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Pampus Argenteus > Propagation and Stock Enhancement of Silver pomfret ( Pamus argenteus ) in the North west of Persian Gulf Item Type Report Authors Mohammadi, Gholamhosin; Ansari, Hushang; Kashi, Mohammad Taghi; Alavi, Sayed Ali; Najaf Abadi, Mojteba; Saghavi, Hamid; Pagheh, Smaiel; Ranjbar, Amin; Hosieni, Sayed Javad; Kahkesh, Shahpor Publisher Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute Download date 27/09/2021 22:47:57 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/13275 وزارت ﺟﻬﺎد ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ، آﻣﻮزش ﺗو ﺮوﻳﺞﻛ ﺸﺎورزي ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر – ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه آﺑﺰي ﭘﺮوري ﺟﻨﻮب ﻛﺸﻮر ﻋﻨﻮان : : ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ و ﺑﺎزﺳﺎزي ذﺧﻴﺮه ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺣﻠﻮا ﺳﻔﻴﺪ Pampus argenteus در آب ﻫﺎي ﺷﻤﺎل ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻓﺎرس ﻣﺠﺮي : : ﻏﻼﻣﺤﺴﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪي ﺷﻤ ﺎره ﺛﺒﺖ 41275 وزارت ﺟﻬﺎد ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﻳﭻ ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر ﻋﻨﻮان ﭘﺮوژه : ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ و ﺑﺎزﺳﺎزي ذﺧﻴﺮه ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺣﻠﻮا ﺳﻔﻴﺪ Pampus argenteus در آﺑﻬﺎي ﺷﻤﺎل ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻓﺎرس ﺷﻤﺎره ﻣﺼﻮب : -87027 12 - 74- 4 ﻧ ﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪه / ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪﮔﺎن : ﻏﻼﻣﺤﺴﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪي ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺮي ﻣﺴﺌﻮل ( اﺧﺘﺼﺎص ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ و ﻃﺮﺣﻬﺎي ﻣﻠﻲ و ﻣﺸﺘﺮك دارد ) : - - ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺮي / ﻣﺠﺮﻳﺎن : ﻏﻼﻣﺤﺴﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪي ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻫﻤﻜﺎران : ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺗﻘﻲ ﻛﺎﺷﻲ، ﻫﻮﺷﻨﮓ اﻧﺼﺎري، ﺣﻤﻴﺪ ﺳﻘﺎو ي، ﻋﻠﻲ ﻋﻠﻮي، ﻣﺠﺘﺒﻲ ﻧﺠﻒ آﺑﺎدي، اﺳﻤﺎﻋﻴﻞ ﭘﻘﻪ، اﻣﻴﻦ رﻧﺠﺒﺮ، ﺳﻴﺪﺟﻮاد ﺣﺴﻴﻨﻲ، ﺷﺎﭘﻮر ﻛﺎﻫﻜﺶ ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻣﺸﺎوران -: -: ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻧﺎﻇﺮ : - ﻣﺤﻞ اﺟﺮا : اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﺷﺮوع /1/7: 87 ﻣﺪت اﺟﺮا : 2 ﺳﺎل و 3 ﻣﺎه ﻧﺎﺷﺮ : ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر ﺷﻤﺎرﮔﺎن ( ﺗﻴﺘﺮاژ ) : 20 ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر : ﺳﺎل 1392 ﺣﻖ ﭼﺎپ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺆﻟﻒ ﻣﺤﻔﻮظ اﺳﺖ . ﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ، ﺗﺼﺎوﻳﺮ ، ﺟﺪاول ، ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﻫﺎ و ﻧﻤﻮدارﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ذﻛﺮ ﻣﺄﺧﺬ ﺑﻼﻣﺎﻧﻊ اﺳﺖ . « ﺳﻮاﺑﻖ ﻃﺮح ﻳﺎ ﭘﺮوژه و ﻣﺠﺮي » » ﭘﺮوژه : ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ و ﺑﺎزﺳﺎزي ذﺧﻴﺮه ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺣﻠﻮا ﺳﻔﻴﺪ Pampus. Argenteus در آﺑﻬﺎي ﺷﻤﺎل ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻓﺎرس ﻛﺪ ﻣﺼﻮب : 12-87027 - -74 4 ﺷﻤﺎره ﺛﺒﺖ ( ﻓﺮوﺳﺖ ) : 41275 ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ : 91/5/21 ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﺟﻨﺎب آﻗﺎي ﻏﻼﻣﺤﺴﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪي داراي ﻣـﺪرك ﺗﺤﺼـﻴﻠﻲ دﻛﺘـﺮي ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژي درﻳﺎ ﻣ ﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . ﭘﺮوژه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ داوران ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﺑﺨﺶ اﺻﻼح ﻧﮋاد و ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ و ﭘﺮورش آﺑﺰﻳــﺎن در ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ 25/11/ 90 ﻣﻮرد ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ و ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺮه /7 17 و رﺗﺒﻪ ﺧﻮب ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ . در زﻣﺎن اﺟﺮاي ﭘﺮوژه، ﻣﺠﺮي در : : ﺳﺘﺎد ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه ﻣﺮﻛﺰ اﻳﺴﺘﮕ ﺎه■ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻤﺖ رﺋﻴﺲ اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن آب ﺷﻮر داﺧﻠﻲ - ﺑﺎﻓﻖ ﻣﺸﻐﻮل ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ . ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎم ﺧﺪا ﻋﻨﻮان « ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻨﺪرﺟﺎت « ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﭼﻜﻴﺪه ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................... 1 1 -1 ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 2 2 -1-1 ﻣﺮوري ﺑﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 4 4 -1-2 ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﻪ وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﺟﻬﺎن و ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻓﺎرس ................................ ................................ ........... 8 -1-3 ﺑﻴﺸﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﭘﺎﻳﺪار ( MSY ) ................................ ................................ ................................. 10 -1-4 ﺑﻴﺸﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ( MCY ) ................................ ................................ .................................. 11 -1-5 ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ اﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ از ﺧﻮرﻳﺎت ﺑﻨﺪر اﻣﺎم و اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن در ﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻨﺪر اﻣﺎم ﺧﻤﻴﻨﻲ ........... 11 -1-6 ﺗﺎﻛﺴﻮﻧﻮﻣﻲ و ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺣﻠﻮا ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ................................ ................................ ................. 12 -1-7 ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻠﻲ ﻏﺪد ﺟﻨﺴﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺣﻠﻮا ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﻣﺎده ................................ ........................... 14 -2 ﻣﻮاد و روﺷﻬﺎ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................................... 15 -2-1 ﺻﻴﺪ و ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﻣﻮﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ................................ ................................ ............................. 15 -2-2 ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺻﻴﺪ و ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﻣﻮﻟﺪﻳﻦ ................................ .................................. 15 -2-3 ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻏﺪد ﺟﻨﺴﻲ Maturity stages ................................ ................................ ......... 18 -2-4 ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﭘﺎﻳﺪار ( MSY ) ................................ ................................ ................... 19 -2-5 ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ( MCY ) ................................ ................................ .................... 21 -2-6 ﭘﺮدازش داده ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ ﻃﻮﻟﻲ و اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺻﻴﺪ و ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ و ﭘﺮورش ................................ ........ 22 -2-7 ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﻮﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ................................ ................................ ............................... 22 -2-8 ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﺑﺮ روي ﻋﺮﺷﻪ ﻗﺎﻳﻖ ﺻﻴﺎدي ................................ ................................ ............................. 23 9-2-ا ﻧﻜﻮﺑﺎﺳﻴﻮن ﺗﺨﻢ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 29 10-2- ﭘﺮورش ﻻرو ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 30 11-2- ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ وﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ آّب ................................ ................................ ........................ 31 -3 ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 32 -3-1 ﻟﻘﺎح و ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 32 -3-2 ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ رﺷﺪ ﻻروي ................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 34 -3-3 ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﺣﻠﻮا ﺳﻔﻴﺪ در دوره ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ................................ .......... 35 -4 ﺑﺤﺚ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 40 -4-1 ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ و ﭘﺮورش ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 40 ﻋﻨﻮان « ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻨﺪرﺟﺎت « ﺻﻔﺤﻪ -4-2 ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ و ﺿﺮاﻳﺐ ﻣﺮگ و ﻣﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺣﻠﻮا ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ................................ ............... 42 42 -4-3 ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺣﻠﻮا ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ................................ ................................ .......... 43 43 ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدﻫﺎ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 45 45 ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................ 46 46 ﭼﻜﻴﺪه اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 50 ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ و ﺑﺎزﺳﺎزي ذﺧﻴﺮه ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺣﻠﻮا ﺳﻔﻴﺪ .../ 1 ﭼﻜﻴﺪه اﻳﻦ ﭘﺮوژه در آﺑﻬﺎي ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ اﻳﺮان، آﺑﻬﺎي ﺳﺎﺣﻠﻲ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺧﻮرﻣﻮﺳﻲ ( ﺧﻮرﻳﺎت ﺑﻨﺪر اﻣﺎم ﺧﻤﻴﻨﻲ ) از اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ 1388 ﻟﻐﺎﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮر 1389 اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ در درﻳﺎروي ﻫﺎي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﻃﻲ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺪت ﺗﻌﺪاد 237 ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺣﻠﻮا ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﺻﻴﺪ و از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺟﻨﺴﻲ و ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ رﺳﻴﺪﮔﻲ ﺗﺨﻤﺪاﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ و ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ . ﻫﻢ آوري ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺣﻠﻮا ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﺑﻴﻦ 19000 ﺗﺎ 38000 ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ . ﺑﺎ اﺗﻜﺎئ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻴﺎت ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﻫﻤﻜﺎر در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻗﺒﻠﻲ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﻗﺒﻠﻲ ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﺣﻠﻮاﺳﻔﻴﺪ در ﺗﻴﺮ 1388 ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮ ﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﻲ از ﺗﺨﻤﻬﺎي ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻟﻘﺎح ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﻲ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 35 روز ﭘﺮورش داده ﺷﺪ . ﭘﺲ از اﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﭽﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻫﺎ ﺗﻠﻒ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ رﻫﺎﺳﺎزي اﻧﺠﺎم ﻧﺸﺪ . ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﺎده آﻣﺎده ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ و در ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺗﺨﻢ اﺳﺘﺤﺼﺎل ﺷﺪه ( 32400 ﺗﺨﻢ ﻟﻘﺎح ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ از 15 ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﻣﺎده ) ، ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ درﺻﺪ ﻟﻘﺎح (32 درﺻﺪ ) و ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ درﺻﺪ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﺦ (51 درﺻﺪ ﺗﺨﻤﻬﺎي ﻟﻘﺎح ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ) در اواﻳﻞ ﺗﻴﺮﻣﺎه ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ و در ﻫﺮ ﺳﻲ ﺳﻲ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺗﺨﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻟﻘﺎح ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺣﺪود 720 ﻋﺪد ﺑﻮد . ﻗﻄﺮ ﺗﺨﻢ در زﻣﺎن ﻟﻘﺎح ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺣﺪود 1/1 ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ و ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ اﻧ ﺪازه ﻻرو در زﻣﺎن ﺗﻔﺮﻳﺦ ﺑﻴﻦ 2/2 ﺗﺎ 4/2 ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد . ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺗﺨﻢ ﻛﺸﻲ و ﻟﻘﺎح در ﻣﺤﻞ ﺻﻴﺪ ﻣﻮﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎ ﺣﺪود 350 ﺳﻲ ﺳﻲ ﺗﺨﻢ ﻟﻘﺎح ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ در ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﺨﻤﺮ ﻳﺰي ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺣﻠﻮا ﺳﻔﻴﺪ رﻫﺎﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪ . در ﺳﺎل 1387 و 1388 ﻣﻴﺰا ن ﺻﻴﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺣﻠﻮا ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ 668 و 491 ﺗﻦ ﺑﻮد. ﻃﻮل ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎﻳﺖ ∞L در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 48/ 33 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ و K ﻳﺎ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ رﺷﺪ 59/0 در ﺳﺎل ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. ﺿﺮاﻳﺐ ﻣﺮگ و ﻣﻴﺮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ (M ) و ﺻﻴﺎدي (F ) ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ 12/1 و 27/1 ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ . ﻛﻠﻤﺎت ﻛﻠﻴﺪي : ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻓﺎرس، ﺧﻮر ﻣﻮﺳﻲ، ﺣﻠﻮا ﺳﻔﻴﺪ، ﺑﺎزﺳﺎزي ذﺧﺎﺋﺮ /2 ﮔﺰارش ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻃﺮح ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ -1 ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ اﻣﺮوزه ﻫﻢ در ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ و ﻫﻢ در ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي در ﺣﺎل ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ، ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت داراي ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎه وﻳﮋه و از اﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و اﻳﻦ واﻗﻌﻴﺖ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺎن ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺟﻬﺎن رﻣﺰ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﺧﻮد را در اﺟﺮاي ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﻲ داﻧﻨﺪ و ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ ﻣﺸﻜﻼت ﻛﺸﻮر ﺧﻮﻳﺶ را ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ روش ﺣﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨ .ﺪ .ﺪ از اﻳﻦ رو ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ از ﻧﻈﺮ زﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﺑﺎ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ روزﻣﺮه اﻧﺴﺎﻧﻬﺎ روﺑﺮو ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ از ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎه وﻳﮋه اي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺑﻮده و زﻣﺎﻧﻲ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ واﻗﻌﻲ ﺧﻮد را ﻣﻲ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻛﻪ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه زﻳﺮ ﺑﻨﺎي ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ و ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ و ﺻﺎدرات ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد . رﺷﺪ روزاﻓﺰون ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ وﻳﮋه در ﻛ ﺸﻮرﻫﺎي در ﺣﺎل ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و ﻧﻴﺎز ﻣﺒﺮم ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﻴﻦ و ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ و ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ و ﻛﺎﻓﻲ و از ﻃﺮف دﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻮاد ﻏﺬاﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮص ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت درﻳﺎﻳﻲ در راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺎدرات ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ درﻳﺎﻫﺎ اﻳﻔﺎ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪه ﻛﻪ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﺎ و ﻣﺮا ﻛﺰ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺟﻬﺎن ﻧﻈﺮﺧﺎﺻﻲ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﻧﺸﺎن داده و ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد زﻳﺎدي از ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ را در اﻳﻦ زﻣﻨﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ اﺟﺮا در ﻣﻲ آورﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮري ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺛﻤﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ آﻧﻬﺎ در ﻛﺘﺐ و ﻧﺸﺮﻳﺎت ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮن ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ . اﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﭼﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان آﺑﺰي ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان از ﻳﻚ ذﺧﻴﺮه ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﻧﻤﻮد ، ﺑﺪون اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺪرت ﺑﺎروري آن ﺻﺪﻣﻪ اي وارد آﻳﺪ ، و ﻳﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻲ در ذﺧﻴﺮه اﻳﺠﺎد ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ، اذﻫﺎن اﻓﺮاد ﺑﺴﻴﺎري را در ﻗﺮن اﺧﻴﺮ ﺑﺨﻮد ﻣﺸﻐﻮل ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ . ﻣﺎﻫﻴﮕﻴﺮي ﻳﻚ ﺣﺮﻓﻪ ﺗﻮام ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات ﻣﺪاوم ﺑﻮده و اﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات داراي ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ : ﻓﻨﻲ ( ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ در اﺑﺰار ، ﺷﻨﺎور و ﻋﻤﻞ آوري ) ، زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ( ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎت ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ ) ، اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ( ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات
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