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A MEMORY TRAIL the Story of the Survivors of the Slave Ship Wanderer Through a Family Learning Experience

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A MEMORY TRAIL the Story of the Survivors of the Slave Ship Wanderer Through a Family Learning Experience ST.ANDREWS PARK Jekyll Island , Georgia A MEMORY TRAIL The Story of the Survivors of the Slave Ship Wanderer Through a Family Learning Experience Artaventure • Richmond, VA • ( 9 0 4 ) 8 0 6 - 3 8 0 8 CurtisBowman.com Project Description A new outdoor interpretive exhibit, A Memory Trail, is being planned for St. Andrews Park on Jekyll Island, Georgia. The exhibit will chronicle the 1858-’59 voyage, landing, subsequent events and legacy of the slave ship Wanderer, the last to reach Georgia. This new project will replace the existing monument and supplement the existing interpretive panels on the park site and offer a more comprehensive and accessible experience for heritage tourists as well as interested locals. The park is overseen and administered by the Jekyll Island Authority through its Historical Resources division. Existing Wanderer memorial and interpretive panels St. Andrews Park is located along the southwest shore of Jekyll Island, a coastal barrier island with a small local population and a substantial tourist-base. The park has open access with adequate parking, picnic tables, restroom facilities, and a path network that leads from the parking areas to the existing exhibit/ monument, a beach access, an observation deck and connecting trails leading to and from other areas of the island. There are a combination of live oak, S. Andrews Park cedar and pine that form a shade 2 canopy in approximately 50% of the area planned for the trail. The natural functions of erosion, littoral drift and strong river currents are impacting the site. Accumulations of blown sand have build up on several sections of the path network predominately around the southwestern area adjacent to the river. For this reason, A Memory Trail will be located east of the current exhibit location, beginning at the southeastern approach path adjacent to the parking area, and continuing in a winding, linear progression north to the observation deck. Approximately 400 linear feet of 6-8 feet wide permeable crushed aggregate path and associated turn-out areas need to be constructed from the parking area, joining an approximate 300 feet of existing path of the same aggregate terminating at the observation tower. This will accomplish a consistent surface associated with the entire length of the exhibit. Design Approach The Jekyll Island Museum envisions a new park exhibit that augments1 the story of the Wanderer, the last slave ship to reach Georgia in the African Slave Trade. It is believed that a family learning experience will best engage the broadest audience and help to insure that the museum’s educational mission is met. Family learning exhibit programs, through their content and presentation, encourage social interaction 1 existing didactic interpretive panels will be retained and moved to the area in front of the restrooms 3 within informal education environments. Borrowing from socio-cultural theory in psychology, this approach argues that learning happens between people during interaction, particularly during conversation. 2 This interaction has been found to be especially effective between children and their caregivers. To achieve this interaction along A Memory Trail a hierarchy The best children's books of connected messages will be revealed about slavery can do this: telegraph injustice in a through a series of progressive stations along phrase or a glance, without the trail. The main component will be a simple unduly scaring kids or but engaging fictional account of the ordeal unwisely letting them off the hook. told through the eyes of a young African who Slavery in children's books: has been taken and enslaved. This story will What works?, Nara Schoenberg, be reinforced through colorful children’s Chicago Tribune book-style illustrations and re-created structures and settings sized for children. Historical information will also be included to aid parents/ caregivers in the explanation of context and complex issues. This multigenerational interplay, as mentioned previously, is considered a benefit to the overall experience. Woven into the context will be questions and thought suggestions that will serve as “meaning-making”3 and suggest connections between historic and current perceptions and cultural norms. 2 Crowley& Callahan, 1998 3 how we relate to what is seen and experienced to one’s self, life, and relationships 4 Historical Background Excerpted from research by Andrea Marroquin, Curator, Jekyll Island Museum The Wanderer Survivors were among the last known groups of enslaved Africans illegally smuggled into America. They consisted of kidnapped children, captive warriors, ambushed traders, and African royalty. Most were just boys, between 13 and 18 years old. Families and homes were lost and left behind in Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, and the Congo. One man was traded all the way across the continent, “from the coast of Africa where the sun rises.” The captives were driven to the coast, some bound and yoked like animals, headed for market. They were marched to the mouth of the Congo River, a crowd of miserable, naked young men and women, boys and girls. There they were sold for “$1 to $2 apiece, paid for in bright-hued cloth, trinkets, and gewgaws” and imprisoned aboard the slave ship Wanderer. In the belly of this vessel, they endured a six-week ocean voyage, fraught with terror. The captives were crammed inside the hold of the ship and caged behind iron bars. The most ferocious men were placed in chains. About 60 women and children remained on deck, “stalled like sheep in a crowded fold.” Male captives were brought up in turns for fresh air, but in stormy weather the hold stayed closed for days at a time. Many captives sickened and died from the foul air, hunger, and desperation. 5 Around 490 enslaved men, women, and children were imprisoned aboard the Wanderer, but only about 407 are believed to have survived the journey. Reports indicated that “the death rate among the poor creatures was terrible, 50 of them dying during the homeward passage.” Wanderer Survivor Charles Carr sadly remembered “sometimes 15 were picked up dead in the morning and thrown overboard.” From Jekyll Island, the Wanderer Survivors were offered for sale and scattered throughout the South. Although many Africans from the Wanderer were reported traveling by railroad, steamer, and wagon throughout the country, a number of them also remained nearby. Some local plantation owners came directly to Jekyll Island to purchase a live African. Judge Henry William Hopkins remembered that “The natives from the mainland & Island would come in canoes & row boats, jerk up a negro; throw him in, & off with his prize.” One group of Wanderer Survivors were sold to the Tatemville area of Savannah, Georgia. These African men and women spoke Gullah, crafted needful things such as spoons, trays, buckets, piggins [scoop bucket], and log mortars and pestles. They used drums for social gatherings and for burials, “then all would sing and dance in a circle to the accompaniment of the drum.” It is clear that Wanderer Survivors sought to retain their African cultural traditions and heritage in their new surroundings. 6 While the enslaved men and women brought to this area from West Africa hailed from a variety of different tribes, they shared many similar cultural traditions. Together, they created a new culture known as the Gullah Geechee, blending their ancestral traditions with those of other cultures they encountered in order to adapt to the changing needs of this new place. The Gullah Geechee people were named for their African- based creole language. This language blended West African, English, French, and Portuguese languages, so that the enslaved community could talk to one another and also to their owners. The Gullah Geechee have retained many cultural traditions passed down to them from their African ancestors. A variety of crafts, food, music, and dance traditions were preserved and continue to be celebrated. Today, the Gullah Geechee culture still thrives along the coast of South Carolina, Georgia, North Carolina and Florida. 7 Walking A Memory Trail The interpretive trail begins at the first (easternmost) path connecting the parking area to the park restrooms. At this point a new accessible trail surface will be constructed incorporating a pervious mesh reinforced / crushed marl substrate. The trail will follow and replace the existing path in front of the restrooms, continue along the northernmost Resurfacing begins, 0 ft. connector and eventually tie into to the northern section (a similar existing marl path) leading to the observation deck, the terminus of the interpretive trail. The new trail is being included and incorporated in order to bypass areas affected by accreting sand. The trail will include intermittently placed paver-size markers that are inset in the path substrate. A bare foot print symbol will mark the trail and orient visitors as they proceed along a series of interpretive stations. Small directional signage will be placed at the beginning of the past identifying the Wanderer Exhibit and A Memory Trail. A larger title panel, located in the open area just past the restrooms will graphically announce the beginning. It will consist of a vertical aggregate stone or wood pylon with a graphic panel that reads: A Memory Trail Survivors of the Slave Ship Wanderer and Their Legacy 8 In front of the title panel; a new monument, consisting of a shorter truncated base, will support a small contour-cut figurative sculpture fabricated in Corten steel to depict and celebrate survivors. The steel Site of title panel and monument, material will develop a rust/sealed patina. 100 ft. 9 Interpretive/ Interactive Stations Station 8 Observation Tower 660 ‘ 600 ‘ Station 7 Station 6 500 ‘ Station 5 400 ‘ Station 4 300 ‘ Station 2 Station 3 Station 1 200 ‘ New Intro Panel & Statue 100 ‘ Restrooms New location Existing Interpretive Existing Memorial/ Panels Interpretive Panels Parking Begin Slave Trail Note: The following descriptions are suggestions only and are meant to be guidelines for subsequent development in the design development stage.
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