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Promoting Peace , H Uman Righ Ts and Dialogue Among Civilizations Promoting peace, human rights and dialogue among civilizations Promoting peace, human rights and dialogue among civilizations Promoting peace, human rights and dialogue among civilizations List of co-authors Larbi Djacta Mikel Mancisidor Josep Borrell Fontelles Alain Modoux Rodolfo Solano Quirós Carmen Parra Rodríguez Mohammed Bin Abdulkarim Al-Issa Mariateresa Garrido Francisco Rojas Aravena Ivan Jurkovic Alvaro Iranzo Gutiérrez Faisal Bin Muaammar Douglas Roche Enrique Baron Crespo Abdulaziz Almuzaini Ahmad Abdul Qayyum Alvaro Rodriguez Marie-Thérèse Pictet-Althann David Fernandez Puyana Leon Saltiel Gustavo Campos Amjad Mohamed Saleem Pinar Gozen Ercan Daniel Fonseca Lubna Qassim Mohamed Levrak Husain Abdali Makhlooq Miguel Bosé Priyankar Upadhaya Sofía Gandarías Juan Carlos Sainz Borgo Editor and coordination David Fernandez Puyana Support team Yanlin Yu Dionisio Sánchez Otto Segura The information shared in this book is provided in good faith for informational and educational purposes only, and the author holds no responsibility for the outcome of the use of the techniques or suggestions contained herein. ISBN 978-9930-542-19-4 ©UPEACE Press November 2020 The work of art “Gernika” (p.462) is the property of the Gernika Peace Museum. Back cover: The author of the piece “Doves in Peace” is the late Sofia Gandarias. Table of Contents ACRONYMS..................................................................................................................... 9 FORWARD H.E. Mr. Larbi Djacta Under-Secretary General of the United Nations Chair of the International Service Commission (ICSC) .................................................................11 H.E. Mr. Josep Borrell Fontelles High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy .........................................................................................................13 H.E. Mr. Rodolfo Solano Quirós Minister of Foreign Affairs and Worship of Costa Rica .................................................................17 H.E. Dr. Mohammed Bin Abdulkarim Al-Issa Secretary General of the Muslim World League ..............................................................................19 Dr. Francisco Rojas Aravena Rector of the University for Peace established by the General Assembly of the United Nations (UPEACE) ...............................................................23 PROLOGUE H.E. Mr. Alvaro Iranzo Gutiérrez Ambassador of Spain to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ................................................................27 Hon. Mr. Douglas Roche Former Canadian Senator and Former Ambassador for Disarmament..............................31 Dr. Abdulaziz Almuzaini Director, Charge de Mission, Partnerships Public and Private at the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in Paris ..................................33 Mr. Alvaro Rodriguez UN Resident Coordinator a.i. in the Republic of Turkey ...............................................................35 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 37 PART I: DECLARATION AND PLAN OF ACTION ON A CULTURE OF PEACE .... 43 1. Historical approach .............................................................................................................................43 2. Analysis .....................................................................................................................................................48 2.1 Legal approach ..............................................................................................................................48 2.2 Areas of work ..................................................................................................................................50 2.2.1 Fostering a culture of peace through education ..................................................50 2.2.2 Promotion of sustainable economic and social development ....................58 2.2.3 Respect for all human rights ..........................................................................................63 2.2.4 Equality between men and women ...........................................................................74 2.2.5 Democratic participation .................................................................................................78 2.2.6 Understanding, tolerance and solidarity .................................................................81 2.2.7 Participatory communication and the free flow of information and knowledge ..........................................................................................................................................85 2.2.8 International peace and security .................................................................................86 PART II: PROMOTION OF INTERRELIGIOUS AND INTERCULTURAL DIALOGUE, UNDERSTANDING AND COOPERATION FOR PEACE ..................... 91 1. Historical approach .............................................................................................................................91 2. Rights-based approach to intercultural and interreligious dialogue .......................95 3. Areas of action ....................................................................................................................................100 3.1. Global Agenda for Dialogue among Civilizations ...................................................100 3.2. Prevention of armed conflict..............................................................................................104 3.3 Reconciliation .............................................................................................................................112 3.4. Elimination of all forms of intolerance and of discrimination based on religion or belief ................................................................................................................................118 3.5 Interfaith Dialogue ....................................................................................................................121 3.6 Cultural diversity........................................................................................................................127 3.7. Violence and violent extremism ......................................................................................133 PART III: ENTITIES OF THE UNITED NATIONS Introduction: mandate to interact with the entities of the United Nations system on peace matters .........................................................................................139 1. Security Council ................................................................................................................................139 1.1 Peace and security .....................................................................................................................139 1.2 Violation of human rights as a threat to international peace and security .142 1.3 Subsidiary bodies .......................................................................................................................145 1.3.1 Counter-terrorism Committee ..................................................................................145 1.3.2 Peacebuilding Commission ........................................................................................151 2. General Assembly ............................................................................................................................153 2.1 Subsidiary bodies .....................................................................................................................158 2.1.1 Human Rights Council ..................................................................................................158 2.1.2 International Law Commission ................................................................................160 3. Economic and social Council.....................................................................................................164 3.1 Programmes and funds ........................................................................................................168 3.1.1 United Nations Children's Emergency Fund .....................................................168 3.1.2 United Nations Development Programme ........................................................173 3.1.3 United Nations Environment Programme .........................................................177 3.1.4 United Nations-Habitat ................................................................................................182 3.1.5 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees ........................................184 3.1.6 United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime .......................................................186 3.1.7 United Nations Population Fund ............................................................................189 3.1.8 United Nations-Women ..............................................................................................191 3.1.9 World Food Programme ..............................................................................................194 3.2 Research and Training Institutes ....................................................................................196 3.2.1 United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research ..................................196 3.2.2 United Nations Institute for Training and Research ....................................197 3.2.3 United Nations Research
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