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Ischigualasto Formation. the Second Is a Sile- Diversity Or Abundance, but This Result Was Based on Only 19 of Saurid, Ignotosaurus Fragilis (Fig
This article was downloaded by: [University of Chicago Library] On: 10 October 2013, At: 10:52 Publisher: Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ujvp20 Vertebrate succession in the Ischigualasto Formation Ricardo N. Martínez a , Cecilia Apaldetti a b , Oscar A. Alcober a , Carina E. Colombi a b , Paul C. Sereno c , Eliana Fernandez a b , Paula Santi Malnis a b , Gustavo A. Correa a b & Diego Abelin a a Instituto y Museo de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan , España 400 (norte), San Juan , Argentina , CP5400 b Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas , Buenos Aires , Argentina c Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, and Committee on Evolutionary Biology , University of Chicago , 1027 East 57th Street, Chicago , Illinois , 60637 , U.S.A. Published online: 08 Oct 2013. To cite this article: Ricardo N. Martínez , Cecilia Apaldetti , Oscar A. Alcober , Carina E. Colombi , Paul C. Sereno , Eliana Fernandez , Paula Santi Malnis , Gustavo A. Correa & Diego Abelin (2012) Vertebrate succession in the Ischigualasto Formation, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 32:sup1, 10-30, DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2013.818546 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2013.818546 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. -
8. Archosaur Phylogeny and the Relationships of the Crocodylia
8. Archosaur phylogeny and the relationships of the Crocodylia MICHAEL J. BENTON Department of Geology, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK JAMES M. CLARK* Department of Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA Abstract The Archosauria include the living crocodilians and birds, as well as the fossil dinosaurs, pterosaurs, and basal 'thecodontians'. Cladograms of the basal archosaurs and of the crocodylomorphs are given in this paper. There are three primitive archosaur groups, the Proterosuchidae, the Erythrosuchidae, and the Proterochampsidae, which fall outside the crown-group (crocodilian line plus bird line), and these have been defined as plesions to a restricted Archosauria by Gauthier. The Early Triassic Euparkeria may also fall outside this crown-group, or it may lie on the bird line. The crown-group of archosaurs divides into the Ornithosuchia (the 'bird line': Orn- ithosuchidae, Lagosuchidae, Pterosauria, Dinosauria) and the Croco- dylotarsi nov. (the 'crocodilian line': Phytosauridae, Crocodylo- morpha, Stagonolepididae, Rauisuchidae, and Poposauridae). The latter three families may form a clade (Pseudosuchia s.str.), or the Poposauridae may pair off with Crocodylomorpha. The Crocodylomorpha includes all crocodilians, as well as crocodi- lian-like Triassic and Jurassic terrestrial forms. The Crocodyliformes include the traditional 'Protosuchia', 'Mesosuchia', and Eusuchia, and they are defined by a large number of synapomorphies, particularly of the braincase and occipital regions. The 'protosuchians' (mainly Early *Present address: Department of Zoology, Storer Hall, University of California, Davis, Cali- fornia, USA. The Phylogeny and Classification of the Tetrapods, Volume 1: Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds (ed. M.J. Benton), Systematics Association Special Volume 35A . pp. 295-338. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1988. -
Tetrapod Biostratigraphy and Biochronology of the Triassic–Jurassic Transition on the Southern Colorado Plateau, USA
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 244 (2007) 242–256 www.elsevier.com/locate/palaeo Tetrapod biostratigraphy and biochronology of the Triassic–Jurassic transition on the southern Colorado Plateau, USA Spencer G. Lucas a,⁎, Lawrence H. Tanner b a New Mexico Museum of Natural History, 1801 Mountain Rd. N.W., Albuquerque, NM 87104-1375, USA b Department of Biology, Le Moyne College, 1419 Salt Springs Road, Syracuse, NY 13214, USA Received 15 March 2006; accepted 20 June 2006 Abstract Nonmarine fluvial, eolian and lacustrine strata of the Chinle and Glen Canyon groups on the southern Colorado Plateau preserve tetrapod body fossils and footprints that are one of the world's most extensive tetrapod fossil records across the Triassic– Jurassic boundary. We organize these tetrapod fossils into five, time-successive biostratigraphic assemblages (in ascending order, Owl Rock, Rock Point, Dinosaur Canyon, Whitmore Point and Kayenta) that we assign to the (ascending order) Revueltian, Apachean, Wassonian and Dawan land-vertebrate faunachrons (LVF). In doing so, we redefine the Wassonian and the Dawan LVFs. The Apachean–Wassonian boundary approximates the Triassic–Jurassic boundary. This tetrapod biostratigraphy and biochronology of the Triassic–Jurassic transition on the southern Colorado Plateau confirms that crurotarsan extinction closely corresponds to the end of the Triassic, and that a dramatic increase in dinosaur diversity, abundance and body size preceded the end of the Triassic. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Triassic–Jurassic boundary; Colorado Plateau; Chinle Group; Glen Canyon Group; Tetrapod 1. Introduction 190 Ma. On the southern Colorado Plateau, the Triassic– Jurassic transition was a time of significant changes in the The Four Corners (common boundary of Utah, composition of the terrestrial vertebrate (tetrapod) fauna. -
The Triassic Period - 251 to 205 MY - Tectonics and Climate Life in the Oceans Jarðsaga 1 - Saga Lífs Og Lands – -Ólafur Ingólfsson the Triassic Period
The Triassic Period - 251 to 205 MY - Tectonics and climate Life in the Oceans Jarðsaga 1 - Saga Lífs og Lands – -Ólafur Ingólfsson The Triassic Period The first period of the Mesozoic Era is the Triassic Period, which lasted from 251 to 205 million years ago. The name Triassic comes from Germany where it was originally named the Trias in 1834 by Friedrich August Von Alberti (1795- 1878) because it is represented by a three-part division of rock types in Germany. Triassic tectonic development In many ways, the Triassic was a time of transition. Pangea was fully assembled and remained so through the Triassic, affecting global climate and ocean circulation... Early Triassic climate The Triassic was a greenhouse world, with no evidence of ice at the poles. The interior of Pangea was hot and dry, and warm, temperate climates extended to the Poles. Pangea starts breaking up towards the end of the Triassic Towards the end of the Triassic, a rift develops between Gondwana and Laurasia The first chapter in the formation of the Atlantic Ocean... Late Triassic climate Global climate was warm during the Late Triassic. There was no ice at either North or South Poles. More pronounced climate zonation than during the Early Triassic, less extension of arid areas. Warm temperate conditions extended towards the poles. Space for new life forms to develop The Triassic followed the largest extinction event in the history of life, when 75-90% of all marine species vanished at the end of the Permian. This provided an opportunity for new lifeforms... Triassic marine deposits rather rare Sea level was fairly constant through the Triassic; lack of transgressions makes marine deposits rather rare in the geological record. -
71St Annual Meeting Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Paris Las Vegas Las Vegas, Nevada, USA November 2 – 5, 2011 SESSION CONCURRENT SESSION CONCURRENT
ISSN 1937-2809 online Journal of Supplement to the November 2011 Vertebrate Paleontology Vertebrate Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Society of Vertebrate 71st Annual Meeting Paleontology Society of Vertebrate Las Vegas Paris Nevada, USA Las Vegas, November 2 – 5, 2011 Program and Abstracts Society of Vertebrate Paleontology 71st Annual Meeting Program and Abstracts COMMITTEE MEETING ROOM POSTER SESSION/ CONCURRENT CONCURRENT SESSION EXHIBITS SESSION COMMITTEE MEETING ROOMS AUCTION EVENT REGISTRATION, CONCURRENT MERCHANDISE SESSION LOUNGE, EDUCATION & OUTREACH SPEAKER READY COMMITTEE MEETING POSTER SESSION ROOM ROOM SOCIETY OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS SEVENTY-FIRST ANNUAL MEETING PARIS LAS VEGAS HOTEL LAS VEGAS, NV, USA NOVEMBER 2–5, 2011 HOST COMMITTEE Stephen Rowland, Co-Chair; Aubrey Bonde, Co-Chair; Joshua Bonde; David Elliott; Lee Hall; Jerry Harris; Andrew Milner; Eric Roberts EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Philip Currie, President; Blaire Van Valkenburgh, Past President; Catherine Forster, Vice President; Christopher Bell, Secretary; Ted Vlamis, Treasurer; Julia Clarke, Member at Large; Kristina Curry Rogers, Member at Large; Lars Werdelin, Member at Large SYMPOSIUM CONVENORS Roger B.J. Benson, Richard J. Butler, Nadia B. Fröbisch, Hans C.E. Larsson, Mark A. Loewen, Philip D. Mannion, Jim I. Mead, Eric M. Roberts, Scott D. Sampson, Eric D. Scott, Kathleen Springer PROGRAM COMMITTEE Jonathan Bloch, Co-Chair; Anjali Goswami, Co-Chair; Jason Anderson; Paul Barrett; Brian Beatty; Kerin Claeson; Kristina Curry Rogers; Ted Daeschler; David Evans; David Fox; Nadia B. Fröbisch; Christian Kammerer; Johannes Müller; Emily Rayfield; William Sanders; Bruce Shockey; Mary Silcox; Michelle Stocker; Rebecca Terry November 2011—PROGRAM AND ABSTRACTS 1 Members and Friends of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, The Host Committee cordially welcomes you to the 71st Annual Meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology in Las Vegas. -
Parker's (2003) Thesis
CHAPTER 8 TAXONOMY OF THE STAGONOLEPIDIDAE SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY ARCHOSAURIA Cope, 1869 PSEUDOSUCHIA Zittel 1887-1890 sensu Gauthier, 1986 SUCHIA Krebs, 1974 STAGONOLEPIDIDAE Lydekker, 1887 Revised diagnosis -- Pseudosuchians that possess the following synapomorphies: premaxilla that is edentulous anteriorly and upturned into a mediolaterally expanded “shovel” at its terminus; external nares much longer than antorbital fenestra; supratemporal fenestra laterally exposed; small peg-like teeth possessing bulbous crowns that are waisted; posterior ramus of jugal downturned; mandible is “slipper-shaped” with an acute anterior terminus; dentary is edentulous anteriorly; posterior margin of parietal modified to receive paramedian scutes; proximal humerus greatly expanded with hypertrophied deltopectoral crest; femur, straight, not twisted, with a hypertrophied, knob-like fourth trochanter; laterally expanded transverse processes in the dorsal series that contain both rib facets; well-developed accessory (hyposphene-hypantrum) articulations on the dorsal vertebrae; iliac blade high, thickened dorsally; anterior iliac blade, short, robust, and slightly recurved ventrally; an extensive carapace of rectangular (wider than long) osteoderms occurring in four distinct rows; and extensive ventral and appendicular armor (Parrish, 1994; Long and Murry, 1995; Heckert and Lucas, 2000; Small, 2002). The synonymy lists in this chapter are modified from Heckert and Lucas (2000). STAGONOLEPININAE Heckert and Lucas, 2000 Huene (1942) originally used the name “Stagonolepinae” as a subfamily for Stagonolepis. Heckert and Lucas (2000) modified this to Stagonolepininae and defined it cladistically. Stagonolepininae is defined as a stem-based taxon by Heckert and Lucas (2000:1551) consisting of all stagonolepididids “more closely related to Stagonolepis than the last common ancestor of Stagonolepis and Desmatosuchus.” Stagonolepininae consists of Coahomasuchus + Aetosaurus + Stagonolepis + Typothoraxinae. -
A Revision of the Upper Triassic Ornithischian Dinosaur Revueltosaurus, with a Description of a New Species
Heckert, A.B" and Lucas, S.O., eds., 2002, Upper Triassic Stratigraphy and Paleontology. New Mexico Museum of Natural History & Science Bulletin No.2 J. 253 A REVISION OF THE UPPER TRIASSIC ORNITHISCHIAN DINOSAUR REVUELTOSAURUS, WITH A DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES ANDREW B. HECKERT New Mexico Museum of Natural History, 1801 Mountain Road NW, Albuquerque, NM 87104-1375 Abstract-Ornithischian dinosaur body fossils are extremely rare in Triassic rocks worldwide, and to date the majority of such fossils consist of isolated teeth. Revueltosaurus is the most common Upper Triassic ornithischian dinosaur and is known from Chinle Group strata in New Mexico and Arizona. Historically, all large (>1 cm tall) and many small ornithischian dinosaur teeth from the Chinle have been referred to the type species, Revueltosaurus callenderi Hunt. A careful re-examination of the type and referred material of Revueltosaurus callenderi reveals that: (1) R. callenderi is a valid taxon, in spite of cladistic arguments to the contrary; (2) many teeth previously referred to R. callenderi, particularly from the Placerias quarry, instead represent other, more basal, ornithischians; and (3) teeth from the vicinity of St. Johns, Arizona, and Lamy, New Mexico previously referred to R. callenderi pertain to a new spe cies, named Revueltosaurus hunti here. R. hunti is more derived than R. callenderi and is one of the most derived Triassic ornithischians. However, detailed biostratigraphy indicates that R. hunti is older (Adamanian: latest Carnian) than R. callenderi (Revueltian: early-mid Norian). Both taxa have great potential as index taxa of their respective faunachrons and support existing biochronologies based on other tetrapods, megafossil plants, palynostratigraphy, and lithostratigraphy. -
01 Oliveira & Pinheiro RBP V20 N2 COR.Indd
Rev. bras. paleontol. 20(2):155-162, Maio/Agosto 2017 © 2017 by the Sociedade Brasileira de Paleontologia doi: 10.4072/rbp.2017.2.01 ISOLATED ARCHOSAURIFORM TEETH FROM THE UPPER TRIASSIC CANDELÁRIA SEQUENCE (HYPERODAPEDON ASSEMBLAGE ZONE, SOUTHERN BRAZIL) TIANE MACEDO DE OLIVEIRA & FELIPE L. PINHEIRO Laboratório de Paleobiologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, R. Aluízio Barros Macedo, BR 290, km 423, 97300-000, São Gabriel, RS, Brazil. [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT – We describe isolated teeth found in the locality “Sítio Piveta” (Hyperodapedon Assemblage Zone, Candelaria Sequence, Upper Triassic of the Paraná Basin). The material consists of five specimens, here classified into three different morphotypes. The morphotype I is characterized by pronounced elongation, rounded base and symmetry between lingual and labial surfaces. The morphotype II presents serrated mesial and distal edges, mesial denticles decreasing in size toward the base, distal denticles present until the base and asymmetry, with a flat lingual side and rounded labial side. The morphotype III, although similar to morphotype II, has a greater inclination of the posterior carinae. The conservative dental morphology in Archosauriformes makes difficult an accurate taxonomic assignment based only on isolated teeth. However, the specimens we present are attributable to “Rauisuchia” (morphotype II and III) and, possibly, Phytosauria (morphotype I). The putative presence of a phytosaur in the Carnian Hyperodapedon Assemblage Zone would have impact in the South American distribution of the group. The taxonomic assignments proposed herein contribute to the faunal composition of the Hyperodapedon Assemblage Zone, a critical unit on the study of the Upper Triassic radiation of archosaurs. -
On the Presence of the Subnarial Foramen in Prestosuchus Chiniquensis (Pseudosuchia: Loricata) with Remarks on Its Phylogenetic Distribution
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (2016) (Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences) Printed version ISSN 0001-3765 / Online version ISSN 1678-2690 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201620150456 www.scielo.br/aabc On the presence of the subnarial foramen in Prestosuchus chiniquensis (Pseudosuchia: Loricata) with remarks on its phylogenetic distribution LÚCIO ROBERTO-DA-SILVA1,2, MARCO A.G. FRANÇA3, SÉRGIO F. CABREIRA3, RODRIGO T. MÜLLER1 and SÉRGIO DIAS-DA-SILVA4 ¹Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Bairro Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brasil ²Laboratório de Paleontologia, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Av. Farroupilha, 8001, Bairro São José, 92425-900 Canoas, RS, Brasil ³Laboratório de Paleontologia e Evolução de Petrolina, Campus de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Rodovia BR 407, Km12, Lote 543, 56300-000 Petrolina, PE, Brasil 4Centro de Apoio à Pesquisa da Quarta Colônia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rua Maximiliano Vizzotto, 598, 97230-000 São João do Polêsine, RS, Brasil Manuscript received on July 1, 2015; accepted for publication on April 15, 2016 ABSTRACT Many authors have discussed the subnarial foramen in Archosauriformes. Here presence among Archosauriformes, shape, and position of this structure is reported and its phylogenetic importance is investigated. Based on distribution and the phylogenetic tree, it probably arose independently in Erythrosuchus, Herrerasaurus, and Paracrocodylomorpha. In Paracrocodylomorpha the subnarial foramen is oval-shaped, placed in the middle height of the main body of the maxilla, and does not reach the height of ascending process. In basal loricatans from South America (Prestosuchus chiniquensis and Saurosuchus galilei) the subnarial foramen is ‘drop-like’ shaped, the subnarial foramen is located above the middle height of the main body of the maxilla, reaching the height of ascending process, a condition also present in Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis. -
And Early Jurassic Sediments, and Patterns of the Triassic-Jurassic
and Early Jurassic sediments, and patterns of the Triassic-Jurassic PAUL E. OLSEN AND tetrapod transition HANS-DIETER SUES Introduction parent answer was that the supposed mass extinc- The Late Triassic-Early Jurassic boundary is fre- tions in the tetrapod record were largely an artifact quently cited as one of the thirteen or so episodes of incorrect or questionable biostratigraphic corre- of major extinctions that punctuate Phanerozoic his- lations. On reexamining the problem, we have come tory (Colbert 1958; Newell 1967; Hallam 1981; Raup to realize that the kinds of patterns revealed by look- and Sepkoski 1982, 1984). These times of apparent ing at the change in taxonomic composition through decimation stand out as one class of the great events time also profoundly depend on the taxonomic levels in the history of life. and the sampling intervals examined. We address Renewed interest in the pattern of mass ex- those problems in this chapter. We have now found tinctions through time has stimulated novel and com- that there does indeed appear to be some sort of prehensive attempts to relate these patterns to other extinction event, but it cannot be examined at the terrestrial and extraterrestrial phenomena (see usual coarse levels of resolution. It requires new fine- Chapter 24). The Triassic-Jurassic boundary takes scaled documentation of specific faunal and floral on special significance in this light. First, the faunal transitions. transitions have been cited as even greater in mag- Stratigraphic correlation of geographically dis- nitude than those of the Cretaceous or the Permian junct rocks and assemblages predetermines our per- (Colbert 1958; Hallam 1981; see also Chapter 24). -
New Insights on Prestosuchus Chiniquensis Huene
New insights on Prestosuchus chiniquensis Huene, 1942 (Pseudosuchia, Loricata) based on new specimens from the “Tree Sanga” Outcrop, Chiniqua´ Region, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Marcel B. Lacerda1, Bianca M. Mastrantonio1, Daniel C. Fortier2 and Cesar L. Schultz1 1 Instituto de Geocieˆncias, Laborato´rio de Paleovertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul–UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil 2 CHNUFPI, Campus Amı´lcar Ferreira Sobral, Universidade Federal do Piauı´, Floriano, Piauı´, Brazil ABSTRACT The ‘rauisuchians’ are a group of Triassic pseudosuchian archosaurs that displayed a near global distribution. Their problematic taxonomic resolution comes from the fact that most taxa are represented only by a few and/or mostly incomplete specimens. In the last few decades, renewed interest in early archosaur evolution has helped to clarify some of these problems, but further studies on the taxonomic and paleobiological aspects are still needed. In the present work, we describe new material attributed to the ‘rauisuchian’ taxon Prestosuchus chiniquensis, of the Dinodontosaurus Assemblage Zone, Middle Triassic (Ladinian) of the Santa Maria Supersequence of southern Brazil, based on a comparative osteologic analysis. Additionally, we present well supported evidence that these represent juvenile forms, due to differences in osteological features (i.e., a subnarial fenestra) that when compared to previously described specimens can be attributed to ontogeny and indicate variation within a single taxon of a problematic but important -
Magnetostratigraphy of the Upper Triassic Chinle Group of New Mexico: Implications for Regional and Global Correlations Among Upper Triassic Sequences
Magnetostratigraphy of the Upper Triassic Chinle Group of New Mexico: Implications for regional and global correlations among Upper Triassic sequences Kate E. Zeigler1,* and John W. Geissman2,* 1Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, MSC 03-2040 Northrop Hall, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA 2Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, MSC 03-2040 Northrop Hall, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA, and Department of Geosciences, ROC 21, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080-3021, USA ABSTRACT polarity chronologies from upper Chinle graphic correlations (e.g., Reeve, 1975; Reeve and strata in New Mexico and Utah suggest that Helsley, 1972; Bazard and Butler, 1989, 1991; A magnetic polarity zonation for the strata considered to be part of the Rock Point Molina-Garza et al., 1991, 1993, 1996, 1998a, Upper Triassic Chinle Group in the Chama Formation in north-central New Mexico are 1998b, 2003; Steiner and Lucas, 2000). Conse- Basin, north-central New Mexico (United not time equivalent to type Rock Point strata quently, the polarity record of the mudstones and States), supplemented by polarity data from in Utah or to the Redonda Formation of east- claystones, which are the principal rock types in eastern and west-central New Mexico (Mesa ern New Mexico. the Chinle Group, is largely unknown. Redonda and Zuni Mountains, respectively), In our study of Triassic strata in the Chama provides the most complete and continuous INTRODUCTION Basin of north-central New Mexico, we sam- magnetic polarity chronology for the Late pled all components of the Chinle Group, with Triassic of the American Southwest yet avail- The Upper Triassic Chinle Group, prominent a focus on mudstones and claystones at Coyote able.