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SKRIPSI Oleh LETA NOPRIANSYAH 2051511022 PROGRAM STUDI

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SKRIPSI Oleh LETA NOPRIANSYAH 2051511022 PROGRAM STUDI DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN HARGA PEMBELIAN PEMERINTAH TERHADAP PERMINTAAN DAN PENAWARAN GABAH DI DESA RIAS KECAMATAN TOBOALI KABUPATEN BANGKA SELATAN SKRIPSI Oleh LETA NOPRIANSYAH 2051511022 PROGRAM STUDI AGRIBISNIS FAKULTAS PERTANIAN PERIKANAN DAN BIOLOGI UNIVERSITAS BANGKA BELITUNG 2019 DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN HARGA PEMBELIAN PEMERINTAH TERHADAP PERMINTAAN DAN PENAWARAN GABAH DI DESA RIAS KECAMATAN TOBOALI KABUPATEN BANGKA SELATAN Oleh Leta Nopriansyah 2051511022 Skripsi Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Pertanian di Program Studi Agribisnis PROGRAM STUDI AGRIBISNIS FAKULTAS PERTANIAN PERIKANAN DAN BIOLOGI UNIVERSITAS BANGKA BELITUNG 2019 ABSTRAK Leta Nopriansyah (2051511022). Dampak Kebijakan Harga Pembelian Pemerintah Terhadap Permintaan dan Penawaran Gabah di Desa Rias Kecamatan Toboali Kabupaten Bangka Selatan. (Pembimbing : Fournita Agustina dan Iwan Setiawan) Desa Rias adalah salah satu Desa di Kecamatan Toboali Bangka Selatan yang ditetapkan Pemerintah Provinsi Bangka Belitung sebagai lumbung padi. Pemerintah melalui Bupati Bangka Selatan memilih Desa Rias sebagai kawasan ketahanan pangan dan merencanakan membangun pasar pertanian sebagai usaha untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan warga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak kebijakan harga pembelian pemerintah terhadap permintaan dan penawaran gabah di Desa Rias Kecamatan Toboali Kabupaten Bangka Selatan dan menganalisis efektifitas kebijakan harga pembelian pemerintah dibandingkan dengan kebijakan harga pembelian pemerintah yang sebelumnya berlaku terhadap nilai jual gabah di tingkat petani. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2018 sampai bulan Juli 2019 di Desa Rias Kecamatan Toboali Kabupaten Bangka Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei. Metode penarikan contoh yang digunakan adalah Kuota Sampling dengan sampel petani padi sawah. Jumlah sampel petani padi sawah sebanyak 98 orang. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis uji beda dua sampel berpasangan (Paired Sample t Test). Hasil penelitian menunjukan kebijakan harga pembelian gabah pemerintah sebelum tahun 2015 dan setelah tahun 2015 melalui Peraturan Presiden No.5 tahun 2015 tidak memberikan dampak atau perbedaan yang siginfikan terhadap permintaan dan penawaran gabah di Desa Rias Kecamatan Toboali. Kebijakan harga pembelian gabah pemerintah melalui Peraturan Presiden No.5 tahun 2015 memberikan perbedaan terhadap nilai jual petani walaupun terjadi penurunan tingkat produksi setelah tahun 2015 akibat dari serangan hama dan penyakit pada tanaman padi petani sehingga kebijakan tersebut efektif dan berguna bagi petani untuk menjamin harga gabah ditingkat petani. Kata kunci : dampak kebijakan, permintaan, penawaran, gabah, harga ABSTRACT Leta Nopriansyah (2051511022). Impact of Government Purchase Price Policy on Grain Requests and Offers in Rias Village, Toboali Subdistrict, South Bangka Regency. (Advisor: Fournita Agustina and Iwan Setiawan) Rias Village is one of the villages in the South Bangka Toboali Subdistrict which was established by the Bangka Belitung Provincial Government as a rice barn. The government through the South Bangka Regent chose Rias Village as an area of food security and planned to build an agricultural market as an effort to increase the welfare of citizens. This study aims to analyze the impact of the government's purchase price policy on grain demand and supply in Rias Village, Toboali Subdistrict, South Bangka Regency and analyze the effectiveness of government purchase price policies compared to government purchase price policies that previously applied to grain sales at farm level. This research was conducted in September 2018 until July 2019 in Rias Village, Toboali Subdistrict, South Bangka Regency. The research method used is the survey method. The sampling method used is quota sampling with samples of lowland rice farmers. The number of samples of paddy rice farmers is 98 people. Data analysis method uses qualitative analysis (Paired Sample t Test). The results of the study show the policy of purchasing government grain before 2015 and after 2015 through Presidential Regulation No.5 of 2015 did not have a significant impact or difference on the demand and supply of grain in the Rias Village of Toboali Sub-District. The policy of purchasing government grain through Presidential Regulation No.5 of 2015 gives a difference to the selling value of farmers despite a decline in production levels after 2015 due to pest and disease attacks on rice farmers so that the policy can be said to be effective and useful for farmers to guarantee prices grain at the farmer level. Keywords : impact of policy, demand, supply, grain, price KATA PENGANTAR Puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas rahmat dan karunia-Nya, sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan penyusunan Skripsi yang berjudul “Dampak Kebijakan Harga Pembelian Pemerintah Terhadap Permintaan dan Penawaran Gabah Di Desa Rias Kecamatan Toboali Kabupaten Bangka Selatan”. Tidak lupa juga shalawat dan salam kepada junjungan kita Nabi Muhammad SAW yang telah membawa kita ke zaman yang terang benderang seperti saat ini. Penyelesaian skripsi ini, penulis banyak mengalami kesulitan terutama disebabkan kurangnya pengetahuan dan sumber acuan yang berkenaan dengan penelitian. Namun berkat bimbingan dan bantuan dari berbagai pihak akhirnya skripsi ini dapat terselesaikan walaupun masih terdapat kekurangan didalamnya. Dalam kesempatan ini penulis mengucapkan banyak terima kasih kepada : 1. Kedua orang tua saya, terutama Ibunda tercinta Leni Suparti yang selalu mendukung dan mendoakan selama penyusunan skripsi ini serta terima kasih kepada Ayahanda tercinta Doni Taufik (Alm) yang telah mendidik dan membesarkan saya. 2. Adik-adikku tercinta Lili Epi Chandrayani dan Linda Amelia, serta sahabat hidupku Puspita Sari Anggraini. 3. Ibu Dr. Fournita Agustina, S.P.,M.Si selaku dosen pembimbing utama yang telah bersedia memberikan waktu, dukungan dan arahan solusi selama proses bimbingan sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini. 4. Bapak Iwan Setiawan, S.P.M.Si selaku dosen pembimbing pendamping yang telah banyak memberikan masukan, saran, bimbingan serta bantuan dalam proses penyusunan skripsi. 5. Ibu Rati Purwasih, S.P., M.Si dan Ibu Yulia, S.Pt., M.Si selaku dosen penguji dalam kolokium, seminar hasil, dan sidang komprehensif. 6. Seluruh dosen dan staf Jurusan Agribisnis yang telah bersedia membagi waktu, ilmu, dan pengalaman selama penulis menjalani proses perkuliahan. iii 7. Sahabat seperjuangan terbaik : Suherpi, Rendi Pernandez, Yansah. Serta teman- teman Jurusan Agribisnis angkatan 2015 atas kerjasama, bantuan, doa dan kebersamaan selama kuliah. 8. Para petani di Desa Rias Kecamatan Toboali Kabupaten Bangka Selatan yang telah bersedia memberikan waktu, mendukung dan membantu penulis dalam proses penelitian. 9. Almamaterku tercinta, Universitas Bangka Belitung. Penulis menyadari bahwa skripsi penelitian yang dibuat ini masih jauh dari kata sempurna. Oleh karena itu, kritik dan saran yang bersifat membangun dan dapat membantu memperbaiki skripsi penelitian skripsi ini sangat perlu diberikan kepada penulis. Penulis berharap skripsi ini dapat diterima dan bermanfaat serta menjadi sumber informasi bagi pembaca. Balunijuk, Agustus 2019 Penulis iv DAFTAR ISI Halaman HALAMAN JUDUL HALAMAN PENGESAHAN KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................................... iii DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................................. iv DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................................... vi DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................................... vii I. PENDAHULUAN ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Latar Belakang ..................................................................................................... 1 1.2. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................................ 7 1.3. Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................................. 7 1.4. Kegunaan Penelitian ............................................................................................ 8 II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................................ 9 2.1. Landasan Teori .................................................................................................... 9 2.1.1. Pengertian Harga ...................................................................................... 9 2.1.2. Peranan Harga ......................................................................................... 10 2.1.3. Tujuan Penetapan Harga ......................................................................... 12 2.1.4. Ketetapan Harga Produk Pertanian ......................................................... 14 2.1.5. Kebijakan Harga Output Gabah .............................................................. 14 2.1.6. Penerapan Harga Pembelian Pemerintah ................................................ 22 2.1.7. Permintaan dan Penawaran ..................................................................... 23 2.1.8. Teori Tanaman Padi ................................................................................ 27 2.1.9. Teknik Budidaya Padi Sawah
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