Palabras clave refiere. se audiovisual ysituación arodajes cuanto en Canarias Islas ylas España de el como turismo de tipo este marketing de formas nuevas Tras explicar Zelanda. Nueva de olvidarnos Unido, Reino sin Unidos hasta Estados desde cinematográfico: turismo del beneficiado que han se países diferentes de situación la examinando idea, torno en a esa gira trabajo Este personas. sobre las ejercen que estas atracción de poder el incuestionable es cinantes, fas más vez son cada ycinematográficas televisivas producciones mundo donde un las En Resumen Islands. Canary the in shootings Spain, in shootings branding, place tourism, : Film-induced Keywords Islands. the Canary in more specifically, and Spain, in of shootings situation current and past the analyzing we end up branding), (place of tourism kind to this related of marketing forms emerging new explaining After Zealand. New forgetting without UK, to the USA the –from tourism film-induced from benefited have that countries through going idea, previous the around work revolves This unquestionable. over people is exert can they that of power attraction the more more alluring, and becoming are productions cinema and a worldIn television where Abstract las Islas Canarias. Islas las TELEVISION AND OF CINEMA INFLUENCE THE Revista Latente : turismo cinematográfico, cinematográfico, : turismo Raquel Sola Real y Claudia Medina Herrera Medina yClaudia SolaRaquel Real TELEVISIÓN YLA CINE DEL INFLUENCIA LA DOI: http://doi.org/10.25145/j.latente.2018.16.001DOI: ON TOURISM PROMOTIONON TOURISM place branding EN LA PROMOCIÓN TURÍSTICA PROMOCIÓN LA EN , 16; diciembre 2018, pp. 9-36; ISSN: e-2386-8503 2018, ISSN: pp. 9-36; , 16; diciembre Universidad de La Laguna La de Universidad , terminaremos analizando el pasado y presente ypresente pasado el analizando , terminaremos place branding , rodajes en España, rodajes en en rodajes España, en , rodajes relacionadas con con relacionadas -

REVISTA LATENTE, 16; 2018, PP. 9-36 9 REVISTA LATENTE, 16; 2018, PP. 9-36 10 travel in the sense that first films, visiting distant places or recognized celebrations, or recognized places distant visiting films, first that sense the in travel subject of the study. our being latter the tourism, or film-induced tourism dark tourism, of slow case the is such years: few more last more the and in becoming relevant are special. something from reality, to elude day-to-day to problems escape experience is and to feel and to travel reasons one of that main the claim authors (van Rekom, Krippendorf) Tourist and Development: Concept and Issues book and Tourist the Concept in gathered Development: and J. David and Telfer Sharpley Richard of authors. As by range a wide ones revealed it. to unable express are it therefore know they and not they sure are even they travel, or for sometimes their reason the to reveal people not are willing cases many in book, that the in asserted clear, as It forces. also and/or is factors social to it psychological tied and is different motivation onethe of also each of is them 2) 1) to achieve: we wanted that poses 3) and leisure (2004). leisure and hospitality of tourism, psychology book Consumer the in explained as research, tourism of areas motivation one difficult somewhere is and –tourist of most intricate the not and number just to of the stay in people something to who experience travel others. tourism, among ortourism cultural sand” “sun, and sea so-called the find we can category this In of activities. leisure order in to to enjoy go places others and or friends, avariety family to their meet want they do others it of because business, people because many travel declares, ( purposes” other and environment for business leisure, for one not year usual consecutive more than outside their places in staying to and of traveling persons “comprises activities the 4) 5)

T P T E U o analyze and clarify the relation between cinema and tourism through history. through tourism and cinema relation between the clarify and o analyze rove that cinema and television productions are able to attract and generate and able productions television to and are attract cinema rove that o explain what makes a spectator want to visit a destination that appears in in appears that to visit adestination want aspectator makes what o explain valuate the situation and the possibilities in Spain and the Canaries. the and Spain in possibilities the situation and the valuate nderstand how tourist promotion occurs through motion pictures. how promotion through tourist nderstand occurs We cannot forget that cinema is born absolutely linked to the concept to born the absolutelyof is We cinema forgetlinked that cannot of tourism types certain that no it surprise as comes fact, this knowing After Nevertheless, there is one motivation that stands out among the different out different the among one is there stands motivation that Nevertheless, Regarding the objectives of the work, we can name at least five main pur main five at least name of work, objectives the the we can Regarding films or TV series. or TV films It is no novelty to state that in the last years there has been an increase increase an been has there years last the It in no is novelty that to state above definition the as of tourists: kinds different Therefore, are there that action the (World as tourism Tourism defines UNWTO Organization) own. ontourism their 2011: 1). Tourism Satellite Account..., 2011:

Due to the fact that there are a great variety of different tourists, tourists, of different variety a great are there that fact Due to the 2. INTRODUCTION 2. 1. OBJECTIVES

(2002), several - take into account the amount of books that end up being adapted to end films. adapted up being that of amount into books the account take sensibility. or aesthetic We should also circumstances plot the personal and through abond creates it up reader/viewer emotions and also the stir in can narrative the (Connell, tourism 2012: ofantecedent film 1007), some similarities: share both since reality. another to know people get to and live desire make also (1992: Tourist Experience and Country: Cookson Expectation 236-243), can literature Catherine in Pocock explains As tourism. literary to related cinema: close is that 256-268). 2006b: (Hudson &Ritchie, industry of entertainment the growth improvement the are the and of most important but travel the of international two of tourism, kind of387-396). this rise support the that reasons different We find can on television, 2006a: screen” avideo, or cinema featured the Ritchie, (Hudson and being of place the aresult as or “the attraction visit to adestination as defined is seriously into consideration. taken of 21st the being is decades two century first the in that opportunity It series. an is of Golden TV the age in living we are ones, as television their butmoney also just to not satisfy, whims, cinematographic only their much more spending voluntary are adepts These jet setters. as known currently the of tourist, type anew London). of and tourism Studios, up type have anew set Fans World Florida Potter or Studios, Warner (Universal Wizarding The of Bros Harry Hobbiton or NZ) Zealand), New (Matamata, Rocks, (Mangaotaki Earth Middle Croatia), (Dubrovnik, Landing of Kings case the is no end. That rising keep locations or Potter Harry of Thrones, industry. tourism the for become indisputable has claim that passes time as own, and from their different ties Lumière’s projection first the tour took and place. first his organized Cook Thomas were 19th tourism invented the and movies both during Century, whenBesides, enjoy seen. and destination the room to fly dark the in viewer the were inviting Aspects of Interest Aspects viewing) or reading by travel (armchair Media History Consideration Aspects Under Under Aspects Therefore, despite being different, literary tourism can be considered an an considered be can tourism literary different, despite being Therefore, of tourism type another with characteristics shares Film-induced also tourism movie or tourism) tourism screen as Film-induced known (also tourism of Game case the in like diffusion popular ameaningful aproduct gain When reali new people pursuing are that established point we have already this At LITERARY TOURISM VS FILM-INDUCED TOURISM (HOFFMAN, 2015: 61) (HOFFMAN, TOURISM FILM-INDUCED VS TOURISM LITERARY with authors and their literary works literary their and authors with associated activities and events Places, books guide writing, travel novels, bographies/autobiographies, Novels, plays, poems, e-books, graphic the early 16 early the since form present its in occirring nitely defi- Era Classical the since forms Early , the number of visits to their filming filming number to, the of their visits Rings of the Lord The Literary Tourism Literary th century Grand Tour Grand century Bounty (1935) Bounty ciated with films and celebrities and films with ciated asso- people and activities events, Places, Blu-Ray, Internet VHS/DVD/ IMAX. television. Cinema, with movies such as The Mutiny The as such movies with 1930s early the since occurring nitely 1896 defi- from productions film First Film-induced Tourism Film-induced on the the Cont. Cont. -

REVISTA LATENTE, 16; 2018, PP. 9-36 11 REVISTA LATENTE, 16; 2018, PP. 9-36 12 but we cannot deny the importance that TV series have been gaining throughout throughout gaining have been series TV that denybut importance the we cannot story. to the have to life breathe ones that the are –they of reader the imagination on and the more factors depends literature on it obvious psychological that less, is Neverthe to need escape. the indeed of is tourism types two these link that aspects attractions Purpose-built tourism niche with associated Places/people Type oftourism Macro-riche Consideration Aspects Under Under Aspects Most papers refer only to cinema when talking about film-induced tourism, tourism, about film-induced refer when onlyMost to papers cinema talking one pointed of that out, the table above we the indicates have already As LITERARY TOURISM VS FILM-INDUCED TOURISM (HOFFMAN, 2015: 61) (HOFFMAN, TOURISM FILM-INDUCED VS TOURISM LITERARY

Joanne Connell / Tourism Management 33 (2012) /Tourism 1007-1029. Management Connell Joanne Theme parks Theme rative plaques and statues commemo- monuments, museums sites, heritage authors, to ofinspiration capes lands- literary writers ot graves books, ofl orcharacters ofwriters houses books, in mentioned/depicted Places stories imagined vs. Tourism Cultural and Heritage works literay and ofauthors world real of fusion blurred: are reality and fiction between -boundaries Postmodern Tourism Cultural and Heritage Literary Tourism Literary film attractionsfilm constructed orworkshops, centers tion produc- film parks, theme studios, Film locations stand-in (fandom), films in red featu- orcharacters celebrities sets, film sites, heritage scenery, locations, Film film in portrayed setting and story fictional vs. filming of place actual blurred: are reality and fiction between -boundaries Postmodern Film-induced Tourism Film-induced - the city tried to increase the tourism trade) (Dean, 2015); trade) tourism (Dean, the to increase tried city the It Through Runs ARiver Goonies The about information To we have found astonishing attraction. examples, afew name of tourist terms in relevant production one hosted the was of movie at least has that The3.1. United States destination”(Cooper, their when afactor deciding are movies 2015). said country, up to shot and 10% that in also of tourists the afilm saw they because primarily adestination chose “40 tourists that reported gence international million collected. have been reliable data that speaking, roughly of decades it only recently, is case, couple any In over tourism. last helped the to develop this conception new the of just and holidays tours package the communication, better 2015: (Hoffman, ers 81-83). the improved, with along was travel air that fact The blockbust especially motivated by films, to places traveling people started that age, from 1932 itsome was that authors indicate to 1946, golden Hollywood’s during Nonetheless, taken. consequently, been had and, destination no reliable surveys to visit agiven enticer for tourists an nobody considered as movies had recent times, phenomenon about information this until simply insufficient is there since because, one ayear.” billion almost sold number of the to rose cinema-tickets Britain electricity,by in and paper while itable industry, 1930s followed in industry, and fastest-growing the it France was World First the tenth most prof the War. was U.S., depression-struck the In film before industry export fourth-largest the was industry film were the sold. Italy In Industry now. time but, for some ongoing much in quite been contrary, countries to it the some has phenomenonshows have become asocial (Wojcik, right its own in 2012: 1). –TV platforms streaming by the offered service customized the and risks, to take able are blockbusters), cinema they since actors, of freedom and writers the usual from the (far its originality characters, bond therefore the the and with storytelling to owes its long better. even This are latter the that believing journalists experienced and audience it regular shows, not and is uncommon to find TV with cinema ing compar asituation where in people constantly to ourselves 2000), are now we find (from 1940 of TV golden ages two to 1955 first the After from 1990 and years. the After doing some research, we have found that each State of the country State of country the each we have found doing that some research, After on present the Focusing situation, 2012 in Tourism the Competitive Intelli tourism, of film-induced history the analyze and to establish It difficult is Film International of the History Economic The in explains Bakker Gerben As a novelty to some as people of appear may tourism kind this that It true is (2008: 1): 1910s the “from of cinema-tickets billions year each onwards, (whose house had to be closed after receiving 1500 since receiving (whose visitors daily after to closed be house had 3. BACKGROUND 3. - - - -

REVISTA LATENTE, 16; 2018, PP. 9-36 13 REVISTA LATENTE, 16; 2018, PP. 9-36 14 ( to thanks but also Potter Harry (not of 90,000 only because number to of the more visits than increased Abbey Locock and Hogwarts, as up used 120% being grew since visits Castle Alnwick of one 50% year, in single increase recorded an Gloucester Cathedral huge success. Potter 2009). (Bresh, Village to Stamford visits additional 2000 as well Park, as Basildon in release visitors after extra of 10 000 increase an (2005), adaptation, caused & Prejudice Jane Austen well-known Pride the cinematográfico up to nearly 130 000 visitors when it was featured in the film in 2006 in film the in visitors when featured it was up 130 000 to nearly Vinci Code £15 Da fromproviding The Chapel revenue, tourist Rosslyn additional in million To Braveheart but afew, film the highlight ( tourists” from international up to £1.6 year attract every million can locations ular £100 between million-£140UK economy to the 2014, in million most pop the and Ireland. with along productions, maybe film and develop TV that about places &Ireland Kingdom The United 3.2. people who were not beginning. the interested in or capture even long visitors the new run in attract can “trip section, which ideas” 115-133). of on tourism the kind this regarding something add they not, If at least (Croy promotionaltive destination to the tool &Walker, to induce tourists 2003: effec avery is locations film to their films particular link –websites that activities series film/TV promote of that them many directly are there NY), (California, industry the within places known best from the apart of USA: the 50 states the Mohicans the of (75% 1975 in increase or of film), Last the visit now 20% Wyoming, in because revenue a year, gross $2 totourists 3million), C (25% 4years), previous to 7% the compared in Deliverance increase Dances with Wolves Manhattan; in or group to the favorite have lunch in restaurant now a photo Parker) people as Jessica Carrie’s toexample in take travel (Sarah house percent 1993 60 by in another grew 2012); another (Devlin, is City The and Sex out, then 1992, and movie in the came percent a60 increase year the experienced industry the on ahuge fishing: impact had and years 20 after relevant (which still is Stately Attraction Film Tourist Research . Many different places throughout the entire UK have benefited from the from the have benefited entire UK the throughout places different . Many Harry phenomenon Harry biggest forget the UK, we cannot the in course Of film Bresh, the of VisitBritain, Laurence manager director to the According So, in this case, there are also a great number of examples in recent history. in number of agreat examples also are there case, this So, in According to the Olsberg•SPI to the brought consultancy, “screen to the tourists According when to thinking comes mind that probably is second country UK the The sites tourism of official into we the visited account examples these Taking received 9500 visitors after the release of the book and the number went the of book and the release the visitors 9500 received after (25% increase year after release) ( (25% after year increase ..., 2013)...., ..., 2007). ..., , 2015). , Pride and Prejudice and Pride and Girl Boleyn Other The (1995) Scotland, in tourism boosted Turismo cinematográfico of the Encounters lose (20,000 film Third Kind Third ..., 2013)....,

( Turismo ) - -

chise in the country and the second in the whole world, as we can see in the image image the in see whole the second in the world, we and can as country the in chise fran it most successful the is that agree up. we can it general, In growing and keeps Wollaton Hall Bay West Puzzlewood Lyme Mark Lyme Castle Alnwick Castle Howard Castle Bampton Holkham TOTAL ANNUAL VALUE OF DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL TOURISTS (£MILLION) (£MILLION) TOURISTS INTERNATIONAL AND OF DOMESTIC VALUE ANNUAL TOTAL Location IN SEVERAL LOCATIONS THROUGH THE UK ( UK THE THROUGH LOCATIONS SEVERAL IN Warner Bros Studios Harry Potter £83.4Warner 2013 tour had in Harry Bros million Studios revenue, The Dark Knight Rises (2012) Rises Knight Dark The (2013-present)Broadchurch (2008-2012) (1963-present), Merlin Who Doctor (2013-present), (2013) Demons Slayer Vinci’s Da Giant the Jack Casanova (2005), The (2005), Casanova series) (199s television Prejudice and Pride (2011) Awakening The ofSecrets Chamber the and Potter (2001), Stone Philosopher’s Harry the and Potter Harry (2013) Pemberley to Comes Death (1981 series), television Revisited Brideshead film) (2008 Revisited Brideshead (2010-present) Abbey Downton Shakespeare in Love (1998), The Duchess (2008) (1998), Love in Duchess The Shakespeare The Most Successful Movie Franchises (McCarty, 2015). (McCarty, Franchises Movie Successful Most The Film / TV Drama /TV Film Village (2013-2014) Village (2002) , 2015) , RESEARCH TOURIST FILM tional tourists -£million tourists tional of domestic and interna- and domestic of Total Annual Value 4.3 2.7 0.4 0.9 0.9 0.1 0.1 1

-

REVISTA LATENTE, 16; 2018, PP. 9-36 15 REVISTA LATENTE, 16; 2018, PP. 9-36 16 of of of visitors) agrowth 2015), (Lennon, witnessed also Castle or 2015 the adaptation Blackness and 12-month Douneprevious Castle as such other locations and period, 2015 in experienced (Preston Mill to the numbers compared in a26% increase now receives 1,500Castle visitors (Haughney, day per 2013), Outlander as well as (Warren, 2015).customs Abbey Downton in increase an have reported West around Bridgport nearby Bay and businesses Broadchurch since series: TV in featured from being 2014). (Sylt, Potter 16% by Harry that drawn of was tourism Travel showed Insurance by Halifax asurvey 2005 in Only page. on previous the Levant Mine...,Levant 2017) in the USA), the in Borgen Forbrydelsen series TV of Danish huge success to the thanks part in is This recent years. in soared has spent visitors Denmark number in of by nights UK “the that states from VisitDenmark Gustavssen countries. to more the and tourists 2011). (Sparre option &Lind, 25,000 people instead this chose that estimates museum –the locations several featured that amap offered Centre 2010. Touristin took the tourown, on since the their that tourists There were also Tour,” hosted a “Millennium has Museum City by booked 10,000 was tourists which Millennium the productions like of show importance the that some itself, are figures in there of afilm impact the of that. example agreat be can this and related be can tourism screen and literature subsequent above, their both productions. we screen stated But, by as watching them of aware grew ones that the and by reading places got the to know that tourists between separation no is clear there so first, books in were featured to going name are anumber itineraries. ofacross and tours people, we came since attract of can how and offer they can of they what aware well are to websites prove tourism they of countries the that on official information the methodology, previous for the Following we searched Scandinavia. in filmed) also (and written noir” now phenomenon fiction crime the comprises that genre –the of “Nordic due the rise to the countries to of Scandinavian people traveling increase an been has there However, years, or few Ireland. of UK last the the in first aware &Denmark Sweden 3.3. Kingdom Copenhagen Kingdom ( number 8out of Copenhagen 73 in ranked Outdoor Activities Poldark We have also found more recent examples of locations that have benefited We have benefited found of more that locations recent have examples also Focusing on TV series, there are also several cases that are drawing more drawing are that cases several also are there series, on TV Focusing to measure it difficult and is lots of tourists draws Stockholm Although we that most of locations the into that account we should take case this In tend to be productions we Europe, usually in about TV thinking When Curiously enough, the tour around locations of these last three TV series is is series TV three last of locations these tour around enough, the Curiously (50% increase in visitors to the National Trust’s visitors National in to (50% the increase mine) ( Levant and , 2017). , . Bron/Broen saga: since the premiere of the films the Stockholm Stockholm the premiere the since of films the saga: ( The Bridge The could be another example, for Highclere Highclere for example, another be could in the USA)” (Beard, 2014). USA)” the in (Beard, premiered 2013, in of 80% TripAdvisor United ( The Killing Poldark´s Poldark´s

name of show, the name (estimated) of £150 atotal 2016). (Jane, million £13.75m, screen, by funding on small Winterfell representing the in have received, 2016). (Girvin, on that” we to need why Ireland, capitalize and is Northern That Titanic know but is, they where Ireland Northern who do “there not people China said, are know in 2016). Williams (Jane, Richard As beyond Wall” The for entire show been the “the Wall it The year, and Lands has as to travel. reason main their was of Thrones Game said tourists 2012Since Split –10 and number rise of Dubrovnik the have seen tourist million Dubrovnik. in of set them all Meereen, and practically Braavos as well as Landing, 2015).25% Kings (Domínguez, Kingdoms, of Seven the capital famous the is Croatia Just 2015 in up Cordoba Seville. to city and latter the in especially increased tourism number to of the Andalusia, in visits agrowth 6but already is there season in seen locations. its filming of people on to all millions its own attract can of Thrones reliable proof Game more that are than those deny that we cannot mind, ( clear” is of series the success and ity popular followers, the over Twitter 4.7 million Instagram 2.9 followers and million Facebook followers, bywatched over million 20 18.4 With almost viewers. million Thrones 3.4. 3.4. Malta. That is the reason why we separated the show rest. the from the why we separated reason the is That Malta. or even Spain, Morocco, Iceland, Croatia, Ireland, Northern including countries, show, one different shot is many in ordinary this to an Contrary section. its own Game of Thrones Thrones of Game Economic Impact Economic Pilot / Series 1 /Series Pilot G ECONOMIC IMPACT IN NORTHERN IRELAND (GIRVIN, 2016) (GIRVIN, IRELAND NORTHERN IN IMPACT ECONOMIC THRONES OF GAME Series 2 Series 3 Series 6 Series 5 Series 4 ame is currently one of the most globally popular TV programmes in the world, the in programmes TV popular one currently of most is globally the Iceland, on the other hand, has expanded up to 30% the visits in the last last the in up visits to the 30% expanded has on other hand, the Iceland, of to Dorne. chosen represent only been It Kingdom was the has Spain As the official web page of tourism in Northern Ireland states, “ states, Ireland Northern of in tourism web page official the As –it needed of above any the categories in of Thrones Game put not We could

of T hrones Northern Ireland Screen Ireland Northern Total: £13.75m Funding from from Funding £2.85m £3.2m £3.2m £1.6m £1.6m £1.3m Tourism Northernireland Game of Thrones Game know they and (Source: Northern Ireland Screen) Ireland Northern (Source: into the Northern Ireland economy Ireland Northern the into Expenditure on goods and services services and on goods Expenditure £26.3m (Estimated) £l46m (Estimated) £31m (Estimated) , 2017). in With this £23.2m £22.5m £21.2m £21.8m Game of Game - ,

REVISTA LATENTE, 16; 2018, PP. 9-36 17 REVISTA LATENTE, 16; 2018, PP. 9-36 18 Tourist Arrivals in Croatia, Iceland and Andalusia (Jane, 2016). (Jane, Andalusia and Iceland Croatia, in Tourist Arrivals 3.5. 3.5. Gregg Anderson, said: Anderson, Gregg your vacation. whereplace you take to It visit. place not is longer just the attracting and amore interesting becoming from UK, although the most important tourism, as expected, comes from Australia. comes expected, as tourism, most important the although from UK, first aHobbit consumed they experience. related of visitors confirmed to interest enjoy is to people of ahobbit whose initial 30% atotal and experience, From of visits. $11.8billion their total in the increase 18% spent by tourists, belong an of have experienced them all and most Earth, iconicthe Middle cinematographic have helped to develop that scenarios are these of Mount Victoriaor hills even –all The Lord of the Rings New Zealand New Rings ofthe Lord The Dallas ofDreams Field Louise and Thelma Kind Third Kansas Hayes. Fort ofthe Encounters Close Wolves with Dances Deliverance Heartbeat Braveheart Braveheart Film or TV Series TV or Film T has seen a 10% increase every year (from 1998 year a10% seen every has to increase 2003) film, Rings of the Lord he The manager of Western Long haul markets for Tourism of Western markets haul Zealand, Long manager New The world, to the image Zealand’s New have undoubtedly changed trilogies Both In the table below, we can see how New Zealand, after the release of the release the after table below, the In how see Zealand, New we can Hobbiton, famous the find where place Queenstown you the can Matamata, 2012). (Pinchefsky, Zealand New in filmed being is and filmed been Hobbit has The and Rings of the The that understands audience target of of our 80% upwards that is thing important really But the came. they one major reasons of mine] [emphasis the as Rings of the Lord cited percent Six ayear. US$27 million] [currently million It’s came. 1%, only they reason but NZD$33 the that’s worth was Rings of the Lord (2001, Peter Ring of the Jackson). 1% About that fellowship The said of visitors Rings: of the Lord since Zealand New in arrivals in We increase a50% seen have L ord

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FILM TOURISM IMPACTS (HUDSON & RITCHIE, 2006) &RITCHIE, (HUDSON IMPACTS TOURISM FILM t he Southtork Ranch. Dallas 500 000 visitors per year per visitors 500 000 Dallas Ranch. Southtork Iowa Utah Moab. in Monument National Arches Tower, Wyoming Devils Georgia County. Rayburn England release after year visitors in increase 300% Yorkshire. North Goathland. Scotland Monument, Wallace R in g s & Location T he H obbi t 10% increase every year 1998 to 2003 from UK from 1998 2003 to year every 10% increase year every 1991 increase in Steady 35 000 visits 19.1% 1991 in increase film of the because now 1975 in visit 20% 75% increase 4 years previous for 7% with compared 25% increase 3m to $2 revenues Gross ayear tourists film 20 000 1991 in visitors normal of number the times Three Impact on Visitor Numbers or Tourist Reve Tourist or Numbers Visitor on Impact nue

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REVISTA LATENTE, 16; 2018, PP. 9-36 19 REVISTA LATENTE, 16; 2018, PP. 9-36 20 that actors and landscapes can play the exact same role same when promoting a destination play exact the can landscapes and actors that Independent, products (The 2011), their with ciate them realizing governments are Brunt and Lund (2003): Riley, Baker, and van Doren (1998). Doren van and Baker, Riley, (2003): Lund and Brunt Sources Mandolin Georgia Savannah, Corelli’s Captain Troy Gump Forrest visitors in 150% increase Vice Miami UK Cheshire, in Park Lyme Cheers Prejudice and Pride Sensibility and Sense Ryan Private Saving Hill Notting Brown Mrs. Funeral a and Weddings Four Middlemarch Born To Manor the Small and Great Creatures All 2000 in increase 200% The Beach Dundee Crocodile Sydney in parks Mist National the In Gorillas 2 Impossible Mission: Potter Harry Durham Bull Women Little The Fugitive Mohicans ofthe Last Steel Magnolias : Riley and van Doren (1992); Tooke and Baker (1996);Grihault (2003): Croy and Walker (2003): Cousins and Anderek (1993); Busby, Anderek and Cousins (2003): Walker and Croy (2003): (1996);Grihault Baker (1992); Tooke and Doren van and : Riley The same as many important brands use smells or colors smells for use people brands to asso important many as same The

4. CINEMA AS A MARKETING TOOL AMARKETING AS 4. CINEMA Cephalonia. Greece Cephalonia. Turkey Canakkale, Miami Location in Boston 1month in 10% increase House,Saltram England Normandy. France England House, Kenwood UK ofWight, Isle House. Osborne England Amersham. Hotel. Crown The 1994 in increase 27% England Lincolnshire, Stamford, England Park. Leisure Thomas, St Cricket Dales Yorkshire Thailand Australia ormore of50% increase an saw locations All Rwanda release after year attendance in 25% increase UK in locations Various Carolina North Durham. release after year 11% increase Massachusetts Concord. House. Orchard Carolina North Dillsboro. Carolina North Park, Rock Chimney Louisiana 50% increase over 3years over increase 50% tourism in 73% increase tourism in increase 7% 1988 1985 to visitors German in 150% increase year each advertising promotional $7m unpaid in increase 39% tourists American in increase 40% increase 25% 3years least at for booked Fully 1978 1980 to between 37% increase Dales £5m Yorkshire for Generated 2000 in market youth in increase 22% 1981 visitors 1988 to U.S. in 20.5% increase 1998 in increase 20% release after year 65% increase release after year 25% increase release after year increase 48% - ment Organizations) and the film industry: industry: film the and ment Organizations) Manage DMOs (Destination between campaigns collaborative the being effective now one are joined of most by the other strategies, walks and tours film guided more The aplace. traditional in arrivals applied tourist to being boost are that ism James Bond Island. of name by the known also currently Thailand, in Kan Phing of Khao island the of memories the of case aperson. the Such is affecting places the value with viding pro after become relevant can but a consequence they of so even that, as general were or not people they by visited amovie and tourists in shooting before hosting were not they important by themselves: no meaning carried that locations to find &Van Doren, (Riley 1992: settings” for 269). perfect penchant picture It usual is cinematic the and actors, famous with association effects, technological special before. we have explained as number of the tourists, in increase to an lead could that and were where filmed, or cities they relate to movies –people countries the could Mandolin Penelope and Captain in Nicholas Corelli’s Cage Cruz between affair of alleged the location the as (Greece) advertised Cephalonia In was alodge of film. the release Weddings and a Funeral Four in promoted used Grant Hugh room (England) the that Hotel at Amersham Crown The well: as 7). for 2009: this, some There are examples akunphaiboon, to generate tourism” magnet (Rewtr apowerful be can film the in featured places amore in a restaurant... subtle way. “Promotion dining and of hotels, guesthouses people ideato it, end promote up could fed it abetter with is surely acity, ahotel, many and aggressive as seen be can method marketing this overused—since ing 2015). (Yoshida, 2014 of most product the films placement had to Verge, the The in according firm the Men Mad in Carousel Kodak City, the and butto name afew, Future Pepsi the to Back Nike in and or television other media.” film, in appearances through usually technique, advertising anon-traditional through to subtly promote by companies products used technique their “an advertising as product placement defines Dictionary –Business a scene? in product featured tional atradi as of were aplace treated attributes the if what idea: following the centuate That said, there are several accepted methods related to film-induced tour to related film-induced methods accepted several are there said, That audiences’ memories in by enhanced are experiences and “Destinations Nevertheless, effective as it is, some experts agree that it may well be be it be well may that agree it some is, as experts effective Nevertheless, media: entertainment in strategy of this examples to find It not is difficult ac topic, authors that are there this regarding some articles reading After 6). 2009: (Rewtrakunphaiboon, immense is impact economic the that shows it clearly since countries their in films to make producers to entice Various trying DMOs are of afilm. signs the see they as soon as act can organizations the so releases film and productions to track missions com for film provide incentives and relationships to forge beginning DMOs are (Hudson & Ritchie, 2006b: 256-258). 2006b: (Hudson &Ritchie, , and it was fully booked for at least three years after the the after years three for booked at least fully it, and was ..., Apple products: without forgetting Sex Sex in , Manolo Blahnik ------

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REVISTA LATENTE, 16; 2018, PP. 9-36 31 REVISTA LATENTE, 16; 2018, PP. 9-36 32 Perdue Morgan Juškelytė Iwashita Hudson Florek Grihault Connell Hudson Hoffmann Croy Bakker Akbulut journals) and (books Bibliography , W.G. &Walker , M. Insch, M. , R.R. &Crouch , R.R. Encyclopedia EH.Net Industry. Film International of the History Economic The (2008): , G. , S. & Ritchie , S. , S. &Ritchie , S. , N.&Pritchard , O., Ekin of tourism, hospitality and leisure. Wallingford: CABI. Wallingford: leisure. and hospitality of tourism, Identities. Chichester: John Wiley &Sons. Wiley John Chichester: Identities. formation and development studies, 2(19),formation and studies, development of Japanese Tourists to the UK, Journal of Travel UK, the to Tourists & Tourismof Japanese Marketing, 24(2-3) Captain Corelli’s Mandolin. Journal of Vacation Mandolin. Marketing Corelli’s Captain February 20, 2017) 20, February tourism_an_empirical_identification_of_supporting_marketing_initiatives http://www.academia.edu/3432925/Promoting_destinations_via_film_ from: Retrieved communication. tification of supporting marketing initiatives. Journal of Travel initiatives. Research marketing of supporting tification article/pii/S0261517712 000404 1007-1029. http://www.sciencedirect.com.accedys2.bbtk.ull.es/science/ from: Retrieved handle/2263/50623 http://repository.up.ac.za/ from Retrieved Pretoria. of Pretoria, University dissertation). (pp. 115-133). Ashgate. Aldershot: (eds.), Mitchell & M. Roberts L. D. In velopment. Hall, ry-of-the-international-film-industry/ University of Arizona. Retrieved from: from: Retrieved of Arizona. University , C. (2008): Roles of Films and Television Dramas in International Tourism: The Case Case Tourism: The International in Television Dramas and of Films Roles (2008): , C. &lm=ALL&ps=300 rbMMG6F1oxGCNKrX8GMpcZZVc4Yp7bup1HOI848ONdY%3D&te=1083500324 key+--+Social+conditions.&rw=2&ic=true&ri=e1e6fee5-65b2-4f35-88a7-0aaca2f1ad1a. sessionid=CE59235A9EA9F52DDA2B682D472875CF?qu=Cities+and+towns+--+Tur en_US/default/search/federateddetailnonmodal/$N/EDS/a9h$007c$007c115706660;j ference Con Academic Multidisciplinary Mugla-Turkey. the of of Bozuyuk, Proceedings study case Film tourism–Evolution, progress and prospects, 33(5), prospects, and progress tourism–Evolution, , J. (2012): Film Tourism Management. , D. (2016): Film induced tourism: destination image formation and development. Regional development. and formation image destination , D. tourism: (2016): induced Film , N. (2003): Film Tourism: The Global Picture. Travel Picture. & Tourism Global Tourism:, N.(2003): The Film Analyst, (Masters (Masters sustainability and success tourism: (2015):, Nicole B. film-induced On-location .1-8. Basken University Library. Retrieved from: http://katalog.baskent.edu.tr/client/ from: Retrieved Library. University .1-8. Basken , A. &Gnoth , A. , Y. &Celik , J.R.B. (2006a): Promoting destination via film tourism: An empirical iden empirical An tourism: film via destination Promoting (2006a): , J.R.B. , R.D. (2003): Rural tourism and film: Issues for strategic regional de regional strategic for Issues film: and tourism (2003):, R.D. Rural , J.R.B. (2006b): Film tourism and destination marketing: The case of case The marketing: destination and tourism Film (2006b): , J.R.B. , G.I. (ed.), Trimmermans, H.J.P., Uysal, M. (2004): Consumer psychology psychology Consumer H.J.P., (2004): (ed.), M. , G.I. Trimmermans, Uysal, Place Branding, 2(4), , A. (1998): Tourism promotion and power: Creating images, creating creating images, (1998):, A. Creating power: Tourism and promotion (Accessed: February 25, 2017). February (Accessed: (Accessed: March 27, March 2017) (Accessed: , J. (2006): City council websites as means of place brand identity identity brand of place means as websites council City , J. (2006):

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REVISTA LATENTE, 16; 2018, PP. 9-36 33 REVISTA LATENTE, 16; 2018, PP. 9-36 34 (August 15, (August products 2011): their sell to scents use companies How of commerce: The smell Sanz Girvin Haughney Poldark’s Levant Mine parking fees defended by National Trust (February 16, 2017): Trust BBC (February National by defended fees parking Mine Levant Poldark’s García Aller, M. (November 5, 2015): El jefe de Netflix: “Las series no son un fenómeno temporal”. temporal”. fenómeno un no son series “Las 5, 2015): (November M. Netflix: de jefe El Aller, García El Clúster celebra el nuevo impulso a los rodajes en las Islas (May 25, (May 2017): Canarias7 Islas las en rodajes alos impulso nuevo el celebra Clúster El Devlin Jiménez Lennon Dean 27, (September turística oferta su enriquecer para estrellas las por apuesta Canarias Davies 2016 de a13 extranjeros de turistas récord cifra su eleva Canarias Diario de de Diario Palma. La en ‘trail’ del mundial élite ala convoca , D. 9, (May 2017): Transvulcania , J. (August 19, 2015): Goonies ‘truffle-shuffle’ house closed after owner gets fed upof 1,500 fed gets owner after closed house 19, 2015):, J. (August ‘truffle-shuffle’ Goonies , L. (December 16, 2011): The Killing helps boost UK travel to Denmark. The Guardian Denmark. to travel UK 16, boost helps 2011): (December , L. Killing The , S. (July 11, 2016): Game of Thrones brings estimated £150m to Northern Ireland. BBC £150m Ireland. Northern to estimated 11, brings (July , S. 2016): of Thrones Game , V. (August 18, 2012): 20 years after the film “A River Runs Through It,” a river of tourism It,” of tourism ariver Through “A Runs River film the 18,, V. after 2012): years (August 20 , D. (November 22, 2014): El ‘boom’ del cine en Canarias, ¿un espejismo? El Diario espejismo? ¿un Canarias, 2014): en cine 22, del , D. ‘boom’ (November El , H. (October 30, 2015): Scots tourism feels ‘Outlander effect’ of hit TV show. The Scotsman TV of hit effect’ ‘Outlander 2015): 30, feels (October , H. tourism Scots ca-la-elite-mundial-del-trail-la-palma/ (Accessed: March 25, 2017) March (Accessed: the-smell-of-commerce-how-companies-use-scents-to-sell-their-products-2338142.html http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/advertising/ from: The Independent. Retrieved Avisos 46163f1d088b458b.html March 13, 2017).March (Accessed: http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-cornwall-38984560 from: Retrieved El Mundo a-los-rodajes-en-las-islas-JN935694 https://www.canarias7.es/cultura/cine/el-cluster-celebra-el-nuevo-impulso- from: Retrieved doors/index.ssf/2012/08/20_years_after_the_film_a_rive.html The Oregonian Montana. through runs register.html from: 2017). 2, June http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-36749938 from: Retrieved lander-effect-of-hit-tv-show-1-3933138 http://www.scotsman.com/heritage/people-places/scots-tourism-feels-out from: Retrieved pejismo_0_325817779.html style/property/goonies-truffle-shuffle-house-closed-6282104 day. Daily Record. every visiting fans from: from: rias-apuesta-por-estrellas-para-enriquecer-su-oferta-turistica/ 2015): denmark https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2011/dec/16/the-killing-uk-travel- from: Retrieved ros-de-2016-a-13297883.html ca/20170131/413868131096/canarias-eleva-su-cifra-record-de-turistas-extranje 31, 2017): The New York Times New The Register. aCash Becomes 2013): 24, (May , C. ACastle . Retrieved from: http://diariodeavisos.elespanol.com/2017/05/transvulcania-convo from: . Retrieved http://www.eldiario.es/canariasahora/premium_en_abierto/boom-cine-Canarias-es http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/26/fashion/trying-to-turn-a-castle-into-a-cash- Retrieved from http://www.diariodeavisos.com/2015/09/cana- from Retrieved Avisos. de Diario (Accessed: March 16, 2017). March (Accessed: . Retrieved from: http://www.elmundo.es/papel/lideres/2015/11/05/563b342e from: . Retrieved - - http://www.lavanguardia.com/politi from: Retrieved Vanguardia. La (Accessed: March 13, 2017). March (Accessed: (Accessed: February 28, 2017). 28, February (Accessed: (Accessed: April 28, 2017). 28, April (Accessed: (Accessed: May (Accessed: 26, 2017). (Accessed: May 27, May 2017). (Accessed: Retrieved from http://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/life from Retrieved (Accessed: May 20, 2017). 20, May (Accessed: (Accessed: March 13, 2017). March (Accessed: . Retrieved from http://www.oregonlive.com/out from . Retrieved (Accessed: March 5, 2017). March (Accessed: (Accessed: May 20, 2017). 20, May (Accessed: (Accessed: March 5, 2017). March (Accessed:

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Olsberg McCarthy 4, (February cinematográficos de rodajes destino como promoción su unifica Canarias Jane (2015): http://www.turismodecanarias.com/ from: Retrieved turista del perfil del Evolución Dudovskiy Domínguez Cooper Canalis Beard Webgraphy Warren Tenerife bate en 2016 Yoshida (2016): Game of Thrones Holiday Destinations. Retrieved from: http://www.windublog.es.blog from: Retrieved Destinations. Holiday (2016): of Thrones Game , H, (2014): The Borgen Effect. Retrieved from: http://www.travelmole.com from: Retrieved (2014):, H, Effect. Borgen The , J.O. (September 1, 2015): 40 Million tourists choose their destination primarily by movies bymovies primarily destination their , J.O. choose 1, (September 2015): tourists Million 40 , X. (December 4, 2013): Turismo cinematográfico: 30 casos que han impulsado destinos. destinos. impulsado que han casos 30 2013): 4, (December Turismo cinematográfico: , X. , E. (March 4, 2015): Apple had the most product placement in the films of 2014. Verge. The films the in 2015): 4, placement product most (March the , E. had Apple Retrieved Retrieved Express. Sunday towns. 2015): 12, drama TV Tourism in boom , J. (January •SPI (2007): How Film and Television Programmes Promote Tourism in the UK. Retrieved Retrieved UK. Promote Tourism the in Television Programmes and How Film •SPI (2007): pdf from: 13, 2017).March the-most-successful-movie-franchises-in-history-infographic/#2204917c5d22 ic]. co-30-casos-han-impulsado-destinos.html (Accessed: June 2, 2017). 2, June (Accessed: ias-unifica-promocion-exterior-destino-rodajes-cinematograficos http://www.gobcan.es/noticias/lanzadera/69040/canar from: Retrieved 2016): Gobcan.es. Hosteltur ción_11-15.pdf promoturturismocanarias/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Promotur_Islas-Canarias_evolu brand-placement/ Methodology el-rodaje-en-Espana-impulsa-la-economia-local Fotogramas 2017). 4, March (Accessed: million-tourists-choose-their-destination-primarily-movies-or-tv-programs-they’ve-seen http://www.afci.org/news/40- from: Retrieved Afci.org seen. they’ve programs or TV March 16, 2017)March bate-2016-record-rodajes-acogidos-solo-ano/ deTenerife. Cabildo deTenerife TV-dramas-set from: tinction-product-placement https://www.theverge.com/2015/3/4/8147063/apple-transformers-age-of-ex from Retrieved , J. (June 20, 2012): Product Placement as an Effective Marketing Strategy. Research Strategy. Marketing Effective an 2012): as 20, Placement , J. Product (June , N. (April 13, 2015): The Most Successful Movie Franchises In History [Infograph History In Franchises Movie 13, 2015):, N.(April Successful Most The , J. (August 17, , J. (August local. 2015): economía la impulsa Tronos’: de ‘Juego España en rodaje El (Accessed: March 13, 2017). March (Accessed: Forbes. http://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/551448/Tourism-booms-towns-where-popular- http://www.bfi.org.uk/sites/bfi.org.uk/files/downloads/stately-attraction-2007-08. . Retrieved from: from: . Retrieved . Retrieved from http://www.fotogramas.es/series-television/Juego-de-Tronos- from . Retrieved Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2015/04/13/ from Retrieved . Retrieved from: http://research-methodology.net/product-placement-and- from: . Retrieved el record de rodajes acogidos en un solo año (March 6, 2017): 6, Diario (March año solo un en acogidos de rodajes record el (Accessed: May 20, 2017). 20, May (Accessed: (Accessed: March 13, 2017). March (Accessed: (Accessed: March 25, 2017). March (Accessed: (Accessed: March 25, 2017). March (Accessed: https://www.hosteltur.com/125790_turismo-cinematografi . Retrieved from: http://www.diariodetenerife.info/tenerife- from: Retrieved . (Accessed: March 5, 2017) March (Accessed: (Accessed: April 5, 2017). April (Accessed: (Accessed: June 2, 2017). 2, June (Accessed: (Accessed: May 26, 2017) 26, May (Accessed: (Accessed: (Accessed: (Accessed: (Accessed: - - - - -

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