It's the Deed, Not the Pit Bull Breed, That Kills
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The Removal of Whitlam
MAKING A DEMOCRACY to run things, any member could turn up to its meetings to listen and speak. Of course all members cannot participate equally in an org- anisation, and organisations do need leaders. The hopes of these reformers could not be realised. But from these times survives the idea that any governing body should consult with the people affected by its decisions. Local councils and governments do this regularly—and not just because they think it right. If they don’t consult, they may find a demonstration with banners and TV cameras outside their doors. The opponents of democracy used to say that interests had to be represented in government, not mere numbers of people. Democrats opposed this view, but modern democracies have to some extent returned to it. When making decisions, governments consult all those who have an interest in the matter—the stake- holders, as they are called. The danger in this approach is that the general interest of the citizens might be ignored. The removal of Whitlam The Labor Party captured the mood of the 1960s in its election campaign of 1972, with its slogan ‘It’s Time’. The Liberals had been in power for 23 years, and Gough Whitlam said it was time for a change, time for a fresh beginning, time to do things differently. Whitlam’s government was in tune with the times because it was committed to protecting human rights, to setting up an ombuds- man and to running an open government where there would be freedom of information. But in one thing Whitlam was old- fashioned: he believed in the original Labor idea of democracy. -
Covers for Hawke "Social Contract" Means Wage Restraint!
NUMBER THIRTEEN OCTOBER 1974 TEN CENTS A CTU Conference: "~left wing" covers for Hawke "Social contract" means wage restraint! The Special ACTU Conference held in Sydney on companies) voted for the ACTU executive motion Carmichael put up a token resistance to the 23-24 September was called to discuss the state presented by Hawke. new Cameron deal on the first day, when he claim of the economy in the light of the Budget brought ed that he "could not accept" that the workers' "current share of the cake" should remain fixed down by the Labor government the week before. As part of the effort to woo the trade unions, Though the Conference had no decision-making and called for affirming the "right" to fight for Labor Minister Clyde Cameron had produced a new a bigger slice. But Carmichael in practice re powers, it was Hawke's and Whitlam's plan to use indexation proposal, a two-tier plan in which it to give union members the impression that the fuses to use that right, as indicated by his sup ACTU was doing something about the economic wages up to the average wage would be adjusted port for the sellout $9 Metal Trades settlement. crisis and at the same time to legitimise a quarterly by a direct percentage applicatiori of And conspicuously absent from any of his remarks "so'cial cohtract" with the government, laying the the consumer price index movement, and by a flat was any mention of the CPA's "autumn offensive". amount for wages above the average. This plan groundwork for a voluntary or state-imposed wage One of Carmichael's proposals was to maintain freeze. -
Whitlam As Internationalist: a Centenary Reflection
WHITLAM AS INTERNATIONALIST: A CENTENARY REFLECTION T HE HON MICHAEL KIRBY AC CMG* Edward Gough Whitlam, the 21st Prime Minister of Australia, was born in July 1916. This year is the centenary of his birth. It follows closely on his death in October 2014 when his achievements, including in the law, were widely debated. In this article, the author reviews Whitlam’s particular interest in international law and relations. It outlines the many treaties that were ratified by the Whitlam government, following a long period of comparative disengagement by Australia from international treaty law. The range, variety and significance of the treaties are noted as is Whitlam’s attraction to treaties as a potential source of constitutional power for the enactment of federal laws by the Australian Parliament. This article also reviews Whitlam’s role in the conduct of international relations with Australia’s neighbours, notably the People’s Republic of China, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and Indochina. The reconfiguration of geopolitical arrangements is noted as is the close engagement with the United Nations, its agencies and multilateralism. Whilst mistakes by Whitlam and his government are acknowledged, his strong emphasis on international law, and treaty law in particular, was timely. It became a signature theme of his government and life. CONTENTS I Introduction .............................................................................................................. 852 II Australia’s Ratification of International Treaties ................................................. -
Key Events and the Racial Discrimination
Key Events and the Racial Discrimination Act Race Discrimination Commissioner, Human 1973 Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission State of the Nation 1995 - A Report on People Aboriginal Land Rights Commission and of Non-English Speaking Backgrounds National Aboriginal Consultative Committee Canberra, Australian Government Publishing established. Service, 1995, pp 289-292. Government announced that future migration 1966 policy would be non-discriminatory with regard to race, colour and nationality. Sir Paul Hasluck signed the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination Telephone Interpreter Service (TIS) established. (CERD) on behalf of Australia on 13 October. Al Grassby delivered the 'Family of the Nation' 1967 speech introducing the term 'multicultural' and linking it with social justice. National referendum enabled the Federal Government to assume responsibility for 1974 Aboriginal people in the States. Attorney-General Lionel Murphy twice 1971 introduced a Racial Discrimination Bill into Parliament although, like the attempt in 1973, International Year for Action to Combat it did not succeed. Racism. Committee on Community Relations Report Neville Bonner became the first Aboriginal delivered in August by Walter Lippmann after parliamentarian as a Liberal Senator from wide consultation with ethnic communities - Queensland. the first time such consultation had been canvassed. Anti-apartheid demonstrations were held around Australia during the Springbok tour. Ethnic Communities' Council of Victoria established, the first of its kind 1972 1975 Aboriginal tent embassy established on lawns outside Parliament House as the focus for the Attorney-General Kep Enderby introduced land rights movement. racial discrimination legislation which was passed on 11 June, subsequently allowing Election in December of the Whitlam Labor Australia to ratify CERD. -
Strategy-To-Win-An-Election-Lessons
WINNING ELECTIONS: LESSONS FROM THE AUSTRALIAN LABOR PARTY 1983-1996 i The Institute of International Studies (IIS), Department of International Relations, Universitas Gadjah Mada, is a research institution focused on the study on phenomenon in international relations, whether on theoretical or practical level. The study is based on the researches oriented to problem solving, with innovative and collaborative organization, by involving researcher resources with reliable capacity and tight society social network. As its commitments toward just, peace and civility values through actions, reflections and emancipations. In order to design a more specific and on target activity, The Institute developed four core research clusters on Globalization and Cities Development, Peace Building and Radical Violence, Humanitarian Action and Diplomacy and Foreign Policy. This institute also encourages a holistic study which is based on contempo- rary internationalSTRATEGY relations study scope TO and WIN approach. AN ELECTION: ii WINNING ELECTIONS: LESSONS FROM THE AUSTRALIAN LABOR PARTY 1983-1996 By Dafri Agussalim INSTITUTE OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA iii WINNING ELECTIONS: LESSONS FROM THE AUSTRALIAN LABOR PARTY 1983-1996 Penulis: Dafri Agussalim Copyright© 2011, Dafri Agussalim Cover diolah dari: www.biogenidec.com dan http:www.foto.detik.com Diterbitkan oleh Institute of International Studies Jurusan Ilmu Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Gadjah Mada Cetakan I: 2011 x + 244 hlm; 14 cm x 21 cm ISBN: 978-602-99702-7-2 Fisipol UGM Gedung Bulaksumur Sayap Utara Lt. 1 Jl. Sosio-Justisia, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 Telp: 0274 563362 ext 115 Fax.0274 563362 ext.116 Website: http://www.iis-ugm.org E-mail: [email protected] iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This book is a revised version of my Master of Arts (MA) thesis, which was written between 1994-1995 in the Australian National University, Canberra Australia. -
Paul Ormonde's Audio Archive About Jim Cairns Melinda Barrie
Giving voice to Melbourne’s radical past Paul Ormonde’s audio archive about Jim Cairns Melinda Barrie University of Melbourne Archives (UMA) has recently Melbourne economic historian and federal politician Jim digitised and catalogued journalist Paul Ormonde’s Cairns’.4 Greer’s respect for Cairns’ contribution to social audio archive of his interviews with ALP politician Jim and cultural life in Australia is further corroborated in her Cairns (1914–2003).1 It contains recordings with Cairns, speech at the launch of Protest!, in which she expressed and various media broadcasts that Ormonde used when her concern about not finding any trace of Cairns at the writing his biography of Cairns, A foolish passionate university, and asked about the whereabouts of his archive: man.2 It also serves as an oral account of the Australian ‘I have looked all over the place and the name brings up Labor Party’s time in office in the 1970s after 23 years in nothing … you can’t afford to forget him’.5 Fortunately, opposition.3 Paul Ormonde offered to donate his collection of taped This article describes how Ormonde’s collection was interviews with Cairns not long after Greer’s speech. acquired and the role it has played in the development During his long and notable career in journalism, of UMA’s audiovisual (AV) collection management Ormonde (b. 1931) worked in both print and broadcast procedures. It also provides an overview of the media, including the Daily Telegraph, Sun News Pictorial Miegunyah-funded AV audit project (2012–15), which and Radio Australia. A member of the Australian Labor established the foundation for the care and safeguarding Party at the time of the party split in 1955, he was directly of UMA’s AV collections. -
Commonwealth Responsibility and Cold War Solidarity Australia in Asia, 1944–74
COMMONWEALTH RESPONSIBILITY AND COLD WAR SOLIDARITY AUSTRALIA IN ASIA, 1944–74 COMMONWEALTH RESPONSIBILITY AND COLD WAR SOLIDARITY AUSTRALIA IN ASIA, 1944–74 DAN HALVORSON Published by ANU Press The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email: [email protected] Available to download for free at press.anu.edu.au ISBN (print): 9781760463236 ISBN (online): 9781760463243 WorldCat (print): 1126581099 WorldCat (online): 1126581312 DOI: 10.22459/CRCWS.2019 This title is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). The full licence terms are available at creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode Cover design and layout by ANU Press. Cover image courtesy of the National Archives of Australia. NAA: A1775, RGM107. This edition © 2019 ANU Press Contents Acknowledgements . vii Abbreviations . ix 1 . Introduction . 1 2 . Region and regionalism in the immediate postwar period . 13 3 . Decolonisation and Commonwealth responsibility . 43 4 . The Cold War and non‑communist solidarity in East Asia . 71 5 . The winds of change . 103 6 . Outside the margins . 131 7 . Conclusion . 159 References . 167 Index . 185 Acknowledgements I would like to thank Cathy Moloney, Anja Mustafic, Jennifer Roberts and Lucy West for research assistance on this project. Thanks also to my colleagues Michael Heazle, Andrew O’Neil, Wes Widmaier, Ian Hall, Jason Sharman and Lucy West for reading and commenting on parts of the work. Additionally, I would like to express my gratitude to participants at the 15th International Conference of Australian Studies in China, held at Peking University, Beijing, 8–10 July 2016, and participants at the Seventh Annual Australia–Japan Dialogue, hosted by the Griffith Asia Institute and Japan Institute for International Affairs, held in Brisbane, 9 November 2017, for useful comments on earlier papers contributing to the manuscript. -
The Life and Times of the Remarkable Alf Pollard
1 FROM FARMBOY TO SUPERSTAR: THE LIFE AND TIMES OF THE REMARKABLE ALF POLLARD John S. Croucher B.A. (Hons) (Macq) MSc PhD (Minn) PhD (Macq) PhD (Hon) (DWU) FRSA FAustMS A dissertation submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Technology, Sydney Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences August 2014 2 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINAL AUTHORSHIP I certify that the work in this thesis has not previously been submitted for a degree nor has it been submitted as part of requirements for a degree except as fully acknowledged within the text. I also certify that the thesis has been written by me. Any help that I have received in my research work and the preparation of the thesis itself has been acknowledged. In addition, I certify that all information sources and literature used are indicated in the thesis. Signature of Student: Date: 12 August 2014 3 INTRODUCTION Alf Pollard’s contribution to the business history of Australia is as yet unwritten—both as a biography of the man himself, but also his singular, albeit often quiet, achievements. He helped to shape the business world in which he operated and, in parallel, made outstanding contributions to Australian society. Cultural deprivation theory tells us that people who are working class have themselves to blame for the failure of their children in education1 and Alf was certainly from a low socio-economic, indeed extremely poor, family. He fitted such a child to the letter, although he later turned out to be an outstanding counter-example despite having no ‘built-in’ advantage as he not been socialised in a dominant wealthy culture. -
The Racial Discrimination Act: a 40 Year Perspective Inaugural Kep Enderby Lecture
The Racial Discrimination Act: A 40 Year Perspective Inaugural Kep Enderby Lecture Chief Justice Robert French AC 22 October 2015, Sydney Introduction Keppel Earl Enderby QC, who died on 8 January 2015 at the age of 88, was a dedicated servant of the Australian people. He was a libertarian and a law reformer. In 1975, as Attorney-General for the Commonwealth, he introduced into the Parliament the Bill that became the Racial Discrimination Act 1975 (Cth) ('RDA'). This evening we celebrate the 40th anniversary of that Act and Kep Enderby's life of service in the presence of his widow, Dorothy Enderby and his son, Keir. He was born in Dubbo in 1926. He was educated at the Dubbo High School. He served with the RAAF as a trainee pilot in 1944 and 1945 and gained a law degree from Sydney University in 1950. He went to the United Kingdom for a few years where he married and had two children. He returned to New South Wales and took up practice at the Bar there in 1955. In 1962, he was appointed as a lecturer in law at the Australian National University. In Canberra he met his second wife, Dorothy, a university librarian. He recommenced practicing law in Canberra in 1966 and became an active member of the Australian Labor Party. He was appointed Queens Counsel in 1973. Kep Enderby was elected to the House of Representatives representing the Australian Capital Territory from 1970 to 1974 and the new seat of Canberra from 1974 to 1975. He held a number of ministerial portfolios during the time of the Whitlam Government. -
Melbourne Press Club Laurie Oakes Address 15 September 2017
MELBOURNE PRESS CLUB LAURIE OAKES ADDRESS 15 SEPTEMBER 2017 Thank you all for coming. And thank you to the Melbourne Press Club for organizing this lunch. Although I’m based in Canberra, I’ve long felt a strong link with this club and been involved in its activities when I can-- including a period as one of the Perkin Award judges. Many of the members are people I’ve worked with over the years. I feel I belong. So this farewell means a lot to me. When I picked up the papers this morning, my first thought was: “God, I’m so old I knew Lionel Murphy.” In fact, I broke the story of his terminal cancer that shut down the inquiry. But making me feel even older was the fact that I’d even had a bit to do with Abe Saffron, known to the headline writers as “Mr Sin”, in my brief period on police rounds at the Sydney Mirror. Not long after I joined the Mirror, knowing nothing and having to be trained from scratch, a young journo called Anna Torv was given the job of introducing me to court reporting. The case involved charges against Mr Saffron based on the flimsy grounds, I seem to recall, that rooms in Lodge 44, the Sydney motel he owned that was also his headquarters, contained stolen fridges. At one stage during the trial a cauliflower-eared thug leaned across me to hand a note to Anna. It was from Abe saying he’d like to meet her. I intercepted it, but I don’t think Anna would have had much trouble rejecting the invitation. -
Larry Anthony
All in the family: Nationals still moving with times LARRY ANTHONY Cartoon: Eric Lobbecke 12:00AM MARCH 13, 2020 One hundred years is an amazing record and what better way to tell the story of the Nationals than through the eyes of one family that has been involved from the start, the Anthonys. My family’s parliamentary representation spans 56 years, but our party connections are much older. I want to take you back to some of the great moments of our history and the characters of those times. Our party’s history was shaped during and after the Great War. My grandfather, Hubert Lawrence Anthony, was 18 years old and recovering from war wounds received in Gallipoli when he was visited by prime minister Billy Hughes in London. This left a lasting impression, and was to plant the seeds of his political ambition. HL Anthony was elected to parliament as the member for Richmond, NSW, in October 1937 and entered the ministry in 1940. His wife, my father Doug’s mother, died unexpectedly in 1941 when Doug was 12. The boy was sent to boarding school and spent many school holidays living with his father at the Kurrajong Hotel in Canberra and with the run of Parliament House. “That was my playground — the parliament,’’ he’d tell us. “I used to rollerskate around the lower floors of Parliament House and could virtually go anywhere in the building … I could go up to the prime minister’s office, where I knew the staff, many of them living in the Kurrajong Hotel.” It was a handy grounding. -
Office of Profit Under the Crown
RESEARCH PAPER SERIES, 2017–18 14 JUNE 2018 Office of profit under the Crown Professor Anne Twomey, University of Sydney Law School Executive summary • Section 44(iv) of the Constitution provides that a person is incapable of being chosen as a Member of Parliament if he or she holds an ‘office of profit under the Crown’. This is also a ground for disqualification from office for existing members and senators under section 45. There has been considerable uncertainty about what is meant by holding an office of profit under the Crown. • First the person must hold an ‘office’. This is a position to which duties attach of a work-like nature. It is usually, but not always the case, that the office continues to exist independently of the person who holds it. However, a person on the ‘unattached’ list of the public service still holds an office. • Second, it must be an ‘office of profit’. This means that some form of ‘profit’ or remuneration must attach to the office, regardless of whether or not that profit is transferred to the office- holder. Reimbursement of actual expenses does not amount to ‘profit’, but a public servant who is on leave without pay or an office-holder who declines to accept a salary or allowances still holds an office of profit. The source of the profit does not matter. Even if it comes from fees paid by members of the public or other private sources, as long as the profit is attached to the office, that is sufficient. • Third, the office of profit must be ‘under the Crown’.