CCICED Update No.1 of 2015
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SOUHRNNÁ TERITORIÁLNÍ INFORMACE Čína
SOUHRNNÁ TERITORIÁLNÍ INFORMACE Čína Souhrnná teritoriální informace Čína Zpracováno a aktualizováno zastupitelským úřadem ČR v Pekingu (Čína) ke dni 13. 8. 2020 3:17 Seznam kapitol souhrnné teritoriální informace: 1. Základní charakteristika teritoria, ekonomický přehled (s.2) 2. Zahraniční obchod a investice (s.15) 3. Vztahy země s EU (s.28) 4. Obchodní a ekonomická spolupráce s ČR (s.30) 5. Mapa oborových příležitostí - perspektivní položky českého exportu (s.39) 6. Základní podmínky pro uplatnění českého zboží na trhu (s.46) 7. Kontakty (s.81) 1/86 http://www.businessinfo.cz/cina © Zastupitelský úřad ČR v Pekingu (Čína) SOUHRNNÁ TERITORIÁLNÍ INFORMACE Čína 1. Základní charakteristika teritoria, ekonomický přehled Podkapitoly: 1.1. Oficiální název státu, složení vlády 1.2. Demografické tendence: Počet obyvatel, průměrný roční přírůstek, demografické složení (vč. národnosti, náboženských skupin) 1.3. Základní makroekonomické ukazatele za posledních 5 let (nominální HDP/obyv., vývoj objemu HDP, míra inflace, míra nezaměstnanosti). Očekávaný vývoj v teritoriu s akcentem na ekonomickou sféru. 1.4. Veřejné finance, státní rozpočet - příjmy, výdaje, saldo za posledních 5 let 1.5. Platební bilance (běžný, kapitálový, finanční účet), devizové rezervy (za posledních 5 let), veřejný dluh vůči HDP, zahraniční zadluženost, dluhová služba 1.6. Bankovní systém (hlavní banky a pojišťovny) 1.7. Daňový systém 1.1 Oficiální název státu, složení vlády Čínská lidová republika (Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo; zkráceně Zhongguo) Úřední jazyk čínština (Putonghua, standardní čínština založená na pekingském dialektu), dále jsou oficiálními jazyky kantonština v provincii Guangdong, mongolština v AO Vnitřní Mongolsko, ujgurština a kyrgyzština v AO Xinjiang, tibetština v AO Xizang (Tibet). Složení vlády • Prezident: Xi Jinping (v úřadu od 14. -
The Richness of Financial Nationalism: the Case of China Eric Helleiner and Hongying Wang
The Richness of Financial Nationalism: The Case of China Eric Helleiner and Hongying Wang Abstract Financial nationalism has received little attention in the literature on Chinese nationalism. Nor has China been a focus of the emerging literature on comparative financial nationalism. This is surprising as financial matters were central to modern Chinese nationalism when it began to take shape in the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries, and financial nationalism remains influential in contemporary China, which has undoubtedly become a major actor in the international financial system today. Our exploration of Chinese financial nationalism seeks to begin to fill this gap in both sets of literature. This article examines three areas of concern shared by Chinese financial nationalists past and present: currency, foreign financial institutions in China, and international borrowing/lending. We find that, as China’s position in the international power hierarchy has evolved, the nature of financial nationalism has changed, from a largely inward and defensive orientation to an increasingly outward orientation. Our study also reveals diverse strands of thinking among Chinese financial nationalists, both now and in the earlier historical era, according to whether they hold a zero-sum or positive-sum conception of international financial relations. The case of China shows the richness of financial nationalism and highlights the importance of a nuanced understanding of this phenomenon. Keywords: financial nationalism, nationalism, China, currency, international finance DOI: 10.5509/2019922211 ____________________ Eric Helleiner is professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Waterloo and the Balsillie School of International Affairs. His most recent book is Governing the World’s Biggest Market: The Politics of Derivatives Regulation after the 2008 Crisis (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018), co-edited with Stefano Pagliari and Irene Spagna. -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
China Data Supplement March 2008 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC ......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 31 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 38 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 54 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 56 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR ................................................................................................................ 58 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR ....................................................................................................................... 65 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 69 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 March 2008 The Main National Leadership of the -
An Analysis of the Public Participation in Environmental Management in the Era of “Internet+”
Philosophy Study, January 2018, Vol. 8, No. 1, 22-28 doi: 10.17265/2159-5313/2018.01.004 D DAVID PUBLISHING An Analysis of the Public Participation in Environmental Management in the Era of “Internet+” Ju Chuanguo Northeastern University In recent years, the application of Internet technology in the public participation in environmental management has been developing continuously in China. From the case of Maoming PX Incident and the case of Chai’s “Under the Dome,” it can be seen that Internet technology has both advantages of promoting the public participation in environmental management and disadvantages of the lacks of normative guidance. Government departments should not only adapt to the “Internet+” era and guide the public use of Internet technology in environment management, but also strengthen the construction of laws and regulations and the construction of institutional mechanisms to standardize concrete links of the public participation in environmental management through the Internet and finally establish a system of the public participation in environmental management in the era of “Internet+.” Keywords: “Internet+,” public participation, environmental management The public participation in environmental management refers to the social behavior that publics participate in government departments’ regulatory and decision about environment through a variety of ways and means in the form of personal status and social organization in order to safeguard their own rights and promote social welfare. In recent years, the development and application of Internet technology have had a significant impact on the concrete practice of the public participation in environmental management in China. On the one hand, Internet technology provides a new way for the public to participate in environmental management, which means they can participate more extensively and deeply in government departments’ decision-making in environmental management through the Internet. -
2018-2019 Annual Report of Pollution Information Transparency Index (PITI)
Achievements of One Decade 2018-2019 Annual Report of Pollution Information Transparency Index (PITI) for 120 Cities Institute of Public and Natural Resources Defense Council Environmental Affairs (IPE) (NRDC) The Institute of Public & Environmental Affairs The Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) is an (IPE) is a registered non-profit environmental international nonprofit environmental organization that research organization based in Beijing. Since its combines the power of more than 3 million members establishment in May 2006, IPE has developed and supporters with the expertise of some 500 lawyers, the Blue Map Database (wwwen.ipe.org.cn), scientists, and other environmental specialists. Since 1970, as well as the Blue Map app, the first Chinese NRDC has worked to protect the world’s natural resources, environmental mobile app to track real-time public health, and environment in countries and regions pollution data, which went live in June 2014. IPE including the United States, China, India, Canada, Mexico, works to promote environmental information Chile, Costa Rica, and the European Union. NRDC is disclosure, public participation, and effective headquartered in New York City and has offices in Beijing; environmental governance strategies. Washington, D.C.; Chicago; Los Angeles; San Francisco and Bozeman, Montana. Authors: Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs (IPE): MA Jun, RUAN Qingyuan, GUO Ye, CHEN Yiting, HE Fanghui, ZHU Huaning, ZHU Li, GUO Huaxin, LI Zhenshan, LI Qingfeng, MA Yingying, DING Shanshan, CHEN Qifeng. Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC): WANG Yan, WU Qi, ZHANG Xiya, YANG Jia, Lena Suponya, Elizabeth Weinlein, QI Bokai English Translation QI Bokai, Elizabeth Weinlein, DING Shanshan, WU Qi, RUAN Qingyuan : Design CHEN Shuangli : Acknowledgement: Thanks to the Alibaba Foundation PROJECT XIN, Ai You Foundation, and SEE Foundation for funding this report. -
FICHA PAÍS China República Popular (De) China
OFICINA DE INFORMACIÓN DIPLOMÁTICA FICHA PAÍS China República Popular (de) China La Oficina de Información Diplomática del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, Unión Europea y Cooperación pone a disposición de los profesionales de los medios de comunicación y del público en general la presente ficha país. La información contenida en esta ficha país es pública y se ha extraído de diversos medios, no defendiendo posición política alguna ni de este Ministerio ni del Gobierno de España respecto del país sobre el que versa. OCTUBRE 2020 los grupos étnicos de usar sus propias lenguas; hay seis lenguas principales China en China, además del Mandarín. Moneda: La moneda oficial de la República Popular China es el Renminbi (RMB), que se traduce como “moneda del pueblo, o Yuan (CNY). Cotización media del euro en 2019, 1 euro/ 7,73. Religión: Las religiones tradicionales de China son el Taoísmo y Budismo; RUSIA el Confucianismo es un sistema de conducta con enorme influencia en la KAZAJISTÁN historia del país. Estimaciones de los practicantes de las distintas creen- cias son difíciles de realizar. No obstante algunos cálculos señalan: Taoísmo MONGOLIA Heilongjlang (aprox. 20 millones); Budismo (aprox. 100 millones); Cristianismo: Católicos Urumchi Mongolia Interior Jilin (aprox. 5 millones), Protestantes, (aprox. 15 millones); Musulmanes: (aprox. KIRGUISTÁN 20 millones). Gansu PEKÍN COREA DEL NORTE Ningxia Hebel Forma de Estado: República. COREA DEL SUR PAKISTÁN Qinghai Presidente: Xi Jinping (desde marzo de 2013). Tibet Henan (Xizang) Vicepresidente: Wang Qishan (desde marzo de 2018). Anhui Sichuan Shanghai Primer Ministro: Li Keqiang (desde marzo de 2013). Zhejiang NEPAL Ministro de Asuntos Exteriores: Wang Yi (desde marzo 2013). -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
China Data Supplement May 2007 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC .......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 42 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 44 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR ................................................................................................................ 45 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR ....................................................................................................................... 52 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 56 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 May 2007 The Main National Leadership of the PRC -
Will Xi Jinping Take the Lead on Climate Change?
Clear waters and green mountains: Will Xi Jinping take Sam Geall November 2017 the lead on climate change? CLEAR WATERS AND GREEN MOUNTAINS: WILL XI JINPING TAKE THE LEAD ON CLIMATE CHANGE? The Lowy Institute is an independent policy think tank. Its mandate ranges across all the dimensions of international policy debate in Australia — economic, political and strategic — and it is not limited to a particular geographic region. Its two core tasks are to: • produce distinctive research and fresh policy options for Australia’s international policy and to contribute to the wider international debate • promote discussion of Australia’s role in the world by providing an accessible and high-quality forum for discussion of Australian international relations through debates, seminars, lectures, dialogues and conferences. Lowy Institute Analyses are short papers analysing recent international trends and events and their policy implications. The views expressed in this paper are entirely the author’s own and not those of the Lowy Institute. CLEAR WATERS AND GREEN MOUNTAINS: WILL XI JINPING TAKE THE LEAD ON CLIMATE CHANGE? EXECUTIVE SUMMARY President Donald Trump, who once called climate change a Chinese hoax, has committed to withdrawing from the UN Paris Agreement on Climate.1 Meanwhile, Chinese President Xi Jinping has doubled down on his support for the UN climate accord and the low-carbon energy transition of his country. With the United States in retreat and Europe divided, can China now take the lead? This Analysis argues it is unlikely China will assume an international leadership position on climate, at least in Xi Jinping’s new term of office. -
Asia Focus #3
PROGRAMME ASIE QUELLE COMPOSITION DU POLITBURO ET DU COMITÉ CENTRAL CHINOIS APRÈS 2017 ? Par Alex PAYETTE STAGIAIRE POSTDOCTORAL CRSH UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTREAL OCTOBRE 2016 Septembre 2016 ASIA FOCUS #3 l’IRIS ASIA FOCUS #3 - PROGRAMME ASIE / Octobre 2016 lors que 2016 se termine et que la campagne anticorruption agressivement menée par la tristement célèbre « jiwei » [纪委] a pris fin, il ne reste que A quelques mois pour finaliser la sélection interne des cadres qui seront appelés à être élus en novembre au Politburo ainsi qu’au Comité central. Cela dit, depuis la fin de 2015, nous avons pu remarquer un certain durcissement, voire même un « repli » de la part de Xi, tant dans son attitude face au pouvoir (p. ex. retour aux idiomes/symboles maoïstes, méfiance ouverte de l’Occident, attitude de plus en plus inflexible en matière de structures internationales, etc.), que dans son attitude envers certains patriarches du Parti, notamment Jiang Zemin (président de la République populaire entre 1993 et 2003) et Hu Jintao (président de 2003 à 2013), ainsi qu’envers les autres forces en présence sur la scène politique chinoise (par exemple la Ligue des jeunesses communistes [共青团]1, la « faction du pétrole » [石油帮]2, la bande Shanghai [ 上海帮], la bande du Jiangxi [江派], etc.). Ce dernier a également resserré son emprise non seulement sur Beijing – par le biais de son proche collaborateur Wang Xiaohong [王 小洪]3-, mais bien aussi sur le pays en entier. Tandis que le temps d’« abattre les tigres » [打虎] et que les déraillements de la jiwei sont encore perceptibles, en particulier dans la province du Hebei4, fort est de constater que l’impact n’est pas celui escompté, sauf dans les cas de Su Shulin [苏树林]5 et Jiang Jiemin [蒋洁敏]6, et qu’il ne sera pas vraiment possible d’évaluer les dégâts de cette campagne avant la formation du Comité central de 2022. -
Ministry Touts Plan to Improve Infrastructure
CHINA DAILY | HONG KONG EDITION Thursday, January 14, 2021 | 5 CHINA Planting fruit helps Healthy after 100 days Late report bring prosperity to of mine Aksu in Xinjiang blast leads By MAO WEIHUA in Urumqi for orchards or fruit companies to discipline and CHEN MEILING regardless of their age, as long as they’re healthy, willing and able to By ZHAO RUIXUE in Jinan Saypidin Yasin said planting and work, said Yang Xiaoyan, an offi- [email protected] selling walnuts has changed his cial of Baicheng’s agriculture and life in the Xinjiang Uygur autono- rural affairs bureau. Those responsible for the late mous region. “For example, 90 percent of the reporting of an explosion at a gold He used to take odd jobs to sup- workers at our potato starch facto- mine under construction in eastern port his family of four in Yalhuz ry are from poor families,” Yang China have been placed under con- Terak village, Aksu prefecture. said. trol, according to a news confer- Despite working hard, his annual “Our fruit business is expand- ence on Wednesday, as rescue income was about 10,000 yuan ing, and the white apricots and teams were racing to save workers ($1,544) — hardly enough to cover grapes are well enjoyed by cus- trapped underground. expenses. tomers. With further development The blast occurred at 2 pm on He learned that many of his of the business, more jobs will be Sunday at the Hushan mine in Qi- neighbors had made big money by created.” xia, under the administration of planting walnuts, and he decided In the past, farmers mainly Yantai city in Shandong province. -
The Environment and Climate Change
THE ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE Findings • During the Commission’s 2020 reporting year, top Chinese Communist Party and government officials continued to high- light the importance of protecting the environment, yet envi- ronmental pollution remained a major challenge in China. Pol- lution remained a challenge due in part to authorities’ top- down approach to environmental problems, uneven enforce- ment, transparency shortcomings, and the suppression and de- tention of environmental researchers and advocates. • The Party continued to control environmental protection ef- forts, and in April 2020, Sun Jinlong was appointed Party Sec- retary and Vice Minister of Ecology and the Environment. Pre- viously, Sun had been Party Secretary of the paramilitary Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. Despite wide- spread international criticism, reports emerged in November 2019 and March 2020 that Chinese authorities were reportedly planning to execute environmental researcher and former Xinjiang University President Tashpolat Teyip. • In 2019, although an estimated 71 percent of China’s power plants were more expensive to run than building new renew- ables, coal-fired power plant capacity increased by around 40 gigawatts (GW) (a 4-percent increase). Analysis of officially re- ported Chinese government data indicated that carbon dioxide emissions in China increased by approximately 2 percent. Do- mestic and international environmental organizations raised concerns that China’s planned economic stimulus measures may promote the use of coal and investment in heavily pol- luting industries, resulting in significant additional environ- mental pollution. • Although Chinese and international concern focused on the zoonotic origin of the novel coronavirus, the Chinese govern- ment continued to permit wildlife trade for traditional Chinese medicine. -
April 22, 2015 Dali L. Yang Professor of Political Science Faculty Director
April 22, 2015 Dali L. Yang Professor of Political Science Faculty Director, Center in Beijing The University of Chicago Testimony before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission China ahead of the 13th Five-Year Plan: Competitiveness and Market I am honored to have this opportunity to join distinguished colleagues and share my thoughts on China’s political economy to the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission. Before I get to the key points of my remarks today, I’d like to note that the development and dynamics of China’s political economy have been the major preoccupation of my academic research career. I started by examining the mechanisms and forces that shaped China’s rural reforms from the 1950s to the 1980s as well as the competitive dynamics for regional diversification and development. In the last decade I’ve been especially interested in issues of China’s institutional reforms, regulation, governance, and state-society relations. It is obvious today that the future direction of Chinese development is among a small number of the most fundamental questions concerning the future of humankind and I commend the Commission’s role in helping to better understand China’s developments in its variegated dimensions. I am speaking on Panel III, “The Broader Implications of China’s Five-Year Plans” and am especially pleased to do so and to link the discussion of such plans with the extraordinarily fluid context within which preparation for the 13th five-year plan occurs. Institutional History and the Transformation of China’s Planning Apparatuses Historically central planning in China never gained the status, complexity and sophistication that were reached in the USSR.