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Eesti Teaduste Akadeemia Aastaraamat 2020 XXVI (53) Facta non solum verba EESTI TEADUSTE AKADEEMIA AASTARAAMAT FAKTID JA ARVUD ANNALES ACADEMIAE SCIENTIARUM ESTONICAE XXVI (53) 2020 TALLINN 2021 Koostaja: Terje Tuisk Toimetajad: Siiri Jakobson, Jaak Järv, Tarmo Soomere (peatoimetaja) Aastaraamatu valmistasid ette: Silja Kala, Margit Lehis, Marika Pärn, Tiina Rahkama, Ülle Raud, Ülle Sirk, Piret Suurväli Küljendaja: Erje Hakman Fotode autorid: Annika Haas (lk 13, 14, 16, 17), Reti Kokk (21, 43, 89, 92, 94, 97, 99), Maris Krünvald (43–45), Jaan Künnap (88), Kaja Laane (44), Peeter Langovits (85), Marko Söönurm (43), Linda Tammisto (91), Andres Tennus, Tartu ülikool (44, 95), Albert Truuväärt, Riigikantselei (44). Ülejäänud fotod on pärit akadeemia arhiivist. Koostajad tänavad: Agnes Aljas, Madis Arukask, Villem Aruoja, Toomas Asser, Mai Beilmann, Martin Eessalu, Rainis Haller, Arvi Hamburg, Sirje Helme, Marin Jänes, Jaak Järv, Erkki Karo, Marko Kass, Marco Kirm, Kerri Kotta, Urmas Kõljalg, Jakob Kübarsepp, Tiina Laansalu, Valter Lang, Margus Lopp, Tiit Lukk, Piret Lukkanen, Märt ­Läänemets, Killu Mei, Andres Metspalu, Peeter Müürsepp, Urmas Nõmmik, Taavi Pae, Hannes Palang, Jüri Plado, Katre Pärn, Kaido Reivelt, Andrus Ristkok, Tarmo Soomere, Antti Tamm, Urmas Tartes, Jaana Tõnisson, Neeme Tõnisson, Marja Unt, Rein Vaikmäe, Eero Vasar, Andre Veskioja, Piret Villo. Trükitud trükikojas Paar ISSN 1406-149x (trükiväljaanne) © EESTI TEADUSTE AKADEEMIA ISSN 2674-1628 (võrguväljaanne) SISUKORD SAATEKS ............................................................................................................................................... 5 KROONIKA 2020 .................................................................................................................................. 6 AKADEEMIA JA AKADEEMIKUTE TEGEVUS ............................................................................. 12 Riigi teaduspreemiad ........................................................................................................................ 12 Eesti teaduste akadeemia teekaart .................................................................................................... 19 Liikmeskond ..................................................................................................................................... 21 Personaalia ....................................................................................................................................... 24 Üldkogud .......................................................................................................................................... 29 AKADEEMIA JUURES TEGUTSEVAD EKSPERTKOGUD ........................................................... 36 TUNNUSTUSED AKADEEMIKUTELE JA AKADEEMIALT ......................................................... 43 AKADEEMIA VÄLJAANDED ........................................................................................................... 47 RAHVUSVAHELINE KOOSTÖÖ ...................................................................................................... 48 TEADUSTE AKADEEMIA KIRJASTUS ........................................................................................... 51 UNDERI JA TUGLASE KIRJANDUSKESKUS ................................................................................ 53 AKADEEMIAGA ASSOTSIEERUNUD ASUTUSTE TEGEVUS .................................................... 58 AKADEEMIAGA ASSOTSIEERUNUD ORGANISATSIOONIDE TEGEVUS ............................... 65 ARVAMUSI AKADEEMIKUTELT ..................................................................................................... 83 JUUBELID ........................................................................................................................................... 85 IN MEMORIAM .................................................................................................................................. 95 Akadeemik Ilmar Koppel ................................................................................................................. 95 Akadeemik Valdek Kulbach ............................................................................................................. 97 Akadeemik Enn Tõugu..................................................................................................................... 99 Akadeemik Tšeslav Luštšik ........................................................................................................... 101 FINANTSTEGEVUS ......................................................................................................................... 103 INIMESED JA KONTAKTID ............................................................................................................ 104 SAATEKS Nii mõneski Austraaliast tulnud kirjas on kuupäeva ja anda. Pole mingit põhjust arvata, et muul ajal või mõne aasta arvu 2020 järel koma ja sõnad „aasta, mida polnud“. muu probleemi käsitlemisel me seda ei suudaks. Eesti ja eriti teadusmaastiku kohta nii öelda ei saa. Suvine erakorraline üldkogu tegi minimaalselt Vähemalt kolm protsessi läheb sellest aastast ajalukku. vajaliku hulga muutusi, mis võimaldavad akadeemial saja- Esiteks, riigi juhid ei ole enam kaugeltki meie riigi kõige protsendiliselt toimida elektrooniliste vahendite kaudu. mõjukamad inimesed. Teiseks, tegelikkuseks sai teaduse Akadeemia mõte on koos toimida, saavutada seda, et finantseerimise kokkulepe protsentides 1% tasemel tervikuna oleksime palju rohkem kui liidetavate lihtne sisemajanduse kogutoodangust. Kolmandaks, COVID- summa. Akadeemia mõte ei ole kodus istudes üldkogu 19 pandeemia tõi ühiskonna teadvusse selle, kui olulised pidada. Aga vahel võib olla vaja rakendada seda lubavat on teadus ja teaduspõhisus. Mis realiseerus muu hulgas reeglit. Detsembri üldkogu toimuski põhiosas elektroo- ka selle kaudu, et teadlaste osa Eesti iseseisvumise taas- niliste kanalite kaudu, seejuures hääletused täielikult tamises ja hoidmises sai riikliku tunnustuskivi. elektroonilistelt. Tulemusena on meil kolm suurepärast See kolmas joon tegi korrektiive pea kõigisse uut akadeemikut. akadeemia ja meiega assotsieerunud asutuste ja seltside Ürituste kolimine virtuaalruumi ja reisidest loobu- plaanidesse. Suur osa tegemistest kolis internetti. Mõni mine jättis aega muude oluliste asjade jaoks. Hübriid- oluline üritus jäi üldse ära. Akadeemia korraline kevadine üritusena korraldatud Endel Lippmaa mälestusloeng üldkogu istung tuli asendada elektroonilise küsitlusega Taani diplomaatia suurkujult ja suurelt Eesti sõbralt neis aspektides, mida seadus kohustab kõigi akadeemikute Uffe Ellemann-Jensenilt jõudis vabariigi presidendi arvamusavalduse kaudu lahendama. Need olid suhteliselt aasta päevakõnesse. Akadeemia koduleht sai uue kuue. lihtsad: eelmise aasta aruande kinnitamine, selle aasta Sisu on rohkem ja võimalused hoopis teised. Meie ajastu eelarve kinnitamine ja akadeemikutasude otsustamine. on elektrooniliste dokumentide ajastu. Elektrooniline Akadeemia juhtimisskeem (vt lähemalt lk 19–20) on dokumendihaldussüsteem on asendamas senist enamasti mõneti ebatavaline. Mõned otsused käsib seadus vastu paberile kantud informatsiooni voogu. Nüüd saab kiiresti võtta üldkogul. Eelmises lõigus nimetatud asju lubas ja lihtsalt vajalikult infole ligi. Ühises inforuumis olemine põhikiri teha elektrooniliselt korraldatud küsitluste kaudu, ennetab tavaliselt juba eos nii mõnegi vaidluse ja laseb aga mitmeid strateegilisi otsuseid mitte. Selliste hulka kontsentreeruda olulistele küsimustele. kuulus akadeemikute valimine, juhatuse liikmete Kroonviiruse kriisist hoolimata ja osalt kriisist tõu- tagasikutsumine ning akadeemia põhikirja ja struktuuri gatuna läheb elu edasi. Nagu on kirjutanud Charles de ning nendes tehtavate muudatuste kinnitamine. Neid tuli Lint: „Maailm on nii nagu alati. Me näeme seda lihtsalt kuni 2020. a suveni teha eranditult akadeemikute isiklikul teistmoodi.“ Üks kõige olulisemaid protsesse on suvel kohalolekul. 2020 käivitunud uue teadus- ja arendustegevuse korralduse Kuni meil polnud koroonaviirust, oli mureks peamiselt seaduse koostamine. Selle seaduse järgi hakkame järgmised see, kas kolleegide töö ja reisid võimaldavad leida aega paarkümmend aastat elama. Kuus meie kolleegi ja üks kogunemiseks. Kevadel tuli aga arvestada võimalusega, noorte teaduste akadeemia liige osalevad selle protsessi et mõnenädalase või isegi mõnepäevase etteteatamisega tarvis kokku kutsutud töörühmades. võib üldkogu füüsilise istungi korraldamine muutuda Ühtegi lahingut ei võida kindralid ja ohvitserid. võimatuks või on seotud ebamõistlike riskidega. Isegi Mistahes institutsioon või selle juhid saavad vaid siis olla kui oleme olemuslikult konservatiivsed, peame suutma edukad, kui neil on võimekas ja professionaalne tugi. Seda institutsioonina reageerida muutuvale elukorraldusele. on akadeemiale pakkunud kantselei. Riigil on aga sageli tarvis operatiivset nõu. Hilistalvise ja kevadise kroonviiruse kriisi ajal suutsime mõne päeva Tarmo Soomere ja vahel loetud tundidega strateegilise väärtusega sisendit 25.02.2021 5 KROONIKA 2020 6. jaanuaril arutlesid akadeemik Maarja Kruusmaa ja 18. veebruaril toimunud akadeemia juhatuse koosolekul president Tarmo Soomere Santiagos koostöövõimaluste peeti mõistlikuks moodustada akadeemia uue arengu- üle Tšiili teaduste akadeemia presidendi prof Maria kava koostamiseks komisjon akadeemik Jaak Järve Cecilia Hidalgo ja mereteadlasest akadeemia liikme juhti misel. Otsustati akadeemia presidendi asendamine Osvaldo Ulloaga. juhuks, kui president Tarmo Soomerel ei ole võimalik
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