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NEW YORK ------X CITY of NEW YORK, : : Plaintiff, : No
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK ---------------------------------X CITY OF NEW YORK, : : Plaintiff, : No. 18 Civ. 182 (JFK) -against- : : OPINION & ORDER BP P.L.C., CHEVRON CORPORATION, : CONOCOPHILLIPS, : EXXON MOBIL CORPORATION, : and ROYAL DUTCH SHELL, PC, : : Defendants. : ---------------------------------X APPEARANCES FOR PLAINTIFF CITY OF NEW YORK: Zachary W. Carter Susan E. Amron Kathleen C. Schmid Margaret C. Holden Noah Kazis CORPORATION COUNSEL OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK Steve W. Berman Matthew F. Pawa Benjamin A. Krass Wesley Kelman HAGENS BERMAN SOBOL SHAPIRO LLP Christopher A. Seeger Stephen A. Weiss Diogenes P. Kekatos SEEGER WEISS LLP FOR DEFENDANT CHEVRON CORPORATION: Caitlin J. Halligan Andrea E. Neuman Anne Champion Theodore J. Boutrous, Jr. William E. Thomson Joshua S. Lipshitz GIBSON, DUNN & CRUTCHER LLP Herbert J. Stern Joel M. Silverstein STERN & KILCULLEN, LLC Neal S. Manne Johnny W. Carter Erica Harris Steven Shepard Laranda Walker Kemper Diehl Michael Adamson SUSMAN GODFREY LLP FOR DEFENDANT EXXON MOBIL CORPORATION: Theodore V. Wells, Jr. Daniel J. Toal Jaren Janghorbani PAUL, WEISS, RIFKIND, WHARTON & GARRISON, LLP M. Randall Oppenheimer Dawn Sestito O’MELVENY & MYERS LLP Patrick J. Conlon EXXON MOBIL CORPORATION FOR DEFENDANT CONOCOPHILLIPS: John F. Savarese Jeffrey M. Wintner Ben M. Germana Johnathan Siegel WACHTELL, LIPTON, ROSEN & KATZ Tracie J. Renfroe Carol M. Wood KING & SPALDING LLP JOHN F. KEENAN, United States District Judge: Before the Court is a motion by Defendants Chevron Corporation (“Chevron”), ConocoPhillips, and Exxon Mobil Corporation (“Exxon”) (together, the “U.S.-based Defendants”) to dismiss Plaintiff City of New York’s (the “City”) amended complaint under Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 12(b)(1) and 12(b)(6). -
Equinor Environmental Plan in Brief
Our EP in brief Exploring safely for oil and gas in the Great Australian Bight A guide to Equinor’s draft Environment Plan for Stromlo-1 Exploration Drilling Program Published by Equinor Australia B.V. www.equinor.com.au/gabproject February 2019 Our EP in brief This booklet is a guide to our draft EP for the Stromlo-1 Exploration Program in the Great Australian Bight. The full draft EP is 1,500 pages and has taken two years to prepare, with extensive dialogue and engagement with stakeholders shaping its development. We are committed to transparency and have published this guide as a tool to facilitate the public comment period. For more information, please visit our website. www.equinor.com.au/gabproject What are we planning to do? Can it be done safely? We are planning to drill one exploration well in the Over decades, we have drilled and produced safely Great Australian Bight in accordance with our work from similar conditions around the world. In the EP, we program for exploration permit EPP39. See page 7. demonstrate how this well can also be drilled safely. See page 14. Who are we? How will it be approved? We are Equinor, a global energy company producing oil, gas and renewable energy and are among the world’s largest We abide by the rules set by the regulator, NOPSEMA. We offshore operators. See page 15. are required to submit draft environmental management plans for assessment and acceptance before we can begin any activities offshore. See page 20. CONTENTS 8 12 What’s in it for Australia? How we’re shaping the future of energy If oil or gas is found in the Great Australian Bight, it could How can an oil and gas producer be highly significant for South be part of a sustainable energy Australia. -
UZBEKISTAN In-Depth Review
UZBEKISTAN In-Depth Review of the Investment Climate and Market Structure in the Energy Sector 2005 Energy Charter Secretariat ENERGY CHARTER SUMMARY AND MAIN FINDINGS OF THE SECRETARIAT Uzbekistan, a Central Asian country located at the ancient Silk Road, is rich in hydrocarbon resources, especially natural gas. Proved gas reserves amount to about 1.85 trillion cubic meters, exceeding the confirmed oil reserves of about 600 million barrels nearly 20-fold on energy equivalent basis. Most of the existing oil and gas fields are in the Bukhara-Kiva region which accounts for approximately 70 percent of Uzbekistan’s oil production. The second largest concentration of oil fields is in the Fergana region. Natural gas comes mainly from the Amudarya basin and the Murabek area in the southwest of Uzbekistan, making up almost 95 percent of total gas production. The endowment with oil and gas offers considerable potential for further economic development of Uzbekistan. Its recent economic performance has been promising, with a GDP growth of above 7 percent in 2004, and an outlook for continuous robust growth in 2005 and beyond. To what extent it can be realised depends crucially on how the government will pursue its policies concerning investment liberalisation and market restructuring, including privatisation, in the energy sector. While the Uzbek authorities recognize the critical role that foreign investment plays for the exploitation of the hydrocarbon resources and the overhaul of the existing energy infrastructure progress has been relatively slow concerning the establishment of a favourable investment climate for many years. However, the Government has recently adopted a far more positive stance that has already brought about tangible results. -
Climate and Energy Benchmark in Oil and Gas Insights Report
Climate and Energy Benchmark in Oil and Gas Insights Report Partners XxxxContents Introduction 3 Five key findings 5 Key finding 1: Staying within 1.5°C means companies must 6 keep oil and gas in the ground Key finding 2: Smoke and mirrors: companies are deflecting 8 attention from their inaction and ineffective climate strategies Key finding 3: Greatest contributors to climate change show 11 limited recognition of emissions responsibility through targets and planning Key finding 4: Empty promises: companies’ capital 12 expenditure in low-carbon technologies not nearly enough Key finding 5:National oil companies: big emissions, 16 little transparency, virtually no accountability Ranking 19 Module Summaries 25 Module 1: Targets 25 Module 2: Material Investment 28 Module 3: Intangible Investment 31 Module 4: Sold Products 32 Module 5: Management 34 Module 6: Supplier Engagement 37 Module 7: Client Engagement 39 Module 8: Policy Engagement 41 Module 9: Business Model 43 CLIMATE AND ENERGY BENCHMARK IN OIL AND GAS - INSIGHTS REPORT 2 Introduction Our world needs a major decarbonisation and energy transformation to WBA’s Climate and Energy Benchmark measures and ranks the world’s prevent the climate crisis we’re facing and meet the Paris Agreement goal 100 most influential oil and gas companies on their low-carbon transition. of limiting global warming to 1.5°C. Without urgent climate action, we will The Oil and Gas Benchmark is the first comprehensive assessment experience more extreme weather events, rising sea levels and immense of companies in the oil and gas sector using the International Energy negative impacts on ecosystems. -
Frequently Asked Questions About Hydraulic Fracturing
Frequently Asked Questions About Hydraulic Fracturing: What is hydraulic fracturing? Hydraulic fracturing, commonly referred to as fracing, is the process of creating small cracks, or fractures, in underground geological formations to allow oil or natural gas to flow into the wellbore and thereby increase production. Prior to initiating hydraulic fracturing, engineers and geoscientists study and model the physical characteristics of the hydrocarbon bearing rock formation, including its permeability, porosity and thickness. Using this information, they design the process to keep the resulting fractures within the target formation. In Colorado, the target formation is often more than 7,000 feet below the ground surface and more than 5,000 feet below any drinking water aquifers. To fracture the formation, special fracturing fluids are injected down the well bore and into the formation. These fluids typically consist of water, sand, and chemical additives. The pressure created by injecting the fluid opens the fractures. Sand is carried into the fractures by the fluid and keeps the fractures open to increase the flow of oil or natural gas to the well bore. The chemicals serve a variety of purposes, including increasing viscosity, reducing friction, controlling bacteria, and decreasing corrosion. Following the treatment, much of the fracturing fluid flows back up the well bore and is collected at the surface in tanks or lined pits. Why is hydraulic fracturing necessary in Colorado? Most of the hydrocarbon bearing formations in Colorado have low porosity and permeability. These formations would not produce economic quantities of hydrocarbons without hydraulic fracturing. Fracture treatment of oil and gas wells in Colorado began in the 1970s and has evolved since then. -
Quarterly Analyst Themes of Oil and Gas Earnings
Quarterly analyst themes of oil and gas earnings Q2 2021 ey.com/oilandgas Overview The recovery of oil and gas commodity markets and underleveraged and begin to return even more improved company performance continued in the cash to shareholders. As companies grapple with second quarter of 2021 with oil demand and OPEC+ low unlevered returns on renewable energy discipline resulting in a steady reduction in investments relative to oil and gas projects, the inventories and an increase in crude oil prices. matter of gearing is likely to re-emerge. Brent crude averaged US$69/bbl in the second On capital spending, analysts were interested in quarter, up 13% from the previous quarter and companies’ response to the improving macro- twice the average a year ago. Henry Hub averaged environment, specifically whether the companies US$2.95/mmBtu, down from US$3.50/mmBtu in were considering mobilizing additional upstream the first quarter as prices normalized after the investment with commodity prices returning to pre- extreme cold, but were up 50% from the beginning COVID-19 levels. Supply chain interruptions, labor to the end of the quarter, a trend that has market shortages and inflation concerns have continued into Q3. International gas markets begun to take center stage in economic news, and strengthened with northern Asia LNG prices oil and gas industry analysts checked for signs of averaging nearly US$10/mmbtu in 2Q21, driven by pricing pressure in the market for materials and strong growth in Chinese power demand, European services upstream and indications of how inventory rebuild and reduced hydroelectric output companies plan to offset the impact. -
Untested Waters: the Rise of Hydraulic Fracturing in Oil and Gas Production and the Need to Revisit Regulation
Fordham Environmental Law Review Volume 20, Number 1 2009 Article 3 Untested Waters: The Rise of Hydraulic Fracturing in Oil and Gas Production and the Need to Revisit Regulation Hannah Wiseman∗ ∗University of Texas School of Law Copyright c 2009 by the authors. Fordham Environmental Law Review is produced by The Berkeley Electronic Press (bepress). http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/elr UNTESTED WATERS: THE RISE OF HYDRAULIC FRACTURING IN OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION AND THE NEED TO REVISIT REGULATION Hannah Wiseman * I. INTRODUCTION As conventional sources of oil and gas become less productive and energy prices rise, production companies are developing creative extraction methods to tap sources like oil shales and tar sands that were previously not worth drilling. Companies are also using new technologies to wring more oil or gas from existing conventional wells. This article argues that as the hunt for these resources ramps up, more extraction is occurring closer to human populations - in north Texas' Barnett Shale and the Marcellus Shale in New York and Pennsylvania. And much of this extraction is occurring through a well-established and increasingly popular method of wringing re- sources from stubborn underground formations called hydraulic frac- turing, which is alternately described as hydrofracturing or "fracing," wherein fluids are pumped at high pressure underground to force out oil or natural gas. Coastal Oil and Gas Corp. v. Garza Energy Trust,1 a recent Texas case addressing disputes over fracing in Hidalgo County, Texas, ex- emplifies the human conflicts that are likely to accompany such creative extraction efforts. One conflict is trespass: whether extend- ing fractures onto adjacent property and sending fluids and agents into the fractures to keep them open constitutes a common law tres- pass. -
A CITIZEN's GUIDE to NATIONAL OIL COMPANIES Part a Technical Report
A CITIZEN’S GUIDE TO NATIONAL OIL COMPANIES Part A Technical Report October 2008 Copyright © 2008 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC 20433 and The Center for Energy Economics/Bureau of Economic Geology Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin 1801 Allen Parkway Houston, TX 77019 All rights reserved. This paper is an informal document intended to provide input for the selection of a sample of representative national oil companies to be analyzed within the context of the Study on National Oil Companies and Value Creation launched in March 2008 by the Oil, Gas, and Mining Policy Division of The World Bank. The manuscript of this paper has not been prepared in accordance with the procedures appropriate to formally edited texts. Some sources cited in this paper may be informal documents that are not readily available. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. This report may not be resold, reprinted, or redistributed for compensation of any kind without prior written permission. For free downloads of this paper or to make inquiries, please contact: Oil, Gas, and Mining Policy Division Center for Energy Economics The World Bank Bureau of Economic Geology 2121 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Jackson School of Geosciences Washington DC, 20433 The University of Texas at Austin Telephone: 202-473-6990 Telephone: +1 281-313-9753 Fax: 202-522 0395 Fax: +1 281-340-3482 Email: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.worldbank.org/noc. -
Caspian Oil and Gas Complements Other IEA Studies of Major Supply Regions, Such As Middle East Oil and Gas and North African Oil and Gas
3 FOREWORD The Caspian region contains some of the largest undeveloped oil and gas reserves in the world. The intense interest shown by the major international oil and gas companies testifies to its potential. Although the area is unlikely to become “another Middle East”, it could become a major oil supplier at the margin, much as the North Sea is today. As such it could help increase world energy security by diversifying global sources of supply. Development of the region’s resources still faces considerable obstacles. These include lack of export pipelines and the fact that most new pipeline proposals face routing difficulties due to security of supply considerations,transit complications and market uncertainties. There are also questions regarding ownership of resources, as well as incomplete and often contradictory investment regimes. This study is an independent review of the major issues facing oil and gas sector developments in the countries along the southern rim of the former Soviet Union that are endowed with significant petroleum resources: Azerbaijan, Kazakstan,Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Caspian Oil and Gas complements other IEA studies of major supply regions, such as Middle East Oil and Gas and North African Oil and Gas. It also expands on other IEA studies of the area, including Energy Policies of the Russian Federation and Energy Policies of Ukraine. The study was undertaken with the co-operation of the Energy Charter Secretariat, for which I would like to thank its Secretary General, Mr. Peter Schütterle. Robert Priddle Executive Director 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The IEA wishes to acknowledge the very helpful co-operation of the Energy Charter Secretariat, with special thanks to Marat Malataev, Temuri Japaridze, Khamidulah Shamsiev and Galina Romanova. -
LA Petroleum Industry Facts
February 2000 Louisiana Petroleum Public Information Series No.2 Industry Facts 1934 First oil well of commercial quantities Deepest producing well in Louisiana: Texaco-SL urvey discovered in the state: 4666-1, November 1969, Caillou Island, The Heywood #1 Jules Clement well, drilled near Terrebonne Parish, 21,924 feet total depth Evangeline, Louisiana, in Acadia Parish, which S was drilled to a depth of approximately 1,700 Existing oil or gas fields as of December 31, feet in September 1901 (counties are called 1998: 1,775 Reserves “parishes” in Louisiana). Crude oil and condensate oil produced from First oil field discovered: Jennings Field, Acadia 1901 to 1998: 16,563,234,543 barrels Parish, September 1901 Crude oil and condensate produced in 1998: First over-water drilling in America: 132,376,274 barrels Caddo Lake near Shreveport, Louisiana, (Source: Louisiana Department of Natural Resources.) circa 1905 Natural gas and casinghead gas produced from First natural gas pipeline laid in Louisiana: 1901 to 1998: 144,452,229,386 thousand Caddo Field to Shreveport in 1908 cubic feet (MFC) Largest natural gas field in Louisiana: Natural gas produced in 1998: 1,565,921,421 Monroe Field, which was discovered in 1916 thousand cubic feet (MFC) (Source: Louisiana Department of Natural Resources.) Number of salt domes: 204 are known to exist, eological 77 of which are located offshore Dry Natural Gas Proven Reserves 1997 North Louisiana 3,093 billion cubic feet Parishes producing oil or gas: All 64 of South Louisiana 5,585 billion cubic feet Louisiana’s -
Chevron Sustainability Report 2020
2020 corporate sustainability report for complete reporting, visit chevron.com/sustainability 2020 ESG highlights protecting the empowering getting results environment people the right way $15M climate change resilience increase in our investment advancing a lower-carbon future to address racial equity 40% of our Board were women highlighted three action areas for advancing a lower-carbon future in our Climate Change Resilience report 12 networks 2020 marked the 20th $400M anniversary of our first spent on woman- and formal employee network minority-owned businesses joined the World Bank’s Zero Routine Flaring by 2030 initiative chevron 2020 climate lobbying 40% report targeted reduction in oil carbon intensity 26% issued our first targeted reduction in climate lobbying report gas carbon intensity 51 years of our Employee Assistance Program During the pandemic, it offered virtual programs for our employees and their families, including mindfulness and yoga instruction. 40%+ joined the of outstanding common Environmental, social and governance (ESG) data WBCSD’s Value Chain Carbon are as of December 31, 2020, and exclude spend that stock represented in substantive Transparency Pathfinder is ultimately shared with our partners. ESG engagements message from our chairman and CEO In the face of this environment, our people responded with resilience, embracing adversity as an opportunity to learn and improve. Though we shared hardships, the lessons of 2020 “Over the past year, made us a better company, and strengthened our ongoing we, like every company, commitment to help advance a better future for all. navigated a world We believe energy enables modern life and powers human facing the economic and progress. -
Optimism Returns As the Oil Majors Post Stronger Results Themes from the Oil Majors’ Q2 2021 Earnings Calls
August 2021 Optimism returns as the oil majors post stronger results Themes from the oil majors’ Q2 2021 earnings calls The oil majors reported results for the calls. This remained the case despite the US- second quarter that were typically ahead of based companies being asked fewer questions expectations. Compared to the prior quarter, on the theme this period. management teams were more optimistic on the near-term outlook despite some uncertainty Top five themes from questions asked created by the spread of the Delta variant. by anlysts - number of questions that Companies expressed confidence in both the relate to a theme continuing market recovery and their underlying business performance. 0 Stronger results were widely anticipated 0 on the back of a more supportive macro 0 environment. However, the scale of the increase 20 in shareholder distributions proposed by most companies was above the level expected 10 0 by some analysts. Consequently, a significant 2 2020 2020 2020 1 2021 2 2021 Energy transition Shareholder distributions number of questions were posed around Capital allocation Portfolio optimisation commitments by the oil majors to return some Production outlook of their excess cash generation to shareholders. Analysts sought more detail on the metrics and oil price assumptions used by the companies to Policy frameworks were the main theme arrive at their dividend figure. Some companies explored by analysts, accounting for 44% of all also signalled an intention to commence share questions on the energy transition. Around half buyback programmes. These companies fielded of these questions focused on the European questions on the split between dividends Commission’s 'fit for 55' package of proposals and buybacks going forward and any upside aimed at reducing its greenhouse gas emissions distribution potential if oil prices trend above by 55% by 2030.