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Himeji Castle, Hyōgo
Himeji Castle, Hyōgo Location: Hyōgo Prefecture Date: Original construction dates from 1333, but the current structure was built between 1580-1610 Patron: Toyotomi Hideyoshi and enlarged c 1610 by Ikeda Terumasa. Scale: 140m (east-west axis) x 125m (north-south axis). 91m above sea level. Stone wall of the main keep 15m high; the main keep is 31.5m high. There are 27 towers, 11 wells and 21 gates. Scope of work: WAR; Architecture beyond the European tradition. Materials: primarily wood and stone Style/Period: Renritsu/Azuchi–Momoyama Art History in Schools CIO | Registered Charity No. 1164651 | www.arthistoryinschools.org.uk Himeji Castle, Hyōgo Introduction Japan’s most magnificent castle, a Unesco World Heritage Site and one of only a handful of original castles remaining. Nicknamed the ‘White Egret Castle’ for its spectacular white exterior and striking shape emerging from the plain. Himeji is a hill castle, that takes advantage of the surrounding geography to enhance its defensive qualities. There are three moats to obstruct the enemy and 15m sloping stone walls make approaching the base of the castle very difficult. Formal elements Viewed externally, there is a five-storey main tenshu (keep) and three smaller keeps, all surrounded by moats and defensive walls. These walls are punctuated with rectangular openings (‘sama’) for firing arrows and circular and triangular openings for guns. These ‘sama’ are at different heights to allow for the warrior to be standing, kneeling or lying down. The main keep’s walls also feature narrow openings that allowed defenders to pour boiling water or oil on to anyone trying to scale the walls. -
9Th Fiscal Period Semi-Annual Report March 1, 2020 to August 31, 2020
9th Fiscal Period Semi-Annual Report March 1, 2020 to August 31, 2020 LaSalle LOGIPORT REIT 1-11-1 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan Message to Unitholders Features of LaSalle LOGIPORT REIT Accordingly, LLR achieved a period-average occupancy rate for the entire portfolio of 99.0%, the highest level Focused investments in prime logistics located in the Tokyo and Osaka areas since its listing. These endeavors allowed LLR to post • The portfolio comprises large logistics facilities located in the Tokyo and Osaka markets operating revenues of 7,430 million yen, operating income Toshimitsu Fujiwara of 4,066 million yen, ordinary income of 3,664 million • Make investments with attention given to location and building specifications – the source of property Executive Director competitiveness – to secure the portfolio’s competitiveness over a medium to long term LaSalle LOGIPORT REIT yen, and net income of 3,663 million yen, with a distribu- 1 President and CEO tion per unit (“DPU”) of 2,892 yen. In September 2020, LaSalle REIT Advisors K.K. after entering the 10th fiscal period ending February 2021, LLR acquired four properties totaling 76.4 billion Leveraging the LaSalle Group’s real estate investment management capabilities On behalf of LaSalle LOGIPORT REIT (“LLR”), I would yen, including additional interests in an existing property, like to express our sincere gratitude for your loyal • Leverage the LaSalle Group’s global experience and expertise as a leading company investing in core by using funds from its third public offering, while dispos- real estate assets patronage. ing a property (leasehold land). With the transactions, • Take advantage of the LaSalle Group’s investment management capabilities with an strong track record I would like to extend our deepest sympathies to all those LLR’s asset size expanded to 317.8 billion yen. -
Kyoto Hyogo Osaka Nara Wakayama Shiga
Introduction of KANSAI, JAPAN KYOTO OSAKA HYOGO WAKAYAMA NARA SHIGA INVEST KANSAI Introduction Profile of KANSAI, JAPAN Kansai area Fukui Kobe Tokyo Tottori Kansai Kyoto Shiga Hyogo Osaka Mie Osaka Kyoto Nara Tokushima Wakayama ©Osaka Convention & Tourism Bureau With a population exceeding 20 million and an economy of $800 billion, the Kansai region plays a leading role in western Japan. Osaka is center of the region, a vast metropolitan area second only to Tokyo in scale. Three metropolises, located close to one another 30 minutes by train from Osaka to Kyoto, and to Kobe. Domestic Comparison International Comparison Compare to Capital economic zone (Tokyo) Comparison of economic scale (Asia Pacific Region) Kansai Tokyo (as percentage of Japan) (as percentage of Japan) Australia Area (km2) 27,095 7.2% 13,370 3.5% Korea Population (1,000) 20,845 16.3% 35,704 28.0% Kansai Gross Product of 879 15.6% 1,823 32.3% region (GPR) (US$billion) Indonesia (Comparison of Manufacturing) Taiwan Kansai Tokyo (as percentage of Japan) (as percentage of Japan) Thailand Manufacturing Singapore output (US$billion) 568 15.9% 621 17.4% Hong Kong Employment in manufacturing (1,000) 1,196 16.1% 1,231 16.6% New Zealand Number of new factory setup (*) 181 14.8% 87 7.1% 0 500 1000 1500 (Unit: US$ billion) Number of manufacturers in Kansai is equivalent to Tokyo which is twice its economic size. Economy scale of Kansai is comparable to economies in Asia Pacific Region. Source: Institute of Geographical Survey, Ministry of Internal Affair “Population Projection” “World -
Geography & Climate
Web Japan http://web-japan.org/ GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE A country of diverse topography and climate characterized by peninsulas and inlets and Geography offshore islands (like the Goto archipelago and the islands of Tsushima and Iki, which are part of that prefecture). There are also A Pacific Island Country accidented areas of the coast with many Japan is an island country forming an arc in inlets and steep cliffs caused by the the Pacific Ocean to the east of the Asian submersion of part of the former coastline due continent. The land comprises four large to changes in the Earth’s crust. islands named (in decreasing order of size) A warm ocean current known as the Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoku, Kuroshio (or Japan Current) flows together with many smaller islands. The northeastward along the southern part of the Pacific Ocean lies to the east while the Sea of Japanese archipelago, and a branch of it, Japan and the East China Sea separate known as the Tsushima Current, flows into Japan from the Asian continent. the Sea of Japan along the west side of the In terms of latitude, Japan coincides country. From the north, a cold current known approximately with the Mediterranean Sea as the Oyashio (or Chishima Current) flows and with the city of Los Angeles in North south along Japan’s east coast, and a branch America. Paris and London have latitudes of it, called the Liman Current, enters the Sea somewhat to the north of the northern tip of of Japan from the north. The mixing of these Hokkaido. -
Study on Site Specific Strong Ground Motion for Seismic Retrofit Design
A STUDY ON SITE-SPECIFIC STRONG GROUND MOTION FOR SEISMIC RETROFIT DESIGN OF THE HANSHIN EXPRESSWAY LONG-SPAN BRIDGES IN OSAKA BAY AREA Tsutomu NISHIOKA*, Toshihiko NAGANUMA*, Hidesada KANAJI* and Takao KAGAWA** ABSTRACT The site-specific strong ground motion in Osaka Bay Area is studied in order to estimate the seismic load for the seismic retrofit of the Hanshin Expressway long-span bridges. We consider the crustal earthquake and the plate boundary earthquake as the maximum credible earthquake deterministically. The empirical Green’s function method and the stochastic semi-empirical Green’s function method are used to predict the site-specific ground motion. The study shows that there are some differences in the acceleration response spectra between the predicted strong ground motion and the standard ground motion in the Japanese specifications for highway bridges. 1. INTRODUCTION Many bridges suffered heavy damage from the Hyogoken-nanbu earthquake that struck the Kobe city in Japan on Jan. 17, 1995. The seismic retrofit program for the existing bridges made a full-fledged start slightly behind the restoration of the damaged structures in the wake of the disaster in Hanshin Expressway Public Corporation. Until today, we have already strengthened most of the middle- or small-scale brides seismically. But the long-span bridges, mainly located in Bay Route of the Hanshin Expressway network, have not retrofitted yet due to the financial problems. Although most of the highway bridges are retrofitted seismically according to the standard seismic loads in the current Japanese specifications for highway bridges [JRA(2002)], it is desirable in view of earthquake engineering that the input ground motion for the seismic design of a structure is estimated in consideration of source, path and local site effects, shown in Figure 1. -
Masters Village Hyogo Duo Kobe “Duo Dome” (JR Kobe Sta
Transport Information Guide Venue Hyogo pref. Kobe City Masters Village Hyogo Duo Kobe “Duo Dome” (JR Kobe Sta. basement) 2-1 Aioicho, Chuoku, Kobe City, Hyogo http://www.duokobe.com/ ■Access to Masters Village Hyogo From Kansai International Airport Airport Kobe-Sannomiya Sannomiya Kobe Bus Airport Bus Sta. Sta. JR Kobe Line Sta. Directly 【65min.】 【3min.】 Connected JR Osaka Kobe JR Kansai-airport Line Sta. JR Kobe Line Sta. Directly 【60min.】 【26min.】 Connected ※ Transport passes can be used for JR train from Osaka to Kobe. They will be delivered to Games Check-in at Center Village located near JR Osaka Station if you have applied in advance. From Osaka International Airport ( Itami Airport) Duo Airport Kobe-Sannomiya Sannomiya Kobe Dome Bus Airport Bus Sta. Sta. JR Kobe Line Sta. Directly 【40min.】 【3min.】 Connected From Shin-Kobe Station Kobe City Sannomiya Sannomiya Kobe Subway Subway Seishin-Yamate Line Sta. Sta. JR Kobe Line Sta. Directly 【2min.】 【3min.】 Connected Kobe Airport Port Sannomiya Sannomiya Kobe Liner Port Liner Sta. Sta. JR Kobe Line Sta. Directly 【18min.】 【3min.】 Connected Osaka International Airport (Itami Airport) for Okayama Shinkansen for Kyoto Shin-Kobe Shin-Osaka Sta. Sta. for Seishin-Cyuo Subway Seishin-Yamate Line for Nishi-Akashi Kobe Sannomiya Osaka Sta. Sta. Sta. JR Kobe Line Port Liner 【Masters Village Hyogo】 Duo Kobe “Duo Dome” Kobe Airport JR Line JR Shinkansen Kansai Subway International Seishin-Yamate Line Airport PortLiner Airport Bus Transport Information Guide ■ Access map to Masters Village Hyogo ■ Transportation information to Masters Village Hyogo (Duo Dome) From JR Kobe Station, exit out of Central Gate, go down to the basement floor using the escalator at the south exit. -
Himeji Castle 1601-09 1333-46, Then Rebuilt 1601-09, with Additional Fortifications 1617-19
Himeji Castle 1601-09 1333-46, then rebuilt 1601-09, with additional fortifications 1617-19 Key Facts: • In a nutshell: practical defensive castle offering complex systems of defence in depth • Site: Himeji, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan • Size: 31m high, 140m long, 125m wide, on a 45m natural hill. • Materials: stone podium; clay, sand and rice glue walls; tiled roof • UNESCO World Cultural and Heritage Site. 1. ART HISTORICAL TERMS AND CONCEPTS The castle at Himeji is an iconic image of Japan and one of the finest examples of fortress architecture in the world. It stands at the centre of Himeji city, a strategic point along the route to the western provinces of Honshu (the main island of Japan). The castle was built atop a natural 45-meter hill called Himeyama, and its main donjon (tower) rises an additional 31 meters including a 15 metre stone foundation. It is a highly efficient and practical military machine offering complex systems of defence in depth. www.arthistoryinschools.org.uk © 2018 Art History in Schools CIO | Registered Charity No. 116451 arthistoryinschools @ahischarity @arthistoryinschools Cruickshank writes “..as with so much essentially functional Japanese architecture, the hill-top fortress possesses a delicacy of detail, fineness of form, and picturesqueness of profile that, from a distance, makes it look more like a fairy-tale palace.”1 From afar, the graceful rooflines of its white towers resemble a flock of herons in flight, suggesting the castle's proper name—"Egret Castle" (Shirasagi). The castle was first completed in 1346 but when the Shogun Togukawa rose to power in 1600 following the battle of Sekigahara, he rewarded his son-in-law Ikeda Terumasa (1564-1613) with the fiefdom of Harima (modern-day Hyogo prefecture) and the castle was completely rebuilt and enlarged between 1601 and 1609. -
International Recovery Forum 2020 Infrastructure Development Plan For
兵庫県 Hyogo Prefecture International Recovery Forum 2020 Infrastructure development plan for tsunami risk reduction – Measures to prevent and reduce disasters in preparation for huge tsunamis – TADA Shinya Director Technology Planning Division Public Works & Development Department Hyogo Prefectural Government Nankai Trough earthquake Land side plate Pacific The Nankai Trough is a long and Plate Trench Ogasawara Izu narrow submarine basin formed - Nankai Trough Sagami by the subduction of the Trough Philippine Philippine Sea Plate under the Sea Plate Eurasian Plate. Around the Nankai Trough, huge earthquakes and tsunamis occur about every 100 years, causing severe damage. 慶長地震Keicho Earthquake(M7.9) (M7.9)::1605 1605年 発生間隔Recurrence 102interval:年 102 years Classification Earthquake probability 宝永地震Hoei Earthquake(M8.6) (M8.6):: 17071707 年 of earthquakes 5,049 fatalities (Size of next Within Within Within (死者 5,049 人) earthquake) 10 years 30 years 50 years 発Recurrence生間隔 147interval:年 147 years Nankai About 安政南海地震Ansei Nankai Earthquake(M8.4) (M8.4)::1854 1854年 About About Trough 90% or (死者2,658 2,658fatalities人) 30% 発生間隔Recurrence interval:92 年 92 years M8–M9 70–80% higher 昭和南海地震Showa Nankai Earthquake(M8.0) (M8.0)::1946 1946年 東南海地震Tonankai Earthquake(M7.9) (M7.9): Based on estimates by the Headquarters for Earthquake (死者1,330 fatalities1,330 人) 73 years 73 年経過 :19441944 年(死者 1,251 人) Research Promotion of Japan (Jan. 2019) have passed 1,251 fatalities 現在:At present:201 20199 年 2 Largest tsunamis caused by Nankai Himeji Nishinomiya 3 Seto -
Transport Information Guide Swimming(Artistic Swimming
Transport Information Guide Sport & Discipline Venue Hyogo Pref. Amagasaki Sports Amagasaki City Forest 43 Ogimachi, Amagasaki City, Hyogo Swimming https://www.a-spo.com/ (Artistic Swimming) ■Recommended route to the venue From Osaka Station (Center Village) to the venue ( OP Original Kansai One Pass usable section WP Original JR Kansai Wide Area Pass usable section) Osaka Tachibana Suehirocho Venue Sta. Sta. Traffic Mode Line Depart Arrive Route Time pass Kobe Line Train JR Osaka Sta. Tachibana Sta. OP WP 11min. for Sannomiya, Nishi-Akashi,Himeji Public Hanshin Tachibana Sta. Suehirocho OP Amagasaki City Line, Route 60 22min. Bus Bus Walking Suehirocho Venue 9min. Osaka-Umeda Amagasaki Suehirocho Venue Sta. Center-Pool-Mae Sta. Traffic Mode Line Depart Arrive Route Time pass Hanshin Amagasaki Center- Hanshin Main Line Train Electric Osaka-Umeda Sta. OP 15min. Railway Pool-Mae Sta. for Kobe-Sannomiya, Akashi Public Hanshin Amagasaki Center- Suehirocho OP Amagasaki City Line, Route 60 10min. bus Bus Pool-Mae Sta. Walking Suehirocho Venue 9min. From Masters Village Hyogo to the venue Masters Village Hyogo: in Duo Kobe “Duo Dome” ※1 minute walk from JR Kobe Station Kobe Tachibana Duo Dome Suehirocho Venue Sta. Sta. Traffic Mode Line Depart Arrive Route Time pass Walking Masters Village Kobe Sta. 1min. Kobe Line Train JR Kobe Sta. Tachibana Sta. OP WP 29min. for Sannomiya, Amagasaki,Osaka Public Hanshin Tachibana Sta. Suehirocho OP Amagasaki City Line, Route 60 22min. Bus Bus Walking Suehirocho Venue 9min. Amagasaki Kosoku-Kobe Suehirocho Venue Duo Dome Sta. Center-Pool-Mae Sta. Traffic Mode Line Depart Arrive Route Time pass Kosoku-Kobe Walking Masters Village 5min. -
World Bank Document
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE ' . • INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT 1818 H STREET, N.W., WASHINGTON 251 0. C. TELEP='::l(?l"L~: EXECUTIVE 3-6360 Public Disclosure Authorized Press Release No. 723 SUBJECT: $40 million loan for November 29, 1961 Japanese Expressway The World Bank today made a loan equivalent to $40 million to assist in financing completion of the express highway being built between Kobe and Nagoya in Japan. The :Expressway will I'\;,·lieve increasingly severe traffic congestion in one of Japan's most highly industrialized regions, stimulate the dispersion of Public Disclosure Authorized industry and population out of over-crowded cities, widen the effective area of food supply for urban communities, and substantially reduce the operating cost of highway freight and passenger traffic. A Bank loan of $40 million was made • in March 196o for a 45-mile section of the Expressway and today's loan will be used to complete the Expressway over its entire planned length of 115 miles,. Five commercial banks are participating in the loan, without the World Bank's Public Disclosure Authorized bfua.rantee, f'or a total amount of $'!.,183,000, representing the first two maturi ties and. pa.rt of the third maturity which fall due bet1reen January 15, 1965 and January 15, 1966. The participating banks a.re the New York Agency of The Toronto-Dominion Bank, The National Shawmut Bank of Boston, First Wisconsin National Bank of Milwaukee, Fidelity-Philadelphia Trust Company and Bayerisc;he Hypotheken-und Wt~.dh!:1e-i~13ook,. •M:uniclh. The loan was made to the Nihon Doro Kocian ( Japan H,.ghway Public Corporation), I a government corporation responsible for the construction, operation and main Public Disclosure Authorized tenance of toll roads and related,facilities in Japan. -
Access to International Conference Center Kobe
Access to International Conference Center Kobe Ferry 10 minutes by Port Liner from JR Sannomiya Station to Shimin Hiroba Station (\240) or by TAXI (about \2000) 20 minutes by Subway and Port Liner from JR Shin-kobe Station (Transfer at Sannomiya Sta.) 80 minutes from Kansai International Airport by Limousine bus (\1800) and Port Liner (Transfer at Sannomiya Sta.) or by High-speed Ferry (\1500) and Port Liner (Transfer at Kobe Airport) 55 minutes from Osaka(Itami) International Airport by Limousine bus and Port Liner (Change at Sannomiya Sta.) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE CENTER KOBE KOBE CONVENTION & VISITORS ASSOCIATION 6-9-1 Minatojima-nakamachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0046, Japan TEL:078-302-5200 FAX:078-302-6485 E-mail:[email protected] URL:http://www.kcva.or.jp Kansai International Airport arrival lobby (1F) Three main transportations can be used to reach Kobe from the Kansai International Airport: the train, a High-Speed Ferry, and the Limousine bus service. We highly recommend the latter that will directly take you to Sannomiya station with the greater confort. Reaching Kobe by Limousine bus North Exit South Exit a b c d 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Limousine Bus Stop The Limousine bus stops are located in the 1st floor just in front of the exit. Please go to the ticket vending machine c or one of the two Limousine bus service centers . You should buy a ticket to Kobe Sannomiya that costs 1800 yen and take the Limousine bus number 6 . It will take you about 70 minutes to reach Kobe Sannomiya, the final stop where you have to get off the bus. -
Long Diagnostic Delay with Unknown Transmission Route Inversely Correlates with the Subsequent Doubling Time of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Japan, February–March 2020
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Article Long Diagnostic Delay with Unknown Transmission Route Inversely Correlates with the Subsequent Doubling Time of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Japan, February–March 2020 Tsuyoshi Ogata 1,* and Hideo Tanaka 2 1 Tsuchiura Public Health Center of Ibaraki Prefectural Government, Tsuchiura 300-0812, Japan 2 Fujiidera Public Health Center of Osaka Prefectural Government, Fujiidera 583-0024, Japan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Long diagnostic delays (LDDs) may decrease the effectiveness of patient isolation in reducing subsequent transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aims to investigate the correlation between the proportion of LDD of COVID-19 patients with unknown transmission routes and the subsequent doubling time. LDD was defined as the duration between COVID-19 symptom onset and confirmation ≥6 days. We investigated the geographic correlation between the LDD proportion among 369 confirmed COVID-19 patients with symptom onset between the 9th and 11th week and the subsequent doubling time for 717 patients in the 12th–13th week among the six prefectures. The doubling time on March 29 (the end of the 13th week) ranged from 4.67 days in Chiba to 22.2 days in Aichi. Using a Pearson’s product-moment correlation (p-value = 0.00182) and multiple regression analyses that were adjusted for sex and age (correlation coefficient −0.729, 95% confidence interval: −0.923–−0.535, p-value = 0.0179), the proportion of LDD for unknown Citation: Ogata, T.; Tanaka, H. Long exposure patients was correlated inversely with the base 10 logarithm of the subsequent doubling Diagnostic Delay with Unknown time.