An Analysis of Speech Disfluency on the Ellen Degeneres Show
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AN ANALYSIS OF SPEECH DISFLUENCY ON THE ELLEN DEGENERES SHOW A THESIS BY SUCI AZLINA REG. NO.120705039 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2016 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA AN ANALYSIS OF SPEECH DISFLUENCY ON THE ELLEN DEGENERES SHOW A THESIS BY SUCI AZLINA REG. NO. 120705039 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2016 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA AN ANALYSIS OF SPEECH DISFLUENCY ON THE ELLEN DEGENERES SHOW A THESIS BY SUCI AZLINA REG. NO. 120705039 SUPERVISOR CO-SUPERVISOR Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S. Drs. Bahagia Tarigan, M.A. NIP. 195411171980031002 NIP. 195810171986011000 Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra From Department English. DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2016 i UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination. Head, Secretary, Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S. Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A., Ph.D NIP. 19541117198003 1 002 NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002 ii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan. The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara on 29 June 2016 Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S. NIP. 19600805 198703 1 001 Board of Examiners Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S. ___________________ Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A. Ph.D. ___________________ Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, SH., M.A ___________________ Dr. Deliana, M. Hum ___________________ iii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I, SUCI AZLINA, DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR A WARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION. Signed : Date : June 29th, 2016 iv UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA COPYRIGHT DECLARATION NAME : SUCI AZLINA TITLE OF THESIS : AN ANALYSIS OF SPEECH DISFLUENCY ON THE ELLEN DEGENERES SHOW QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA SASTRA DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA. Signed : Date : June 29th, 2016 v UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ACKNOWLEDGMENT First of all, I would like to thank Allah SWT, for His compassion and blessing given to me to finish this thesis. Salawat and salam to the Prophet Muhammad SAW, along with his family and his companions. My very special gratitude is for my beloved parents, my father, the best man I ever had who always care for me and motivate me in writing this thesis and my mother, the best woman who always pray for me and give her support and advice in facing any problem in writing this thesis. I do grateful to Allah SWT for having both of you as my dearest parents. You are the precious persons I have, my inspiration, my biggest spirit in my life. Moreover, I do thank you to my one and only beloved sister, Widya Azlina, who always tease me but also support me in finishing my study. My thankful also goes to my uncles, aunts, cousins, nieces, and all my family who also support me. I always love you. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S. as my supervisor for his kindness, knowledge, patience and motivation for me to write and finish this thesis. Also, I would like to thank Drs. Bahagia Tarigan, M.A., as my co-supervisor for his kindness and knowledge to help me in writing this thesis. My gratitude also goes to the Head and the Secretary of English Department, Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S. and Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A., Ph.D., and all of the lecturers and the staffs of English Department for the facilities and opportunities given to me during my study in this faculty. I also want to thank to my craziest best friends Debora Sihombing, Hazmei Dwita A., Nurul Halimah, Ira Atika Zahra, and Ayu Wulan Dary for always be there vi UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA for me in my up and down, for always cheering me in my sorrow, for always listening to my complaints, for always help me during my academic year. I am very blessed to have you as my best friends. Thank you for your endless support. I want to thank to Tondi Namora, SS. who helps me in writing this thesis. Thank you for your support, motivation, and advice. Moreover, I want to thank to all my friends in English Literature 2012 A. Thank you for a memorable 4 years spent with you. Ridho, Fajar, Ernita, Min, Windi, Rapika, Isti, Fitri, Atih, Wella, Dame, Nia, and many more that I cannot mention one by one who accompany me to complete a university degree. I am really grateful to have everyone supporting me in the process of writing this thesis. Thank you so much for being my power and motivator. Finally, may this thesis be adventegous for the readers, may the grace and love of God be with us all forever. Amin. Medan, June 29th 2016 Suci Azlina Reg. No. 120705039 vii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRACT This thesis entitled “An Analysis of Speech Disfluency on The Ellen DeGeneres Show” is a linguistics study viewed from psycholinguistics. In this thesis the object the writer analyzed is the speech disfluency made by the host and the guest stars on The Ellen DeGeneres Show represented by the transcript of the talk show aired on November, 5th 2015. Disfluency often happens in spontaneous speech. The theory supporting this thesis is a theory proposed by Gleason and Ratner. The analysis is focused on the types of speech disfluency which are silent pause, filled pause, repetition, and false start. The objective of this study are (1) To identify the types of speech disfluency found in the talk show, (2) To find out the dominant type of the speech disfluency, and (3) To find out the causes of speech disfluency made by the speakers on the talk show. This thesis applies qualitative method by Meleong. The steps passed in this analysis are collecting the data by downloading the video of the talk show, transcribing the data by subtitle, identifying the speech disfluency, classifying the speech disfluency, calculating the dominant type of speech disfluency, and concluding the analysis. The result of the analysis is found that the total number of speech disfluency made by the speakers is 195. Filled pauses occur 85 times (43.6%), repetition 61 times (31.3%), silent pause 39 times (20%), and false start 10 times (5.13%). Keywords: Psycholinguistics, Disfluency, Spontaneous Speech viii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRAK Skripsi ini berjudul “An Analysis of Speech Disfluency on The Ellen DeGeneres Show” merupakan sebuah kajian ilmu bahasa dari sudut pandang Psikolinguistik. Dalam skripsi ini objek yang dianalisis adalah ketidakfasihan ujaran yang dilakukan oleh pembawa acara dan bintang tamu pada The Ellen DeGeneres Show yang diwakilkan oleh traskrip talk show tersebut yang disiarkan pada 5 November 2015. Ketidakfasihan berbicara sering terjadi pada saat berbicara spontan. Adapun teori yang mendukung skripsi ini adalah teori yang dikemukakan oleh Gleason and Ratner. Analisis ini difokuskan pada jenis-jenis ketidakfasihan ujaran, yaitu silent pause, filled pause, repetition, and false start. Tujuan dari kajian ini meliputi (1) Untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis ketidakfasihan ujaran yang ditemukan pada talk show tersebut, (2) Untuk menemukan jenis ketidakfsihan ujaran yang paling dominan, dan (3) Untuk menemukan penyebab ketidakfasihan ujaran yang dilakukan oleh pembicara pada talk show tersebut. Skripsi ini menerapkan metode kualitatif dari Meleong. Tahap-tahap yang dilalui dalam penelitian ini adalah mengumpulkan data dengan mendownload video talk show tersebut, mentraskrip data dengan subtitle, mengidentifikasi ketidakfasihan ujaran, mengklasifikasi ketidakfasihan ujaran, menghitung jenisketidakfasihan ujaran yang paling dominan, dan menyimpulkan analisis. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan jumlah ketidakfasihan ujaran yang dilakukan oleh pembicara adalah 195.Filled pause sebanyak 85 kali (43.6%), repetition sebanyak 61 kali (31.3%), silent pause sebanyak 39 kali (20%), dan false start sebanyak 10 kali (5.13%). Kata Kunci: Psikolinguistik, Ketidakfasihan, Berbicara Spontan ix UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA TABLE OF CONTENTS AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ............................................................................... v COPYRIGHT DECLARATION .......................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGMENT ...................................................................................... vi ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ viii ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................. xi TABLE