DOCUMENT RESUME

ED 440 860 SE 063 505

AUTHOR George, Nicholas; George, Carol Neufeld TITLE The Center for Electronic Imaging Systems: Imaging in the Information Age. PUB DATE 1998-08-00 NOTE 8p.; Presented at the International Conference on Engineering Education (ICEE-98)(Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, August 17-20, 1998). PUB TYPE Reports - Descriptive (141) -- Speeches/Meeting Papers (150) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Educational Technology; *Electronic Equipment; Higher Education; *Information Systems; Science Education; Technology Education; *Visual Aids

ABSTRACT With the dawning of the Information Age and the era of global competitiveness, new demands have been brought to universities to find ways of conducting basic research, of educating engineering students, and of interacting with government and industry. This. paper describes an initiative that was created in Rochester, New York, an impOrtant center of imaging and image science for more than a century. The guiding vision of this Center for Electronic Imaging Systems (CEIS) is to establish and maintain a leading national center for all phases of electronic imaging systems and for the education of world-class scholars to lead imaging science into the 21st century. The paper describes the fundamental principles upon which the CEIS was founded, the management structure of the Center, new approaches to engineering education within the Center, and the emphasis on research and technology transfer. The hallmark Research Triplet concept is described as are main research themes and interactions. (Contains 19 references.) (Author/ASK)

Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. The Center for Electronic Imaging Systems: Imaging in the Information Age

Nicholas George * Carol Neufeld George * University of Rochester Rochester, New York 14627 USA [email protected]

Abstract - With the dawning of the Information Age approaches tobasic research and collaboration with and the era of global competitiveness, new demands industry that maximize results from the expenditure of have been brought touniversitiesto find ways of researchdollars;involveuniversity,industryand conducting basic research, of educating engineeringgovernment in a cooperative and productive alliance; students, and of interactingwith government and speed thetechnologytransferprocesstoincrease industry. In this paper we describe an initiative thateconomic competitiveness; ensure the relevance of work was created in Rochester, New York, an important done; and to educate the "best and brightest" to become center of imaging and image science for more than a the scientists who carry the information age forward. century.Theguidingvisionof thisCenter forThe university must expand itstraditionalrole as Electronic Imaging Systems (CEIS) is to establish and provider of talent to industry and become a more active maintain a leading national center for all phases of partner in technology transfer and economic growth.[2,3] electronic imaging systems and for the education ofTechnology transfer, the movement of technology from world-class scholars to lead imaging science into thewhere it is generated to where itis used [4],is an 21st century. We describe the fundamental principles evolving concept. The nation's universities have long upon which the CEIS was founded, the management engaged in basic research, and the nation's corporations structure of the Center, new approaches to engineering have lookedwithinthatbodyof worktofind education within the Center, and the emphasis on information they can use. But with resources declining research and technology transfer. Thehallmark and the need for societal relevance, the results required Research Triplet concept isdescribed as are main from technology transfer have increased and broadened. research themes and interactions. "As a process, technology transfer suffers the burden of great expectations."[5] New trends are evolving in education and in Introduction university/industry relations and young scholars need education, encouragement, and a smoother transition The information age has developed from society's need into industrial research. In an effort to answer these communication,documentation,and forimproved challenges, CEIS was formed. The Centerisa entertainment. Today the field of electronic imaging isconsortium merging the University of Rochester and the emerging from this age as the brightest prospect for Rochester Institute of Technology with industry partners remarkable technological advances and for substantial including Eastman Kodak and Xerox Corporation and economic growth through improved global major funding agencies such as the National Science competitiveness in an ever more decentralized world. Foundation and the New York StateScience and During the next two decades thefield of electronic Technology Foundation, Fig. 1. imaging willundergo a continuation of remarkable evolution and growth. Both in technology and in productsforthemarketplace,theimportanceof PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND electronicimagingaspartofthe information DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS superhighway cannot be overemphasized.In Being EEN GRANTED BY Digital Nicholas Negroponte, the visionary director of MIT's MediaLab,statesthat"Theinformation superhighway may be mostly hype today, but it is an understatement about tomorrow. It willexist beyond people's wildest predictions."[1] Universities, TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES corporations, and government must begin now to adapt INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) to the inevitable changes being experienced today and 1 expected in far greater measure in the near future. In light of this new technological, scientific and economic environment, the challenge for universities U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION and corporations in the United States is to find new Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) TThj 4ocument has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality.

Points of view or opinions stated in this 2 document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. BEST COPY AVAILABLE business, and science schools toeducate the future CENTER FOR ELECTRONIC IMAGING SYSTEMS leaders in the field of electronic imaging. UNIVERSITY ROCHESTER OF INertrurEoF ROCHESTER TECHNOLOGY NATIONAL RESOURCE The Technology IN IMAGING ELECTRONIC IMAGING SYSTEMS The field of electronic imaging is a rapidly emerging ARC, INC. XEROX AMERITHERM discipline involved in the capture and recording of an IN THE EASTMAN KODAK BLACKBURN GROUP IMATION (FROM 3M) CIDTEC image as well as in the storage, coding, enhancement, HARRIS CORPORA1101. GERMANOW.SIMON retrieval and reproduction of images. It includes the RF COMMUNICATIONS LORAL INFRAREDS IMAGING INFORMATION CORNING LUCID TECHNOLOGIES areas of telecommunications, distribution, printing, and ARO S NVESD PARLEC, INC. TEC ROCHESTER PHOTONICS display. Among the academic disciplines in this field NYSSTF SYS INTEGRATION are imaging science, photonics, electrical engineering, AGE NSF TARGET VISION HIGH TECH OF ROCHESTER computer science, and solid state physics. Advances in PLANNED EXPANSION these fields willlead to important new systemsfor factory automation, communications, office automation, consumer imaging, medical diagnostics, and defense. Figure I. The Center for Electronic Imaging Systems With the arrival and continuing growth of the is composed of a number of university, industry, and information age it is clear that the field of electronic government partners. Current members are shown.. imaging is a bright prospect economically and a most challenging topic technologically. Therefore electronic Beginning in the late 1980s, a group of Rochester area imaging was chosen to be the focal point of our attempt technical leaders from industry and academia beganto create a new and more productive way of linking discussions of possible cooperative efforts in science and university research with the sources of government engineering. The vision of this informal group, which funding and the needs of national industry. became known as the Rochester Imaging Consortium, was to establish in this geographical area a world class center for electronic imaging. The concept was to build Vision Statement on the strong historical foundation of imaging expertise in the region, and to establish a basis for leadership in The guiding vision for the Center for Electronic Imaging this economically important, emerging field. One of the Systems is to establish and maintain a leading national first tangible outcomes from the Rochester Imagingcenter for allphases of electronic imaging systems Consortium was the successful proposal for emphasizing pre-competitive, high-payoff research and establishment of an S/IUCRC in Electronic Imagingthe education of world-class scholars to lead imaging Systems. TheUniversityof Rochester andthe science into the 21st century. Rochester Institute of Technology were selected by the National Science Foundation in 1992 to establish this Creating A New Alliance academic center of excellence based on a policy of strong interactions with industrial partners including initiallyThe basis for this new alliance was formed in1987 Eastman Kodak, Xerox, Harris/RF Communications when The Institute of Optics of the University of and 3M Company. Since1992asa continued Rochester was designated a Center-of-Excellence under realization of the vision of theRochester Imaging the U.S. Army University Research Initiative (ARO- Consortium, CEIS was formed to include a Center for URI) Program [6]. Block funding for the ARO-URI Advanced Technology in Electronic Imaging Systems Center was awarded to the University of Rochester as a (CAT-EIS) sponsored by the New York State Science resultof aproposalcompetitionwith43other and Technology Foundation as well as the S/IUCRC universities. The strategic plan was drawn around and other related activities.The CEIS organizationrelating the basic research effort of the entire faculty of provides powerful leveraging of its member components The Institute of Optics [7] to important central thrusts through business support,outreach, and technology in optoelectronics. The close knit optics faculty already transfer activities.The continuing role of CEISis formed an exceptionally strong team ideally suited for a threefold: 1) contribution of basic research with anprogram that was designed "for the faculty by the emphasis on relevance, 2) contributions to an integrated faculty."Funding established the Center for Opto- educational program, and 3) contributions to industrial ElectronicSystemsResearchwhichfocusedon and economic growth. The University of Rochester and contributing basic scientific knowledge in signal and theRochester Instituteof Technology have madeimage processing and photonics and on conducting impressive strides toward the establishment of the CEIS significant technologyinteractionswithdesignated as a leading academic research center. CEIS continues Army laboratories. This URI initiative also contained a tostress development of educational programs that far-sighted fellowship program ($1 million per year) for include innovative strategic alliances with engineering, attracting and educating the most promising young scholarsinoptoelectronicstotheUniversityof

BEST COPYAVAILABLE 3 Rochester. Twenty doctoral scholars were funded for in the designation of the Center for Electronic Imaging their entire course of study.After a second review Systems as a center of excellenceinthefieldof process this Center was redesignated untilthe year electronic imaging. In the United States there are more 1997. thanfifteendesignated S/IUCRCCenters. The InthelateeightiesNicholas George and interestedreadercanfindmissionandrationale colleagues from the university and industry statements in an officialbulletinfrom the National communities joined in forming the Rochester Imaging Science Foundation. [9] Consortium. This group included industry leaders from As to the rationale for building an initiative in theEastmanKodak Companyandfrom Xeroxelectronic imaging in Rochester, in remarks at the first Corporation whose vision was (and remains) to continue site visit by the National Science Foundation, Nicholas the Rochester community as a world leader in imaging. George stated: "TheentireRochestertechnical Four people who contributed greatly to the high levelcommunity is unique inits dedication toimaging. vision of the Rochester Imaging Consortium were Gary Tracing at least to George Eastman and the Eastman H. Conners and Edwin P. Przybylowicz, at that time Kodak Company and including a virtual army of leading with Eastman Kodak, Mark B. Myers of Xerox, andengineers and scientistsat a hostof corporations, Rodney Shaw of the Rochester Institute of Technology. Rochestercontinuesto be consistent in this Faculty from the University of Rochester andthe commitment. Certainly one marvels at the teaming of Rochester Institute of Technology embarked upon this Chester Carlson and Joseph Wilson and their efforts to alliance with the goal of building systematically on the build the Xerox Corporation.The flowering of the field of electronic imagingtoproducesignificant, University of Rochester and the Rochester Institute of relevant basic research and to devise some innovative Technologyhas been dueinlargeparttothis management strategies that would work across diverse community spirit for science and technology. So as the university and corporate boundaries toexpedite the InformationAge[10]spawnedmajorinitiatives transfer of technology and foster economic development. throughout the world,it was natural that Rochester [8] At the same time, Professor Rodney Shaw, then wouldstrivetocontributeto 'Imaginginthe Director of the Center for Imaging Science at RIT, was Information Age,' the mantra of the Center for Electronic leading the establishment of the first PhD program in Imaging Systems." the United States devoted to the study of imaging. Sincejointventuresbetweendissimilar For a number of years, leaders in the Rochester organizations often merge people and cultures having industry and university communities and inmajor different expectations and incentives, a framework for Army laboratories had been expressing the need forthis partnership was created that included principles to improved cooperation and interaction and for leveraging encourage and foster a workable, sustainable basis for research and development activities. At a meeting of the cooperation and respect among institutions and among Physics Directorate of the Army Research Office inthe individual participants as well. Rosabeth Kantor's 1989, Dr. Gerald lafrate stressed to Nicholas George andstudy of strategic alliances, When Giants Learn to B.D.Guenther,DirectoroftheAROPhysics Dance [11], describes five requirements for successful Directorate, the need for improved cooperation andconsortia or strategic alliances. These pointsare interaction and for leveraging of ARO-URI research by detailed withrespect totheCenterfor Electronic obtaining support from industrial leaders in electronic Imaging Systems. imaging. 1. Success of the alliance must be important to At the same time other state and federal funding senior management of alltheparticipating agencieshadrecognizedtheneedforimproved organizations. interaction between laboratories, universities, 2. A formal agreement must definethe corporations, and government. The National Science distribution of rewards for all participants. Foundationdeveloped alargenumber of highly 3. Continuing interdependence must exist among successfulcentersinmanyfieldsof science and participants for the life of the consortium. engineering. [9] Of particular interest to the Rochester 4. The consortium must contain a mechanism to Imaging Consortium was the NSF insure that information flows between State/Industry/University Cooperative Research Center participants. (S/IUCRC)program. InthisprogramCenter 5. There must be occasions for participants to get designationrequiresmajor fundingparticipation together informally to build trust. committed for a period of four years by industry (a minimum of four corporations), the New York State Science and Technology Foundation (NYSSTF), and Operation of the Center the Directorate of the National Science Foundation. Management Structure Eastman Kodak Company (Dr. Edwin Przybylowicz) and Xerox Corporation (Dr. Mark Myers) graciously The management structure of the Center isa matrix funded an eighteen-month proposal effort that culminated organizationsincefaculty,doctoralscholars,and

BEST COPYAVAILABLE 4 corporate engineers andscientistsare drawn fromsuccess of CEIS was dueinlargeparttothe separate universities and member corporations. Primary management experience and vision of Drs. Mark Myers, to the philosophy of our organization is a team approachKeith Knox, Steve Bolte, Michael A.Kriss,Gary to management. The Center Director is Dr. Nicholas Bottger, Paul Roetling and Vincent Piarulli. Past IAB George. The Associate Director at the University ofChairDr.Gary Bottgerof Eastman Kodak has Rochester is Dr. Michael A. Kriss who also manages contributed great management skill to our program as the Center for Optoelectronics and Imaging facility at the has current Chair Ms. Mary Ann Dvonch of Xerox. South Campus. Associate Directors at the Rochester Institute of Technology are Dr. Gary H.Conners, University Policy Committee (UPC) Associate Provost for Outreach Programs, and Dr. Ian Gat ley, Director of the Center for Imaging Science at Parallel to the IAB is the University Policy Committee. RIT. Together with other high level administrators of both The management team governs the four major universities,this group provides governance for the Center divisions(Fig.2): research,technology, Center. Members include Vice Provost Gary Conners business,andoutreach. Thosewishingmore and Dean Robert Clark of the Rochester Institute of information on all aspects of the Center are invited to Technology and Dean Thomas J.LeBlanc and Dean visit our award-winning web site at Kevin Parker of the University of Rochester. www.ceis.rochester.edu.

CENTER FOR ELECTRONIC IMAGING SYSTEMS Education MAJOR DIVISIONS

T Education and education outreach are administered R E B 0 directly by the director's office working with outreach E C U U personnel. All of the core university research leaders are S H S T members of the teaching faculty. Typically each faculty E N I R A 0 N E person lectures 3 hours per week during the fall and R L E A spring semesters.This schedule often includes one C 0 S C graduate course and one undergraduate course. Hence, S H G H thereisa built-inintegration of researchintothe Y teaching program.In American research universities RP TIG BIT EIF this is the general pattern, and it has served us well. Generaltrendsofimprovingengineering education and the evolving roles of academia, industry, Fig. 2. Management structure of the Center for and government are reported by President Charles M. Electronic Imaging Systems Vest of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology [15]. In facing the challenge of making our total Specific methods for moving emphasis on problem research and technology transfer output and relevancesolving into undergraduate courses in many fields are greater than the sum of the individuals' output, we have illustrated by Eric Mazur [16] and in the fascinating employed many of the management ideas developed by book "The Fermi Solution," by H.C. von Baeyer [17]. the late W. Edward Deming inhisTotal Quality Management philosophyof action. Ourunique CEIS Undergraduate Efforts Research Triplet concept, described below, stresses a team approach toresearch, coupling university andThe Center for Electronic Imaging Systems (CEIS) corporate scientists in a partnership at all levels in the strives also to diffuse its new findings inelectronic research process. Corporate and government sponsors imaging into the undergraduate curriculum. There are are considered "customers" of CEIS, and customertwo main aspects to this. One is a program funded in satisfaction is a central priority. We also believe, as part by the U.S. National Science Foundation called Deming proposed,thatacreativeenvironmentis "Research for Engineering Undergraduates." Inthis necessary to foster innovation. Our unique facilities, program special fellowship money is provided to fund Special Interest Groups, and workshops were instituted "honors projects" where a senior undergraduate conducts toencourage an open,cooperative, andinteractive researchwithinthelaboratoryenvironmentof a environment for our participants.[12,13,14] professor. Secondly, related efforts are being made by CEIS to start new interdisciplinary courses such as Industrial Advisory Board (LAB) "Image Science," "Digital Video," and "Digital Image Processing" that are specially designed for freshmen and The Industrial Advisory Board is formed of corporate sophomores. managers acting as a corporate board of directors for the A group of graduate students at the University Center. They meet twice yearly and they exert strong of Rochester, including students from the United States management influence at the strategic level. The early

5 BEST COPY AVAILABLE and around the world, was polled regarding the value of relationship may be for the company R & D managers doing research as an undergraduate. Among students toidentify technological areas they want to pursue. from the USA, more than 75 percent had undertaken This is the opposite of the current trend where industry some form of undergraduate research. One said that "It visits universities looking for technology."[19] The was the most valuable and inspiring experience that I second stage consists of a series of workshops offered to have had as an undergraduate." our industrialpartners during which faculty present Theimportance of undergraduateresearch research findings and areas of continuing interest which experience cannot be over emphasized. To illustrate are relevant to the predetermined target areas. The third this point, we report further on the opinions registered stage consists of setting up working research visits by the graduate student group. The following remarks where faculty,postdoctoralscholars,anddoctoral are paraphrased slightly from their comments. "While candidates spend considerableworking timeat a coursework isobviously of key importance,itis partner's laboratory toaccomplish meaningful joint independent research which shapes the raw facts into research. usable tools. A degree is of questionable merit if a student graduates without the resources to apply the Research Triplets knowledge he or she hasgained. Itisresearch experience that serves to smooth the transition from the A key element in our technology transfer program is the `cookbook'natureof studentlabstothemore direct involvement of industrial scientists and engineers demanding realm of professional research. To meet his in the research effort, the third of the stages described goal, a successful program for undergraduate independent above. This linking of people from industry and research will meet the following four criteria:1) it will university into a cohesive team is the uniqueResearch complement the student's academic education; 2) it will Tripletconcept which has become a hallmark of CEIS. bring the student into contact with professionals in his "If technology is to be transferred to the benefit of both or her chosen field; 3) it will help the student define institutions [industry and university],they must be career goals; and 4)itwillaffirm the value of the inextricably entwined into a system wherein each can student's undergraduate education. By incorporating function independently, but function together for full these four features an undergraduate research program technology transfer effectiveness, each supporting the will greatly smooth the student's transition from the other in an effective feedback system."[4] Each triplet undergraduate to the professional level. During the consists of a faculty investigator, a postdoctoral scholar course of designing,implementing, andanalyzing (or research fellow), and an engineering/scientist from a original work, the student will hone reasoning abilities, member corporation, all working together on a particular develop communication skills, and gain a clearer career research topic determined as described above, Fig.3. focus. By completing the project, the student will be Since it is our belief that technology is transferred by rewarded withbothself-confidence and astronger people, not paper, Research Triplet groups hold frequent resume. It is clear that research experience combined sessions to pursue their chosen line of research.At withclassroomschoolinggivesthe studentthe weekly or biweekly meetings,the Research Triplet resources needed to apply education to a wide range of group meets to review work accomplished, trade ideas, problems. Without it, the student has received only and direct the activities of the postdoctoral fellow for the half an education." next working period. To date over 30 of these research triplets have been established in 9 research theme areas of electronic imaging (themes and triplets are described Research below), and others are in the formation process. The formation and linking of Research Triplets Stimulated by federal and state programs, universities areplayingasignificantrolein increasingthe competitiveness of American industry through the more A NEW MODE FOR COOPERATIVE RESEARCH rapid transfer oftechnology among university, industrial, and defense sectors. "Competitiveness would INDUSTRY PRINCIPAL benefit greatly from a national program aimed at greatly increasing the flow of university faculty and industrial scientists and engineers inand out of each other's THEMES institutions."[18] With this philosophy in mind, we STRATEGIC PLANNING have found that a three-stage process works best for our COMMUNITY OUTREACH technology transfer efforts. The first stage consists a series of meetings to meld Center research areas with the realistic needs of the various corporate laboratories as determined bycorporateresearchersandscientific INDUSTRY UNIVERSITY GOVERNMENT administrators. "The first step in enabling universities and companies to overcome problems in a productive

6 BEST COPY AVAILABLE Figure 3. A new mode for cooperative research, the In the establishment of the major thrusts of the research Research Tripletcouples a facultyprincipal,an program, the faculty founders worked closely with the industrial principal, and a post doctoral or PhD fellow Industrial Advisory Board and important guidelines as working on a topic of mutual interest in one of 9 theme to project selection were established. Careful fit to the areas. programs of our corporate sponsors was planned and maintained. From the corporate point of view, the high-

INDUSTRIAL Sou, Smote. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER level consideration is to align the core research with Hoo TECH/KNOW Of RAN ADVISORY ROCHESTER Baum strategic topics called themes. These themes or systems CENTER DIRECTOR goalswere established(in1992)andadditions,

FACULTY TEAM deletions, or changes require the approval of the IAB.

STAR ENGINEER The Center Director and management team are careful that funded projects "fit" and are appropriate to the selected themes. The faculty and corporate engineering scientists cooperate in the origin and selection of specific E4479441 TE H HARRIS TRANSFER ROOM projects. The current themes which form the basis for

01 FAC 1 CHAPMAN our S/IUCRC core research program have been in place from the inception of the Center, with the exception of FAC 2 =TEC 02 Optomechatronics which was added in1994. The FAC 3 03 OPEN current themes are described as follows: 1. rA._ CARNEGIE Electronic Imaging Systems Analysis 04 rA MELLON 2. Sequences of Images 05 FAC 5 MI IBM 3. Image

FAC 6 OE 4. Image Processing 06 5. Color FAC 7 NSFERC 07 6. Imaging Through Turbulence 7. Automatic Pattern Recognition 08 FAC 8 NVESO 8. Visualization & 3-D Display FAC 9 09 ARO 9. Optomechatronics.

TEC 010 It is intended that Themes will have a long DoD XEROX "time constant," typically remaining unchanged for 4 or 5 years. When changes in Themes are made, it will be Fig. 4.Research Triplet teams depend on effective done only in consultation with the Industrial Advisory personal interaction among the researchers involved. Board of CEIS. It is also intended that these themes These interactions cannot be predicted ahead of time, span a broad range of technology, representing the total but develop in a way similar to a neural network. "imaging chain," here referring to all of the subsystems involved in an image information system ranging from depend on effective personal interaction among the image capture to hard copy output or soft display. researchers involved, and maintenance of productive Within each research Theme area, there will be tripletsiscrucial to a successful technology transferseveral Research Projects. Individualprojectsare program. Yet such teams cannot be mandated from intended to have a shorter time constant than the above; they must develop from mutualinterest andThemes, typicallylasting 18months to2years. respect among team members. The activities of these Wherever possible, S/IUCRC Research Projects will be triplets are designed along the lines of a professional conducted in the "Triplet" mode. By definition, this society,and support such asanewsletter,special means that every project will involve three classes of interest group meetings, bimonthly workshops, andparticipants: one or more faculty researchers, one or tutorials are included in the framework to foster a relaxed more industrial researchers, and one or more doctoral or and open environment which leads to a free exchange of post-doctoral fellows. ideas and increasingly better working and personal relationships. As shown in Fig. 4 these interactions are Vision For The Future similartoa neural networkinwhichtheexact connections or weights cannot be predicted ahead of Our visionfortheCenter for Electronic Imaging time; but with proper guidance and a good environment, Systems continues to be to establish and maintain a the elements arrange themselves to provide the desired leading nationalcenterforresearch,industryand output. education in all phases of electronic imaging systems by joining universities with industrial leaders and small Themes businesses. Acting on a belief that the university should become a critical participant in today's changing

BEST COPY AVAILABLE

7 technology and a contributor to local, state and national Institute of Optics,"IEEE Transactions on economic growth, we devised a creative alliance of Education,E-23, May 1980. university, industry, and government that addresses the [8] George, Nicholas, "The Rochester Imaging issuesofglobalcompetitiveness, more efficient Consortium," internal publication, Center for technology transfer, innovative education methods, and Electronic Imaging Systems,Universityof optimized use of research funding within the university. Rochester, 1990. We do not manage or control the creative aspects of [9] National ScienceFoundation,Engineering research; we provide systemsthatsupportcreative Education and Centers Division, research and provide an appropriate atmosphere for "State/Industry/University Cooperative cooperation. The Center is committed to outreach to Research Centers," NSF 94-125, Arlington, industry with interactively planned projects of strategic Va. importance and tonurturingsmalland emerging [10] Brand, S.,The Media Lab: inventing the companies in electronic imaging. The Center continues future at MIT,Viking, New York 1987. tostressdevelopment of graduate-level educational [11] Kantor, R.,When Giants Learn to Dance, programs that include innovative strategic alliances with Simon & Schuster, New York 1990. engineering, business, and science schools to educate [12] Wood, L.V. and McCamey, D. A., the future leaders in the field of electronic imaging. The "Implementing Total Qualityin R & D," Center seeks creative solutions to problems inthe Research & Technology ManagementVol. 36, rapidlychanging arenas ofuniversity research, 1993, pp. 39-41. government and industry sponsorship of research, and [13] Netherton, D., "Total Quality Management," technology transfer to large and small businesses in The Technology Teacher,November 1993, pp. electronic imaging. 4-6. [14] Whittle, S.,Smith, S.,Tranfield, D., and Foster,M., "Implementing TotalQuality," Acknowledgment International Journal of Technology ManagementVol. 7, Nos. 4 & 5, 1992, pp. The authors acknowledge the leadership and guidance in 235-243. the formation of the CEIS of those mentioned herein and [15] Vest,C.,"Stewardsof the FutureThe of Conger W. Gabel, Rodney Shaw, Mark Myers, Evolving Roles of Academia, Industry and Steven Bolte, Michael Shahin, Gary Bottger, Michael Government," Reportofthe President, A.Kriss,and numerous othersintheRochester Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996- community. 97. The text of thisarticleaswellas information on many aspects of MIT are References available at http://web.mit.edu. [16] Mazur, E., "A hypermedia approach towards Antennas and Propagation [1] Negroponte, Nicholas,Being Digital,Alfred teaching physics," Knopf,New York 1995, p. 231. SocietySymposium1991 Digest, IEEE, [2] Allen,T. J., Managing theFlowof London, Ontario, 1991. Technology,The MIT Press, Cambridge, Ma. [17] von Baeyer, H.,The Fermi SolutionEssays 1986. on Science,Random House, New York 1993. Demancescu, D., and Botkin, J.,The New [18] Armstrong, J., "Research and Competitiveness: AllianceAmerica's R & DConsortia, Problems of a New Rationale,"The Bridge Ballinger Publishing Co., Cambridge 1986. Vol. 23, Spring 1993, pp. 3-10. Gee, R. E., "Technology Transfer Effectiveness [19] Solomon, A., "Reconcilable Differences: How in University-Industry Cooperative Research," the TwoCultures ofUniversities and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 1990, Companies Cooperate,"Technology Transfer, pp. 2-5. Fall 1993, pp. 31-33. Reiss, S. M., "US Technology Transfer: Are theExpectations TooGreat?",Optics & Photonics News Vol.3, 1992, pp. 13-19. George,Nicholas, Guenther, B.D., and Piarulli,V.,"ACaseStudy...DualUse Technologies and University Research Interactions,"Army RD & A Bulletin, November-December 1993, pp. 19-23. [7] George, Nicholas and Strand, K. M., "The Teaching of Optics by the Faculty of The

8 BEST COPY AVAILABLE 05/26/2000 14:07 6142920263 ERIC CSMEE PAGE 03

U.S. Department of Education Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI) National Library of Education (NL.E) EPIC Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) REPRODUCTION RELEASE (Specific Document) I. DOCUMENT IDENTIFICATION:

Title: -rhI.&whit t.eecieuptic-1$1,41-ioy ;Ats,-111.-.) 44- 1- ma,-1104

Author(s):M c kt,1e zA Ciekm tignof CoLA0/IVemidd Corporate Source:UniVeAs;ly of ktoc.e1,441 cad e Publication Date: fcc.k.tot.,5, 3goc4 sit...L. 3 mu,ysp4e./ 4427 Prig II. REPRODUCTION RELEASE: In order to disseminate as widely as possible timely and significant materials of Interest to the educational community. documentsannounced in the mammy abstract journal of the ERIC system.Resouices in Education(RIE), are usually made available to users in microfiche, reproduced paper 001V, and electronic media, and sold through the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (MRS). Credit is given to the source of each document,and, If reproduction release is granted. one of the following notices Is affixed to the document.

If permission is granted to reproduce and disseminate theidentifieddocument, please CHECKONEof the following three options and sign at the bottom of the page.

Theundue skatershown eel= will be The sample helm Mem belowwill be Thesample sticker shown beim vai be sabred to on Level 1decomenro ebbed le ell Level2A documents Waved toou LevelZit do:um= PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND PERMISS/ON TO REPRODUCE AND PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL IN DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL IN DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS MICROFICHE. AND IN ELECTRONIC MEDIA MICROFICHE ONLY HAS BEEN GRANTED BY BEEN GRANTED BY FOR ERIC COLLECTION SUBSCRIBERS ONLY. HASBEEN GRANTED BY

,\9

THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES -0 THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES -3THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) NFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)

12A 2B Level 1 Level 2A Level 28

memMrs tar Level I Masse. Remitting reproduce Check hero for Level2A mean,pennitend reproducben Doe&here herLevel 25 *Nepeanillfr111 and dissemination u nereadthe etdim ERIC en:1*W and dissemination In microfiche and In electroilit Melte reproduction slid MISSIT11111100111 011111alleth en* media (e.g.. Met k) andpaper arm for ERIC archival collection subscrIbera cords

Dgossusts will be processed as Iridlostedprovided n000divalori qualitypaned& panntaston to reproduce le pone but nO SOS is checked, documents vole be pnxeSted SI LS1101 1.

I hereby grant to the Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) nonexclusive permission to reproduce and disseminate this document as indicated above. Reproductidn from the ERIC microfiche or electronic media by persons otherthan ERIC employeesand-its system contractors requires permission from die copyright holder. Exception Is made for non-profit reproduction by Wanes andother senrioo Minoru to satisfy infomietion needs of educators in response to discrete Inquiries.

FrivolNarria/PosidadThe: 41\ Sign woe" here,-) please"fiRgurrZive-ti d?--oc-44Sie4 2.* I7 .776 - 244- - 6 524 MO ieesdusrivi- e4.21 A :2