Archaeology Report Number CB570R v.1.0

Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Grid reference TG 3688 0886 District Council planning reference 20150754 County Council Environment Service reference CNF45639

Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work – Phase 1 Evaluation by Trial Trenching 12 to 14 February 2019

Norfolk Historic Environment Record event number ENF145785

OASIS ID: chrisbir1-342785

Prepared for Brineflow Properties & Handling Ltd South Denes Road Norfolk NR30 3QD

© Chris Birks February 2019 All rights reserved

OASIS - Online Access to the Index of Archaeological Investigations Project Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work – Phase 1 Evaluation by Trial Trenching at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’ Grid reference TG 3688 0886 (centred at) Planning reference Broadland District Council planning reference 20150754 NCC ES reference CNF45639 NHER event ENF145785 OASIS ID chrisbir1-342785 NMS accession Awaited Fieldwork dates 12 to 14 February 2019 Title Report on a Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work – Phase 1 Evaluation by Trial Trenching at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’ Author(s) Chris Birks, [email protected], 01603-737804/07963-969623 Derivation Initial draft CB570 v.1.0 Origination Date 16 February 2019 Sequence Report CB570R v.1.0 Lingwood

Version 1.0 Status Draft copy Reviser(s) n/a Date of revision n/a Summary of n/a Changes Sections revised n/a Circulation NCC ES, Client ( as proof of production, not to be issued elsewhere) Required Action Please respond to author with comments/approval File Name/Location C:\Users\Chris\Desktop\Chris Business\Year 15 Apr2018 to Apr2019\Waiting for ES/Lingwood\Report CB570R v.1.0 Lingwood.docx Approval Required Comments Draft report submitted to NCC ES for consideration and copy provided to Client as proof of production, not to be issued elsewhere.

NCC ES – Norfolk County Council Environment Service NHER – Norfolk Historic Environment Record NMS – Norfolk Museums Service OASIS - Online Access to the Index of Archaeological Investigations Disclaimer This document has been prepared for the titled project or named part thereof and should not be relied upon or used for any other project without an independent check being carried out as to its suitability and prior written authority of Chris Birks being obtained. Chris Birks accepts no responsibility or liability for the consequences of this document being used for a purpose other than the purposes for which it was commissioned. Any person/party using or relying on the document for such other purposes agrees and will by such use or reliance be taken to confirm their agreement to indemnify Chris Birks for all loss or damage resulting therefrom. Chris Birks accepts no responsibility or liability for this document to any party other than the person/party by whom it was commissioned.

Chris Birks 4 Well Green Row Frettenham Norfolk NR12 7GL t: 01603 737804 m: 07963 969623 e: [email protected] w: www.chrisbirksarchaeology.co.uk Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’ Prepared for Brineflow Properties and Handling Ltd Report number CB570R v.1.0

Contents Section Page Summary 1 1.0 Introduction 1, 2 2.0 Project Background 2 3.0 Archaeological and Historical Background 2, 3 4.0 Geology and Topography 3 5.0 Trial Trenching Results 3 - 7 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Trench 1 5.3 Trench 2 5.4 Trench 3 6.0 The Finds 7 7.0 Conclusions and Discussion 7, 8

Acknowledgements Bibliography Appendix 1 Context Summary Appendix 2 OASIS Record

Figure 1 Site location plan Figure 2 Site plan Figure 3 Trench 1 drawings Figure 2 Trench 2 and 3 drawings

Plate 1. General view of Trench 1, looking south Plate 2. Feature [103], looking west Plate 3. Features [105] and [107], looking west Plate 4. General view of Trench 2, looking east Plate 5. General view of Trench 3, looking northwest Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’ Prepared for Brineflow Properties and Handling Ltd Report number CB570R v.1.0

Summary An Evaluation by Trial Trenching was carried out at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’ (Norfolk Historic Environment Record ENF145785) prior to proposed residential and commercial development and to aid decisions regarding further mitigation. The undated possible remains of a ring ditch and a linear feature of possible late-medieval/Post-medieval date that correspond to anomalies recorded during a previous geophysical survey were recorded. 1.0 Introduction 1.1 An Archaeological Evaluation by Trial Trenching as part of a Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’ (grid reference TG 3688 0886, centred at, Fig. 1) has been requested by the Norfolk County Council Historic Environment Service (reference CNF45639) in association with National Planning Policy Framework, The Department of Communities and Local Government (2012). A phase of evaluation by trial trenching was required to aid decisions regarding further mitigation. Figure 1 Site Location

1 Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’ Prepared for Brineflow Properties and Handling Ltd Report number CB570R v.1.0

1.1 Archaeological works fully adhered to Standards for Development-led Archaeological Projects in Norfolk (Robertson et al 2018) and all relevant national legislation, standards and guidance. Works were carried out according to Written Scheme of Investigation, CB570 v.1.1, approved by the Norfolk County Council Environment Service in accordance with Standard and guidance for commissioning work or providing consultancy advice on archaeology and the historic environment by the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (2014). 1.2 Report, CB570R v.1.0, describes the results and a copy has been submitted to the Norfolk County Council Environment Service for consideration. 2.0 Project Background 2.1 The Brief states that the proposed development site is located in an area where artefacts of prehistoric Roman and later date have previously been recorded. An archaeological geophysical survey carried out at the proposed development site identified magnetic anomalies probably relating to previously unrecorded archaeological features. A semi-circular anomaly in the central southern part of the site could potentially relate to a prehistoric ring ditch feature with a diameter of c. 25m. Consequently, there is potential for heritage assets with archaeological interest (buried archaeological remains) to be present at the site and for their significance to be affected by the proposed development. 2.2 Planning Permission has been or may be granted subject to a condition for a Programme of Archaeological Mitigation Work. Phase 1 Archaeological Evaluation by Trial Trenching is required to determine the presence/absence, date, extent, state of preservation and significance of any archaeological layers or subsoil archaeological features. This evaluation may indicate a need for a further phase of Archaeological Excavation and/or Works under Archaeological Supervision and Control (also referred to as ‘Archaeological Monitoring’ or ‘Archaeological Watching Brief’) during the development if features of importance are found and these cannot be preserved in situ. 3.0 Archaeological & Historical Background 3.1 Details relating to the archaeological and historical background of the site can be seen in an archaeological desk-based impact assessment carried out by Archaeological Solutions in 2015 (Cussans 2015). It identified that the assessment site is located within an area of moderate archaeological activity with evidence of prehistoric, Roman, Anglo-Saxon, medieval and Post- medieval activity surrounding the site. A possible late Iron Age/Roman rural occupation site has been identified to the south of the railway line; however no direct evidence for archaeological activity beyond arable cultivation has been found within or adjacent to the site. Based on the known archaeological evidence the likelihood for archaeological remains to be present at the site appears to be minimal (Cussans 2015). However, given that finds of prehistoric Roman and later date have been recorded in this area and an archaeological geophysical survey identified magnetic anomalies probably relating to previously unrecorded archaeological features (Blagg-Newsome and Bescoby 2017, ENF141673), there is potential for archaeological remains to survive including a possible prehistoric ring ditch feature. 3.2 A search of entries in the Norfolk Historic Environment Record (NHER) within a study area comprising a 1km radius of the site was received on 12 February 2019 and produced 72 records. A summary of the archaeological and historical background of the site including records within the immediate vicinity of the site is provided in this report. Further details of these and all other entries can be seen at the Historic Environment Record office by prior arrangement. 3.3 Prehistoric finds include those of unspecified prehistoric date (NHER 36647, 36613, 39847, 49869, 60804), Neolithic (NHER 18299, 20246, 20247, 40021, 49800), Bronze Age (NHER 20249, 39625, 49800) and Iron Age (NHER 18299, 20246, 20249, 29175, 29176, 39625, 40674). There is strong evidence for Late Iron Age/Roman settlement and a great many Roman (NHER 17259, 18298, 18299, 18300, 18302, 20246, 20247, 20249, 24348, 29175, 29176, 36647, 37673, 38153, 39625, 39731, 40021, 40674, 49800, 49869, 52738, 56989) finds have been recorded. Saxon settlement is also indicated through the recovery of finds (NHER 17429, 18299, 20248, 20249, 24348, 25942, 36230, 36647, 38153, 39625, 40673, 52738, 58157). Medieval settlement and activities are well 2 Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’ Prepared for Brineflow Properties and Handling Ltd Report number CB570R v.1.0

represented within the study area including two churches, St Peter’s (NHER 10285) and St Edmund’s (NHER 10287) and finds (NHER 11435, 17259, 18299, 20247, 20249, 21561, 23789, 29174, 29175, 29176, 36230, 36647, 36981, 37669, 37671, 37673, 38153, 39625, 39730, 39732, 40021, 40673, 40674, 45390, 49800, 49869, 52738, 54166, 56897, 56898, 58259, 58267, 60804). 3.4 There are a number of Post-medieval buildings within the study area (NHER 15481, 15943, 22536, 34697, 41789, 45951, 45952, 46061, 49998, 55242, 56185) and Post-medieval finds have been recovered (NHER 17259, 18299, 18301, 20247, 20249, 36647, 37456, 37669, 39625, 40021, 40673, 40674, 42565, 49800, 49869, 52738, 58157, 56897, 56898, 58267). 3.5 The Norfolk Railway Diversion close-by and to the north of the proposed development site was opened in 1883 by the Eastern Counties Railway (NHER 13572) and is still in use today. 3.6 Multi-period (NHER 49610, 49611, 49612, 49653) and undated (NHER 49610, 49613, 49655) cropmarks of field boundaries and trackways have been recorded. 3.7 Geophysical survey and excavation to the southwest of the proposed development site identified medieval enclosure and settlement and undated enclosures and field boundaries (NHER 58259). To the east of this, a geophysical survey recorded no archaeological remains (NHER 58503). To the north, geophysical surveys indicated a small quantity of potentially archaeological remains (NHER 60803, 60804). 4.0 Geology and Topography 4.1 Lingwood parish lies upon a solid geology mostly of the Norwich Crag series with Upper Chalk to the south (Funnell 2005). Norwich Brickearth deposits and glacial sands and gravels are present. The soil landscape is typical of the Rich Loam region (Williamson 2005). 4.2 The site lies on the northeast side of Lingwood village on ground gently sloping from c. 21m OD in the south to c. 23m OD at the northern boundary with the railway line. The site is currently under crop. 5.0 Trial Trenching Results 5.1 Introduction 5.1.1 Trial trenching excavations were carried out between 12 and 14 February 2019. Site conditions were average, a crop was present across the site and topsoil deposits were soft and wet. Access was gained from Lodge Road to the west of the site. The weather remained dry and sunny. 5.1.2 Context numbers were allocated during fieldwork and are summarised in Appendix 1. A benchmark of 22.28m OD on Lodge Road was used. Due to the paucity and nature of remains, it was agreed with the Norfolk County Council Environment Service that the analysis of environmental samples was not required. 5.2 Trench 1 Context Type Description Thickness Finds Depth Spot date No.

100 D Mid brown sandy silt topsoil with occasional c. 0.4m No c. 22.4m OD - small-sized subangular flints and rare medium- sized subangular flints

101 D Dark yellowish brown silty sand subsoil with c. 0.2m No c. 22m OD - occasional small-sized subangular flints and very rare medium-sized subangular flints

102 D Yellowish brown sandy silt with patches of stiff - No c. 21.9m OD - yellow clay and flint gravel undisturbed ‘natural’ deposits with frequent small-sized subangular flints, occasional medium-sized subangular flints and rare large-sized subangular flints

3 Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’ Prepared for Brineflow Properties and Handling Ltd Report number CB570R v.1.0

5.2.1 Trench 1 was excavated to a depth of c. 0.6m beneath present ground level removing topsoil (100) and subsoil (101) above undisturbed ‘natural’ deposits (102) (Plate 1). Topsoil (100) directly overlay (102) towards the north of the trench. Plate 1. General view of Trench 1, looking south

Context Type Description Thickness Finds Depth Spot date No.

103 D Dark yellowish brown clayey silt fill of [104] c. 0.16m No c. 22m OD - with very rare small-sized subangular flints

104 C Curvilinear feature - No c. 22m OD *

105 D Dark brown sandy silt fill of [106] with 0.08m No c. 21.9m OD - frequent large-sized subangular flints

106 C Linear feature - No c. 21.9m OD -

107 D Dark brown sandy silt fill of [108] with rare 0.26m CBM c. 21.9m OD - medium-sized subangular flints and very rare large-sized subangular flints

108 C Linear feature - No c. 21.9m OD -

5.2.2 Curvilinear feature [104] extended beyond the east and west edges of excavation at c. 22m OD. It measured c. 1m wide and a maximum 0.16m deep and contained fill (103) that produced no finds (Plate 2). 5.2.3 Linear features [106] and [108] lay approximately mid-trench at c. 21.9m OD and extended beyond the east and west edges of excavation (Plate 3). They appeared contemporary and merged towards the west side of the trench. Feature [106] measured c. 0.4m wide and a maximum 0.08m deep and contained fill (105) that produced no finds. Feature [108] measured c. 0.7m wide and a maximum 4 Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’ Prepared for Brineflow Properties and Handling Ltd Report number CB570R v.1.0

0.26m deep and contained fill (107) that produced a small, abraded fragment of ceramic building material of probable late medieval/Post-medieval date. Plate 2. Feature [103], looking west

Scale is 2m in 0.2m intervals

Plate 3. Features [105] and [107], looking west

Scale is 2m in 0.2m intervals 5.3 Trench 2 Context Type Description Thickness Finds Depth Spot date No.

200 D Mid brown sandy silt topsoil with occasional c. 0.35m No c. 21 - 22m OD - small-sized subangular flints and rare medium- sized subangular flints

201 D Dark yellowish brown silty sand subsoil with c. 0.2m No c. 21 - 22m OD - occasional small-sized subangular flints and very rare medium-sized subangular flints

202 D Yellowish brown sandy silt with patches of stiff - No c. 20.6 – - yellow clay and gravel undisturbed ‘natural’ 21.4m OD deposits with frequent small-sized subangular flints, occasional medium-sized subangular flints and rare large-sized subangular flints

5 Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’ Prepared for Brineflow Properties and Handling Ltd Report number CB570R v.1.0

5.3.1 Trench 2 was extended c. 3m to the west and east in order to leave an existing farm trackway undisturbed. It was excavated to a depth of c. 0.6m beneath present ground level removing topsoil (200) and subsoil (201) above undisturbed ‘natural’ deposits (202) (Plate 4). No archaeological remains were present.

Plate 4. General view of Trench 2, looking east

5.4 Trench 3 Context Type Description Thickness Finds Depth Spot date No.

300 D Mid brown sandy silt topsoil with occasional c. 0.3m No c. 20.3m OD - small-sized subangular flints and rare medium- sized subangular flints

301 D Dark yellowish brown silty sand subsoil with c. 0.25 – No c. 20m OD - occasional small-sized subangular flints and very 0.35m rare medium-sized subangular flints

302 D Light yellowish brown silty clay with rare small- - No c. 19.5m OD - sized subangular flints and mid brown silty sand flint gravel undisturbed ‘natural’ deposits

5.4.1 Trench 3 was moved c. 8m to the east from its intended location due to standing surface water and remained within an area not surveyed during the geophysical survey. It was excavated to depths of c. 0.8m (south) and c. 0.55m (north) beneath present ground level removing topsoil (300) and subsoil (301) above undisturbed ‘natural’ deposits (302) that varied from silty sand gravels at the south end of the trench to silty clay deposits beyond (Plate 5). Additional excavations at the south end of the trench confirmed ‘natural’ deposits (302) were present from c. 0.7m beneath present ground level. No archaeological remains were present. 6 Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’ Prepared for Brineflow Properties and Handling Ltd Report number CB570R v.1.0

Plate 5. General view of Trench 3, looking northwest

6.0 The Finds by Sue Anderson 6.1 A small fragment of brick (4g) was found in context (107). It is in a fine sandy fabric and the small area of surviving surface is heavily burnt and partly vitrified. As the fragment is so small, it is not possible to determine whether this was due to overfiring in the kiln, or later burning in, for example. a chimney or fireplace. The fragment is likely to be of late medieval or Post-medieval date but cannot be more closely dated. 7.0 Conclusions and Discussion 7.1 The author has a high confidence rating of the results. Site conditions were average as a crop was present across the site and topsoil deposits were soft and wet causing issues with plant movement whilst minimising damage to the crop. Trench 3 was moved towards the east due to standing surface water but remained within an area unsurveyed during the geophysical survey. 7.2 Despite the potential for archaeological remains, few were encountered, in Trench 1 alone. Linear features in Trench 1 corresponded very well with features identified during the geophysical survey in location, size and shape. Feature [103] corresponded with anomaly 1 identified during the geophysical survey. It is possible it represents the remains of a ring ditch-type feature commonly associated with Bronze Age burial mounds though the size of the surviving remains are somewhat diminutive and no dating evidence was recovered. Feature [108] (and [106] if they are indeed separate features) corresponds with anomaly 3 and may be archaeological in origin. Dating evidence was restricted to a small fragment of brick dated to the possible late medieval/Post- medieval period though may be intrusive. A feature was not observed at the south end of the trench as indicated by anomaly 2.

7 Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’ Prepared for Brineflow Properties and Handling Ltd Report number CB570R v.1.0

7.3 It is the author’s opinion that further excavation or monitoring during excavations associated with the development is unlikely to reveal significant archaeological remains or provide further information relating to the known archaeology and history or the area. Monitoring of any excavations on a projected circular alignment of the possible ring ditch may provide further information relating to its nature and date though this appears to be outside of the development area. Decisions regarding further mitigation requirements will be made by the Norfolk County Council Environment Service in association with Broadland District Council.

8 Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’ Prepared for Brineflow Properties and Handling Ltd Report number CB570R v.1.0

Acknowledgments The project was undertaken by Chris Birks on behalf of the Brineflow Properties and Handling Ltd who also funded the work. Many thanks to John Fuller at Brineflow Properties and Handling Ltd and to Henry Alston at Billockby Farms Ltd. Thanks also to Phil Munnings at Munnings Construction Limited who provided plant welfare facilities. Fieldwork was undertaken by Chris Birks and John Simmons and the report was written by Chris Birks with contributions by John Simmons. Thanks to Peter Watkins at the Norfolk Historic Environment Record office based at Gressenhall. Thanks also to James Albone, Steve Hickling, Lorraine Houseago and John Percival at the Norfolk County Council Environment Service. Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’ Prepared for Brineflow Properties and Handling Ltd Report number CB570R v.1.0

Bibliography Birks, C., 2018 Written Scheme of Investigation for a Programme of Archaeological Mitigation Phase 1- Evaluation by Trial Trenching at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’, Chris Birks unpublished document CB570 v.1.1 Blagg-Newsome, M., 2017 Land off Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk. Geophysical Survey. and Bescoby, D., Unpublished Archaeological Solutions Limited Report Number 5301 CIFA 2014 Standard and guidance for commissioning work or providing consultancy advice on archaeology and the historic environment, Reading, The Chartered Institute for Archaeologists Cussans, J., 2015 Land off Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk. An Archaeological Desk- Based Impact Assessment. Unpublished Archaeological Solutions Limited Report Number 4799 Funnell, B., 2005 ‘Geological Background’ in An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, edited by Ashwin, T., and Davison, A. Medlycott, M., 2011 Research and Archaeology Revisited: A Revised Framework for the East of ). East Anglian Archaeology Occasional Paper 24 MoRPHE 2015 Management of Research Projects in the Historic Environment. The MoRPHE Project Manager’s Guide (Historic England) Robertson, D., et al 2018 Standards for Development-led Archaeological Projects in Norfolk. Unpublished Norfolk County Council Environment Service document SCAUM 1997 Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, The Management of Health and Safety Regulations 1992 and Health and Safety in Field Archaeology Williamson, T., 2005 ‘Soil Landscapes’ in An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, edited by Ashwin, T., and Davison, A. Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’ Prepared for Brineflow Properties and Handling Ltd Report number CB570R v.1.0

Appendix 1 Context Summary Context Type Description Thickness Finds Depth Spot Initials/Date No. date

100 D Mid brown sandy silt topsoil with c. 0.4m No c. 22.4m OD - JS/13 Feb 19 occasional small-sized subangular flints and rare medium-sized subangular flints

101 D Dark yellowish brown silty sand subsoil c. 0.2m No c. 22m OD - JS/13 Feb 19 with occasional small-sized subangular flints and very rare medium-sized subangular flints

102 D Yellowish brown sandy silt with patches of - No c. 21.9m OD - JS/13 Feb 19 stiff yellow clay and flint gravel undisturbed ‘natural’ deposits with frequent small-sized subangular flints, occasional medium-sized subangular flints and rare large-sized subangular flints

103 D Dark yellowish brown clayey silt fill of c. 0.16m No c. 22m OD - JS/13 Feb 19 [104] with very rare small-sized subangular flints

104 C Curvilinear feature - No c. 22m OD * JS/13 Feb 19

105 D Dark brown sandy silt fill of [106] with 0.08m No c. 21.9m OD - JS/13 Feb 19 frequent large-sized subangular flints

106 C Linear feature - No c. 21.9m OD - JS/13 Feb 19

107 D Dark brown sandy silt fill of [108] with rare 0.26m CBM c. 21.9m OD - JS/13 Feb 19 medium-sized subangular flints and very rare large-sized subangular flints

108 C Linear feature - No c. 21.9m OD - JS/13 Feb 19

200 D Mid brown sandy silt topsoil with c. 0.35m No c. 21 - 22m - JS/13 Feb 19 occasional small-sized subangular flints OD and rare medium-sized subangular flints

201 D Dark yellowish brown silty sand subsoil c. 0.2m No c. 21 - 22m - JS/13 Feb 19 with occasional small-sized subangular OD flints and very rare medium-sized subangular flints

202 D Yellowish brown sandy silt with patches of - No c. 20.6 – - JS/13 Feb 19 stiff yellow clay and gravel undisturbed 21.4m OD ‘natural’ deposits with frequent small- sized subangular flints, occasional medium-sized subangular flints and rare large-sized subangular flints

300 D Mid brown sandy silt topsoil with c. 0.3m No c. 20.3m OD - CB/14 Feb 19 occasional small-sized subangular flints and rare medium-sized subangular flints

301 D Dark yellowish brown silty sand subsoil c. 0.25 – No c. 20m OD - CB/14 Feb 19 with occasional small-sized subangular 0.35m flints and very rare medium-sized subangular flints

302 D Light yellowish brown sandy silt with - No c. 19.5m OD - CB/14 Feb 19 occasional small-sized subangular flints and mid brown sandy silt flint gravel undisturbed ‘natural’ deposits Key C Cut CBM Ceramic Building Material D Deposit Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’ Prepared for Brineflow Properties and Handling Ltd Report number CB570R v.1.0

Appendix 2 OASIS Record

OASIS ID: chrisbir1-342785

Project details Project name Eval by TT at 'Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk' Short description of Eval by TT following geophysical survey with relation to rural residential and commercial the project development. Undated possible remains of a ring ditch and a linear feature of possible late-medieval/Post-medieval date that correspond to anomalies recorded during a previous geophysical survey were recorded. Project dates Start: 12-02-2019 End: 14-02-2019 Previous/future work Yes / Not known Any associated ENF145785 - HER event no. project reference codes Type of project Field evaluation Current Land use Cultivated Land 3 - Operations to a depth more than 0.25m Monument type RING DITCH Uncertain Monument type DITCH Post Medieval Significant Finds BRICK Post Medieval Methods & ''Targeted Trenches'' techniques Development type Rural residential Prompt National Planning Policy Framework - NPPF Position in the After full determination (eg. As a condition) planning process

Project location Country England Site location NORFOLK BROADLAND Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk Study area 3.2 Hectares Site coordinates TG 3688 0886 52.625184912632 1.500404762805 52 37 30 N 001 30 01 E Point

Project creators Name of Chris Birks Organisation Project brief Local Authority Archaeologist and/or Planning Authority/advisory body originator Project design Chris Birks originator Project Chris Birks director/manager Project supervisor Chris Birks Type of Landowner Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work at ‘Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk’ Prepared for Brineflow Properties and Handling Ltd Report number CB570R v.1.0

sponsor/funding body

Project archives Physical Archive No Exists? Digital Archive Norfolk Museums Service recipient Digital Archive ID 2018 Digital Contents ''none'' Digital Media ''Images raster / digital photography'' available Paper Archive Norfolk Museums Service recipient Paper Archive ID 2018 Paper Contents ''none'' Paper Media ''Plan'',''Report'',''Section'',''Unpublished Text'' available

Project bibliography 1 Grey literature (unpublished document/manuscript) Publication type Title Report on a Programme of Archaeological Mitigatory Work - Phase 1 Evaluation by Trial Trenching at 'Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk' Author(s)/Editor(s) Birks, C., Other bibliographic Report Number CB570R details Date 2019 Issuer or publisher Chris Birks Place of issue or Contractor's Report publication Description Unbound A4 single-side printed report with text, site location plan, colour digital images, fold-out A3 site drawings

Entered by Chris Birks ([email protected]) Entered on 3 March 2019

OASIS: Please e-mail Historic England for OASIS help and advice © ADS 1996-2012 Created by Jo Gilham and Jen Mitcham, email Last modified Wednesday 9 May 2012 Cite only: http://www.oasis.ac.uk/form/print.cfm for this page Cookies Privacy Policy N

Site boundary Proposed new building Archaeological trench Positive anomaly, probable archaeological feature Positive anomaliy, possible archaeological/modern trench Historic boudary Modern linear anomaly Trench 3 Modern structural remains/magnetic debris Modern agricultural features and plough scars Trench 2 Magnetic interference Magnetic spike, probable ferrous object Unsurveyed area

Trench 1

Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood with Burlingham

0 50m Based on a drawings by Feilden+Mawson and Archaeological Solutions Ltd Scale 1:1000@A3 CB570R v.1.0 19.02.19 Figure 2. Site plan Plan drawings Section drawings

Section number 1 N

100 S N 3 22.35m OD

21.90m OD 22.07m OD 105 [108] [106] 107 [108]

102

Section number 2

N S

107 21.94m OD 105 [106] [108]

21.98m OD [108] Section number 3 [104] 1 Section 2 107

21.66m OD

Section 1 Section 21.86m OD 100 21.84m OD 105

[106] S N [104] 101 22.13m OD

Section 4 Section 103 103

21.81m OD 21.98m OD [104] Section 3 Section

Section number 4 N S

103 22.00m OD

2 [104] 1:50 0 2m 1:20 0 1m

Geophysical Survey positive anomalies 1:250 Flint 0 10m Probable archaeological feature Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk Roots Possible archaeological feature/modern trench Scale see drawing Report CB570R v. 1.0

Figure 3. Trench 1 N Section number 5

Section 6 Section 5 202 202 200

W E

201 21.21m OD

202

Section 8

Section number 6 Section number 7

W 200 E 300 21.77m OD

N S 201

20.03m OD 301 202

302

302 Section number 8

N S 300 20.13m OD

301

302

1:20 0 1m Flint Section 7 Roots

1:250 0 10m Land at Lodge Road, Lingwood, Norfolk

Scale 1:250, 1:20 Report CB570R v. 1.0

Figure 4. Trench 2 and 3 drawings