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Ultra Narrow Band Based Iot Networks Yuqi Mo Ultra narrow band based IoT networks Yuqi Mo To cite this version: Yuqi Mo. Ultra narrow band based IoT networks. Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI]. Université de Lyon, 2018. English. NNT : 2018LYSEI069. tel-02061756 HAL Id: tel-02061756 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02061756 Submitted on 8 Mar 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. N°d’ordre NNT : 2018LYSEI069 THESE de DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITE DE LYON opérée au sein de l’Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon Ecole Doctorale 160 Electronique, Electrotechnique et Automatique Spécialité/ discipline de doctorat : Traitement du Signal et de l’Image Soutenue publiquement le 26/09/2018, par : Yuqi MO Ultra Narrow Band based IoT networks Devant le jury composé de : ANTON-HARO Carles Directeur de Centre technology de Rapporteur recherche Télécommunications de Catalunya, Catalunya DI RENZO Marco HDR Université Paris-Saclay, France Rapporteur HELARD Maryline Professeur INSA-Rennes, France Examinatrice VERDONE Roberto Professeur University of Bologna, Italie Examinateur GORCE Jean-Marie Professeur INSA-Lyon, France Directeur de thèse GOURSAUD Claire HDR INSA-Lyon, France Co-directrice de thèse PONSARD Benoît Ingénieur Sigfox, France Invité Cette thèse est accessible à l'adresse : http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2018LYSEI069/these.pdf © [Y. Mo], [2018], INSA Lyon, tous droits réservés Département FEDORA – INSA Lyon - Ecoles Doctorales – Quinquennal 2016-2020 SIGLE ECOLE DOCTORALE NOM ET COORDONNEES DU RESPONSABLE CHIMIE CHIMIE DE LYON M. Stéphane DANIELE Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l’environnement de Lyon http://www.edchimie-lyon.fr IRCELYON-UMR 5256 Sec. : Renée EL MELHEM Équipe CDFA Bât. Blaise PASCAL, 3e étage 2 Avenue Albert EINSTEIN [email protected] 69 626 Villeurbanne CEDEX INSA : R. GOURDON [email protected] E.E.A. ÉLECTRONIQUE, M. Gérard SCORLETTI ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE, École Centrale de Lyon AUTOMATIQUE 36 Avenue Guy DE COLLONGUE 69 134 Écully http://edeea.ec-lyon.fr Tél : 04.72.18.60.97 Fax 04.78.43.37.17 Sec. : M.C. HAVGOUDOUKIAN [email protected] [email protected] E2M2 ÉVOLUTION, ÉCOSYSTÈME, M. Philippe NORMAND MICROBIOLOGIE, MODÉLISATION UMR 5557 Lab. d’Ecologie Microbienne Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 http://e2m2.universite-lyon.fr Bâtiment Mendel Sec. : Sylvie ROBERJOT 43, boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918 Bât. Atrium, UCB Lyon 1 69 622 Villeurbanne CEDEX Tél : 04.72.44.83.62 [email protected] INSA : H. CHARLES [email protected] EDISS INTERDISCIPLINAIRE Mme Emmanuelle CANET-SOULAS SCIENCES-SANTÉ INSERM U1060, CarMeN lab, Univ. Lyon 1 Bâtiment IMBL http://www.ediss-lyon.fr 11 Avenue Jean CAPELLE INSA de Lyon Sec. : Sylvie ROBERJOT 69 621 Villeurbanne Bât. Atrium, UCB Lyon 1 Tél : 04.72.68.49.09 Fax : 04.72.68.49.16 Tél : 04.72.44.83.62 [email protected] INSA : M. LAGARDE [email protected] INFOMATHS INFORMATIQUE ET M. Luca ZAMBONI MATHÉMATIQUES Bât. Braconnier 43 Boulevard du 11 novembre 1918 http://edinfomaths.universite-lyon.fr 69 622 Villeurbanne CEDEX Sec. : Renée EL MELHEM Tél : 04.26.23.45.52 Bât. Blaise PASCAL, 3e étage [email protected] Tél : 04.72.43.80.46 Fax : 04.72.43.16.87 [email protected] MATÉRIAUX DE LYON M. Jean-Yves BUFFIÈRE Matériaux INSA de Lyon http://ed34.universite-lyon.fr MATEIS - Bât. Saint-Exupéry Sec. : Marion COMBE 7 Avenue Jean CAPELLE Tél : 04.72.43.71.70 Fax : 04.72.43.87.12 69 621 Villeurbanne CEDEX Bât. Direction Tél : 04.72.43.71.70 Fax : 04.72.43.85.28 [email protected] [email protected] MEGA MÉCANIQUE, ÉNERGÉTIQUE, M. Jocelyn BONJOUR GÉNIE CIVIL, ACOUSTIQUE INSA de Lyon Laboratoire CETHIL http://edmega.universite-lyon.fr Bâtiment Sadi-Carnot Sec. : Marion COMBE 9, rue de la Physique Tél : 04.72.43.71.70 Fax : 04.72.43.87.12 69 621 Villeurbanne CEDEX Bât. Direction [email protected] [email protected] ScSo ScSo * M. Christian MONTES Université Lyon 2 http://ed483.univ-lyon2.fr 86 Rue Pasteur Sec. : Viviane POLSINELLI 69 365 Lyon CEDEX 07 Brigitte DUBOIS [email protected] INSA : J.Y. TOUSSAINT Tél : 04.78.69.72.76 [email protected] ScSo : Histoire, Géographie, Aménagement, Urbanisme, Archéologie, Science politique, Sociologie, Cette thèse est accessible à l'adresse : http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2018LYSEI069/these.pdf © [Y. Mo], [2018], INSA Lyon, tous droits réservés i 三t如一¦。 ?这*¦可以4我pÇ以后的万4Cq。 致1我和我1的º。 Cette thèse est accessible à l'adresse : http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2018LYSEI069/these.pdf © [Y. Mo], [2018], INSA Lyon, tous droits réservés Cette thèse est accessible à l'adresse : http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2018LYSEI069/these.pdf © [Y. Mo], [2018], INSA Lyon, tous droits réservés iii Abstract Sigfox rises as a promising candidate dedicated for long-distance and low-power transmissions in the IoT backgrounds. Ultra Narrow Band (UNB), being the com- munication technology chosen by Sigfox, allows to transmit information through signals whose bandwidth is very limited, typically 100 Hz. Due to the imprecision restraint on electronic devices, it is impossible to transmit UNB signals in orthog- onal channels. The natural radio access for this kind of system is thus random ALOHA, in both time and frequency domain. This random access can induce collisions which degrades the networks performance. The aim of this thesis is to characterize the capacity of UNB based networks, as well as to enhance its performance, by considering the randomness in time and frequency. The first contribution of the thesis, is the theoretical and numerical capacity evaluation under idealized and realistic channel conditions, for mono base sta- tion (BS) case. Under idealized conditions, we have quantified this capacity for generalized ALOHA case and extended for replications. We highlight the time- frequency duality in UNB systems, and that there exists an optimum replication number for a given network parameter set. Under realistic conditions, we have taken into account the specific spectral in- terference of UNB systems and propagation path loss (without and with Rayleigh fading) to characterize the performance, with the aid of stochastic geometry. The second contribution is the enhancement of UNB network performance in single BS case. We propose to use successive interference cancellation (SIC) in UNB networks, which allows to mitigate the interference. We have provided a theoretical analysis by considering both SIC and the spectral interference, for mono-BS case. We bring to light the efficiency of SIC in enhancing UNB system performance. The third contribution is the improvement of UNB systems, by exploiting the multiple BS diversity. An analytical performance evaluation considering the sim- plest selection combining is conducted. In particular, we consider the interference viewed by all the BSs are correlated. Then we apply more complex signal combin- ing technologies such as MRC (max ratio combining) and EGC (equal gain com- bining), and even interference cancellation across multi-BS in UNB networks. We evaluate the performance improvement that each technology can bring, and com- pare them with each other. We highlight the efficiency of these multi-BS technolo- gies which allow us to achieve significant performance enhancement compared to mono-BS (e.x. 125 times better performance with global SIC). Last but not least, we experimentally verify the the spectral interference model and network capacity on a cognitive radio testbed. Cette thèse est accessible à l'adresse : http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2018LYSEI069/these.pdf © [Y. Mo], [2018], INSA Lyon, tous droits réservés Cette thèse est accessible à l'adresse : http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2018LYSEI069/these.pdf © [Y. Mo], [2018], INSA Lyon, tous droits réservés v Résumé La compagnie Sigfox est reconnue comme un acteur prometteur pour des trans- missions de longue-distance et faible consommation, dans le contexte de l’IoT. La modulation à bande ultra étroite (Ultra Narrow Band (UNB)), la technologie de communication choisie par Sigfox, permet de transmettre des informations dans des bandes de signal très étroites (typiquement 100 Hz). A cause de l’imprécision fréquentielle causée par les oscillateurs générateurs de fréquence, il n’est pas réal- iste de transmettre des signaux UNB dans des canaux parfaitement orthogonaux. L’accès naturel au canal radio pour le système de UNB est de type ALOHA, avec un aspect aléatoire à la fois en en temps et en fréquence. Cet accès aléatoire peut introduire des collisions qui dégradent la performance du réseau. Le but de cette thèse est de caractériser la capacité des réseaux basés sur UNB, ainsi que d’améliorer la performance en considérant l’aspect aléatoire en temps et en fréquence. La première contribution de cette thèse, est une évaluation de la capacité en théorie et en simulation pour une seule station de base (BS), sous des conditions de canal idéaliste ou réaliste. En conditions idéalistes, nous avons exprimé la capacité pour le cas de l’ALOHA généralisé, et l’avons étendu aux cas de réplications. Pour les conditions réalistes, nous avons pris en compte l’interférence spectrale d’UNB et le path loss (sans et avec Rayleigh fading) afin de caractériser la performance des réseaux UNB, avec l’outil géométrie stochastique. La deuxième contribution est d’appliquer l’annulation successive d’interférence (SIC), qui nous permet d’atténuer les interférences, dans des réseaux de UNB.
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