DOCSLIB.ORG

Multi Criteria GIS-Based Solar Power Plants Site Selection: Bushehr Province in Focus

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Multi Criteria GIS-Based Solar Power Plants Site Selection: Bushehr Province in Focus International Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Mechatronics Volume 3, Issue 4, ISSN 2320 – 5121 Multi Criteria GIS-Based Solar Power Plants Site Selection: Bushehr Province in Focus Ehsan Mehrabi Gohari Department of Mechanical Engineering payam noor University, Tehran, Iran email:[email protected] Abstract: Optimal locating of solar power plants is a logical weighting to the data in each data layer is based on zero and correct way to achieve maximum efficiency of solar and 1 score which indicates the areas are appropriate or energy. In this study, in order to locating the optimal not [6]. Boolean method has a definitive and exact nature parameters and evaluate the technical, cultural, economic and due to its speed and precision has wide application. In and ecological parameters, geographic information systems order to apply the parameter effects such as power plant were used. Also, by using mathematical methods such as inverse distance weighted, maps and applications are distance from the city center, intercity roads, coastline, and provided. Finally evaluating these parameters was the height of sea level and provided maps by Renewable undertaken by using Boolean logic and the best places to Energy Organization of Iran (SUNA) [7] is used for the build solar power plant in Bushehr Province has been Bushehr province. But to measure the weight of other determined. Four port cities such as Deylam, Genaveh, parameters effect and create new data requirements such Shabankareh and Borazjan with about 1853 square meters as mean annual precipitation, mean annual radiation, data have evaluated equivalent to 8% of the total province area. and information for different parts of the province are The method provided in this study has been proposed as an obtained according to the Table 1 and for this purpose, efficient model and practical roadmap for optimum location they used Inverse Distance Weighted. Then the points are of solar power plants in other parts of the world. valued by Boolean logic and GIS software. Inverse Distance weighted method is one of the methods Keywords: Boolean Logic, Optimal Locating, Solar Power Plant, The Inverse Distance Weighted. that use in meteorology and geography studies. This method is based on that approach that by increasing the 1. INTRODUCTION data distance with known data, the amount of parameters effect in the unit area estimation decreases. To predict the Solar energy is one of the most valuable resources for locations that their data have not been measured and the converting to electrical energy. Due to the increasing use measured values surround the site are used. In prediction, of solar energy, it is important to determine the suitable the weight factor is determined by the distance between location for the construction. Ensuring from highest the points; therefore, for the points near the sample, more efficiency of electric energy production and persuasionto weight and for the points far from the sample, less weight venture for the solar power plants is another important is assigned. factor in determining a suitable location for this plant power. Also the lack of environmental pollution, 2. THE STUDIED AREA increasing prices of fossil fuels and looking to the future are the factors [1,2] that optimal locating to build the The studied area in Bushehr province is in the southwest Bushehr plant will become important even in Bushehr of Iran and between 27 degree and 17 minute to 30 degree Province because Bushehr has large volumes of fossil and 17 minutes of latitude and 50 degree and 8 minutes to fuels reserves. In this regard, a lot of research has been 52 degrees and 58 minutes of longitude. Figure 1 shows done in Iran and World. In 2008, Carrian et al according to this province location. investigating decision systems, locate the solar power plants in Spain. [3] Elcin and et al in 2013 by investigating a case study in West Turkey and evaluating the environmental, economic and urban parameters, found best place to install solar power plant.[4] Esfandiari and et al also have been investigated the Khuzestan province to install solar power plant by using geographic systems. [5] In this study, a wide range of quantities, geographical, climate, economic and technical aspects has been obtained in Bushehr province in a practical way. These parameters include average annual rainfall, plant distance from city center, intercity roads and Figure 1. Geographical location of the Bushehr province- coastline, height above sea level, the average annual Iran radiation and monthly rate of clearness index. Then by using Boolean optimization finder algorithm, the optimal This province is limited to Khuzestan and Kohkeloye & location of plants has been identified. In which the Boyerahmad from north and to Persian Gulf and Copyright © 2015 IJAIM right reserved 146 International Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Mechatronics Volume 3, Issue 4, ISSN 2320 – 5121 Hormozgan from south, to Fars province from East and to Persian Gulf from the west. Bushehr province with 23167.567 square kilometers ambit is allocated around 4.1 percent of total Iran's ambit. Dashtestan city with 6366.248 square kilometers and Kangan city with 1441.949 square kilometers respectively are the smallest and the largest city of the province . 3. CRITERIA FOR LOCATING THE SOLAR POWER PLANT In order to select the most optimal location for installing the solar plants, cultural and economic issues of area should be considered in addition to technical and Figure 4.Boolean map of the province's roads between geographical factors. In this study, parameter effects such cities as economic-environmental, socio-cultural and economic- technical has been studied. Figure 2 shows these criteria 3-1-2. Power Plant Distance from the Coastline by a diagram. Providing power plant security from risks such as tide, non-removed recreational facilities from the community, easy access to Power Plant are factors that influence to the approach in which the construction of these power plants are required to have a minimum distance of 100 meters and a maximum 3 kilometers far away from the coastline.[9] Because the province Bushehr's coastline is extended from the northeast to southeast, most of the province's parts are proper distances and are valued with number 1. Figures 5 and 6, respectively show the distribution coastline map and the Boolean map for point distribution. Figure 2. Criteria for locating solar power plant 3-1. Economic and environmental parameters 3-1-1. Power plant distance from main intercity roads Factors such as ease of access to Power plant for any kind of exploitation, transportation reduced costs and economically power plant maintenance costs are the basis for site choosing with a maximum 4 km distance from the main road between the main intercity road and this distance is the optimum location [8]. Figure 3 shows the Figure 5. Distribution maps of the coastline in the intercity road maps in Bushehr province. In figure 4, based Bushehr province on Boolean logic, the points that satisfy the conditions are shown with 1 and other points are shown by zero. Figure 6. Boolean map of the distribution of the Bushehr Figure 3.Intercity road Map of Bushehr province province Copyright © 2015 IJAIM right reserved 147 International Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Mechatronics Volume 3, Issue 4, ISSN 2320 – 5121 3-2 .Social and Cultural Factors so close to the 450 watts per square standard value. And it 3-2-1. Power Plant distance from City centers can be used with an appropriate approximation to generate Manpower requirements, closer to the urban grid and data for Bushehr province. Figures 9 and 10, respectively easier maintenance are factors that cause the proper power show the distribution of average annual radiation in watts plant distance from the city center. In this regard, adhering per square meter for the bushehr's cities. As it can be seen the maximum 15 km distance from the city center is in figure 10, the northern half of the province has considered as an optimal distance [3]. Figures 7 and 8, favorable conditions in terms of average radiation and respectively show the distribution map of Bushehr's cities energy. and their Boolean distribution map. Figure 7. Distribution maps of cities in the Bushehr province Figure 9.Distribution of average annual Irradiation in the Bushehr province Figure 8. Boolean map of the distribution of cities of Bushehr 3-3. Technical-economic parameters 3-3-1. The Average Annual Irradiation The average annual irradiation at each power plant is a Figure 10.Boolean average annual irradiation distribution very important parameter in order to increase the energy in the Bushehr province efficiency by solar panels. According to conducted studies, the average annual amount of received radiation of one 3-3-2. The average monthly rainfall solar power plant is estimated about 450 watts per square If this parameter exceeds from an average amount may for the appropriate return.[10] This means that areas that lead to an increase in relative humidity and pollution in receives less energy, are valued by Boolean logic with solar panel levels. Both of these factors reduce the heat inappropriate value. In this study according to the transfer rate and energy efficiency [11]. In this study, information about average annual radiation of the country according to the data of 21 meteorological stations about meteorological stations, accordance with table 1, and by monthly average rainfall over the last 25 years [12] (table Inverse Distance Weighted method, the information and 2) parameter data for different parts of the province are data related to the average annual radiation are obtained obtained based onInverse Distance Weighted method and for different parts of Bushehr province and then points are then points are valued by Boolean logic.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Iranian Strategy in Syria
    *SBOJBO4USBUFHZJO4ZSJB #:8JMM'VMUPO KPTFQIIPMMJEBZ 4BN8ZFS BKPJOUSFQPSUCZ"&*ŦT$SJUJDBM5ISFBUT1SPKFDUJ/45*565&'035)&456%:0'8"3 .BZ All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. ©2013 by Institute for the Study of War and AEI’s Critical Threats Project Cover Image: Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, Syrian President Bashar Al-Assad, and Hezbollah’s Sheikh Hassan Nasrallah appear together on a poster in Damascus, Syria. Credit: Inter Press Service News Agency Iranian strategy in syria Will Fulton, Joseph Holliday, & Sam wyer May 2013 A joint Report by AEI’s critical threats project & Institute for the Study of War ABOUT US About the Authors Will Fulton is an Analyst and the IRGC Project Team Lead at the Critical Threats Project at the American Enterprise Institute. Joseph Holliday is a Fellow at the Institute for the Study of War. Sam Wyer served as an Iraq Analyst at ISW from September 2012 until February 2013. The authors would like to thank Kim and Fred Kagan, Jessica Lewis, and Aaron Reese for their useful insights throughout the writing and editorial process, and Maggie Rackl for her expert work on formatting and producing this report. We would also like to thank our technology partners Praescient Analytics and Palantir Technologies for providing us with the means and support to do much of the research and analysis used in our work. About the Institute for the Study of War The Institute for the Study of War (ISW) is a non-partisan, non-profit, public policy research organization. ISW advances an informed understanding of military affairs through reliable research, trusted analysis, and innovative education.
    [Show full text]
  • Are You Suprised ?
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OPTIMIZATION IN CIVIL ENGINEERING Int. J. Optim. Civil Eng., 2013; 3(1):179-207 HYBRID ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS BASED ON ACO- RPROP FOR GENERATING MULTIPLE SPECTRUM- COMPATIBLE ARTIFICIAL EARTHQUAKE RECORDS FOR SPECIFIED SITE GEOLOGY G. Ghodrati Amiri *, † and P. Namiranian Center of Excellence for Fundamental Studies in Structural Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science & Technology, Tehran, IRAN ABSTRACT The main objective of this paper is to use ant optimized neural networks to generate artificial earthquake records. In this regard, training accelerograms selected according to the site geology of recorder station and Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT) used to decompose these records. Then Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) optimized with Ant Colony Optimization and resilient Backpropagation algorithm and learn to relate the dimension reduced response spectrum of records to their wavelet packet coefficients. Trained ANNs are capable to produce wavelet packet coefficients for a specified spectrum, so by using inverse WPT artificial accelerograms obtained. By using these tools, the learning time of ANNs reduced salient and generated accelerograms had more spectrum-compatibility and save their essence as earthquake accelerograms. Received: 27 April 2012; Accepted: 15 January 2013 KEY WORDS: artificial earthquake accelerograms; ant colony optimization algorithm; wavelet packet transform; artificial neural network; principal component analysis; resilient backpropagation algorithm 1. INTRODUCTION Civil engineers use „response spectrum‟ to evaluate the seismic response of ordinary *Corresponding author: G. Ghodrati Amiri, Center of Excellence for Fundamental Studies in Structural Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science & Technology, Tehran, IRAN †E-mail address: [email protected] (Gholamreza Ghodrati Amiri) 180 G.
    [Show full text]
  • Special Economic Zones
    Iran's Special Economic Zones Amir Abad Yazd Lorestan Khalij Fars Shahid Rajaee Pars Shiraz Petroshimi Khalij Fars Booshehr Sarakhs Bandar Booshehr Sirjan Salafchegan Payam Arge Jadid Pars Special Economic Energy Zone Headquarters P.O. Box: 75391 - 154,Pars Special Economic Energy Zone Org.,Assaluyeh, Boushehr Province, I.R.Iran Tel: +987727 37 63 30 Fax: +987727 37 63 18 Email: [email protected] Web site: http://pseez.ir Pars Special Economic Energy Zone PSEEZ is located adjacent to Assaluyeh, a village on the Persian Gulf, 280 Km southeast of Bushehr, 570 Km northwest of Bandar Abbas, and a 100 Km away from the offshore southern Pars Gas Fields in the Persian Gulf. Establishment for the utilization of ١٩٩٨ Pars Special Economic Energy Zone (PSEEZ) was established in South Pars oil and gas resources and encouraging commercial activities in the field of oil, gas and petrochemical industries. Objectives Facilitating for the on-time execution of various oil and gas projects, providing the appropriate foundation to attract local and foreign partnership with the aim of developing oil, gas and petrochemical industries as well as inter-related and downstream industries, creating local job opportunities and attracting skilled and semi-skilled workforce from neighboring provinces with regards to its positive effects on economic prosperity in the provinces of Bushehr, Fars and Hormozgan. Location .Km ٥٧٠ Km. East of Port of Bushehr and ٣٠٠ This zone is located the Persian Gulf coast and Km. away from the South Pars Gas ١٠٠ West of the Port of Bandar Abbas and approximately Field (Continuation of the Qatar’s Northern Dome).
    [Show full text]
  • Bushehr: Land of Sun and Sea Haley Asks for Cooperate with Riyadh Bushehr Province Is One of the 31 Provinces of Decertifying Iran’S Iran
    Tomorrow is ours Today’s Weather Call to prayer time in Isfahan Isfahan Tehran Morning call to prayer : ° ° 05:19:38 24 c 37 c Noon call to prayer : 13:01:16 Ahvaz Evening call to prayer: ° 19:38:02 28 c ° 45 c Qibla Direction Qazvin 17 ° c 37 ° c 18 ° c 34 ° c NasPro-environment e NewspaperFarda Thursday|7September 2017 |No.5491 naslfarda naslefardanews 30007232 WWW.NASLEFARDA.NET Page:23 In The News Tehran Ready to Bushehr: Land of Sun and Sea Haley asks for Cooperate with Riyadh Bushehr province is one of the 31 provinces of decertifying Iran’s Iran. It is in the south of the country, with a long compliance with to Resolve Muslims’ coastline alongside the Persian Gulf. Problems: Zarif With a provincial capital by the same name, JCPOA ranian Foreign Minister Bushehr has nine cities: Bushehr, Dashtestan, Implying the nature of the IMohammad Javad Zarif said the Dashti, Dayyer, Deylam, Jam, Kangan, Genaveh, US administration’s political country is ready to work with all and Tangestan. approach toward nuclear deal Islamic countries, including Saudi Geographically, the province is divided it into with Iran, US Ambassador to Arabia, to help resolve Muslims’ two regions: the plains in the west and southwest, the UN Nikki Haley laid out problems in the Middle East region and the mountainous region in the north and a case for President Donald and the world.“We are ready to northeast. The weather in the former is very warm Trump to step back from the cooperate with Islamic countries and humid, while the latter has a dry and warm Iran nuclear deal.
    [Show full text]
  • Data on Metal Levels in the Inlet and Outlet Wastewater Treatment Plant of Hospitals in Bushehr Province, Iran
    Data in Brief 10 (2017) 1–5 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Data in Brief journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/dib Data Article Data on metal levels in the inlet and outlet wastewater treatment plant of hospitals in Bushehr province, Iran Fereshte Babaahmadi a, Sina Dobaradaran b,c,d,n, Abdolrahim Pazira e, Seyed Sajjad Eghbali f, Maryam Khorsand g, Mozhgan Keshtkar c a Department of Environmental Engineering Bushehr branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran b The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran c Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sci- ences, Bushehr, Iran d Systems Environmental Health, Oil, Gas and Energy Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sci- ences, Bushehr, Iran e Department of Natural Resources Bushehr branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran f Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran g Young Researchers and Elite Club, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran article info abstract Article history: In this paper, we measured the levels of metals including Pb, Cr, Received 6 September 2016 Cd, Ni, Hg, Fe, and Cu in the inlet and outlet wastewater of hos- Received in revised form pitals. The samples were taken from wastewater in Bushehr's 9 November 2016 province hospitals, Iran. After the collection of samples, the con- Accepted 15 November 2016 centration levels of metals were determined by using graphite Available online 23 November 2016 furnace absorption spectrometer (AAS) method (Varian, SpectrAA Keywords: 240, Australia). Statistical analysis of the data was carried out using Bushehr Special Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 16).
    [Show full text]
  • Prevalence of Vitamin D De Ciency and Its Associated Risk Factors
    Prevalence of Vitamin D Deciency and Its Associated Risk Factors Among Rural Population of the Northern Part of the Persian Gulf Maryam Marzban The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran Mohammadreza Kalantarhormozi Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, the Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran Mehdi Mahmudpour The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran Afshin Ostovar Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Saeed Keshmiri Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran Amir Darabi The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran Abdolmohammad khajeian Faculty of health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran Amirreza Bolkheir The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran Azam Amini Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr,Iran Iraj Nabipour ( [email protected] ) The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran Research Article Keywords: Vitamin D deciency, Prevalence, Rural, Enrichment, Iran Posted Date: November 25th, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-109364/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
    [Show full text]
  • The Bushehr Hinterland Results of the First Season of the Iranian-British Archaeological Survey of Bushehr Province, November–December 2004
    THE BUSHEHR HINTERLAND RESULTS OF THE FIRST SEASON OF THE IRANIAN-BRITISH ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF BUSHEHR PROVINCE, NOVEMBER–DECEMBER 2004 By R.A. Carter, K. Challis, S.M.N. Priestman and H. Tofighian Oxford, Durham, Birmingham and ICAR INTRODUCTION History of Previous Investigations A joint Iranian-British archaeological and geomorpho- Previous work indicated a rich history of occupation on logical survey of Bushehr Province, Iran (Fig. 1) took the Bushehr Peninsula itself. More limited exploration place between 23rd November and 18th December 2004, of the adjacent mainland had also revealed significant as a pilot season to determine the course of future survey occupation, especially during the Elamite and Parthian- and excavation.1 There were three main research aims: Sasanian Periods. Investigations began early in the 19th • To clarify the nature and chronology of coastal century, when the British Residency attracted numerous settlement in the Persian Gulf, and build a chronolog- individuals with an antiquarian interest (Simpson ical and cultural framework for the Bushehr coastal forthcoming). At least eight sites were noted, producing region. large numbers of Sasanian jar burials, often placed in the • To seek evidence for contact between coastal Iran, ground in linear alignments (ibid). In 1913, a French Mesopotamia and the littoral of the Arabian Peninsula delegation began excavating at Tul-e Peytul (ancient during the 6th/5th millennia B.C.E. (known as the Liyan) (Pézard 1914), to investigate cuneiform Chalcolithic, Ubaid and Neolithic Periods in each inscribed bricks found on the surface during the third respective region). quarter of the 19th century, and excavated by Andreas in • To gather data towards establishing the sequence of 1887 (Simpson forthcoming).
    [Show full text]
  • Cancer Incidence in the East Azerbaijan Province of Iran in 2015
    Somi et al. BMC Public Health (2018) 18:1266 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-6119-9 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Cancer incidence in the East Azerbaijan province of Iran in 2015–2016: results of a population-based cancer registry Mohammad Hossein Somi1, Roya Dolatkhah2* , Sepideh Sepahi3, Mina Belalzadeh3, Jabraeil Sharbafi3, Leila Abdollahi3, Azin Nahvijou4, Saeed Nemati4, Reza Malekzadeh5 and Kazem Zendehdel4,6* Abstract Background: Few countries in the Middle East have a population-based cancer registry, despite a clear need for accurate cancer statistics in this region. We therefore established a registry in the East Azerbaijan province, the sixth largest province in northwestern Iran. Methods: We actively collected data from 20 counties, 62 cities, and 44 districts for the period between 20th March 2015 and 19th March 2016 (one Iranian solar year). The CanReg5 software was then used to estimate age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) per 100,000 for all cancers and different cancer types. Results: Data for 11,536 patients were identified, but we only analyzed data for 6655 cases after removing duplicates and non-residents. The ASR for all cancers, except non-melanoma skin cancer, was 167.1 per 100,000 males and 125.7 per 100,000 females. The most common cancers in men were stomach (ASR 29.7), colorectal (ASR 18.2), bladder (ASR 17.6), prostate (ASR 17.3), and lung (ASR 15.4) cancers; in women, they were breast (ASR 31.1), colorectal (ASR 13.7), stomach (13.3), thyroid (ASR 7.8), and esophageal (ASR 7.1) cancers. Both the death certificate rate (19.5%) and the microscopic verification rate (65%) indicated that the data for the cancer registry were of reasonable quality.
    [Show full text]
  • Presenting a Strategic Plan of Integrated Water Resources Management by Using SWOT in Bushehr Province
    Online Access: www.absronline.org/journals International Journal of Operations and Logistics Management Volume 4, Issue 1 e-ISSN: 2309-8023 Pages: 27-42 p-ISSN: 2310-4945 March, 2015 Presenting a Strategic Plan of Integrated Water Resources Management by using SWOT in Bushehr Province Seyyed Reza Mousavizadeh1, Sediqeh Khorrami2*, and Marziyeh Bahreman3 1. Phd commerce management, department management of payamnoor university, Tehran, Iran. ([email protected]) 2. MA student of executive management, department management of payamnoor university, Tehran, Iran. ([email protected]) 3. MA student of executive management, department management of payamnoor university, Tehran, Iran. ([email protected]) Arid and semi-arid lands are faced with water stress. In turn of the millennium, many semi-arid and arid regions of the world, including Iran are facing water problems. Shortage of water resources and the mismatch between needs and available resources, the global management of water systems has encountered serious challenges. One of the successful solutions to problems in many parts of the world, experience, participation of water users and other stakeholders in water resource management, which has become imperative. Strategies require a realistic understanding of the surrounding environment. Outside, joined the opportunities available to companies and organizations, and also in the direction they make threats. In this study, in order to derive strategies for in management of water resources, SWOT strategy formulation technique which is used by internal and external factors affecting watershed groups, mining strategy and quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix using the group selects strategies. For this reason, the weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats of the use of experts and experts in the field of water and a review of studies in the field and brainstorming and group decision-making and the extraction rate and rank the importance of each of the factors in evaluation matrix were determined.
    [Show full text]
  • Modelling and Management of the Salt-Affected Jarreh Reservoir (Iran)
    SALINITY MANAGEMENT IN RIVER BASINS; MODELLING AND MANAGEMENT OF THE SALT-AFFECTED JARREH RESERVOIR (IRAN) CENTRALE LANDBOUWCATALOGUS 0000 0454 6491 Promotor: dr. ir. W.H. van der Molen emeritus hoogleraar in de agrohydrologie Co-promotor: ir. J.H.G. Verhagen toegevoegd docent, vakgroep Theoretische Produktie Ecologie K. Shiati SALINITY MANAGEMENT IN RIVER BASINS; MODELLING AND MANAGEMENT OF THE SALT-AFFECTED JARREH RESERVOIR (IRAN) Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor in de landbouw- en milieuwetenschappen op gezag van de rector magnificus, dr. H.C. van der Plas, in het openbaar te verdedigen op maandag 24 juni 1991 des namiddags te vier uur in de Aula van de Landbouwuniversiteit te Wageningen \7>n - 544 4it > And with water we have made all living things. The Koran B1BLI0THEEK' CHNDBOUWUNIVERSl'Uyji WAGENINGEN To my parents -o', /'/'?/ i/ -"> STATEMENTS 1. The brackish water resources of arid and semi-arid countries play a determining role in future agricultural development. 2. "Primary salinization" reflects an age-old situation. Human activities aggravate thisproble m by introducing "Secondary salinization". This thesis 3. Salinity is awate r quality problem with a regional character. Therefore, itssolutio nneed sa comprehensiv eregiona lapproac hbase do nimplementatio n ofa serie so fcatchmen tmanagement ,engineerin g andagricultura lmeasures . This thesis 4. The effects of water quality on irrigation are serious, but perhaps more serious is the effect of irrigation onwate r quality. Kandiah,A. , 1987.Wate r quality in food production. Water Quality Bulletin, 12,pp . 3-13. 5. The conventional guidelines for assessing water suitability for irrigation are conservative and inadequate. 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Description Study of Compsobuthus (Vachon, 1949)Species in South and Southwestern Iran (Scorpiones: Buthidae)
    Archives of Razi Institute, Vol. 63, No. 1, June (2008) 29-37 Copyright ©2008 by Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute Description study of Compsobuthus (Vachon, 1949)species in South and Southwestern Iran (Scorpiones: Buthidae) Navidpour, Sh. Razi Reference of Scorpion Research,Department of venomous animals and anti venom production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Ahvaz, Iran Received 10 Aug 2007; accepted 10 Mar 2008 ABSTRACT In the present study three species of Compsobuthus are described from Khoozestan province in Southwestern Iran:Compsobuthus matthiesseni &Compsobuthus jakesi From Bushehr and Fars provinces in Southern Iran: Compsobuthus matthiesseni , Compsobuthus persicus & Compsobuthus jakesi . The samples collected by UV light during filed studies of RRLS collecting team in these parts of Iran.Morphologic and morphometrical characters are discussed. Keywords: Scorpiones , Buthidae , Compsobuthus spp., Morphology, Morphometry ,Redescription. INTRODUCTION∗ scorpions is important in some part of Khoozestan specialy north parts (Izeh, Masjedesoleyman, and Before Vachon (1949) described Compsobuthus, Baghmalek). Dehghani et al (2009) identification of its species had been placed in Buthus Leach, 1818. C. matthiesseni with the prevalence of 20.6% as one The genus Compsobuthus initially included of the major species responsible for scorpion sting C.acutecarinatus and C. werneri, in which authors in Iran. placed as subspecies most taxa today regarded as separate species (Kovarik 2003). More recently several specialists studied this genus in some detail MATERIALS AND METHODS (Levy & Amitai, 1980, Sissom & Fet 1998, Lorenco In order to study the scorpions of south and south- & Monod 1998, Lorenco 1999, Vignoli, 2005), and west parts of Iran, some samplings were carried out in addition to introducingArchive new species also ofby night catchSID (UV light) method during March elaborated on new chracters and new understanding 2005 to November 2008.The specimens stored in of species-group taxa.
    [Show full text]
  • "Gūr-E Doḵtar: Parsi Art Architecture Style in Dashtestan"
    Archive of SID 1 "Gūr-e Doḵtar: Parsi Art architecture style in Dashtestan" Hamed.Sharifian History teacher of Islamic Azad University / Majlesi branch. [email protected] Abstract Most of the art lovers and specialists of art history adore Parsi artist’s skills. Considerations of the history of architecture in "Parsi" style could instruct us towards the origin of this architectural style. The ancient "Dashtestan" region was residential from the old ages and considered as one of the bases of seafaring and cruising of "Achaemenian" government in "Pars sea" ( Persian Gulf ) in Acheamenian era. Parsi style architecture works are seen a lot in this region and "Gūr-e Doḵtar" is one of those examples there have been different views stated about this exclusive building. Some people regard this building as a tomb and some others consider it as temple. Although everybody agrees on relating this building to Achaemenian era, but there are no similar views and agreements about its precise age. Consideration of the architecture of this building shows that Dashtestan was the origin of Achaemenian civilization and studying this building that belongs to one of the ancestors of "Cyrus the great" (Cyrus the great ) makes us acquainted with the transient stage of the Art architecture of "Elamid" style to "Parsi" Art architecture style. Key words: Art architecture, Parsi style, Achaemenians, Dashtestan, Gūr-e Doḵtar. www.SID.ir Archive of SID 2 Gūr-e Doḵtar: Parsi architecture 1 in Dashtestan I. Introduction There are a lot of historical indications from Achaemenian era in Dashtestan region that include over 20 various buildings, namely "Sang-siah" (Black stone) palace, "Bardak-siah" (Black Barak) palace, "Charkhab" palace, "Tappeh-ee" (Hill) palace, "Shahouie" garden , "Maze-ee Shahriari" (Royal Maze-ee) palace, "Borg" (Tower) palace, "Mill" (Minaret) palace, and some others, but Gūr-e Doḵtar is the most prominent one among them.
    [Show full text]