The Impact of Aid on Maternal and Reproductive Health a Systematic Review to Evaluate the Effect of Aid on the Outcomes of Millennium Development Goal 5

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Impact of Aid on Maternal and Reproductive Health a Systematic Review to Evaluate the Effect of Aid on the Outcomes of Millennium Development Goal 5 il Systematic review The impact of aid on maternal and reproductive health A systematic review to evaluate the effect of aid on the outcomes of Millennium Development Goal 5 by Rachel Hayman Emma Michelle Taylor Fay Crawford Patricia Jeffery James Smith October 2011 The EPPI-Centre reference number for this report is 1916. This report should be cited as: Hayman R, Taylor EM, Crawford F, Jeffery P, Smith J (2011) The impact of aid on maternal and reproductive health: A systematic review to evaluate the effect of aid on the outcomes of Millennium Development Goal 5. London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London. ISBN: 978-1-907345-23-4 © Copyright Authors of the systematic reviews on the EPPI-Centre website (http://eppi.ioe.ac.uk/) hold the copyright for the text of their reviews. The EPPI- Centre owns the copyright for all material on the website it has developed, including the contents of the databases, manuals, and keywording and data extraction systems. The centre and authors give permission for users of the site to display and print the contents of the site for their own non-commercial use, providing that the materials are not modified, copyright and other proprietary notices contained in the materials are retained, and the source of the material is cited clearly following the citation details provided. Otherwise users are not permitted to duplicate, reproduce, re-publish, distribute, or store material from this website without express written permission. i Table of Contents Abstract ......................................................................................... 1 Executive Summary ............................................................................ 3 1. Background .................................................................................. 8 1.1 Aims and rationale for review ........................................................ 8 1.2 Objectives ............................................................................. 10 1.3 Definitional and conceptual issues ................................................. 10 1.4 Research and policy background………………………………………………………………….. 16 2. Methods used in the review ............................................................. 18 2.1 User involvement ..................................................................... 18 2.2 Identifying and describing studies ................................................. 18 3. Search Results ............................................................................. 25 3.1 Studies included from searching and screening .................................. 25 3.2 Details of included studies .......................................................... 26 4. Synthesis Results .......................................................................... 30 4.1 Further details of studies included in the synthesis ............................. 30 4.2 Synthesis of evidence ................................................................ 30 4.3 Synthesis: Quality Assessment Results ............................................ 33 5. Strengths and limitations ................................................................ 35 5.1 Methodology ........................................................................... 35 5.2 Data on maternal and reproductive health ....................................... 36 5.3 Aid intervention and health outcomes ............................................ 39 6. Conclusions and Recommendations .................................................... 41 7. References ................................................................................. 45 7.1 Studies included in the in-depth review .......................................... 45 7.2 References included (Round 3) ..................................................... 48 7.3 References excluded in Round 3 ................................................... 51 7.4 Additional references ................................................................ 66 Appendices .................................................................................... 70 Appendix 1.1: Authorship of this report ............................................... 70 Appendix 2.1: Search strategy and results ............................................ 71 Appendix 2.2: Coding tool ............................................................... 77 Appendix 2.3: Quality Assessment Checklist .......................................... 81 Appendix 3.1: Details of studies included in the review ............................ 83 Appendix 3.2: Aid Pools .................................................................. 99 Appendix 4.1: Details of studies included in the sythesis ......................... 102 Appendix 4.3: Synthesis of evidence .................................................. 157 Appendix 4.4: Quality Assessment Results ........................................... 164 ii List of abbreviations ANC Ante-natal Care ASRH Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Ausaid Australian Government‟s Overseas Development Aid Programme AYA African Youth Alliance BCC Behaviour Change Communication BMI Bono Materno Infantil BMJF Bono Mujer Jefe de Familia CARE Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Anywhere CAS Country Assistance Strategy CI Confidence Interval CIDA Canadian International Development Agency CmSS Community Support Systems CPE Country Programme Evaluation CPR Contraceptive Prevalence Rate DFID Department for International Development DHMT District Health Management Team DSI Dinajpur Safe Mother Initiative EAP Equity and Access Programme EmOC Emergency Obstetric Care FCI Family Care International FHP Family Health Project FP Family Planning FPHP Fourth Population and Health Project GFATM Global Fund for AIDS, TB and Malaria GHI Global Health Initiatives GoB Government of Bangladesh GTZ German Technical Cooperation Program HAART Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy HAI Health Alliance International HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus HPP Health and Population Project HSSP Health Sector Support Project IDA International Development Association IEC Information Education Communication IEG Independent Evaluation Group IEGWB Independent Evaluation Group of the World Bank IP Implementing Partner IUD Intrauterine Device JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency JOICFP Japanese Organization for International Cooperation in Family Planning JSI John Snow International KAP Knowledge Attitudes Practice KPC Knowledge Practice Coverage LDP Leadership Development Programme LIP Low-Intensity Partnership MCDI Medical Care Development International MCH Maternal Child Health MDG Millennium Development Goal iii MOFCOM Chinese Ministry of Trade and Commerce MoH Ministry of Health MOHFW Ministry of Health and Family Welfare MMR Maternal Mortality Ratio NGO Non-Governmental Organisation NMMS National Maternal Mortality Survey ODA Official Development Assistance ODI Overseas Development Institute OECD Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development PAHO Pan American Health Organisation PAMI Programe de Almentacion Materno Infantil PATH Program for Appropriate Technology in Health PHC Primary Health Centre POPTECH Population Technical Assistance Project PPAR Project Performance Assessment Report PRISMA Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analyses PSA Public Service Agreement R.s Rupees RCTs Randomized control trials SBAs Skilled Birth Assistants SCI Skilled Care Initiative SD Standard Deviation SMP Safe Motherhood Project/Programme SPSS Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SRHC Sexual Reproductive Health Care SSMP Support to Safe Motherhood Programme STI Sexually Transmitted Infection SWAp Sector-wide approach TBAs Traditional Birth Assistants TPCSP Toliara Province Child Survival Project UN United Nations UNDG United Nations Development Group UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNFPA United Nations Population Fund UNICEF United Nations Children Fund USAID United States Agency for International Development WB World Bank WHO World Health Organisation YFS Youth-Friendly Services iv Abstract Background The Millennium Development Goal 5 (MDG 5) aims to improve maternal and reproductive health outcomes by: a) reducing the maternal mortality ratio by 75%; and b) achieving universal access to reproductive healthcare, by 2015. Current estimates suggest that only 23 countries out of 181 are likely to reduce maternal mortality by 75%. The adoption of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness in 2005 represented a global agenda to improve aid management and delivery, partly in order to address the slow progress towards the MDGs. In 2008, the Principles set out in the Paris Declaration to guide changes in international aid were re-affirmed in the Accra Agenda for Action. This review assesses available evidence of how aid delivered under the Principles adopted in the Paris Declaration is impacting upon development outcomes, focusing specifically on maternal and reproductive health (MDG 5). The review question is: What is the evidence of the impact on MDG 5 outcomes of delivering aid in line with Paris and Accra aid effectiveness principles? How does this compare to the evidence of the impact of aid in general on MDG 5 outcomes? Methods and Results The review involved a comprehensive search of the literature to identify studies that met specific criteria. The studies had to address maternal and reproductive health in developing countries, had to concern activities funded by international aid, and had to provide
Recommended publications
  • Health Systems in Transition : Uzbekistan
    Health Systems in Transition Vol. 16 No. 5 2014 Uzbekistan Health system review Mohir Ahmedov • Ravshan Azimov Zulkhumor Mutalova • Shahin Huseynov Elena Tsoyi • Bernd Rechel Bernd Rechel (Editor) and Martin McKee (Series editor) were responsible for this HiT Editorial Board Series editors Reinhard Busse, Berlin University of Technology, Germany Josep Figueras, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Martin McKee, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom Elias Mossialos, London School of Economics and Political Science, United Kingdom Sarah Thomson, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Ewout van Ginneken, Berlin University of Technology, Germany Series coordinator Gabriele Pastorino, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Editorial team Jonathan Cylus, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Cristina Hernández-Quevedo, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Marina Karanikolos, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Anna Maresso, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies David McDaid, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Sherry Merkur, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Philipa Mladovsky, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Dimitra Panteli, Berlin University of Technology, Germany Wilm Quentin, Berlin University of Technology, Germany Bernd Rechel, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Erica Richardson, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Anna Sagan, European
    [Show full text]
  • Uzbekistan Demographic and Health Survey 1996
    Uzbekistan Demographic and Health Survey 1996 Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan ~DHS Demographic and Health Surveys Macro International Inc. World Summit for Children Indicators: Uzbekistan 1996 Value BASIC INDICATORS Childhood mortality Infant mortality rate 49 per 1,000 Under-five mortality rate 59 per 1,000 Maternal mortality Maternal mortality ratio 39 per 100,000 l Childhood undernutrition Percent stunted (of children under 3 years) 31.3 Percent wasted (of children under 3 years) 11.6 Percent underweight (of children under 3 years) 18.8 Clean water supply Percent of households within 15 minutes of a safe water supply 2 84.8 Sanitary excreta disposal Percent of households with flush toilets or V1P latrines 22.6 Basic education Percent of women 15-49 with completed primary education 99.2 Percent of men 15-49 with completed primary education 99.5 Percent of girls 6-12 attending school 78.6 Percent of boys 6-12 attending school 75.6 Percent of women 15-49 who are literate 99.8 Children in especially Percent of children who are orphans (both parents dead) 0.1 difficult situations Percent of children who do not live with their natural mother 1.7 Percent of children who live in single adult households 1.9 SUPPORTING INDICATORS Women's Health Birth spacing Percent of births within 24 months of a previous birth s 29.5 Safe motherhood Percent of births with medical prenatal care 95.0 Percent of births with prenatal care in first trimester 72.7 Percent of births with medical assistance at
    [Show full text]
  • Ecology and Development Series No. 43, 2006
    Ecology and Development Series No. 43, 2006 Editor-in-Chief: Paul L.G.Vlek Editors: Manfred Denich Christopher Martius Charles Rodgers Susanne Herbst Water, sanitation, hygiene and diarrheal diseases in the Aral Sea area (Khorezm, Uzbekistan) Cuvillier Verlag Göttingen ABSTRACT The Aral Sea region is a synonym for environmental disaster which is considered to cause various human health problems. However, epidemiological evidence was still lacking. The vast majority of the rural population in Khorezm district, Uzbekistan, situated on the lower Amu Darya River in the Aral Sea Basin, relies on drinking water from groundwater wells. The piped drinking water in Khorezm is mainly abstracted from surface waters. Both drinking water sources are suspected to be frequently fecally contaminated. Since the consumption of fecally polluted drinking water implies a high incidence rate of waterborne disease, it is surprising that official epidemiological data – obtained by passive monitoring – show a considerable decline in incidences of waterborne infectious diseases. This study aimed to create active monitoring data on the incidence of diarrheal diseases and to study the risk factors water, sanitation and hygiene. For the epidemiological data collection, a self-reported monitoring of diarrheal diseases was conducted during a 12-week period in summer 2003 and a 4-week winter follow-up in February 2004. Each of the 186 randomly selected households entered all diarrhea episodes on a daily basis into a diarrhea diary, which was checked and exchanged by interviewers weekly. For the determination of risk factors linked to drinking water hygiene, sanitation and hygiene a standardized questionnaire was designed with a focus on the following points: drinking water issues (collection, storage, treatment), health- related behavior of households, knowledge on diarrhea (causes, prevention, treatment) and domestic hygiene.
    [Show full text]
  • EN: Health Care in Central Asia
    N:\EC\COM\HDS\IDP\DOCSTORE\DOCSTORE\Docs for PDF filing\Obs\Health care in central Asia.doc Health care in central Asia European Observatory on Health Care Systems Series Series Editors Josep Figueras is Head of the Secretariat and Research Director of the European Observa- tory on Health Care Systems and Head of the European Centre for Health Policy, World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. Martin McKee is a research director of the European Observatory on Health Care Systems and Professor of European Public Health at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine as well as a co-director of the School’s European Centre on Health of Societies in Transition. Elias Mossialos is Research Director of the European Observatory on Health Care Systems and Bnan Abel-Smith Reader in Health Policy, Department of Social Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science and Co-Director of LSE Health and Social Care. Richard B. Saltman is Research Director of the European Observatory on Health Care Systems and Professor of Health Policy and Management at the Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia The series The volumes in this series focus on key issues for health policy-making in Europe. Each study explores the conceptual background, outcomes and lessons learned about the dev- elopment of more equitable, more efficient and more effective health systems in Europe. With this focus, the series seeks to contribute to the evolution of a more evidence-based approach to policy formulation in the health sector. These studies will be important to all those involved in formulating or evaluating national health care policies and, in particular, will be of use to health policy-makers and advisers, who are under increasing pressure to rationalize the structure and funding of their health systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Improving Nursing Education in the Republic of Uzbekistan
    Occasional Research Paper 2020-04 Improving People with People Nursing Education in the in Mind Republic of Uzbekistan Seul Ki Choi Bo-Eun Kim·Chin-Kang Koh·Salima Kasymova KOREA INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS 【Project Head】 Seul Ki Choi Associate Research Fellow, Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs 【Co-authors】 Bo-Eun Kim Researcher, Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs Chin-Kang Koh Associate Professor, Seoul National University Salima Kasymova Public Health Research Consultant Improving Nursing Education in the Republic of Uzbekistan ⓒ 2020 Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs All rights reserved. No Part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs Building D, 370 Sicheong-daero, Sejong city 30147 KOREA http://www.kihasa.re.kr ISBN: 978-89-6827-779-5 93510 Contents KOREA INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS A b s t r a c t ············································································ 1 Ⅰ. I n t r o d u c t i o n ······························································ 9 S e c t i o n 1 . R e s e a r c h P u r p o s e ······················································· 1 1 S e c t i o n 2 . R e s e a r c h M e t h o d s ······················································ 1 8 Ⅱ. H e a l t h c a r e i n t h e R e p u b l i c o f U z b e k i s t a n ······· 2 1 S e c t i o n 1 .
    [Show full text]
  • Maternal Healthcare Utilization Among Muslim Mothers from India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh: Is There Equity?
    Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 6-16-2017 12:00 AM Maternal Healthcare Utilization Among Muslim Mothers From India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh: Is There Equity? Rohin J. Krishnan The University of Western Ontario Supervisor Dr. Bridget Ryan The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Epidemiology and Biostatistics A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Master of Science © Rohin J. Krishnan 2017 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Health Services Research Commons Recommended Citation Krishnan, Rohin J., "Maternal Healthcare Utilization Among Muslim Mothers From India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh: Is There Equity?" (2017). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 4613. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/4613 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. i Abstract To date, literature exploring maternal healthcare utilization among Muslim populations has largely focused on religious differences. However, little research exists exploring maternal healthcare utilization within Muslim populations. This highlights a research gap because studies across religious groups may obscure important variation within Islamic women. The primary objective of this study assessed if there is equity in MHU among Muslim mothers in India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Multivariate logistic regression revealed inequities to be present in the three countries. Predicted probabilities revealed a narrower equity gap in MHU in Bangladesh compared to India and Pakistan.
    [Show full text]
  • Forced Sterilization of Women in Uzbekistan
    POLICY REPORT Forced Sterilization of Women in Uzbekistan Natalia Antelava December 2013 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This investigation into an alleged government sterilization program in Uzbekistan has uncovered a pattern of ongoing, systematic forced sterilizations that have affected tens of thousands of women across the country and appears to have intensified in recent years. According to overwhelming testimonial evidence, for the past 13 years the Uzbek government has carried out a program to sterilize women of reproductive age. The program is not based on ad hoc decisions of individual hospitals, but rather is a centrally-regulated policy with the apparent aim of controlling population growth. Spanning a period of two years, this investigation draws on interviews with dozens of victims of forced sterilization, 14 medical professionals, including doctors and 2 officials at the Ministry of Health, and a survey of 53 doctors th 224 West 57 Street, New York, New York, 10019 | TEL +212-548-0600 | FAX +212-548-4600 POLICY REPORT-FORCED STERILIZATION OF WOMEN IN UZBEKISTAN 2 across the country. While the extent of implementation has varied, the government has never abandoned the program entirely. The backbone of this research is a survey of 54 doctors that provides the most extensive testimonial evidence to date of the existence and prevalence of a nation-wide government sterilization program. It shows that the program is not limited to particular geographical areas or institutions and that it takes place across the country’s medical establishment. In Uzbekistan, all women of reproductive age who have delivered two or more children are potential targets of the program.
    [Show full text]
  • Universal Access to Reproductive Health Accelerated Actions to Enhance Progress on Millennium Development Goal 5 Through Advancing Target 5B
    Universal access to reproductive health Accelerated actions to enhance progress on Millennium Development Goal 5 through advancing Target 5B Table of Contents Executive summary 1 Introduction: reproductive health in the global context 4 Progress 5 Reproductive health strategies 7 Discussion of country case-studies 9 Summary of actions 15 Country case-studies 18 References 31 Acronyms HIV human immunodeficiency virus ICPD International Conference on Population and Development MDG Millennium Development Goal UNFPA United Nations Population Fund UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund WHO World Health Organization Executive summary The addition of Target 5B – “Achieve, by 2015, universal Targeted approaches to accelerate progress access to reproductive health” – to Millennium Devel- and minimize missed opportunities opment Goal (MDG) 5, with indicators to track global progress, followed the recognition by world leaders Strengthen policies for improving sexual and repro- that increased attention to sexual and reproductive ductive health delivery: health is a prerequisite for achieving MDG 5 on improv- y develop a country action plan immediately to ing maternal health, and also contributes significantly accelerate progress towards achievement of MDG to reducing poverty and hunger (MDG 1), promoting Target 5B within five years; gender equality and empowerment of women (MDG 3) y engage government sectors and civil society and combating HIV and other diseases (MDG 6). The to mobilize and promote political will for World Health Organization (WHO)
    [Show full text]
  • 490 Final ANNUAL REPORT 2001 from the COMMISSION to the CO
    COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Brussels, 12.09.2002 COM(2002) 490 final ANNUAL REPORT 2001 FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE COUNCIL AND THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT ON THE EC DEVELOPMENT POLICY AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EXTERNAL ASSISTANCE TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD by the Board of EuropeAid Co-operation Office.............................................. 4 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 6 1. The External Assistance management reform, a year of challenges........................... 8 1.1. The Reform process.................................................................................................. 8 1.2. Improving Programming........................................................................................... 9 1.3. Evaluation .............................................................................................................. 11 1.4. Results-oriented Monitoring ................................................................................... 11 1.5. Deconcentration of Project Management to Delegations......................................... 13 1.6. Coherence, Co-ordination and Complementarity..................................................... 15 2. PROGRESS TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT GOALS.................................... 20 2.1. The Millennium Development Goals ...................................................................... 20 2.2. Poverty reduction ..................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Journal Affiliated to International Psychiatry
    26 Volume 8 Number 1 February 2011 ISSN 1749-3676 Forthcoming international events 16–19 March 2011 26–28 April 2011 9–12 June 2011 4th World Congress on Women’s Mental II International Symposium on Disorders of World Psychiatric Association Thematic Health – Biological, Psychological and Socio- Consciousness Conference: ‘Re-thinking Quality in cultural Aspects of Women’s Mental Health Santiago de Cuba, Cuba Psychiatry: Education, Research, Prevention, Madrid, Spain Contact: Dr Calixto Machado. Instituto de Diagnosis, Treatment’ International Organiser: International Association for Neurología y Neurocirugía Istanbul, Turkey Women’s Mental Health (IAWMH) Email: [email protected] Contact: Ayse Askin Erten Contact: Debra Tucker Website: http://www.engraciacal.com/ Website: http://www.wpaist2011.org Email: [email protected] Website: www.iawmh.org 27–29 April 2011 29 June–1 July 2011 Controversies in Psychiatric Practice – The 11th Annual Conference of the 17–19 March 2011 7th International Conference on Psychiatry International Association of Forensic Psychiatry ESDaP 2011 – 14th European Society for Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Mental Health Services: ‘Towards Integrated Dermatology & Psychiatry Congress Organiser: Saudi German Hospital (SGH)- Prevention’ Zaragoza, Spain Jeddah, Al-Amal Hospital – Jeddah, Saudi Barcelona, Spain Organiser: European Society for Dermatology Psychiatric Ass. (SPA), Egyptian Psy. Ass., Organiser: IAFMHS & Psychiatry Congress Motmaenna Psychiatric centre Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Contact:
    [Show full text]
  • Uzbekistan Chapter 1
    CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Shavkat L Karimov 1.1 Geography and Population Located in the middle of Central Asia between the two major rivers of Amudarya and Syrdarya, the Republic of Uzbekistan is a region with favorable climatic and geographical conditions. The territory of Uzbekistan is 447,400 square kilometers. The country borders Kazakstan to the north, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to the south and east, Afghanistan to the south, and Turkmenistan to the west. Uzbekistan's landscape is a unique combination of plains and mountains. The western part of Uzbekistan consists of plains, Kizilkum deserts and lowland areas, such as Fergana Valley, Tashkent and the Hunger Steppe, and the Sanzaro-Nuratin, Samarkand, Kashkadarya and Surkhandarya lowlands. The mountains in Uzbekistan, which are branches of the West Tien-Shan and Gissaro-Alay ranges, cover about one-third of the country's territory and are located mainly in the south and southeast of Uzbekistan. Uzbekistan consists of 12 administrative regions (oblasts) and the Autonomous Republic of Karakalpakstan. Each region is further broken down into administrative areas called raions. There are 157 raions in Uzbekistan. With a population of 22.5 million, Uzbekistan is the third most populous country in the former Soviet Union after Russia and the Ukraine. Approximately 61 percent of the population resides in rural areas. The country is characterized by a high rate of population growth which is mainly due to the high birth rate (29.4 per 1,000 population) and relatively low death rate (6.6 per 1,000 population) (Goskomprognozstat, 1995). With an average annual population growth rate in excess of 2.5 percent, the population in Uzbekistan has increased by 12 million during the last three decades (Akhmedov, 1993).
    [Show full text]
  • Uzbekistan Health Care Systems in Transition I
    European Observatory on Health Care Systems Uzbekistan Health Care Systems in Transition i IONAL B AT AN RN K E F T O N R I WORLD BANK PLVS VLTR R E T C N O E N M S P T R O U L C E T EV ION AND D The European Observatory on Health Care Systems is a partnership between the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, the Government of Greece, the Government of Norway, the Government of Spain, the European Investment Bank, the Open Society Institute, the World Bank, the London School of Economics and Political Science, and the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. Health Care Systems in Transition Uzbekistan 2001 Written by Farkhad A. Ilkhamov and Elke Jakubowski Edited by Steve Hajioff Uzbekistan ii European Observatory on Health Care Systems EUR/01/5012669 (UZB) 2001 RESEARCH AND KNOWLEDGE FOR HEALTH By the year 2005, all Member States should have health research, information and communication systems that better support the acquisition, effective utilization, and dissemination of knowledge to support health for all. Keywords DELIVERY OF HEALTH CARE EVALUATION STUDIES FINANCING, HEALTH HEALTH CARE REFORM HEALTH SYSTEMS PLANS – organization and administration UZBEKISTAN ©European Observatory on Health Care Systems 2001 This document may be freely reviewed or abstracted, but not for commercial purposes. For rights of reproduction, in part or in whole, application should be made to the Secretariat of the European Observatory on Health Care Systems, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Scherfigsvej 8, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. The European Observatory on Health Care Systems welcomes such applications.
    [Show full text]