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Download: Brill.Com/Brill-​ ​Typeface Walking on the Pages of the Word of God Currents of Encounter Studies in Interreligious and Intercultural Relations Editor in Chief Marianne Moyaert (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands) Editorial Board Claudio Carvalhaes (Union Theological Seminary, usa) Catherine Cornille (Boston College, usa) Marion Grau (Norwegian School of Theology, Norway) Paul Hedges (ntu, Singapore) Henry Jansen (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands) Bagus Laksana (Sanata Dharma University in Yogyakarta, Indonesia) Willie L. van der Merwe (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands) Jonathan Tan (Case Western Reserve University, usa) Founding Editors Jerald D. Gort Hendrik M. Vroom (†) Advisory Board Gavin d’Costa (University of Bristol, Department of Religion and Theology) Lejla Demiri (University of Tubingen, Center for Islamic Theology) Nelly van Doorn- Harder (Wake Forest University School of Divinity) Jim Heisig (Nanzan Institute for Religion & Culture) Mechteld Jansen (Protestant Theological University, Amsterdam) Edward Kessler (Woolf Institute and Fellow of St Edmund’s College, Cambridge) Oddbjorn Leirvik (University of Oslo, Faculty of Theology) Hugh Nicholson (Loyola University Chicago, Department of Theology) Anant Rambachan (St. Olaf College, Northfield, usa) John Sheveland (Gonzaga University) Mona Siddiqui (University of Edingburgh, School of Divinity) Pim Valkenberg (Catholic University of America) Michelle Voss Roberts (Wake Forest University School of Divinity) Ulrich Winkler (University of Salzburg, Center for Intercultural Theology and the Study of Religions) VOLUME 59 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/ coe Walking on the Pages of the Word of God Self, Land, and Text Among Evangelical Volunteers in Jerusalem By Aron Engberg LEIDEN | BOSTON This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 License, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided no alterations are made and the original author(s) and source are credited. Cover illustration: Cover photo by Aron Engberg and Catharina Hansson. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Engberg, Aron, author. Title: Walking on the pages of the Word of God : self, land, and text among Evangelical volunteers in Jerusalem / by Aron Engberg. Description: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, 2020. | Series: Currents of encounter. Studies in interreligious and intercultural relations, 0923-6201 ; volume 59 | Originally published: Lund : Lund University, 2016. | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Summary: “It is a special night in Binyenei HaUma, the International Convention Center in western Jerusalem. There is great excitement in the air as multi-colored spotlights slice through the hall accompanied by a massive soundscape of catchy Evangelical praise music. On stage, the songs are performed by a highly professional 25- piece orchestra and choir, while the 6,000- strong Evangelical audience contributes to the atmosphere by singing the lyrics projected onto three huge television screens that flank the stage”– Provided by publisher. Identifiers: LCCN 2019025933 (print) | LCCN 2019025934 (ebook) | ISBN 9789004409125 (paperback) | ISBN 9789004411890 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Christian Zionism–Jerusalem. | Jerusalem. Classification: LCC DS150.5 .E55 2020 (print) | LCC DS150.5 (ebook) | DDC 261.2/6095694–dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019025933 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019025934 Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill- typeface. issn 0923- 6201 isbn 978- 90- 04- 40912- 5 (paperback) isbn 978- 90- 04- 41189- 0 (e- book) Copyright 2020 by Aron Engberg. Published by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi, Brill Sense, Hotei Publishing, mentis Verlag, Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh and Wilhelm Fink Verlag. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid- free paper and produced in a sustainable manner. To Liv, Lovisa & Smilla ∵ There are people that are tremendously spiritual, like they spiritu- alize absolutely everything—I’m not sure if you understand what I mean? And yet, here [in Israel], it’s just more real. I don’t consider that those were Bible times [before]; I consider that we’re in Bible times [now] and that we’re literally walking on the pages of the Word of God. karen, 2013 ∵ Contents Acknowledgments ix List of Interviews xi 1 Introduction 1 Walking on the Pages of the Word of God 4 Toward an Ethnography of Christian Zionism 8 “Christian Zionism”: Belief and Practice 11 Biblical Literalism 15 Christian Zionism as Narrative and Process 18 Meaning, Language, and Narrative 20 Meaning and Symbol 21 Language Ideology 25 Religious Language and Narrative Performance 27 The Scene in Jerusalem 29 The Volunteers 31 Interviews 33 Self, Land, and Text 37 2 Evangelical Zionism in Jerusalem 39 History of the Organizations 40 Restorationism and Dispensationalism 42 Jerusalem in the 1970s 45 Connecting Israel with the Evangelical World 50 Practical Support and Founding Organizations 52 Navigating the Socio- Political Space 55 Covenantal Theology 61 Going Mainstream 65 The Ministries Today 69 At the Embassy 2012 72 3 Self: Calling, Agency, and Transformation 75 Narratives, Performance, and Transformation 77 The Calling 80 “It Wasn’t Our Idea”— Calling and Agency 88 Suspension of Agency 89 Narrative Non- Sense Making 91 Agency in Abeyance 93 viii Contents Self- Transformation 100 Realizing Israel’s Spiritual Significance 101 Becoming Ruth 105 Continuous Conversion— Faith Walk 107 Conclusions 110 4 Land: Israel, Place, and Presence 112 Space, Place, and the “Holy Land” 113 The “Land of the Bible” and the Evangelical Gaze 117 Where Miracles Happen 122 “God’s Fire Is in Zion, but His Furnace Is in Jerusalem” 126 The Cosmic Center 132 A Locative Thrust 135 Tensions 137 Another Problem of Presence 140 Can Israel Fall Apart? 143 “To Live between the Tensions” 147 Conclusions 149 5 Text: Literalism, Prophecy, and Authenticity 151 An Ideology of Literalism 153 Ambiguities of Prophecy Belief 156 Prophecy: Past and Present 158 Prophecy: Future 162 Bible Prophecy as an Interpretative Tradition 167 Hebraic Roots of Christian Faith 173 History and Authenticity 174 Hebraic and Greek Worldviews 175 Purification 180 A Vanguard of Reform 182 Conclusions 184 6 Walking on the Pages of the Word of God 185 Continuities and Discontinuities of Evangelical Zionism 188 Globalizing Christian Zionism 189 Contesting Language Ideologies 190 Alternative Readings of Israel 192 Walking on the Pages 192 References 195 Index 210 Acknowledgments This book is many years in the making, and there are many to whom I would like to express my gratitude. First and foremost, I would like to thank the or- ganizations in Jerusalem, the leaders, and especially the volunteers who gen- erously shared their stories and their thoughts with me. Often I was graciously accepted into the community and invited to lunches, Shabbat and Pesach din- ners, to homes, Messianic services, and to various events during weekends and evenings. It takes courage to invite a researcher into your midst and I am very grateful that you were willing to let me take part in your community. The Centre for Theology and Religious Studies at Lund University was in- strumental in helping me to complete this project. In Lund, and in various oth- er venues, conferences, workshops and seminars, I have also been fortunate to have friends, and colleagues who have read parts of the manuscript and offered encouragement and constructive criticism. In particular I feel indebted to my friends in the seminar in Global Christian and Interreligious Relations: Mar- tina Prosén, Lotta Gammelin, Sara Gehlin, Jennifer Nyström and many other who have come and gone over the years. Thank you also to Professor Mika Vähäkangas who believed in my project even when I did not and who gave me the courage to carry it out. I was lucky to get the chance to work with you throughout this project. Over the years I have also come into contact with many wonderful scholars who have read and commented on my manuscript. In particular I would like to thank James S. Bielo who graciously accepted my invitation to supervise the project and who offered numerous helpful advice and constructive criticism over the years; the Christian Zionism seminar at the American Academy of Re- ligion chaired by Göran Gunner and Robert S. Smith who gave me the opportu- nity to present and test early stage interpretations; Jackie Feldman and Simon Coleman who both kindly agreed to travel to Sweden in order to comment on my full manuscript towards the end of the project. Your willingness and ability to engage with my text provided both encouragement and many important critical suggestions for the completion of the book. I feel very privileged to have been able to collaborate with scholars whose
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