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Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment for the Malta River Basin District

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Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment for the Malta River Basin District Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment for the Malta River Basin District 2019 The Energy and Water Agency Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment for the Malta River Basin District 2019 1 Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment This page is left blank intentionally. Please consider the environment before printing this document. If necessary, print this document using double-sided printer setting. Copyright © 2019 The Energy and Water Agency, Malta. All rights reserved. 2 The Energy and Water Agency Contents List of tables ...................................................................................................................... 5 List of figures .................................................................................................................... 6 List of Abbreviation........................................................................................................... 8 Executive Summary ........................................................................................................ 10 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 11 1.1 Malta’s Governance Structure for Flood Risk Management ................................ 11 1.2 Flooding in the Maltese Islands ............................................................................ 12 1.3 Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment ...................................................................... 13 2. Overview of the Malta River Basin District................................................................. 14 2.1 Geology and Hydrogeology ................................................................................... 15 2.2 Geomorphology .................................................................................................... 19 2.3 Land-use ................................................................................................................ 21 2.4 Population ............................................................................................................. 23 2.5 Climate .................................................................................................................. 25 2.6 Surface Waters ...................................................................................................... 29 2.7 The impact of Climate Change and Sea Level Rise in Malta ................................. 32 3. Flood mitigation in the Maltese Islands ..................................................................... 36 4. Areas of Potentially Significant Flood Risk ................................................................. 44 4.1 Classification of catchments which are at risk ...................................................... 44 4.2 Methodology for the identification of APSFRs ..................................................... 49 4.3 Characterisation of the main catchments ............................................................ 52 4.3.1 Birkirkara-Msida ............................................................................................ 53 4.3.2 Birzebbugia .................................................................................................... 54 3 Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment 4.3.3 Burmarrad ...................................................................................................... 55 4.3.4 Gzira ............................................................................................................... 57 4.3.5 Kalkara ........................................................................................................... 58 4.3.6 Marsascala ..................................................................................................... 59 4.3.7 Qormi-Marsa ................................................................................................. 60 4.3.8 Marsalforn ..................................................................................................... 62 4.3.9 Mgarr ix-Xini .................................................................................................. 64 4.3.10 Ramla ........................................................................................................... 65 4.3.11 Xlendi ........................................................................................................... 66 4.4 Flood discharges in the Malta RBD ....................................................................... 68 4.5 Criteria for the identification of APSFRs ............................................................... 70 4.6 Identification of Areas of Potentially Significant Flood Risk ................................. 72 4.6.1 New control points and sub-catchments ...................................................... 73 4.6.2 Classification of flood risk .............................................................................. 77 4.6.3 Results............................................................................................................ 80 4.6.4 Identification of Areas with Potentially Significant Flood Risk ..................... 86 5 Next steps in implement the provision of the Floods Directive .................................. 95 5.1 Flood Hazard Maps and Flood Risk Maps ............................................................. 95 5.2 Flood Risk Management Plan ............................................................................... 96 5.3 Public Consultation Process .................................................................................. 97 6. Summary and Conclusions.......................................................................................... 98 References .................................................................................................................... 100 4 The Energy and Water Agency List of tables Table 2.1 Comparison of land-use change from the 2012 and 2018 Corine Land Cover maps in Malta and Gozo and Comino ............................................................................ 23 Table 2.2 Average, maximum and minimum rainfall depth between 1940-2018 ......... 26 Table 2.3 Peak rainfall data between 2008-2018 ........................................................... 26 Table 2.4 Consequences of floods in the Maltese Islands ............................................. 27 Table 4.1 Size and primary land use for the76 sub-catchments in the island of Malta . 46 Table 4.2 Size and primary land use for all sub-catchments in the island of Gozo and Comino ............................................................................................................................ 47 Table 4.3 Catchments under study ................................................................................. 48 Table 4.4 Flood Discharge in Malta RBD ........................................................................ 69 Table 4.5 Dataset and data source information ............................................................. 71 Table 4.6 New sub-catchments and control points........................................................ 74 Table 4.7 SWMM’s Flood Discharge in Malta RBD ......................................................... 74 Table 4.8 Prioritization of flood risk ............................................................................... 77 Table 4.9 Categorization of the flood risk ...................................................................... 79 Table 4.10 Identification code of the sub-catchments................................................... 80 Table 4.11 Receptors at risk consequences for T=5 years RPT ...................................... 82 Table 4.12 Receptors at risk consequences for T=50 years RPT .................................... 83 Table 4.13 Receptors at risk consequences for T=200 years RPT .................................. 84 Table 4.14 Likelihood of flood risk for the three different return periods .................... 85 5 Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment List of figures Figure 1.1 Governance structure for flood risk management in Malta ......................... 11 Figure 2.1 The River Basin District for the Maltese Islands ............................................ 14 Figure 2.2 Geology of the Maltese Islands ..................................................................... 17 Figure 2.3 Groundwater bodies distribution in the Maltese Islands ............................. 18 Figure 2.4 Formation of surface grabens ....................................................................... 19 Figure 2.5 Elevation profile in the Malta River Basin District ......................................... 21 Figure 2.6 Map of land use in Malta ............................................................................... 22 Figure 2.7 Population density per local council in the Maltese islands ......................... 24 Figure 2.8 Pluvial flooding in Malta in November 2016 and October 2018 ................... 28 Figure 2.9 Watercourses in the Maltese Islands. ........................................................... 30 Figure 2.10 Pools in the Maltese Islands ........................................................................ 31 Figure 2.11 Transitional waters in the Maltese Islands .................................................. 32 Figure 3.1 Chadwick lake’s dam after restoration .......................................................... 37 Figure 3.2 Flood mitigation infrastructure in the Birkirkara catchment ........................ 38 Figure 3.3 Flood mitigation infrastructure in the Gzira
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