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Better Performance Through a Disk/Persistent-RAM Hybrid Design
The Conquest File System: Better Performance Through a Disk/Persistent-RAM Hybrid Design AN-I ANDY WANG Florida State University GEOFF KUENNING Harvey Mudd College PETER REIHER, GERALD POPEK University of California, Los Angeles ________________________________________________________________________ Modern file systems assume the use of disk, a system-wide performance bottleneck for over a decade. Current disk caching and RAM file systems either impose high overhead to access memory content or fail to provide mechanisms to achieve data persistence across reboots. The Conquest file system is based on the observation that memory is becoming inexpensive, which enables all file system services to be delivered from memory, except providing large storage capacity. Unlike caching, Conquest uses memory with battery backup as persistent storage, and provides specialized and separate data paths to memory and disk. Therefore, the memory data path contains no disk-related complexity. The disk data path consists of only optimizations for the specialized disk usage pattern. Compared to a memory-based file system, Conquest incurs little performance overhead. Compared to several disk-based file systems, Conquest achieves 1.3x to 19x faster memory performance, and 1.4x to 2.0x faster performance when exercising both memory and disk. Conquest realizes most of the benefits of persistent RAM at a fraction of the cost of a RAM-only solution. Conquest also demonstrates that disk-related optimizations impose high overheads for accessing memory content in a memory-rich environment. Categories and Subject Descriptors: D.4.2 [Operating Systems]: Storage Management—Storage Hierarchies; D.4.3 [Operating Systems]: File System Management—Access Methods and Directory Structures; D.4.8 [Operating Systems]: Performance—Measurements General Terms: Design, Experimentation, Measurement, and Performance Additional Key Words and Phrases: Persistent RAM, File Systems, Storage Management, and Performance Measurement ________________________________________________________________________ 1. -
Amigan Software
tali ► an Amiga Februar y 97 Issue No 3 Gaz te rip $3 Who said that there are no Amiga dealers left? Hardware Amiga A1200 HD, Amiga A4000 Cobra 33 68030 33, Mhz Cobra 33+ with 68882, Cobra 40 68EC030 40 Mhz, Cobra40+ with 68882, Ferret SCSI card for Cobra 1202 32 bit rami- clock, 1202+ with 16 or 33 Mhz 68882, Squirrel SCSI, Surf Squirrel SCSI plus RS@232, 2 Mb PCMCIA Ram A1200/A600, Spitfire SCSI A2000/3000/4000, Rapidfire SCSI + RAM A2000, Wildfire A2000 68060+ram+SCSI F/W+network, Megachip, 2Mb chip ram A500/A2000, Securekey Security card for A2000/3000/4000, Picasso Graphics cards, SCSI and IDE Hard drives. Accessories Green Mouse -320 DPI with pad, Hypermouse I1 400 DPI with pad, Pen mouse - super small, Joysticks, from Quickshot and Rocfire, GI 105 hand- scanner with touchup 4 and OCR Jr, Colourburst colour hand scanner with ADPRO loader & OCR Jr, Master 3A 880 K External Floppy drives, Rocgen Plus genlock, Electronic Design Genlocks and TBC, Neriki Genlocks Syquest EzDrives, External SCSI Cases with A500/A600/A1200 power lead included & CD, or hard drive option, A1200 3.5 IDE Kits, Monitor adaptors, ROM Switches, Air Freight Magazines with CD. Plus Much more Available. Software Over 70 titles in stock including games, productivity, CD rom titles, and Utilities, all at competative prices. Servicing We have a fully equiped workshop, and our techs have a total of over 50 Man years of experience as technicians in the computer industry. We do repairs and upgrades including specialist work. The Complete Amiga specialist. -
AMD Radeon™ Ramdisk User's Manual And
AMD Radeon™ RAMDisk User's Manual and FAQ Revision Tracker Revision Number Software Version Description Revision Date 04 V4.0.0 Initial Release October 2012 05 V4.1.x Version 4.1.x Update March 2013 06 V4.2.x Version 4.2.x Update June 2013 07 V4.3.x Version 4.3.x Update October 2013 08 V4.4.x Version 4.4.x Update December 2013 1 2 Table of Contents 1. Introduction to RAMDISK .......................................................................................................................... 5 What is RAMDisk? .................................................................................................................................... 5 How does it work? ..................................................................................................................................... 5 What is the benefit? .................................................................................................................................. 5 2. Screen-by-screen definition of settings .................................................................................................... 7 Menus and Start/Stop Buttons .................................................................................................................. 7 Settings Tab .............................................................................................................................................. 9 Advanced Settings Tab ........................................................................................................................... 15 -
The Cio's Guide to Quantum Computing
THE CIO’S GUIDE TO QUANTUM COMPUTING November 2020 COPYRIGHT ©2020 CBS INTERACTIVE INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. THE CIO’S GUIDE TO QUANTUM COMPUTING TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 Introduction 3 Quantum computers are coming. Get ready for them to change everything 10 Research: Quantum computing will impact the enterprise, despite being misunderstood 12 What is quantum computing? Understanding the how, why and when of quantum computers 23 Quantum computing has arrived, but we still don’t really know what to do with it 26 CIO Jury: How quantum computing will affect the enterprise 28 Quantum computing: Five ways you can get involved 31 Quantum computers could soon reveal all of our secrets. The race is on to stop that happening 36 8 companies leading in quantum computing endeavors in 2020 41 What classic software developers need to know about quantum computing 50 Quantum computing meets cloud computing: D-Wave says its 5,000-qubit system is ready for business 2 COPYRIGHT ©2020 CBS INTERACTIVE INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. THE CIO’S GUIDE TO QUANTUM COMPUTING INTRODUCTION Quantum computers offer great promise for cryptography and optimization problems, and companies like IBM, Google, and D-Wave are racing to make them practical for business use. This special feature from TechRepublic and ZDNet explores what quantum computers will and won’t be able to do and the challenges we still face. QUANTUM COMPUTERS ARE COMING. GET READY FOR THEM TO CHANGE EVERYTHING Quantum computers are not yet creating business value, but CIOs should nonetheless lose no time in getting involved. BY DAPHNE LEPRINCE-RINGUET/ZDNET Supermarket aisles filled with fresh produce are probably not where you would expect to discover some of the first benefits of quantum computing. -
Quantum Computing
QUANTUM COMPUTING U N D E R S T A N D I N G Q U A N T U M C O M P U T I N G T O P R E P A R E F O R T H E U N E X P E C T E D Y R 0 A 2 U R 0 B E 2 F FEBRUARY 2020 Quantum Computing Understanding quantum computing to prepare for the unexpected Intellectual copyright All Cigref publications are made freely available to the general public but remain protected by the applicable laws on intellectual property. QUANTUM COMPUTING Editorial Just a few years ago, quantum computing was a utopian dream. Today, however, it is beginning to take root in people's minds. It promises to replace the law of Gordon Moore, a cofounder of Intel who predicted that computing capacity would double every year...up to the physical limit of the atom. Atoms are the starting point of quantum computing, which uses nanometric (10-9) resources to solve problems that current computers cannot tackle. The fields of application for quantum computing range from encryption, metrology, optimisation, simulation, data analysis and artificial intelligence, using a future 'universal quantum computer'. Led by several key players like Google, IBM, Microsoft and Atos, the emerging quantum computing ecosystem also includes many start-ups (primarily in North America but in France as well) and is growing. While companies are currently undergoing profound transformations to prepare for and adapt to unexpected technological developments, they cannot ignore the quantum revolution that will undoubtedly shake up IT: first sequential, then parallel, computing will become 'co-occurrent'1 and impact programming, algorithms, applications and computer security, resulting in new use cases. -
Quantum in the Cloud: Application Potentials and Research Opportunities
Quantum in the Cloud: Application Potentials and Research Opportunities Frank Leymann a, Johanna Barzen b, Michael Falkenthal c, Daniel Vietz d, Benjamin Weder e and Karoline Wild f Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, University of Stuttgart, Universitätsstr. 38, Stuttgart, Germany Keywords: Cloud Computing, Quantum Computing, Hybrid Applications. Abstract: Quantum computers are becoming real, and they have the inherent potential to significantly impact many application domains. We sketch the basics about programming quantum computers, showing that quantum programs are typically hybrid consisting of a mixture of classical parts and quantum parts. With the advent of quantum computers in the cloud, the cloud is a fine environment for performing quantum programs. The tool chain available for creating and running such programs is sketched. As an exemplary problem we discuss efforts to implement quantum programs that are hardware independent. A use case from machine learning is outlined. Finally, a collaborative platform for solving problems with quantum computers that is currently under construction is presented. 1 INTRODUCTION Because of this, the overall algorithms are often hybrid. They perform parts on a quantum computer, Quantum computing advanced up to a state that urges other parts on a classical computer. Each part attention to the software community: problems that performed on a quantum computer is fast enough to are hard to solve based on classical (hardware and produce reliable results. The parts executed on a software) technology become tractable in the next classical computer analyze the results, compute new couple of years (National Academies, 2019). parameters for the quantum parts, and pass them on Quantum computers are offered for commercial use to a quantum part. -
Field Upgrade Instruction Guide (V2.X to V3.3) Revision 2 6/21/2004
Field Upgrade Instruction Guide (v2.x to v3.3) Revision 2 6/21/2004 FFiieelldd UUppggrraaddee IInnssttrruuccttiioonn GGuuiiddee (v2.x to v3.3) Revision 2 6/21/2004 Table of Contents Section 1: DocSTAR v3.3 Requirements & Installation CD ........................................ 3 Section 2: DocSTAR v3.3 Field Upgrade Kits (v2.x to v3.3)........................................ 5 Installation Procedure .................................................................................................... 7 Appendix A: DocSTAR Approved Scanner List......................................................... 13 Appendix B: ISIS Scanner Drivers found on the DocSTAR v3.3 CD........................ 16 Appendix C: Creating Windows 2000 Setup Boot Disks........................................... 17 Appendix D: Installing Windows 2000 Professional.................................................. 18 Appendix E: Installing Windows 2000 Server ............................................................ 23 Appendix F: Installing SQL Server 2000 (New Install)............................................... 28 Appendix G: Installing SQL Server 2000 (Upgrading an existing MSDE/SQL Server Database)....................................................................................................................... 31 DocSTAR Field Upgrade Instruction Guide – v2.x to v3.3 Section 1: DocSTAR v3.3 Requirements & Installation CD ) This section will familiarize you with the minimum requirements to upgrade to DocSTAR v3.3 Software and the contents of the DocSTAR -
The 449Th International Symposium on Therapy
ISSN0535-1405 No. 506 July 31, 2021 Published by International Medical Society of Japan, Chairman, Board of Directors: Kenichi Ishibashi, MD, PhD Editors: K. Ito, MD, PhD, T. Kondo, MD, PhD, K. Ichihashi, MD, PhD, T. Murakami, PhD, R.Nagai, MD, PhD, I. Taniguchi, MD, PhD, and T. Yamazaki, MD, PhD 3F MK Sangenjaya Building, 1-15-3 Kamiuma, Setagaya-ku,Tokyo154-0011,Japan. TEL 03(5486)0601 FAX 03(5486)0599 E-mail: [email protected] https://www.imsj.or.jp/ The 449th International Symposium on Therapy The 449th International Symposium on Therapy was systems and infrastructure, and Dr. Yamamoto has held by the Zoom Webinar on May 27, 2021. Dr. Taro been involved in developing human resources Kondo, Managing Director of the International related to medical care and management for the Medical Society of Japan (IMSJ), presided over the past 10 years. meeting. I had them in mind while planning this meeting, and I wanted to hear about their recent activities, so I Utilization of ICT and AI in healthcare invited them. I am happy and excited for the opportunity to listen their lectures together with all Introductory Message from the Chair of you. Taro Kondo, MD, PhD LectureⅠ Managing Director, IMSJ Health-tech innovation for making our This time, the theme of the meeting is the "Utilization healthcare and society sustainable of ICT and AI in healthcare". We would like to think Yohsuke Takasaki, MD, PhD, ScM, MPA about the future of healthcare. President In the first part, each person from London and Tokyo Institute for Sustainable Society (ISS) will give a lecture. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,862,870 B2 Reddy Et Al
USOO886287OB2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,862,870 B2 Reddy et al. (45) Date of Patent: Oct. 14, 2014 (54) SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR USPC .......... 713/152–154, 168, 170; 709/223, 224, MULTI-LEVELTAGGING OF ENCRYPTED 709/225 ITEMIS FOR ADDITIONAL SECURITY AND See application file for complete search history. EFFICIENT ENCRYPTED ITEM (56) References Cited DETERMINATION U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS (75) Inventors: Anoop Reddy, Santa Clara, CA (US); 5,867,494 A 2/1999 Krishnaswamy et al. Craig Anderson, Santa Clara, CA (US) 5,909,559 A 6, 1999 SO (73) Assignee: Citrix Systems, Inc., Fort Lauderdale, (Continued) FL (US) FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this patent is extended or adjusted under 35 CN 1478348 A 2, 2004 U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. EP 1422.907 A2 5, 2004 (Continued) (21) Appl. No.: 13/337.735 OTHER PUBLICATIONS (22) Filed: Dec. 27, 2011 Australian Examination Report on 200728.1083 dated Nov.30, 2010. (65) Prior Publication Data (Continued) US 2012/O17387OA1 Jul. 5, 2012 Primary Examiner — Abu Sholeman (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Foley & Lardner LLP: Related U.S. Application Data Christopher J. McKenna (60) Provisional application No. 61/428,138, filed on Dec. (57) ABSTRACT 29, 2010. The present disclosure is directed towards systems and meth ods for performing multi-level tagging of encrypted items for (51) Int. Cl. additional security and efficient encrypted item determina H04L 9M32 (2006.01) tion. A device intercepts a message from a server to a client, H04L 2L/00 (2006.01) parses the message and identifies a cookie. -
The Quadrics Network (Qsnet): High-Performance Clustering Technology
Proceedings of the 9th IEEE Hot Interconnects (HotI'01), Palo Alto, California, August 2001. The Quadrics Network (QsNet): High-Performance Clustering Technology Fabrizio Petrini, Wu-chun Feng, Adolfy Hoisie, Salvador Coll, and Eitan Frachtenberg Computer & Computational Sciences Division Los Alamos National Laboratory ¡ fabrizio,feng,hoisie,scoll,eitanf ¢ @lanl.gov Abstract tegration into large-scale systems. While GigE resides at the low end of the performance spectrum, it provides a low-cost The Quadrics interconnection network (QsNet) con- solution. GigaNet, GSN, Myrinet, and SCI add programma- tributes two novel innovations to the field of high- bility and performance by providing communication proces- performance interconnects: (1) integration of the virtual- sors on the network interface cards and implementing differ- address spaces of individual nodes into a single, global, ent types of user-level communication protocols. virtual-address space and (2) network fault tolerance via The Quadrics network (QsNet) surpasses the above inter- link-level and end-to-end protocols that can detect faults connects in functionality by including a novel approach to and automatically re-transmit packets. QsNet achieves these integrate the local virtual memory of a node into a globally feats by extending the native operating system in the nodes shared, virtual-memory space; a programmable processor in with a network operating system and specialized hardware the network interface that allows the implementation of intel- support in the network interface. As these and other impor- ligent communication protocols; and an integrated approach tant features of QsNet can be found in the InfiniBand speci- to network fault detection and fault tolerance. Consequently, fication, QsNet can be viewed as a precursor to InfiniBand. -
High Performance Network and Channel-Based Storage
High Performance Network and Channel-Based Storage Randy H. Katz Report No. UCB/CSD 91/650 September 1991 Computer Science Division (EECS) University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, California 94720 (NASA-CR-189965) HIGH PERFORMANCE NETWORK N92-19260 AND CHANNEL-BASED STORAGE (California Univ.) 42 p CSCL 098 Unclas G3/60 0073846 High Performance Network and Channel-Based Storage Randy H. Katz Computer Science Division Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley, California 94720 Abstract: In the traditional mainframe-centered view of a computer system, storage devices are coupled to the system through complex hardware subsystems called I/O channels. With the dramatic shift towards workstation-based com- puting, and its associated client/server model of computation, storage facilities are now found attached to file servers and distributed throughout the network. In this paper, we discuss the underlying technology trends that are leading to high performance network-based storage, namely advances in networks, storage devices, and I/O controller and server architectures. We review several commercial systems and research prototypes that are leading to a new approach to high performance computing based on network-attached storage. Key Words and Phrases: High Performance Computing, Computer Networks, File and Storage Servers, Secondary and Tertiary Storage Device 1. Introduction The traditional mainframe-centered model of computing can be characterized by small numbers of large-scale mainframe computers, with shared storage devices attached via I/O channel hard- ware. Today, we are experiencing a major paradigm shift away from centralized mainframes to a distributed model of computation based on workstations and file servers connected via high per- formance networks. -
HIPPI Developments for CERN Experiments A
VERSION OF: 5-Feb-98 10:15 HIPPI Developments for CERN experiments A. van Praag ,T. Anguelov, R.A. McLaren, H.C. van der Bij, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. J. Bovier, P. Cristin Creative Electronic Systems, Geneva, Switzerland. M. Haben, P. Jovanovic, I. Kenyon, R. Staley University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K. D. Cunningham, G. Watson Hewlett Packard Laboratories, Bristol, U.K. B. Green, J. Strong Royal Hollaway and Bedford New College, U.K. Abstract HIPPI Standard, fast, simple, inexpensive; is this not a contradiction in terms? The High-Performance Parallel We have decided to use the High Performance Parallel Interface (HIPPI) is a new proposed ANSI standard, using a Interface (HIPPI) to implement these links. The HIPPI minimal protocol and providing 100 Mbyte/sec transfers over specification was started in the Los Alamos laboratory in distances up to 25 m. Equipment using this standard is 1989 and is now a proposed ANSI standard (X3T9/88-127, offered by a growing number of computer manufacturers. A X3T9.3/88-23, HIPPI PH) [1,2]. This standard allows commercially available HIPPI chipset allows low cost 100 Mbyte/sec synchronous data transfers between a "Source" implementations. In this article a brief technical introduction and a "Destination". Seen from the lowest level upwards the to the HIPPI will be given, followed by examples of planned HIPPI specification proposes a logical framing hierarchy applications in High Energy Physics experiments including where the smallest unit of data to be transferred, called a the present developments involving CERN: a detector "burst" has a standard size of 256 words of 32 bit or optional emulator, a risc processor based VME connection, a long 64 bit (Fig.