraft ultra-light” aircraft that were frame our go/no-go decisions. For struggled with the decision to turn the Cessna 310 deferred to the inadvertently entered IMC, the Cessna the soup, focus on maintaining control provides strategies necessary to through the air. grandfathered in a few years ago. As training? The owner of an kits. The front-runner is AutoGyro aircraft, and we look forward to back because he had too much judgment of his more experienced 310 crashed because of pilot spatial of your aircraft using your flight effectively manage them. experimental gyro can hire a flight GmbH in Germany. It offers three training many Idaho pilots in the example, given a choice between a Since the rotor is a result, virtually all gyroplanes in sure win of $85 and an 85 percent invested to quit. This entrapment bias commercial pilot passenger in the right disorientation: He was not instruments and perform a 180-degree not powered, the the U.S. are in the experimental instructor to provide training. Renting models: an open cockpit, tandem-seat future. For additional information, makes it difficult for pilots to turn seat. To avoid the risk of an accident instrument-rated and had logged only turn. If terrain clearance is a concern, also is an option under certain MTO; the Calidus, a tandem-seat check our website: chance to win a $100, most of us are need for a tail category. Despite this omission, the risk averse and will take the sure gain back in the face of deteriorating you must sometimes risk being 3.3 hours of instrument time. climb and declare an emergency. ATC rotor to counter creation of the new Sport Pilot conditions. An S-LSA can be rented aircraft with an enclosed cockpit; and www.glasscockpitaviation.com. the torque is certificate has been beneficial for eliminated. If the gyroplane pilots. Most meet all the engine fails, the requirements for the LSA aircraft, autorotation such as max weight, max speed, and continues and the two seats or less, allowing pilots to landing procedure fly these aircraft as sport pilots. is the same as it is Students can train in a gyroplane for for a normal the sport-pilot certificate. landing. Helicopters are less stable Current generation gyroplanes are a because they pull air down through The transition from pilot (any type) whole new breed. European engine-powered rotor blades making to a gyroplane sport pilot is the real manufacturers are producing it possible to hover, but also making benefit. Current pilots can be high-end, sleek, modern, safe, and the aircraft more complicated and certificated after receiving initial powerful machines that demand new much more expensive to fly. Due to training in knowledge and operation consideration. In fact, more gyros are this inherent simplicity, gyroplanes areas of the gyroplane category. When being certificated in Europe and are easier to fly, more stable and much the pilot attains proficiency, an Australia than any other aircraft more economical to maintain. endorsement is placed in their category, including fixed-wing. These logbook. Another CFI (other than the aircraft are offered in the US as Wind and turbulence have less of an one who gave the initial training) kit-built models, which meet the 51 effect on gyroplanes than on administers a proficiency check. percent rule, even though they only airplanes. The model I fly is approved Successful completion of this check take a week or two to assemble. to fly in up to 40 knots of wind and results in a second logbook 20 knots of crosswind. The high wing endorsement for new category/class, To understand these aircraft, one (rotor) loading allows for smooth which also fulfills the requirements must understand the journey they flight even in moderate turbulence. for a flight review. There is no have made in regards to design and Very little runway is required for minimum-hour requirement, no certification. Invented by the Spanish takeoff (300 - 1000 feet) and with written test, no check ride and, of engineer Juan de la Cierva, whose touchdown at a walking pace, the course, no medical examination goal was to create an aircraft that landing roll is less than 20 feet. required. A typical transition will take

Winter 2014 Page 21 It is estimated that FOD costs major accumulated while traveling around still one of the deadliest, with a fatality airlines in the United States $26 per flight Idaho’s paved surface airports. Please be rate of almost 90 percent! This is why a in aircraft repairs, plus $312 in such sure to check your ramp area, taxiways, recent NTSB Safety Alert warns GA additional indirect costs as flight delays, runways and even your route to and pilots of the dangers of flying in plane changes and fuel inefficiencies. from your aircraft. Bet you’ll find conditions of reduced visual references, something! Pick it up and dispose of it and why they added “hazardous By Dan Etter, Out of the three properly before it ends up in a tire, weather” in GA operations to this year’s ITD Division components in this engine, or flight controls. Most Wanted List. of Aeronautics equation, I think we would all agree that SHARE is the VFR Flight into IMC: VFR-into-IMC results in controlled The first ever least utilized. I look at get It Won’t Happen to Me! flight into terrain (CFIT) or, in the case Idaho Aviation better tomorrow as the By Dale Wilson, Professor of of the Cessna 310 pilot in Florida, Safety overall aviation community Aviation at CWU spatial disorientation (SD) and Standdown becoming more uncontrolled flight into terrain. Most took place in knowledgeable. It’s that Why does a qualified pilot flying a involve relatively low-time private Boise on Friday, October 17th. Nearly place where we know more perfectly good Cessna crash into a 150 pilots gathered to hear from than we used to so that we wooded swamp in Florida, killing himself national and local aviation safety do better today and get and his two passengers? The NTSB says it experts on topics pertaining to better in the days to follow. was because of his “improper decision to human factors, aerodynamics, single continue visual flight rules (VFR) flight pilot resource management, This year, today even, I into instrument meteorological operational challenges in mountain challenge you to share what you’ve manufacturing are tagged with a serial conditions (IMC) and his subsequent and canyon areas, self-certification most recently learned. I genuinely number so if they are found they can spatial disorientation.” (use of prescription and believe this could have an astounding be traced. non-prescription drugs), how to impact. Think about your neighbors These types of accidents occur less than prepare for an unexpected night in or coworkers who weren’t at the The “Damage” term was prevalent in twice a month within the United States the field, VFR into IMC, and the Aviation Safety Standdown and make a military circles, but has since been Here’s a scary picture of what I’ve and Canada – a big improvement since intimate relationship between ethics point to connect with them over the pre-empted by a definition of FOD that personally accumulated or what the 1980s when they averaged more and aviation safety. next couple of weeks to share your looks at the “debris.” This shift was other pilots at State Aeronautics have than twice a week. However, they are “take-aways” from this seminar. made “official” in the latest FAA The morning began at 7:30 with a Advisory Circulars FAA A/C continental breakfast and meet and Our rigorous reflection to learn, apply, 150/5220-24 ‘Airport Foreign Object greet among pilots from all around and share, will lead us to a better Debris (FOD) Detection Equipment’ the Northwest. Many arrived early to tomorrow and ultimately a safer flying (2009) and FAA A/C 150/5210-24 secure a front and center seat. community. Thank you for making a ‘Airport Foreign Object Debris (FOD) difference one conversation at a time. Management.’ Eurocontrol, ECAC, and the ICAO have all rallied behind this FOD new definition. As Iain McCreary of Insight SRI put it in a presentation to From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: NAPFI (August 2010), “You can have Internal FOD is damage or hazards debris present without damage, but caused by foreign objects inside the never damage without debris.” aircraft. For example, cockpit FOD is a Likewise, FOD prevention systems situation where an item gets loose in work by sensing and detecting not the the cockpit and jams or restricts the damage but the actual debris. Thus operation of the controls. Tool FOD is a FOD is now taken to mean the debris serious hazard caused by tools left itself, and the resulting damage is inside the aircraft after manufacturing referred to as “FOD damage.” Our theme for this year’s event was or servicing. Tools or other items can “Learn+ Apply+ Share.” Expert Tony get tangled in control cables, jam Internationally, FOD costs the aviation Kern said it perfectly: moving parts, short out electrical industry $13 billion per year. The connections, or otherwise interfere with indirect costs are as much as ten times safe flight. Aircraft maintenance teams the direct cost value, representing usually have strict tool control delays, aircraft changes, incurred fuel procedures, including toolbox costs and unscheduled maintenance, inventories, to ensure all tools have and causes expensive, significant been removed from an aircraft before it damage to aircraft and parts and is released for flight. Tools used during death and injury to workers, pilots and passengers.

The fact remains that these pilots made a choice – either by active deliberation or by passive default –

of $85. However, when given a choice weather and is one of many complex unpopular. It take assertiveness mixed Ask for help. The pilots of the Cessna can help you get through this Safety Wire between a sure loss of $85 and an 85 and unconscious psychological factors with diplomacy to effectively asked Orlando ATC for help; scenario, as long as you maintain percent chance of losing $100, most of that influence our decision to press on communicate your intentions to unfortunately, it was too late. Pilots are aircraft control and your composure. Continued from page 11 us are risk seeking and will choose the – a condition we call get-home-itis. others, but you have the responsibility reluctant to ask for help, but fessing Also, don’t be more afraid of the significantly higher at night and why chance of losing the $100. If we frame Recent statistics confirm the existence and authority as PIC to do that – don’t up to ATC could save your life. They possible repercussions of requiring you should always fly over our decision in terms of the certain of the last-leg syndrome: most of these let a family member, a friend, a boss, can vector you toward better weather, emergency assistance than the well-lighted areas and at or above gain of landing safely over only a accidents occur on the last leg of a or even a more experienced pilot make give minimum obstacle clearance hazardous weather itself. You will minimum terrain and obstacle chance of successfully making it to our return trip because the desire to get your decisions for you. altitudes, and provide an IFR clearance likely get a follow-up call from the clearance altitudes. destination, we’re more likely to divert home overrides the pilot’s ability to (assuming you’re rated and current) if FAA, but you need to ask yourself to the nearest suitable airport and wait make a sound go/no-go decision. Get an instrument rating. you elect to climb through the cloud which is worse, a talk with the FAA or Recognize you are biased to it out. If we frame it in terms of the Instrument-rated pilots find to avoid a possible CFIT accident. dying in an accident. continue. We are sometimes our own certain losses of unwanted overnight Don’t let someone else fly your themselves in fewer VFR-into-IMC worst enemy. For example, research motel expenses, missed appointments, aircraft. Compared to other GA accidents than their Consider a precautionary landing. If Dale Wilson teaches courses in human conducted by me and my colleague and other inconveniences should we accidents, a greater proportion of non-instrument-rated peers. None of you have waited too late and the factors and risk management at confirmed that most pilots are divert, we’re more likely to continue. VFR-into-IMC accidents carry the four pilots in the Idaho accidents weather is closing in all around you, Central Washington University in unrealistically optimistic: Most VFR passengers aboard – three of the four were instrument-rated. Keeping consider an off-airport landing. It’s not Ellensburg, Washington. You can learn pilots believe they are less likely than While driving late one night on a Idaho accidents did. When other instrument-current and proficient, and without risk, so if you haven’t more about this topic in his new book their fellow pilots to experience a country road, my student noticed his people influence our go/no-go filing IFR whenever the weather looks practiced one in a while, obtain some Managing Risk: Best Practices for VFR-into-IMC accident and believe fuel was near-empty. He wasn’t sure if decisions we are, in effect, no longer questionable, is a sure way to avoid refresher training from an instructor Pilots (available at asa2fly.com), which they’re more capable at avoiding and he would reach a gas station before he flying our airplane – they are! When the hazards of scud running – a who has. Landing in a farmer’s field describes many of the significant successfully flying out of IMC. ran out, and if he turned around he they encountered deteriorating practice responsible for countless could be your best option. threats to safe flight operations, offers knew he would make it to the station weather, it appears the VFR-into-IMC accidents. Shortly after insights into how and why pilots We are sometimes biased in how we he had recently passed. But he less-experienced private pilot flying reporting to approach that they had If you inadvertently find yourself in make errors that exacerbate them, and frame our go/no-go decisions. For struggled with the decision to turn the Cessna 310 deferred to the inadvertently entered IMC, the Cessna the soup, focus on maintaining control provides strategies necessary to example, given a choice between a back because he had too much judgment of his more experienced 310 crashed because of pilot spatial of your aircraft using your flight effectively manage them. sure win of $85 and an 85 percent invested to quit. This entrapment bias commercial pilot passenger in the right disorientation: He was not instruments and perform a 180-degree chance to win a $100, most of us are makes it difficult for pilots to turn seat. To avoid the risk of an accident instrument-rated and had logged only turn. If terrain clearance is a concern, risk averse and will take the sure gain back in the face of deteriorating you must sometimes risk being 3.3 hours of instrument time. climb and declare an emergency. ATC

Page 22 Rudder Flutter It is estimated that FOD costs major accumulated while traveling around still one of the deadliest, with a fatality airlines in the United States $26 per flight Idaho’s paved surface airports. Please be rate of almost 90 percent! This is why a in aircraft repairs, plus $312 in such sure to check your ramp area, taxiways, recent NTSB Safety Alert warns GA additional indirect costs as flight delays, runways and even your route to and pilots of the dangers of flying in plane changes and fuel inefficiencies. from your aircraft. Bet you’ll find conditions of reduced visual references, something! Pick it up and dispose of it and why they added “hazardous By Dan Etter, Out of the three properly before it ends up in a tire, weather” in GA operations to this year’s ITD Division components in this engine, or flight controls. Most Wanted List. of Aeronautics equation, I think we would all agree that SHARE is the VFR Flight into IMC: VFR-into-IMC results in controlled The first ever least utilized. I look at get It Won’t Happen to Me! flight into terrain (CFIT) or, in the case Idaho Aviation better tomorrow as the By Dale Wilson, Professor of of the Cessna 310 pilot in Florida, Safety overall aviation community Aviation at CWU spatial disorientation (SD) and Standdown becoming more uncontrolled flight into terrain. Most took place in knowledgeable. It’s that Why does a qualified pilot flying a involve relatively low-time private Boise on Friday, October 17th. Nearly place where we know more perfectly good Cessna crash into a 150 pilots gathered to hear from than we used to so that we wooded swamp in Florida, killing himself national and local aviation safety do better today and get and his two passengers? The NTSB says it experts on topics pertaining to better in the days to follow. was because of his “improper decision to human factors, aerodynamics, single continue visual flight rules (VFR) flight pilot resource management, This year, today even, I into instrument meteorological operational challenges in mountain challenge you to share what you’ve manufacturing are tagged with a serial conditions (IMC) and his subsequent and canyon areas, self-certification most recently learned. I genuinely number so if they are found they can spatial disorientation.” (use of prescription and believe this could have an astounding be traced. non-prescription drugs), how to impact. Think about your neighbors These types of accidents occur less than prepare for an unexpected night in or coworkers who weren’t at the The “Damage” term was prevalent in twice a month within the United States the field, VFR into IMC, and the Aviation Safety Standdown and make a military circles, but has since been Here’s a scary picture of what I’ve and Canada – a big improvement since intimate relationship between ethics point to connect with them over the pre-empted by a definition of FOD that personally accumulated or what the 1980s when they averaged more and aviation safety. next couple of weeks to share your looks at the “debris.” This shift was other pilots at State Aeronautics have than twice a week. However, they are “take-aways” from this seminar. made “official” in the latest FAA The morning began at 7:30 with a Advisory Circulars FAA A/C continental breakfast and meet and Our rigorous reflection to learn, apply, 150/5220-24 ‘Airport Foreign Object greet among pilots from all around and share, will lead us to a better Debris (FOD) Detection Equipment’ the Northwest. Many arrived early to tomorrow and ultimately a safer flying (2009) and FAA A/C 150/5210-24 secure a front and center seat. community. Thank you for making a ‘Airport Foreign Object Debris (FOD) difference one conversation at a time. Management.’ Eurocontrol, ECAC, and the ICAO have all rallied behind this FOD new definition. As Iain McCreary of Insight SRI put it in a presentation to From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: NAPFI (August 2010), “You can have Internal FOD is damage or hazards debris present without damage, but caused by foreign objects inside the never damage without debris.” aircraft. For example, cockpit FOD is a Likewise, FOD prevention systems situation where an item gets loose in work by sensing and detecting not the the cockpit and jams or restricts the damage but the actual debris. Thus operation of the controls. Tool FOD is a FOD is now taken to mean the debris serious hazard caused by tools left itself, and the resulting damage is inside the aircraft after manufacturing referred to as “FOD damage.” Our theme for this year’s event was or servicing. Tools or other items can “Learn+ Apply+ Share.” Expert Tony get tangled in control cables, jam Internationally, FOD costs the aviation Kern said it perfectly: moving parts, short out electrical industry $13 billion per year. The connections, or otherwise interfere with indirect costs are as much as ten times safe flight. Aircraft maintenance teams the direct cost value, representing usually have strict tool control delays, aircraft changes, incurred fuel procedures, including toolbox costs and unscheduled maintenance, inventories, to ensure all tools have and causes expensive, significant been removed from an aircraft before it damage to aircraft and parts and is released for flight. Tools used during death and injury to workers, pilots and passengers.

The fact remains that these pilots made a choice – either by active deliberation or by passive default –

Winter 2014 Page 23 Winter 2014 Page 24