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Emerging Mobility Technologies and Trends And Their Role in Creating “Mobility-As-A-System” For the 21st Century and Beyond OWNERSHIP RIGHTS All reports are owned by Energy Systems Network (ESN) and protected by United States copyright and international copyright/intellectual property laws under applicable treaties and/or conventions. User agrees not to export any report into a country that does not have copyright/ intellectual property laws that will protect ESN’s rights therein. GRANT OF LICENSE RIGHTS ESN hereby grants user a non-exclusive, non-refundable, non- transferable Enterprise License, which allows you to (i) distribute the report within your organization across multiple locations to its representatives, employees or agents who are authorized by the organization to view the report in support of the organization’s internal business purposes; and (ii) display the report within your organization’s privately hosted internal intranet in support of your organization’s internal business purposes. Your right to distribute the report under an Enterprise License allows distribution among multiple locations or facilities to Authorized Users within your organization. ESN retains exclusive and sole ownership of this report. User agrees not to permit any unauthorized use, reproduction, distribution, publication or electronic transmission of any report or the information/forecasts therein without the express written permission of ESN. DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY AND LIABILITY ESN has used its best efforts in collecting and preparing each report. ESN, its employees, affi liates, agents, and licensors do not warrant the accuracy, completeness, correctness, non-infringement, merchantability, or fi tness for a particular purpose of any reports covered by this agreement. ESN, its employees, affi liates, agents, or licensors shall not be liable to user or any third party for losses or injury caused in whole or part by our negligence or contingencies beyond ESN’s control in compiling, preparing or disseminating any report or for any decision made or action taken by user or any third party in reliance on such information or for any consequential, special, indirect or similar damages, even if ESN was advised of the possibility of the same. User agrees that the liability of ESN, its employees, affi liates, agents and licensors, if any, arising out of any kind of legal claim (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) in connection with its goods/services under this agreement shall not exceed the amount you paid to ESN for use of the report in question.. © January 2019, Energy Systems Network B EMERGING MOBILITY TECHNOLOGIES AND TRENDS ABOUT THE AUTHOR MATT PEAK, DIRECTOR OF MOBILITY, ENERGY SYSTEMS NETWORK (ESN) Matt Peak is a business and policy strategist, facilitator, and investor with extensive experience catalyzing emerging transportation and clean energy technologies. Matt currently leads ESN’s efforts to advance clean, safe, and affordable transportation technologies by collaborating with corporate and strategic partners, including Cummins, Duke Energy, and Purdue University, among others. These efforts include: developing and deploying a turnkey service- (rather than asset) oriented, multimodal, battery electric public transit operational model; establishing a framework for integrated, multimodal mobility that enables first/last mile connections by using automated shuttles and other technologies; helping solve automated vehicle (AV) “edge cases” by employing tools that foster competition; building a venture finance model to invest in promising clean energy and advanced transportation companies in underserved areas. Previously, Matt provided strategic consulting services to C-level executives in the fields of connected and automated vehicles and infrastructure, shared mobility, smart cities, big data, advanced mobility, and clean energy technologies. While at CAVita and his own firm, Peak Strategy Partners LLC, Matt worked with the nation’s largest transportation research agency as its autonomous vehicle specialist, the world’s largest aggregator of solar fuels partners and knowledge to commercialize innovative technologies, and has also assisted numerous laboratories and startups commercialize their automotive and energy technologies. Matt previously launched and led Prize Capital’s and Tri-State G&T’s efforts to discover, invest in, and commercialize advanced energy technologies, and created what became the NRG COSIA Carbon XPRIZE, a $20 million (USD) competition to spur technological innovation at power plants. He was also the first employee of a venture-funded battery technology startup focused on commercializing a new type of lithium battery for electric vehicles and other markets, and led public policy, renewable fuel, and other collaborative efforts to develop and deploy advanced transportation technologies at CALSTART and the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC). Matt has a B.A. in economics from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), an M.S. in environmental policy from The London School of Economics, and an M.B.A. from the UCLA Anderson School of Business. ABOUT THE AUTHOR 1 ABOUT ENERGY SYSTEMS NETWORK ENERGY SYSTEMS NETWORK Energy Systems Network (“ESN”), a branded initiative of the Central Indiana Corporate Partnership (“CICP”), is a non-profit industry consortium of companies and institutions focused on the development of the advanced energy technology sector. ESN is building an energy ecosystem that integrates all aspects of the energy landscape: energy generation, distribution, the built environment, and transportation. ESN leverages its network of global thought leaders to develop integrated energy solutions to increase quality of life for today and tomorrow. Its collective focus is to: reduce costs, emissions and waste; influence policy; and advance technological innovation. ESN uses a three-pronged approach to provide services for its partner organizations and clients: • Multi-company Projects: Multi-company collaborations that accelerate new technology commercialization through commercial-scale pilot projects; • Consulting Services: Business services ranging from market studies to project development and management; and • Workshops, Strategic Planning and Research: Provide facilitation and lead strategic planning and research efforts. To date, ESN has launched a series of commercialization projects focused on dramatically reducing emissions/fuel consumption of heavy trucks (Hoosier Heavy Hybrid Partnership); allowing for an all-electric commute powered by a smart utility grid (Project Plug-IN); supplying our military bases with reliable homegrown energy (MicroGreen); and creating a single point of access for battery research, development, testing and commercialization (Battery Innovation Center). 2 EMERGING MOBILITY TECHNOLOGIES AND TRENDS TABLE OF CONTENTS 5 List of Figures and Tables 7 Glossary of Terms 9 Executive Summary 12 Introduction 12 The Automobile, Roadways, and 20th Century Mobility 15 ‘More Change in the Next 10 Years Than in the Last 50’ 16 Electrified Vehicles 22 Connected and Automated Vehicles 22 Connected Vehicles 26 Automated Vehicles 34 Shared Mobility 37 Technologies + Travel Modes + Business Models = 21st Century Mobility 40 Public Transit: The Backbone of 21st Century Mobility 41 Declining Ridership 45 Modern Modes And Models to Revive Ridership 45 Electric Transit Buses 47 Dynamic Routing 48 Service-Based Pricing Models 49 Snapshot 49 Belleville Swaps Fixed Routes for On-Demand, Bus-Hailing 50 The First/Last Mile Challenge 51 Affordability, Accessibility, Intersectionality, and Mobility 54 The “Mobility Menu”: Domains, Modes, and Usage Models 56 Local Domain: Micromobility for < 5 Mile Journeys 57 Shared Scooters and Bicycles 62 Automated Vehicles and Modes for the Local Domain 66 Snapshots 66 Portland, Ore. Scooter Pilot Shows Automobile Trip Displacement 67 Santa Monica’s Shared Mobility Pilot Program Addresses Array of Scooter and Bike Issues 68 Midrange Domain: Shared Ride Modes for 5–15 Mile Journeys 68 Microtransit, Ridesourcing, and Carpooling 74 Snapshots 74 Cities Subsidize Ridesourcing as a Cost-Effective Supplement to Transit 75 Transit Agencies and TNCs Launch Partnerships to Connect Riders to Transit Hubs 76 Waymo Focused on Automated Ridesourcing Service That Connects to Transit TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 78 Long-Range Domain: On-Demand, Shared-Access Modes for > 15 Mile Journeys 79 Carsharing and Car Subscribing 83 Snapshots 83 Carsharing Becomes a Real Estate Perk 84 BlueIndy Deploys Popular European Electric Vehicle Carsharing Program to Become Largest in the U.S. 86 Enabling Technologies and Market Drivers 86 “Big Data,” Modeling, and Predictive and Real-Time Analytics 88 Freight and Commerce 88 Long-Haul Trucking 89 Personal Delivery Devices (PDDs) 91 The “Center Console” 92 Light Electric Freight Vehicles (LEFVs) 93 Intelligent Transportation Systems 95 Land Use, Urban Design, and Traffic Congestion 96 Prize Competitions 97 Public Policy and Regulations 98 Micromobility 100 Connected and Automated Vehicles 102 Carsharing and TNCs 102 Electrified Vehicles 103 Safety 105 Smart Cities 107 Venture Capital 110 Realizing The Vision: Urban Mobility Independent of Car Ownership 110 The Essential Need: Systemic Integration and Dynamic Coordination Between Modes and Domains 113 Future Enablers and Market Drivers 113 Aerial Drones and Flying Cars/Taxis 116 Automated Micromobility 117 Blockchain 119 Healthcare 120 “Land Traffic Control” 121 Ultra-Fast Electric Vehicle Charging
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