Thailand Forest Mapping 2008 : “ Procedure and Progression”

Mr. Sukan Pungkul Forest Survey and Assessment Division Forest Land Management Office Royal Forest Department, THAILAND [email protected] History

Thailand has for many years conducted forest surveys to produce forest maps using diﬀerent techniques and data such as aerial photography and satellite imagery. The most used method was visual interpretaon, taking a print out of the satellite imagery maps and drawing the forest area. In 2008 the Forest Survey and Assessment Division in conjuncon with Mahidol University, Bangkok insgated the project Thailand Forest Mapping 2008. This project uses the data from Landsat 5, and the technique being used is On‐screen digising. We also conduct a ground survey to double check the data. The project began on the 11th October, 2008 and the ﬁnal report will be submied by the 15th December 2009. Funding and Technical Support

The funding for the project was provided by The Royal forest department (RFD). The Faculty of Environment and Resource Science at Madihol University, Bangkok is providing technical support in the form of satellite image processing, data veriﬁcaon and ground surveys. I am the liaison oﬃcer between the two organisaons and work closely with colleagues from Madihol and lead a team from my own department. Data used to Interpret exisng Forests for 2008

• The survey is using Landsat 5 TM imageries. There are 44 scenes covering the whole of Thailand. We used previous forest data from 2000 and 2004 together with an Ortho‐photo of the year 2002 as a starng point for the present survey. Use of knowledge from Thailand Forest Mapping year 2000. Key Interpretaon for forest and forest plantaon year 2000 The Thailand forest map 2000 was interpreted from Landsat 5‐TM. The forest types were classiﬁed. It was 3 years project.

Interpretaon : Visual Data input : Vectorisaon technique Source: 840 maps (scale 1:50k) of satellite imagery were produced for interpretaon Coordinang system : UTM : datum Indian 1975 Thailand Zone 47 and 48

Output : GIS data ( Arc Coverage) The Thailand forest map 2004 was interpreted from Landsat 5‐TM. The classiﬁcaons of forest were only land forest and mangrove forest. It was one year project .

Data : GIS data (Arc Coverage) Landsat 5 TM 2008

• 44 scenes of Landsat 5 imageries used for the project • Band Combinaon used for image interpretaon Band 4 5 3 (R G B) Computer Soware and Data Format

Remote Sensing ERDAS IMAGINE GIS ARC GIS ARC EDITOR ARCVIEW Data Format Arc Coverage and Shapeﬁle Coordinang System

The coordinang system used in this project is World Geodec System 1984 WGS 1984 , zone 47 and zone 48 Data Classiﬁcaon and Encoding.

The survey area will include the following classiﬁcaons, the codes used are in brackets: • Forest area including land forest (10) mangrove forest (16) • Non‐forest area (90) • Water bodies (50) • Non‐teak plantaon (21) • Eucarlyptus plantaon (22) • Teak plantaon (23) • Others (99) Methodology

• 1. Preparaon of basic data such as administrave boundary, satellite imagery and previous forest informaon. • 2. Preparaon of 76 satellite imagery ﬁles, which represents the number of Thailand administrave boundaries (provinces), for interpretaon. • 3. Conducted visual interpretaon to classify forest area, non‐ forest area and etc. Then drew boundaries of each class by On‐screen digising technique under GIS soware. • 4. Conducted ﬁeld survey to check accuracy of interpretaon. • 5. Corrected the data and then joined them together to produce Thailand forest map. Digising tools On‐screen Digising ‐soware tools ‐users created Arc Editor Interface screen

Basic data seng Field Survey Equipments

Ortho ‐ photo

Garmin GPS: Map 60 CS Trimble GPS: Juso st Field data collecng

GPS

Mangrove (code = 16)

Tracking

Marking point Example: Survey of mangrove forest at Krabi province. Field data recording Examples of Classiﬁcaons

Field Survey Dry evergreen forest Classiﬁcaon Forest Area (code = 10)

Surin Province Northeast of Thailand Field Survey Hill evergreen forest Classiﬁcaon Forest Area (code = 10)

Nan Province North of Thailand Field Survey Mangrove forest Classiﬁcaon Forest Area (code = 10)

Krabi Province South of Thailand Field Survey Mixed deciduous forest Classiﬁcaon Forest Area (code = 10)

Chiang Mai Province North of Thailand Field Survey Rice Field, Field crop and Residenal area Classiﬁcaon Non‐ forest area (code = 90)

Nakhon Nayok Province Central of Thailand No Field Survey Airport and Golf course Classiﬁcaon Other (code = 99)

Samut Prakan Province Central of Thailand Point of Field Survey

• We collected data from 7,615 points represenng all the diﬀerent classiﬁcaons. The data was distributed as follows: • Land forest (10) : 3,773 points • Mangrove forest (16) : 114 points • Non‐teak plantaon (21) : 91 points • Eucarlyptus plantaon (22) : 76 points • Teak plantaon (23) : 103 points • Water bodies (50) : 16 points • Non‐forest area (90) : 2,507 points • Others (99) : 935 points An Example of completed Satellite Interpretaon of Chonburi Province ( East Thailand )

Completed interpretaon Arc Coverage Present Results ( not yet completed )

• The final interpretaon and data verificaon are almost completed. Then each of the files from the various provinces will be compiled to produce the end document entled Thailand Forest Map 2008. Example of each province data Conclusions

“Thailand Forest Mapping 2008”

Remote sensing data : Landsat 5‐TM (band combinaon 4 5 3). The forest classiﬁcaons : Land forest and mangrove forest. It is one year project.

Interpretaon : Visual Data input : On screen digizing Source: 76 digital ﬁles (represent Thailand administrave boundary) of satellite imageries were produced for interpretaon. Coordinang system: WGS 1984 , Zone 47 and 48

Output : GIS data ( Arc Coverage) THANK YOU

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