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Development of Bangladesh Economy: Obstruction and Challenges © IJCIRAS | ISSN (O) - 2581-5334 June 2020 | Vol. 3 Issue. 1 DEVELOPMENT OF BANGLADESH ECONOMY: OBSTRUCTION AND CHALLENGES Mukut Sikder1, Xuecheng Dou 2 College of Finance and Economics, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou,730070, P.R China After the 2nd World War in 1947, the British split the Abstract Indian subcontinent into; Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, The study principally is a contribution to the India, Maldives, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan. (Kumar, may numerous interpretation and discussion made by 2012). East Pakistan was created as the name of the West many writers about Bangladesh economic Zone of India and this area current name is Bangladesh. development process and the steps taken by the After nine months liberation war with West Pakistan, the government and for which the future is taking better help of the cervical assistance of India East Pakistan steps. The article proofer some tentative challenges (Bangladesh) in 1971 was recognized as an independent to the obstructions within the Bangladesh economy. country and get a place in the World map The data for the work was gathered by reviewing (HeritageFoundation, 2019). relevant literature in the subject matter. The work first presents an abridged profile of Bangladesh and 1.2. Inspiration to select the topic also identifies the problems each component of the economy comes with. The need for competent Bangladesh has no readily available work for the huge government policies, administrative rules, and population; most of them live under the poverty line. It effective proposals are unequivocal in increasing is difficult to survive and earn much money for education, health, micro and macro-economic livelihood. The amount of wealth acquired by all classes indicators in Bangladesh. The study postulates people is not the same, so all kinds of statistical effective judicial law as the best way to curb information are related to about income and salary need corruption. The work concludes by calling for a proper transparent. We never contradict a large number sustainable tax reform system to help increase the of natural resources in the country, why we are not able country's national revenue. to make Bangladesh from a developing country to a developed country up till now? Why people will get Keyword: Bangladesh, Development, Government annoyed with the factory- owner and the infrastructural policies, tax reform, corruption. weakness will remain due to the salary? Why all people's do not livelihood will be equally, some of spending 1.INTRODUCTION luxurious life some of do not get enough food and will Bangladesh is a Muslim dominated country located in die in the street? Why can Bangladesh not be improved South-East Asia, with a population of about 166 million by utilizing more population? For example, about China and a land size of 1,47,570 sq.km. (WPR, 2018). The also has a huge population, but we know China is one country shares borders with India to the North, East, and of the most active developing countries in the World. West. Myanmar borders the far south-east part and Bay Why will the country's capital city Dhaka be disqualified of Bengal to the south region. The economy of as the world's second residence? (Chaity, 2018). The Bangladesh is primarily agriculture-dependent. About capital city of Bangladesh (Dhaka) has become get 39.07 percent of the people worked in agriculture. principal place in the world such as traffic congestion and not only that the time wastage and traffic 1.1. Historical Mounting inefficiency index is also at the top of Dhaka (Numbeo, 2019). IJCIRAS1622 WWW.IJCIRAS.COM 120 © IJCIRAS | ISSN (O) - 2581-5334 June 2020 | Vol. 3 Issue. 1 Dhaka was the second in traffic jams in 2018 and 2017 corruption is required by the judiciary and Social and the third in 2016 and the eighth in 2015. According Security in the country; to the report, Kolkata is the second place in terms of 2. Which way should be forward to surpass for country traffic jam, and New Delhi is in the third position (See development; figure 1). The fourth place is Kenya's capital Nairobi. The 3. How can business relation be built with neighbors’ fifth is Indonesia's capital Jakarta, sixth Sri Lankan country for foreign trade to be established? In this Colombo, and seven in Mumbai city. Philippines Manila case, who should take significant responsibility; has eighth, UAE capital city Sharjah is at number ninth 4. How can all people create the best relations and and Iran’s Tehran is in 10th position. Dhaka's score for dedicate for the country's development? traffic congestion is 277.79 and Kolkata score 283.68. The Indian capital Delhi has been given 2777.11, Nairobi 1.4. Economy of Bangladesh score 277.66 and the score of Jakarta is 277.39. Meanwhile, Austria's capital city Vienna holds the oldest There is no alternative and predominantly to place in the world's least populated cities in the year agricultural segment income sources for the people, so 2019. Then there are cities in Denmark's Copenhagen, it can say the dominant country of agriculture. Sweden's Gothenburg and Germany's Frankfurt has Agriculture sector considered as an important country's prepared this list with the consideration of 207 production growth economy compare it about 14.23 important cities and capital of different countries percents (2017-18) of the country's GDP, a growth rate (Nembeo, 2019). Meanwhile, Dhaka is at the top of the of GDP 11.02 percents (2017-18) and around employs time wastage and inefficiency city. Also, mention Dhaka 40.6 percents of the total labor force (BBS, 2018). A large in the carbon emission index is number 109th and part of the people of Bangladesh depends on agriculture Calcutta has 110th. People are using private cars did not for their livelihood. Naturally, the soil is fertility to grow except for public transport to save time. So, a huge easily and produce all the species crops, and the land is number of vehicles increased in the street. no problem in the supply of water because of around many canal and rivers in Bangladesh. So, it is better to irrigation in summer season cultivate land as a suitable place for crops. However, each year three times farmer can be harvested crop and agricultural sector helps to make them economically support. Although many crops are produced but also damaged by various natural disasters such as cyclone, flood suddenly drought and endoscopes. Therefore, it is impossible to export agricultural commodities because of the need for more food for an interior citizen. As the second part of Ready mate Garment and Textile the country's GDP growth. The textile sector is the main part of foreign money earning, but the beginning of independence jute was the main crop of foreign exchange earnings. In the Figure 1 List of cities full of traffic congestion 2019 textile industry, foreign investor, entrepreneurship increased factory several cities, even women and men Source: World Traffic Index-2019, www.nambio.com. working together contributed rapidly to the country's (WorldTraffic, 2019) growth development. Thirdly contributing to the country's economy has stirred send skill manpower 1.3. Opportunities, Challenges and Way forward abroad although the country’s expert workers or young generation should not go out of the country, increasing 1. The main problem is the good relations between the the unemployment ratio in the country. Therefore, the political parties and the new strong law to reducing remittance of workers sent abroad has highly contributed to the country's economy. IJCIRAS1622 WWW.IJCIRAS.COM 121 © IJCIRAS | ISSN (O) - 2581-5334 June 2020 | Vol. 3 Issue. 1 Economic structure of Bangladesh economy regarding will expand further industrial side, as well as rural areas, CIA World Fact Book published in recent data as will be brought under development. The countries have following it. (See table 1) mineral products like natural gas, low-quality coal and Table 1 Economy of Bangladesh-2018 agricultural goods such as tea, marine fish and crocodiles’ firm. These mineral resources are not $286.28 billion (nominal; 2018) (IMF, available in the competitive market worldwide and there GDP 2018) is a demand by which food and fuel are met. $690.26 billion (PPP; 2018) (IMF, 2018) International production companies are getting more encouraged to find low salary workers, so Bangladeshi 7.86% (FY2018) (bdnews24.com, 2018) commodity is getting a very well-known reputation in GDP growth 7.28% (FY2017) (Bank T. W., 2017) the foreign market. Which has been growing since the formation of the government in 2009? At the present $1,752 (nominal; FY2018) (Express, Bangladeshi employee working abroad and contribute 2018) an amount of remittance sector for growth GDP. In the GDP per capita $4,200 (PPP;2017) (CIA, 2017) past, Agricultural crop jute people called the golden-bar, but now garments readymade clothes and textile products export in abroad earning much foreign GDP by sector Agriculture: 14.02% (CIA, 2017) currency. Industry: 29.03% (CIA, 2017) Services: 56.05% (FY2017) (CIA, 2017) 2.METHODOLOGY AND APPROACH Inflation (CPI) 5.6% (FY2017) (Kneoma, 2017) This paper uses data and information from both secondary sources a large part of the literature of Total 66.64 million (2017 est.) (CIA, Bangladesh, recent information and many authors have 2017) Labor force Agriculture: 42.7% (CIA) been reviewed. It is about the principles of existing Industry: 20.5% (CIA) national issues, the overall trade and development of Services: 39.6% (2016est.) (FACTBOOK, the country, related issues related to foreign trade, 2016) development of different countries, political difficulties Exports $41 billion (FY18) (view, 2018) and other trade-related projects, future planning, mutual planning, trade policy, flow monitoring and Imports $43.49 billion (FY2017) (Abdur Rahim evaluation impact the existing and process for national Harmachi, 2017) Analysis of information related to current evolving Public debt 33.1% of GDP (2017 est.) (CIA, 2017) development from international literature and information.
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