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Modeling Popularity and Reliability of Sources in Multilingual Wikipedia
information Article Modeling Popularity and Reliability of Sources in Multilingual Wikipedia Włodzimierz Lewoniewski * , Krzysztof W˛ecel and Witold Abramowicz Department of Information Systems, Pozna´nUniversity of Economics and Business, 61-875 Pozna´n,Poland; [email protected] (K.W.); [email protected] (W.A.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 31 March 2020; Accepted: 7 May 2020; Published: 13 May 2020 Abstract: One of the most important factors impacting quality of content in Wikipedia is presence of reliable sources. By following references, readers can verify facts or find more details about described topic. A Wikipedia article can be edited independently in any of over 300 languages, even by anonymous users, therefore information about the same topic may be inconsistent. This also applies to use of references in different language versions of a particular article, so the same statement can have different sources. In this paper we analyzed over 40 million articles from the 55 most developed language versions of Wikipedia to extract information about over 200 million references and find the most popular and reliable sources. We presented 10 models for the assessment of the popularity and reliability of the sources based on analysis of meta information about the references in Wikipedia articles, page views and authors of the articles. Using DBpedia and Wikidata we automatically identified the alignment of the sources to a specific domain. Additionally, we analyzed the changes of popularity and reliability in time and identified growth leaders in each of the considered months. The results can be used for quality improvements of the content in different languages versions of Wikipedia. -
Omnipedia: Bridging the Wikipedia Language
Omnipedia: Bridging the Wikipedia Language Gap Patti Bao*†, Brent Hecht†, Samuel Carton†, Mahmood Quaderi†, Michael Horn†§, Darren Gergle*† *Communication Studies, †Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, §Learning Sciences Northwestern University {patti,brent,sam.carton,quaderi}@u.northwestern.edu, {michael-horn,dgergle}@northwestern.edu ABSTRACT language edition contains its own cultural viewpoints on a We present Omnipedia, a system that allows Wikipedia large number of topics [7, 14, 15, 27]. On the other hand, readers to gain insight from up to 25 language editions of the language barrier serves to silo knowledge [2, 4, 33], Wikipedia simultaneously. Omnipedia highlights the slowing the transfer of less culturally imbued information similarities and differences that exist among Wikipedia between language editions and preventing Wikipedia’s 422 language editions, and makes salient information that is million monthly visitors [12] from accessing most of the unique to each language as well as that which is shared information on the site. more widely. We detail solutions to numerous front-end and algorithmic challenges inherent to providing users with In this paper, we present Omnipedia, a system that attempts a multilingual Wikipedia experience. These include to remedy this situation at a large scale. It reduces the silo visualizing content in a language-neutral way and aligning effect by providing users with structured access in their data in the face of diverse information organization native language to over 7.5 million concepts from up to 25 strategies. We present a study of Omnipedia that language editions of Wikipedia. At the same time, it characterizes how people interact with information using a highlights similarities and differences between each of the multilingual lens. -
The Culture of Wikipedia
Good Faith Collaboration: The Culture of Wikipedia Good Faith Collaboration The Culture of Wikipedia Joseph Michael Reagle Jr. Foreword by Lawrence Lessig The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA. Web edition, Copyright © 2011 by Joseph Michael Reagle Jr. CC-NC-SA 3.0 Purchase at Amazon.com | Barnes and Noble | IndieBound | MIT Press Wikipedia's style of collaborative production has been lauded, lambasted, and satirized. Despite unease over its implications for the character (and quality) of knowledge, Wikipedia has brought us closer than ever to a realization of the centuries-old Author Bio & Research Blog pursuit of a universal encyclopedia. Good Faith Collaboration: The Culture of Wikipedia is a rich ethnographic portrayal of Wikipedia's historical roots, collaborative culture, and much debated legacy. Foreword Preface to the Web Edition Praise for Good Faith Collaboration Preface Extended Table of Contents "Reagle offers a compelling case that Wikipedia's most fascinating and unprecedented aspect isn't the encyclopedia itself — rather, it's the collaborative culture that underpins it: brawling, self-reflexive, funny, serious, and full-tilt committed to the 1. Nazis and Norms project, even if it means setting aside personal differences. Reagle's position as a scholar and a member of the community 2. The Pursuit of the Universal makes him uniquely situated to describe this culture." —Cory Doctorow , Boing Boing Encyclopedia "Reagle provides ample data regarding the everyday practices and cultural norms of the community which collaborates to 3. Good Faith Collaboration produce Wikipedia. His rich research and nuanced appreciation of the complexities of cultural digital media research are 4. The Puzzle of Openness well presented. -
An Analysis of Contributions to Wikipedia from Tor
Are anonymity-seekers just like everybody else? An analysis of contributions to Wikipedia from Tor Chau Tran Kaylea Champion Andrea Forte Department of Computer Science & Engineering Department of Communication College of Computing & Informatics New York University University of Washington Drexel University New York, USA Seatle, USA Philadelphia, USA [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Benjamin Mako Hill Rachel Greenstadt Department of Communication Department of Computer Science & Engineering University of Washington New York University Seatle, USA New York, USA [email protected] [email protected] Abstract—User-generated content sites routinely block contri- butions from users of privacy-enhancing proxies like Tor because of a perception that proxies are a source of vandalism, spam, and abuse. Although these blocks might be effective, collateral damage in the form of unrealized valuable contributions from anonymity seekers is invisible. One of the largest and most important user-generated content sites, Wikipedia, has attempted to block contributions from Tor users since as early as 2005. We demonstrate that these blocks have been imperfect and that thousands of attempts to edit on Wikipedia through Tor have been successful. We draw upon several data sources and analytical techniques to measure and describe the history of Tor editing on Wikipedia over time and to compare contributions from Tor users to those from other groups of Wikipedia users. Fig. 1. Screenshot of the page a user is shown when they attempt to edit the Our analysis suggests that although Tor users who slip through Wikipedia article on “Privacy” while using Tor. Wikipedia’s ban contribute content that is more likely to be reverted and to revert others, their contributions are otherwise similar in quality to those from other unregistered participants and to the initial contributions of registered users. -
Florida State University Libraries
)ORULGD6WDWH8QLYHUVLW\/LEUDULHV 2020 Wiki-Donna: A Contribution to a More Gender-Balanced History of Italian Literature Online Zoe D'Alessandro Follow this and additional works at DigiNole: FSU's Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES WIKI-DONNA: A CONTRIBUTION TO A MORE GENDER-BALANCED HISTORY OF ITALIAN LITERATURE ONLINE By ZOE D’ALESSANDRO A Thesis submitted to the Department of Modern Languages and Linguistics in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with Honors in the Major Degree Awarded: Spring, 2020 The members of the Defense Committee approve the thesis of Zoe D’Alessandro defended on April 20, 2020. Dr. Silvia Valisa Thesis Director Dr. Celia Caputi Outside Committee Member Dr. Elizabeth Coggeshall Committee Member Introduction Last year I was reading Una donna (1906) by Sibilla Aleramo, one of the most important works in Italian modern literature and among the very first explicitly feminist works in the Italian language. Wanting to know more about it, I looked it up on Wikipedia. Although there exists a full entry in the Italian Wikipedia (consisting of a plot summary, publishing information, and external links), the corresponding page in the English Wikipedia consisted only of a short quote derived from a book devoted to gender studies, but that did not address that specific work in great detail. As in-depth and ubiquitous as Wikipedia usually is, I had never thought a work as important as this wouldn’t have its own page. This discovery prompted the question: if this page hadn’t been translated, what else was missing? And was this true of every entry for books across languages, or more so for women writers? My work in expanding the entry for Una donna was the beginning of my exploration into the presence of Italian women writers in the Italian and English Wikipedias, and how it relates back to canon, Wikipedia, and gender studies. -
Parallel Creation of Gigaword Corpora for Medium Density Languages – an Interim Report
Parallel creation of gigaword corpora for medium density languages – an interim report Peter´ Halacsy,´ Andras´ Kornai, Peter´ Nemeth,´ Daniel´ Varga Budapest University of Technology Media Research Center H-1111 Budapest Stoczek u 2 {hp,kornai,pnemeth,daniel}@mokk.bme.hu Abstract For increased speed in developing gigaword language resources for medium resource density languages we integrated several FOSS tools in the HUN* toolkit. While the speed and efficiency of the resulting pipeline has surpassed our expectations, our experience in developing LDC-style resource packages for Uzbek and Kurdish makes clear that neither the data collection nor the subsequent processing stages can be fully automated. 1. Introduction pages (http://technorati.com/weblog/2007/ So far only a select few languages have been fully in- 04/328.html, April 2007) as a proxy for widely tegrated in the bloodstream of modern communications, available material. While the picture is somewhat distorted commerce, research, and education. Most research, devel- by artificial languages (Esperanto, Volapuk,¨ Basic En- opment, and even the language- and area-specific profes- glish) which have enthusiastic wikipedia communities but sional societies in computational linguistics (CL), natural relatively few webpages elsewhere, and by regional lan- language processing (NLP), and information retrieval (IR), guages in the European Union (Catalan, Galician, Basque, target English, the FIGS languages (French, Italian, Ger- Luxembourgish, Breton, Welsh, Lombard, Piedmontese, man, Spanish), -
Cultural Bias in Wikipedia Content on Famous Persons
ASI21577.tex 14/6/2011 16: 39 Page 1 Cultural Bias in Wikipedia Content on Famous Persons Ewa S. Callahan Department of Film, Video, and Interactive Media, School of Communications, Quinnipiac University, 275 Mt. Carmel Avenue, Hamden, CT 06518-1908. E-mail: [email protected] Susan C. Herring School of Library and Information Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, 1320 E. 10th St., Bloomington, IN 47405-3907. E-mail: [email protected] Wikipedia advocates a strict “neutral point of view” This issue comes to the fore when one considers (NPOV) policy. However, although originally a U.S-based, that Wikipedia, although originally a U.S-based, English- English-language phenomenon, the online, user-created language phenomenon, now has versions—or “editions,” as encyclopedia now has versions in many languages. This study examines the extent to which content and perspec- they are called on Wikipedia—in many languages, with con- tives vary across cultures by comparing articles about tent and perspectives that can be expected to vary across famous persons in the Polish and English editions of cultures. With regard to coverage of persons in different Wikipedia.The results of quantitative and qualitative con- language versions, Kolbitsch and Maurer (2006) claim that tent analyses reveal systematic differences related to Wikipedia “emphasises ‘local heroes”’ and thus “distorts the different cultures, histories, and values of Poland and the United States; at the same time, a U.S./English- reality and creates an imbalance” (p. 196). However, their language advantage is evident throughout. In conclusion, evidence is anecdotal; empirical research is needed to inves- the implications of these findings for the quality and tigate the question of whether—and if so, to what extent—the objectivity of Wikipedia as a global repository of knowl- cultural biases of a country are reflected in the content of edge are discussed, and recommendations are advanced Wikipedia entries written in the language of that country. -
A Complete, Longitudinal and Multi-Language Dataset of the Wikipedia Link Networks
WikiLinkGraphs: A Complete, Longitudinal and Multi-Language Dataset of the Wikipedia Link Networks Cristian Consonni David Laniado Alberto Montresor DISI, University of Trento Eurecat, Centre Tecnologic` de Catalunya DISI, University of Trento [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Abstract and result in a huge conceptual network. According to Wiki- pedia policies2 (Wikipedia contributors 2018e), when a con- Wikipedia articles contain multiple links connecting a sub- cept is relevant within an article, the article should include a ject to other pages of the encyclopedia. In Wikipedia par- link to the page corresponding to such concept (Borra et al. lance, these links are called internal links or wikilinks. We present a complete dataset of the network of internal Wiki- 2015). Therefore, the network between articles may be seen pedia links for the 9 largest language editions. The dataset as a giant mind map, emerging from the links established by contains yearly snapshots of the network and spans 17 years, the community. Such graph is not static but is continuously from the creation of Wikipedia in 2001 to March 1st, 2018. growing and evolving, reflecting the endless collaborative While previous work has mostly focused on the complete hy- process behind it. perlink graph which includes also links automatically gener- The English Wikipedia includes over 163 million con- ated by templates, we parsed each revision of each article to nections between its articles. This huge graph has been track links appearing in the main text. In this way we obtained exploited for many purposes, from natural language pro- a cleaner network, discarding more than half of the links and cessing (Yeh et al. -
Package 'Wikitaxa'
Package ‘wikitaxa’ June 29, 2020 Title Taxonomic Information from 'Wikipedia' Description 'Taxonomic' information from 'Wikipedia', 'Wikicommons', 'Wikispecies', and 'Wikidata'. Functions included for getting taxonomic information from each of the sources just listed, as well performing taxonomic search. Version 0.4.0 License MIT + file LICENSE URL https://docs.ropensci.org/wikitaxa, https://github.com/ropensci/wikitaxa BugReports https://github.com/ropensci/wikitaxa/issues LazyLoad yes LazyData yes Encoding UTF-8 Language en-US VignetteBuilder knitr Depends R(>= 3.2.1) Imports WikidataR, data.table, curl, crul (>= 0.3.4), tibble, jsonlite, xml2 Suggests testthat, knitr, rmarkdown, vcr RoxygenNote 7.1.0 X-schema.org-applicationCategory Taxonomy X-schema.org-keywords taxonomy, species, API, web-services, Wikipedia, vernacular, Wikispecies, Wikicommons X-schema.org-isPartOf https://ropensci.org NeedsCompilation no Author Scott Chamberlain [aut, cre], Ethan Welty [aut] Maintainer Scott Chamberlain <[email protected]> Repository CRAN Date/Publication 2020-06-29 15:30:03 UTC 1 2 wikipedias R topics documented: wikitaxa-package . .2 wikipedias . .2 wt_data . .3 wt_wikicommons . .4 wt_wikipedia . .6 wt_wikispecies . .8 wt_wiki_page . .9 wt_wiki_page_parse . 10 wt_wiki_url_build . 11 wt_wiki_url_parse . 12 Index 14 wikitaxa-package wikitaxa Description Taxonomic Information from Wikipedia Author(s) Scott Chamberlain <[email protected]> Ethan Welty wikipedias List of Wikipedias Description data.frame of 295 rows, with 3 columns: • language - language • language_local - language in local name • wiki - langugae code for the wiki Details From https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias wt_data 3 wt_data Wikidata taxonomy data Description Wikidata taxonomy data Usage wt_data(x, property = NULL, ...) wt_data_id(x, language = "en", limit = 10, ...) Arguments x (character) a taxonomic name property (character) a property id, e.g., P486 .. -
Information-11-00067-V2.Pdf
information Article Towards Language Service Creation and Customization for Low-Resource Languages Donghui Lin 1,* , Yohei Murakami 2 and Toru Ishida 3 1 Department of Social Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan 2 Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan; [email protected] 3 School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +81-75-753-4959 Received: 1 December 2019; Accepted: 21 January 2020; Published: 27 January 2020 Abstract: The most challenging issue with low-resource languages is the difficulty of obtaining enough language resources. In this paper, we propose a language service framework for low-resource languages that enables the automatic creation and customization of new resources from existing ones. To achieve this goal, we first introduce a service-oriented language infrastructure, the Language Grid; it realizes new language services by supporting the sharing and combining of language resources. We then show the applicability of the Language Grid to low-resource languages. Furthermore, we describe how we can now realize the automation and customization of language services. Finally, we illustrate our design concept by detailing a case study of automating and customizing bilingual dictionary induction for low-resource Turkic languages and Indonesian ethnic languages. Keywords: low-resource languages; the Language Grid; language resources; language service infrastructure; bilingual dictionary 1. Introduction There are over six thousand languages spoken in the world [1], but the availability of resources for each is extremely imbalanced. As of November 2019, Wikipedia was hosting 51,551,016 articles in 305 languages [2], among which there are only 16 languages that have more than 1,000,000 articles. -
State of the Community.Pdf
State of the community Dariusz Jemielniak, “pundit” (the WMF Trustee) Wikimania 2016 http://tiny.cc/wikimania Wikimedia community logo attribution: Artur Jan Fijałkowski pl.wiki/Commons: WarX, [email protected] [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg State of the community? Wikimedia community logo attribution: Artur Jan Fijałkowski pl.wiki/Commons: WarX, [email protected] [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg I do not know. And I am not sure anyone does Disclaimer User digest presentations are talks which provide an overview of a topic and are meant to be useful to anyone, without any particular background knowledge Read more here: https://wikimania2016.wikimedia.org/wiki/User_digest_presentations [[Wikimedia projects]] From https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Our_projects ● Thus 16 different projects* ● 11 of them are content projects (Wikipedia, Wikibooks, Wikiversity, Wikinews, Wiktionary, Wikisource, Wikiquote, Wikivoyage, Wikimedia Commons, Wikidata, Wikispecies) ● 8 of them can be in different languages... *A full listing of Wikimedia projects is available here: https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Special:SiteMatrix ● Wikipedias exist in almost 300 different languages... ○ But only around 100 of them are active and mature enough to be useful as encyclopedias *A list of Wikipedias is available here: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias Structure ● A core element and basis is Volunteers -
Parallel Creation of Gigaword Corpora for Medium Density Languages – an Interim Report
Parallel creation of gigaword corpora for medium density languages – an interim report Peter´ Halacsy,´ Andras´ Kornai, Peter´ Nemeth,´ Daniel´ Varga Budapest University of Technology Media Research Center H-1111 Budapest Stoczek u 2 {hp,kornai,pnemeth,daniel}@mokk.bme.hu Abstract For increased speed in developing gigaword language resources for medium resource density languages we integrated several FOSS tools in the HUN* toolkit. While the speed and efficiency of the resulting pipeline has surpassed our expectations, our experience in developing LDC-style resource packages for Uzbek and Kurdish makes clear that neither the data collection nor the subsequent processing stages can be fully automated. 1. Introduction pages (http://technorati.com/weblog/2007/ So far only a select few languages have been fully in- 04/328.html, April 2007) as a proxy for widely tegrated in the bloodstream of modern communications, available material. While the picture is somewhat distorted commerce, research, and education. Most research, devel- by artificial languages (Esperanto, Volapuk,¨ Basic En- opment, and even the language- and area-specific profes- glish) which have enthusiastic wikipedia communities but sional societies in computational linguistics (CL), natural relatively few webpages elsewhere, and by regional lan- language processing (NLP), and information retrieval (IR), guages in the European Union (Catalan, Galician, Basque, target English, the FIGS languages (French, Italian, Ger- Luxembourgish, Breton, Welsh, Lombard, Piedmontese, man, Spanish),