Ischigualasto Formation. the Second Is a Sile- Diversity Or Abundance, but This Result Was Based on Only 19 of Saurid, Ignotosaurus Fragilis (Fig
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JVP 26(3) September 2006—ABSTRACTS
Neoceti Symposium, Saturday 8:45 acid-prepared osteolepiforms Medoevia and Gogonasus has offered strong support for BODY SIZE AND CRYPTIC TROPHIC SEPARATION OF GENERALIZED Jarvik’s interpretation, but Eusthenopteron itself has not been reexamined in detail. PIERCE-FEEDING CETACEANS: THE ROLE OF FEEDING DIVERSITY DUR- Uncertainty has persisted about the relationship between the large endoskeletal “fenestra ING THE RISE OF THE NEOCETI endochoanalis” and the apparently much smaller choana, and about the occlusion of upper ADAM, Peter, Univ. of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; JETT, Kristin, Univ. of and lower jaw fangs relative to the choana. California, Davis, Davis, CA; OLSON, Joshua, Univ. of California, Los Angeles, Los A CT scan investigation of a large skull of Eusthenopteron, carried out in collaboration Angeles, CA with University of Texas and Parc de Miguasha, offers an opportunity to image and digital- Marine mammals with homodont dentition and relatively little specialization of the feeding ly “dissect” a complete three-dimensional snout region. We find that a choana is indeed apparatus are often categorized as generalist eaters of squid and fish. However, analyses of present, somewhat narrower but otherwise similar to that described by Jarvik. It does not many modern ecosystems reveal the importance of body size in determining trophic parti- receive the anterior coronoid fang, which bites mesial to the edge of the dermopalatine and tioning and diversity among predators. We established relationships between body sizes of is received by a pit in that bone. The fenestra endochoanalis is partly floored by the vomer extant cetaceans and their prey in order to infer prey size and potential trophic separation of and the dermopalatine, restricting the choana to the lateral part of the fenestra. -
First Palaeohistological Inference of Resting
First palaeohistological inference of resting metabolic rate in an extinct synapsid, Moghreberia nmachouensis (Therapsida: Anomodontia) Chloe Olivier, Alexandra Houssaye, Nour-Eddine Jalil, Jorge Cubo To cite this version: Chloe Olivier, Alexandra Houssaye, Nour-Eddine Jalil, Jorge Cubo. First palaeohistological inference of resting metabolic rate in an extinct synapsid, Moghreberia nmachouensis (Therapsida: Anomodon- tia). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, Linnean Society of London, 2017, 121 (2), pp.409-419. 10.1093/biolinnean/blw044. hal-01625105 HAL Id: hal-01625105 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01625105 Submitted on 27 Oct 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. First palaeohistological inference of resting metabolic rate in extinct synapsid, Moghreberia nmachouensis (Therapsida: Anomodontia) CHLOE OLIVIER1,2, ALEXANDRA HOUSSAYE3, NOUR-EDDINE JALIL2 and JORGE CUBO1* 1 Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7193, Institut des Sciences de la Terre Paris (iSTeP), 4 place Jussieu, BC 19, 75005, Paris, France 2 Sorbonne Universités -CR2P -MNHN, CNRS, UPMC-Paris6. Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 57 rue Cuvier, CP38. F-75005, Paris, France 3Département Écologie et Gestion de la Biodiversité, UMR 7179, CNRS/Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 55, Paris, 75005, France *Corresponding author. -
8. Archosaur Phylogeny and the Relationships of the Crocodylia
8. Archosaur phylogeny and the relationships of the Crocodylia MICHAEL J. BENTON Department of Geology, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK JAMES M. CLARK* Department of Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA Abstract The Archosauria include the living crocodilians and birds, as well as the fossil dinosaurs, pterosaurs, and basal 'thecodontians'. Cladograms of the basal archosaurs and of the crocodylomorphs are given in this paper. There are three primitive archosaur groups, the Proterosuchidae, the Erythrosuchidae, and the Proterochampsidae, which fall outside the crown-group (crocodilian line plus bird line), and these have been defined as plesions to a restricted Archosauria by Gauthier. The Early Triassic Euparkeria may also fall outside this crown-group, or it may lie on the bird line. The crown-group of archosaurs divides into the Ornithosuchia (the 'bird line': Orn- ithosuchidae, Lagosuchidae, Pterosauria, Dinosauria) and the Croco- dylotarsi nov. (the 'crocodilian line': Phytosauridae, Crocodylo- morpha, Stagonolepididae, Rauisuchidae, and Poposauridae). The latter three families may form a clade (Pseudosuchia s.str.), or the Poposauridae may pair off with Crocodylomorpha. The Crocodylomorpha includes all crocodilians, as well as crocodi- lian-like Triassic and Jurassic terrestrial forms. The Crocodyliformes include the traditional 'Protosuchia', 'Mesosuchia', and Eusuchia, and they are defined by a large number of synapomorphies, particularly of the braincase and occipital regions. The 'protosuchians' (mainly Early *Present address: Department of Zoology, Storer Hall, University of California, Davis, Cali- fornia, USA. The Phylogeny and Classification of the Tetrapods, Volume 1: Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds (ed. M.J. Benton), Systematics Association Special Volume 35A . pp. 295-338. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1988. -
O Esqueleto Pós-Craniano De Exaeretodon Riograndensis Abdala Et Al
Rev. bras. paleontol. 10(2):79-94, Maio/Agosto 2007 © 2007 by the Sociedade Brasileira de Paleontologia O ESQUELETO PÓS-CRANIANO DE EXAERETODON RIOGRANDENSIS ABDALA ET AL. (CYNODONTIA, TRAVERSODONTIDAE), TRIÁSSICO DO BRASIL TÉO VEIGA DE OLIVEIRA, CESAR LEANDRO SCHULTZ & MARINA BENTO SOARES Instituto de Geociências, UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] RESUMO – Pela primeira vez, elementos pós-cranianos de Exaeretodon riograndensis, um cinodonte traversodontídeo da Cenozona de Rhynchosauria da Formação Santa Maria, Neotriássico do sul do Brasil, são descritos e comparados com E. frenguellii e outros cinodontes não-mamalianos. O material inclui parte da coluna vertebral, radio, ulna e elementos da cintura pélvica. As diferenças mais significativas em relação a E. frenguellii estão na morfologia e nas dimensões do arco neural do atlas, na presença de intercentros em vértebras cervicais posteriores ao áxis e na ausência da dilatação do ápice do espinho neural das vértebras truncais. A morfologia da região sacral da coluna, do rádio, da ulna e da cintura pélvica são concordantes com o observado em E. frenguellii. A comparação com outros táxons de cinodontes não-mamalianos permite a observação da nítida evolução em mosaico do esqueleto pós-craniano destes animais: E. riograndensis mostra alguns caracteres similares a outros Cynognathia (grupo ao qual pertence), enquanto outros são mais próximos aos observados em alguns Probainognathia (incluindo mamíferos), como a natureza mais avançada do complexo atlas-áxis. Palavras-chave: Triássico, Brasil, Formação Santa Maria, Traversodontidae, Exaeretodon riograndensis, pós-crânio. ABSTRACT – THE POSTCRANIAL SKELETON OF EXAERETODON RIOGRANDENSIS ABDALA ET AL. -
Studies on Continental Late Triassic Tetrapod Biochronology. I. the Type Locality of Saturnalia Tupiniquim and the Faunal Succession in South Brazil
Journal of South American Earth Sciences 19 (2005) 205–218 www.elsevier.com/locate/jsames Studies on continental Late Triassic tetrapod biochronology. I. The type locality of Saturnalia tupiniquim and the faunal succession in south Brazil Max Cardoso Langer* Departamento de Biologia, FFCLRP, Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901 Ribeira˜o Preto, SP, Brazil Received 1 November 2003; accepted 1 January 2005 Abstract Late Triassic deposits of the Parana´ Basin, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, encompass a single third-order, tetrapod-bearing sedimentary sequence that includes parts of the Alemoa Member (Santa Maria Formation) and the Caturrita Formation. A rich, diverse succession of terrestrial tetrapod communities is recorded in these sediments, which can be divided into at least three faunal associations. The stem- sauropodomorph Saturnalia tupiniquim was collected in the locality known as ‘Waldsanga’ near the city of Santa Maria. In that area, the deposits of the Alemoa Member yield the ‘Alemoa local fauna,’ which typifies the first association; includes the rhynchosaur Hyperodapedon, aetosaurs, and basal dinosaurs; and is coeval with the lower fauna of the Ischigualasto Formation, Bermejo Basin, NW Argentina. The second association is recorded in deposits of both the Alemoa Member and the Caturrita Formation, characterized by the rhynchosaur ‘Scaphonyx’ sulcognathus and the cynodont Exaeretodon, and correlated with the upper fauna of the Ischigualasto Formation. Various isolated outcrops of the Caturrita Formation yield tetrapod fossils that correspond to post-Ischigualastian faunas but might not belong to a single faunal association. The record of the dicynodont Jachaleria suggests correlations with the lower part of the Los Colorados Formation, NW Argentina, whereas remains of derived tritheledontid cynodonts indicate younger ages. -
Um Novo E Peculiar Cinodonte Traversodontídeo Para O Triássico Médio Do Rio Grande Do Sul E Suas Implicações Para a Paleoecologia De
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL INSTITUTO DE GEOCIÊNCIAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM GEOCIÊNCIAS Um Novo e Peculiar Cinodonte Traversodontídeo para o Triássico Médio do Rio Grande do Sul e suas Implicações para a Paleoecologia de Cynodontia Míriam Reichel Orientador: Prof. Dr. Cesar Leandro Schultz Co-Orientadora: Profª. Drª. Marina Bento Soares Comissão Examinadora: Prof. Dr. José Fernando Bonaparte Prof. Dr. Mario Cozzuol Profª. Drª. Cristina Vega Dias Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada como requisito para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Livros Grátis http://www.livrosgratis.com.br Milhares de livros grátis para download. Reichel, Miriam Um novo e peculiar Cinodonte Traversodontídeo para triássico médio do Rio Grande do Sul e suas implicações para a Paleoecologia de Cynodontia. / Miriam Reichel. - Porto Alegre : UFRGS, 2006. [145 f.] il. Dissertação (Mestrado). - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Instituto de Geociências. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências. Porto Alegre, RS - BR, 2006. 1. Paleoecologia. 2. Cynodontia. 3. Traversodontidae. 4. Triássico Médio. 5. Formação Santa Maria. 6. Rio Grande do Sul. I. Título. _____________________________ Catalogação na Publicação Biblioteca Geociências - UFRGS Renata Cristina Grun CRB 10/1113 AGRADECIMENTOS • Ao professor Dr. José Fernando Bonaparte, pelos ensinamentos a respeito dos cinodontes, por estimular este trabalho, contribuindo com importantes comentários, e pela grande dedicação à paleontologia e àqueles que por ela se interessam. • Ao professor Dr. Cesar Leandro Schultz, por orientar este trabalho, por sempre tornar o ambiente de trabalho agradável, pelos conselhos e pela amizade. • À professora Dra. Marina Bento Soares, por me trazer para o mundo dos cinodontes, pela paciência e didática de fundamental importância para este trabalho, pelo carinho e pela amizade. -
Constraints on the Timescale of Animal Evolutionary History
Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org Constraints on the timescale of animal evolutionary history Michael J. Benton, Philip C.J. Donoghue, Robert J. Asher, Matt Friedman, Thomas J. Near, and Jakob Vinther ABSTRACT Dating the tree of life is a core endeavor in evolutionary biology. Rates of evolution are fundamental to nearly every evolutionary model and process. Rates need dates. There is much debate on the most appropriate and reasonable ways in which to date the tree of life, and recent work has highlighted some confusions and complexities that can be avoided. Whether phylogenetic trees are dated after they have been estab- lished, or as part of the process of tree finding, practitioners need to know which cali- brations to use. We emphasize the importance of identifying crown (not stem) fossils, levels of confidence in their attribution to the crown, current chronostratigraphic preci- sion, the primacy of the host geological formation and asymmetric confidence intervals. Here we present calibrations for 88 key nodes across the phylogeny of animals, rang- ing from the root of Metazoa to the last common ancestor of Homo sapiens. Close attention to detail is constantly required: for example, the classic bird-mammal date (base of crown Amniota) has often been given as 310-315 Ma; the 2014 international time scale indicates a minimum age of 318 Ma. Michael J. Benton. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, U.K. [email protected] Philip C.J. Donoghue. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, U.K. [email protected] Robert J. -
Mammalian Origins Major Groups of Synapsida
Mammalogy 4764 9/16/2009 Chapter 4 “Reptile” Mammalian Origins Early mammal Carnivore Amniota Herbivore Feldhamer Table 4.1 Savage and Long 1986 Major Fig. 3.2, Vaughn, Fig. 4.1, Feldhamer groups Mammalian Origins of Dimetrodon Overview Synapsida Synapsids Pelycosaurs and Therapsids First Mammals Mesozoic Era appear Feldhamer Fig. 4.2 Cenozoic Era radiate Savage and Long 1986 Pelycosaur Skull, jaw musculature, and teeth Cynodontia -- Advanced, predaceous therapsids Pelycosaur Scymnognathus Cynognathus Therapsid Early Cynodont Derived Therapsid/Mammal Primitive Late Cynodont Fig. 3.2, Vaughn Thrinaxodon Fig 4.3 & 4, Feldhamer 1 Mammalogy 4764 9/16/2009 Skeletal transition Extinction of Cynodonts Possibly competition from dinosaurs Pelycosaur Early Cynodonts were dog-size, last surviving were squirrel sized Fig. 4.15 Mammals that survived while Cynodonts went extinct (contemporary) were mouse-sized. Cynodont Thrinaxodon Modern Mammal Fig. 3.5, Vaughn Fig. 4.16c, Early Cynodont Early mammals Changes in land masses Feldhamer 4.11 200 - 250 million years ago Derived characters: Dentary/squamosal jaw articulation Diphyodont dentition 200 MYA 180 MYA Mammary glands Secondary palate Early Mid- Viviparity (loss of eggshell) When? Jurassic Jurassic 65 MYA 135 MYA Early Early Cretaceous Cenozoic Feldhamer 4.5, 4.9 Skull and teeth of mammals 2 Mammalogy 4764 9/16/2009 Teeth and Dentition of Mammals Teeth Heterodont teeth with different functions Differentiated on the basis of function, resulting in increased One of the major keys efficiency acquiring and digesting food. to success of mammals Teeth occur in 3 bones of skull: Teeth of mammals are premaxilla, maxilla, dentary extremely variable with different diets -- more than other taxa Feldhamer et al. -
Late Triassic) Adrian P
New Mexico Geological Society Downloaded from: http://nmgs.nmt.edu/publications/guidebooks/56 Definition and correlation of the Lamyan: A new biochronological unit for the nonmarine Late Carnian (Late Triassic) Adrian P. Hunt, Spencer G. Lucas, and Andrew B. Heckert, 2005, pp. 357-366 in: Geology of the Chama Basin, Lucas, Spencer G.; Zeigler, Kate E.; Lueth, Virgil W.; Owen, Donald E.; [eds.], New Mexico Geological Society 56th Annual Fall Field Conference Guidebook, 456 p. This is one of many related papers that were included in the 2005 NMGS Fall Field Conference Guidebook. Annual NMGS Fall Field Conference Guidebooks Every fall since 1950, the New Mexico Geological Society (NMGS) has held an annual Fall Field Conference that explores some region of New Mexico (or surrounding states). Always well attended, these conferences provide a guidebook to participants. Besides detailed road logs, the guidebooks contain many well written, edited, and peer-reviewed geoscience papers. These books have set the national standard for geologic guidebooks and are an essential geologic reference for anyone working in or around New Mexico. Free Downloads NMGS has decided to make peer-reviewed papers from our Fall Field Conference guidebooks available for free download. Non-members will have access to guidebook papers two years after publication. Members have access to all papers. This is in keeping with our mission of promoting interest, research, and cooperation regarding geology in New Mexico. However, guidebook sales represent a significant proportion of our operating budget. Therefore, only research papers are available for download. Road logs, mini-papers, maps, stratigraphic charts, and other selected content are available only in the printed guidebooks. -
University of Birmingham the Earliest Bird-Line Archosaurs and The
University of Birmingham The earliest bird-line archosaurs and the assembly of the dinosaur body plan Nesbitt, Sterling; Butler, Richard; Ezcurra, Martin; Barrett, Paul; Stocker, Michelle; Angielczyk, Kenneth; Smith, Roger; Sidor, Christian; Niedzwiedzki, Grzegorz; Sennikov, Andrey; Charig, Alan DOI: 10.1038/nature22037 License: None: All rights reserved Document Version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (Harvard): Nesbitt, S, Butler, R, Ezcurra, M, Barrett, P, Stocker, M, Angielczyk, K, Smith, R, Sidor, C, Niedzwiedzki, G, Sennikov, A & Charig, A 2017, 'The earliest bird-line archosaurs and the assembly of the dinosaur body plan', Nature, vol. 544, no. 7651, pp. 484-487. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature22037 Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: Checked for eligibility: 03/03/2017. General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain. Where a licence is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern your use of this document. -
A Re-Evaluation of the Enigmatic Dinosauriform Caseosaurus Crosbyensis from the Late Triassic of Texas, USA and Its Implications for Early Dinosaur Evolution
A re-evaluation of the enigmatic dinosauriform Caseosaurus crosbyensis from the Late Triassic of Texas, USA and its implications for early dinosaur evolution MATTHEW G. BARON and MEGAN E. WILLIAMS Baron, M.G. and Williams, M.E. 2018. A re-evaluation of the enigmatic dinosauriform Caseosaurus crosbyensis from the Late Triassic of Texas, USA and its implications for early dinosaur evolution. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 63 (1): 129–145. The holotype specimen of the Late Triassic dinosauriform Caseosaurus crosbyensis is redescribed and evaluated phylogenetically for the first time, providing new anatomical information and data on the earliest dinosaurs and their evolution within the dinosauromorph lineage. Historically, Caseosaurus crosbyensis has been considered to represent an early saurischian dinosaur, and often a herrerasaur. More recent work on Triassic dinosaurs has cast doubt over its supposed dinosaurian affinities and uncertainty about particular features in the holotype and only known specimen has led to the species being regarded as a dinosauriform of indeterminate position. Here, we present a new diagnosis for Caseosaurus crosbyensis and refer additional material to the taxon—a partial right ilium from Snyder Quarry. Our com- parisons and phylogenetic analyses suggest that Caseosaurus crosbyensis belongs in a clade with herrerasaurs and that this clade is the sister taxon of Dinosauria, rather than positioned within it. This result, along with other recent analyses of early dinosaurs, pulls apart what remains of the “traditional” group of dinosaurs collectively termed saurischians into a polyphyletic assemblage and implies that Dinosauria should be regarded as composed exclusively of Ornithoscelida (Ornithischia + Theropoda) and Sauropodomorpha. In addition, our analysis recovers the enigmatic European taxon Saltopus elginensis among herrerasaurs for the first time. -
On the Presence of the Subnarial Foramen in Prestosuchus Chiniquensis (Pseudosuchia: Loricata) with Remarks on Its Phylogenetic Distribution
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (2016) (Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences) Printed version ISSN 0001-3765 / Online version ISSN 1678-2690 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201620150456 www.scielo.br/aabc On the presence of the subnarial foramen in Prestosuchus chiniquensis (Pseudosuchia: Loricata) with remarks on its phylogenetic distribution LÚCIO ROBERTO-DA-SILVA1,2, MARCO A.G. FRANÇA3, SÉRGIO F. CABREIRA3, RODRIGO T. MÜLLER1 and SÉRGIO DIAS-DA-SILVA4 ¹Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Bairro Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brasil ²Laboratório de Paleontologia, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Av. Farroupilha, 8001, Bairro São José, 92425-900 Canoas, RS, Brasil ³Laboratório de Paleontologia e Evolução de Petrolina, Campus de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Rodovia BR 407, Km12, Lote 543, 56300-000 Petrolina, PE, Brasil 4Centro de Apoio à Pesquisa da Quarta Colônia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rua Maximiliano Vizzotto, 598, 97230-000 São João do Polêsine, RS, Brasil Manuscript received on July 1, 2015; accepted for publication on April 15, 2016 ABSTRACT Many authors have discussed the subnarial foramen in Archosauriformes. Here presence among Archosauriformes, shape, and position of this structure is reported and its phylogenetic importance is investigated. Based on distribution and the phylogenetic tree, it probably arose independently in Erythrosuchus, Herrerasaurus, and Paracrocodylomorpha. In Paracrocodylomorpha the subnarial foramen is oval-shaped, placed in the middle height of the main body of the maxilla, and does not reach the height of ascending process. In basal loricatans from South America (Prestosuchus chiniquensis and Saurosuchus galilei) the subnarial foramen is ‘drop-like’ shaped, the subnarial foramen is located above the middle height of the main body of the maxilla, reaching the height of ascending process, a condition also present in Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis.