DOCSLIB.ORG

Four Armoured Scale Insects from Australia, South Africa, and Mexico : Quarantine Interceptions in Japan Title (Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Diaspididae)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Four Armoured Scale Insects from Australia, South Africa, and Mexico : Quarantine Interceptions in Japan Title (Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Diaspididae) Four armoured scale insects from Australia, South Africa, and Mexico : Quarantine interceptions in Japan Title (Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Diaspididae) Author(s) Takagi, Sadao Insecta matsumurana. New series : journal of the Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido University, series entomology, 72, Citation 77-94 Issue Date 2016-09 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/62829 Type bulletin (article) File Information 4 Takagi2.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP INSECTA MATSUMURANA NEW SERIES 72: 77–94 SEPTEMBER 2016 FOUR ARMOURED SCALE INSECTS FROM AUSTRALIA, SOUTH AFRICA, AND MEXICO: QUARANTINE INTERCEPTIONS IN JAPAN (STERNORRHYNCHA: COCCOIDEA: DIASPIDIDAE) By SADAO TAKAGI Abstract TAKAGI, S. 2016. Four armoured scale insects from Australia, South Africa, and Mexico: Quarantine interceptions in Japan (Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Diaspididae). Ins. matsum. n. s. ±¿JV Four species of armoured scale insects intercepted at quarantine inspection in Japan are recorded, and remarks are made about some taxonomic questions they arouse. One of the species, found on XanthorrhoeaVSLPSRUWHGIURP$XVWUDOLDLVLGHQWL¿HG with Chionaspis xanthorrhoeae Fuller and transferred to Poliaspis. Another species, on Chamelaucium from Australia, is very close to 3ROLDVSLVFHUDÀRUD Hardy and Henderson. $WKLUGVSHFLHVZDVFROOHFWHGRQFXWÀRZHUVRIParanomus, Serruria, and Berzelia from 6RXWK$IULFDDQGLVLGHQWL¿HGZLWKRolaspis lounsburyi (Cooley). The fourth species, Opuntiaspis sp., was found on cactus fruits from Mexico, and is apparently different IURPWKHWKUHHNQRZQVSHFLHVRIWKHJHQXV Author’s address. Hukuzumi 3-3-4-16, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, 062-0043 Japan (VGWNJ#MFRP]DTQHMS). Contents,QWURGXFWLRQʊPoliaspis xanthorrhoeae, n.comb. = Chionaspis xanthorrhoeae)XOOHUʊPoliaspisVSʊRolaspis lounsburyi &RROH\ ʊOpuntiaspis VSʊ5HIHUHQFHVʊ)LJXUHV 77 INTRODUCTION 5HFHQWO\,KDYHKDGWKHRSSRUWXQLW\WRH[DPLQHVRPHVFDOHLQVHFWVLQWHUFHSWHGDW quarantine inspection in Japan. These insects, all mounted on slide, were submitted to PHIRULGHQWL¿FDWLRQE\0U7,QRXH0RML3ODQW3URWHFWLRQ6WDWLRQ7KH\LQFOXGHIRXU species which are notable taxonomically, and the results of my study on these species are JLYHQLQWKHSUHVHQWSDSHU 2QHRIWKHIRXUVSHFLHVLVLGHQWL¿HGZLWKChionaspis xanthorrhoeae on the basis of WKHRULJLQDOGHVFULSWLRQDQRWKHUVSHFLHVLVYHU\VLPLODUWRWKHGHVFULSWLRQRIPoliaspis cerafloraEXWGRHVQRWH[DFWO\DJUHHZLWKWKHODWWHU LWLVFDOOHGµPoliaspis sp.Q’ in WKLVSDSHUµ4¶VWDQGLQJIRUTXDUDQWLQHLQWHUFHSWLRQ DWKLUGVSHFLHVLVLGHQWL¿HGZLWK Rolaspis lounsburyi,QH[DPLQLQJWKHVHWKUHHVSHFLHV,KDYHEHHQLPSUHVVHGZLWKWKH resemblance they show in some features of taxonomic importance, and I have considered WKHSRVVLELOLW\WKDWWKHVHVSHFLHVEHORQJWRRQHDQGWKHVDPHJHQXV,QWKHSUHVHQWSDSHU KRZHYHU,SUHIHUWRSODFHWKHIRUP,KDYHLGHQWL¿HGZLWKC. xanthorrhoeae in Poliaspis, and treat Poliaspis and RolaspisDVFORVHO\UHODWHGEXWGLIIHUHQWJHQHUDWHQWDWLYHO\7KH ODVWRIWKHIRXUH[DPLQHGVSHFLHVEHORQJVWROpuntiaspis, and is probably an undescribed IRUP µOpuntiaspis VS4¶LQWKLVSDSHU 7KHTXDUDQWLQHUHFRUGVVXJJHVWWKDWRolaspis lounsburyiLVQRWUDUHRQFXWÀRZHUVLPSRUWHGIURP6RXWK$IULFDOpuntiaspis sp.Q may also be worthy of attention from the viewpoint of its potential economic importance. ,QWKLVSDSHUWKHWHUPµWUXOODH¶LVDGRSWHGLQSODFHRIµS\JLGLDOOREHV¶LQDXWKRUV,Q the description of Poliaspis xanthorrhoeae, WKHDEEUHYLDWLRQVµDEG,¶µDEG,,¶DQGVRRQ DUHXVHGIRUWKHFRUUHVSRQGLQJDEGRPLQDOVHJPHQWV ,ZRXOGOLNHWRPDNHP\DFNQRZOHGJHPHQWWR0U7,QRXHIRUKLVJLYLQJPHWKH RSSRUWXQLW\WRVWXG\WKHVHLQWHUHVWLQJVFDOHLQVHFWV RECORDS AND REMARKS Poliaspis xanthorrhoeae, n.comb. =Chionaspis xanthorrhoeae Fuller, 1899 )LJV Citations from Fuller (1899) p. 435 7KHIROORZLQJ1RWHVDQG'HVFULSWLRQVDUHWKHRXWFRPHRIVRPHPRQWKV¶UHVLGHQFHDW3HUWK RQWKH6ZDQ5LYHU:HVWHUQ$XVWUDOLDZKHUHLQWKHLPPHGLDWHYLFLQLW\RIWKHFLW\,FROOHFWHGWKH PDMRULW\RIWKHVSHFLPHQV p. 472 94. Chionaspis xanthorrhoeae, sp. n. 6FDOHRIƂVKLQLQJZKLWHS\ULIRUPH[XYLDHOLJKW\HOORZ $GXOWƂ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¿FHVDQWHULRUODWHUDOVWRSRVWHULRU 78 laterals 25 to 30. ƃSXSDULXPZKLWHQRWFDULQDWHGODUYDVNLQ\HOORZ On Xanthorrhoea, sp. Material examined Four adult females, from Australia, on XanthorrhoeaVS ;DQWKRUUKRHDFHDH/LOLDOHV LQWHUFHSWHGDWWKHSRUWRI<RNRKDPD,91-RMLPD ,GHQWL¿FDWLRQRIWKHVSHFLPHQV 7KHRULJLQDOGHVFULSWLRQLVDOPRVWOLPLWHGWRWKHS\JLGLXPDQGHVSHFLDOO\WRWKH PDUJLQDOIHDWXUHVRQWKHVL[WKDQGVXFFHHGLQJDEGRPLQDOVHJPHQWV,QWKHVHIHDWXUHV WKHIRXUVSHFLPHQVH[DPLQHGLQWKHSUHVHQWVWXG\DJUHHZHOOZLWKWKHGHVFULSWLRQZKLFK HYHQPHQWLRQVWKHRFFXUUHQFHRIµ7ZRYHU\VPDOOVSLQHVEHWZHHQWKHPHGLDQOREXOHV¶ WKHµPHVREDVDOSURFHVVHVRIWKHPHGLDQWUXOODH¶DVLQWHUSUHWHGLQWKHSUHVHQWVWXG\ see Remarks). However, the lateral lobule of the second trulla is somewhat variable in size and shape in the examined specimens: it is conical, with the apex blunt, in three VSHFLPHQV )LJ-$% ZKLOHLWLVUDWKHUURXQGHGDORQJWKHIUHHPDUJLQLQWKHRWKHU RQH )LJ& WKXVSUREDEO\DSSURDFKLQJWKHVWDWHPHQWLRQHGLQWKHRULJLQDOGHVFULSWLRQ :KDW)XOOHU¶VGHVFULSWLRQGHSLFWVLVDSDWWHUQRIFKDUDFWHUVZKLFKLVUDWKHUVSHFLDOLQWKH 'LDVSLGLQLVRWKDWWKHDJUHHPHQWRIWKHVSHFLPHQVZLWKWKHGHVFULSWLRQVXJJHVWVWKDW they are correctly referable to C. xanthorrhoeae unless more than one species which has such a pattern occurs on XanthorrhoeaDURXQG3HUWK7KHW\SHVHULHVLVSUHVXPHGWR have been lost (Miller and Gimpel, 2009). In the present circumstances, there may be QRDOWHUQDWLYHEXWWRUHJDUGWKHVSHFLPHQVDVEHORQJLQJWRC. xanthorrhoeae. However, WKLVLGHQWL¿FDWLRQLVQRPRUHWKDQDWHQWDWLYHWUHDWPHQWHLWKHU,WKHUHIRUHJLYHEHORZD GHVFULSWLRQEDVHGRQWKHIRXUVSHFLPHQVLQRUGHUWRDFFHSWFULWLFLVPRQP\LGHQWL¿FDWLRQ Needless to say, material from the type locality is essential to a critical study and for DGHILQLWHVHWWOLQJRIWKHPDWWHUC. xanthorrhoeae as understood in this study is not retainable in Chionaspis,RQFHFRQVLGHUHGWKHSRVVLELOLW\WKDWLWEHORQJVWRWKH$IULFDQ JHQXVRolaspis but in the present study it is transferred to Poliaspis, which is well represented in Australasia. Description based on the four specimens )XOO\JURZQDGXOWIHPDOHHORQJDWHZLGHVW across metathorax or abd I, about 2.2 to 2.4 WLPHVDVORQJDVZLGHSURVRPDPXFKORQJHUWKDQSRVWVRPDKHDGQDUURZLQJDQWHULRUO\ SURWKRUD[JUDGXDOO\DQGPHVRWKRUD[VOLJKWO\ZLGHQLQJSRVWHULRUO\PHWDWKRUD[DQGDEG ,±,,,OREHGODWHUDOO\S\JLGLXPPXFKZLGHUWKDQORQJURXQGLVKDORQJIUHHPDUJLQ +HDGVWUHZQZLWKDERXW±PLFURGXFWVGRUVDOO\$QWHQQDHHDFKZLWKDVLQJOH VHWDRIPRGHUDWHOHQJWK$QWHULRUVSLUDFOHVHDFKZLWK±GLVFSRUHVZKLFKWHQGWRIRUP DVKRUWURZSRVWHULRUVSLUDFOHVZLWKQRGLVFSRUHVRUHDFKZLWKRU/HJYHVWLJHV SUHVHQWPHVRDQGPHWDWKRUDFLFOHJVHDFKUHSUHVHQWHGE\RUVPDOOVFOHURWL]HGFRQLFDO spines, at times much reduced. &RQLFDOJODQGVSLQHVRQYHQWUDOVXUIDFHRIWKRUDFLFDQGSUHS\JLGLDODEGRPLQDO VHJPHQWVRUDQWHURODWHUDOO\DQG±SRVWHURODWHUDOO\WRDQWHULRUVSLUDFOH± RQPHVRWKRUD[IRUPLQJDORRVHJURXSLQLQWHUPHGLDWHDUHD±RQPHWDWKRUD[ SRVWHURODWHUDOO\WRSRVWHULRUVSLUDFOH±RQDEG,RQEDVHRIODWHUDOOREH±RQ,,RQ ODWHUDOOREHRURQ,,,DORQJPDUJLQRIODWHUDOOREH±RQ,9PDUJLQDOO\6OHQGHU 79 PDUJLQDOJODQGVSLQHVRQDEG9±9,,,HDFK WKHODVWEHLQJVLWXDWHGMXVWODWHUDOO\WR median trulla). Small ducts on meso- and metathorax, strewn on body side dorsally to ventrally, ±RQPHVRWKRUD[DQG±RQPHWDWKRUD[/DWHUDOPDFURGXFWVRQDEG,±,,, FRQÀXHQWZLWKVXEPDUJLQDOGRUVDOPDFURGXFWVZKLFKRFFXUQRWRQO\DORQJWKHSRVWHULRU PDUJLQ VHJPHQWDOO\ EXWDOVRRQWKHLQQHUDUHD LQIUDVHJPHQWDOO\ RQHDFKVHJPHQW ODWHUDODQGVXEPDUJLQDOPDFURGXFWVFRPELQHG±RQ,±RQ,,DQG± RQ,,,6XEPDUJLQDOPDFURGXFWVVHJPHQWDOO\DQGRULQIUDVHJPHQWDOO\RULQ WRWDORQDEG,9±VHJPHQWDOO\DQGRULQIUDVHJPHQWDOO\±LQWRWDORQ9 6PDOOVXEPHGLDQGXFWVRQDEG,DQG,,DORQJSRVWHULRUPDUJLQRIHDFKVHJPHQW± RQ,DQG±RQ,,6XEPHGLDQPDFURGXFWVRQDEG,,,±9,±VHJPHQWDOO\DQG± LQIUDVHJPHQWDOO\WRWDO±RQ,,,±DQG±WRWDORURQ,9±DQG± WRWDO±RQ99,ZLWK±LQDURZ LQFDVHDOVRZLWKVXEPDUJLQDOO\ 0DUJLQDO PDFURGXFWVRQDEG,9HDFKZLWKDUREXVWSRUHSURPLQHQFHRQ9DQGDOVRRQ9, PHVDORQHZLWKDUREXVWSRUHSURPLQHQFHRQHDFKVHJPHQWRQ9,, MXVWPHVDOO\WR VHFRQGWUXOOD ZLWKDVPDOODQGVOHQGHUVSLQH6XEPDUJLQDOGRUVDOERVVHVRQHRQHDFKRI abd I, III, and V, removed much mesally on I. 3HULYXOYDUGLVFSRUHVLQJURXSV±LQPHGLDQ±LQHDFKDQWHURODWHUDODQG ±LQHDFKSRVWHURODWHUDOJURXSWRWDO±1RH[WUDGLVFSRUHVRQVHJPHQWDQWHULRU WRSHULYXOYDUJURXSV$QDORSHQLQJQHDUEDVHRIS\JLGLXP 0HGLDQWUXOODHZLWKPHVDOEDVHVVXQNHQLQWRDSH[RIS\JLGLXPRQYHQWUDOVXUIDFH IRUPLQJDQLQFLVLRQLQWKHVKDSHRIDQLQYHUWHG9WULDQJXODUZLWKPHVDOEDVHVH[WHQGLQJ DQWHURPHVDOO\EXWQRWDGMRLQLQJHDFKRWKHUWRIRUPD\RNH$SDLURIVPDOOVOHQGHU VSLQRXVSURFHVVHVRQPHVDOEDVHVRIPHGLDQWUXOODHDSDLURIVHWDHMXVWDQWHULRUO\WRWKH VSLQRXVSURFHVVHV6HFRQGWUXOODHELOREXODWHPHVDOOREXOHZHOOGHYHORSHGVWRXWEURDGO\ URXQGLVKDORQJDSLFDOPDUJLQODWHUDOOREXOHVPDOOVRPHZKDWYDULDEOHLQVL]HDQGVKDSH FRQLFDOZLWKDSH[EOXQWRUURXQGLVKDORQJIUHHPDUJLQ$EG9,ZLWKPDUJLQUXJJHGZLWK 2 conical processes laterally to pore prominence. Remarks Hardy and Henderson (2011) made a nearly complete revision of Poliaspis and UHFRJQL]HGVSHFLHVRIWKHJHQXVRQO\WZRRWKHUVNQRZQDWWKDWWLPHKDYLQJEHHQOHIW unrevised. P. xanthorrhoeaeDVXQGHUVWRRGLQP\VWXG\GRHVQRWDJUHHDWOHDVWLQWKUHH points with the concept of Poliaspis presented by them. First, this species has no extra abdominal disc pores, whereas all the species examined by them are provided with H[WUDµSHULYXOYDU¶GLVFSRUHV6HFRQGO\WKLVVSHFLHVKDVWKHPHGLDQWUXOODHDSSDUHQWO\
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Monographs of the Upper Silesian Museum No 10: 59–68 Bytom, 01.12.2019
    Monographs of the Upper Silesian Museum No 10: 59–68 Bytom, 01.12.2019 DMITRY G. ZHOROV1,2, SERGEY V. BUGA1,3 Coccoidea fauna of Belarus and presence of nucleotide sequences of the scale insects in the genetic databases http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3600237 1 Department of Zoology, Belarusian State University, Nezavisimosti av. 4, 220030 Minsk, Republic of Belarus 2 [email protected]; 3 [email protected] Abstract: The results of studies of the fauna of the Coccoidea of Belarus are overviewed. To the present data, 22 species from 20 genera of Ortheziidae, Pseudococcidae, Margarodidae, Steingeliidae, Eriococcidae, Cryptococcidae, Kermesidae, Asterolecaniidae, Coccidae and Diaspididae are found in the natural habitats. Most of them are pests of fruit- and berry- producing cultures or ornamental plants. Another 15 species from 12 genera of Ortheziidae, Pseudococcidae, Rhizoecidae, Coccidae and Diaspididae are registered indoors only. All of them are pests of ornamental plants. Comparison between fauna lists of neighboring countries allows us to estimate the current species richness of native Coccoidea fauna of Belarus in 60–65 species. Scale insects of the Belarusian fauna have not been DNA-barcoding objects till this research. International genetic on-line databases store marker sequences of species collected mostly in Chile, China, and Australia. The study was partially supported by the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research (project B17MC-025). Key words: Biodiversity, scale insects, DNA-barcoding, fauna. Introduction Scale insects belong to the superfamily Coccoidea, one of the most species-rich in the order Sternorrhyncha (Hemiptera). According to ScaleNet (GARCÍA MORALES et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Data Sheets on Quarantine Pests
    EPPO quarantine pest Prepared by CABI and EPPO for the EU under Contract 90/399003 Data Sheets on Quarantine Pests Unaspis citri IDENTITY Name: Unaspis citri (Comstock) Synonyms: Chionaspis citri Comstock Prontaspis citri (Comstock) Dinaspis veitchi Green & Laing Taxonomic position: Insecta: Hemiptera: Homoptera: Diaspididae Common names: Citrus snow scale, white louse scale (English) Schneeweisse Citrusschildlaus (German) Cochinilla blanca, piojo bianco, escama de nieve de los cítricos (Spanish) Bayer computer code: UNASCI EPPO A1 list: No. 226 EU Annex designation: II/A1 HOSTS U. citri is polyphagous, attacking plant species belonging to 12 genera in 9 families. The main hosts of economic importance are Citrus spp., especially oranges (C. sinensis) but the insect has also been recorded on a wide range of other crops, mostly fruit crops and ornamentals, including Annona muricata, bananas (Musa paradisiaca), Capsicum, coconuts (Cocos nucifera), guavas (Psidium guajava), Hibiscus, jackfruits (Artocarpus heterophyllus), kumquats (Fortunella), pineapples (Ananas comosus), Poncirus trifoliata and Tillandsia usneoides. The main potential hosts in the EPPO region are Citrus spp. growing in the southern part of the region, around the Mediterranean. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION U. citri originated in Asia and has spread widely in tropical and subtropical regions. EPPO region: A closely related species, the arrowhead scale (Unaspis yanonensis (Kuwana)), also a pest of citrus, has recently been introduced into France and possibly into Italy (EPPO/CABI, 1996). Specimens of U. citri were collected in Portugal (Azores) in the 1920s, but there have been no records since; there is no suggestion that the pest is established there now. There has recently been an isolated record in Malta.
    [Show full text]
  • Commodity Risk Assessment of Nerium Oleander Plants from Turkey
    SCIENTIFIC OPINION ADOPTED: 25 March 2021 doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6569 Commodity risk assessment of Nerium oleander plants from Turkey EFSA Panel on Plant Health (PLH), Claude Bragard, Katharina Dehnen-Schmutz, Francesco Di Serio, Paolo Gonthier, Marie-Agnes Jacques, Josep Anton Jaques Miret, Annemarie Fejer Justesen, Alan MacLeod, Christer Sven Magnusson, Panagiotis Milonas, Juan A Navas-Cortes, Stephen Parnell, Philippe Lucien Reignault, Hans-Hermann Thulke, Wopke Van der Werf, Antonio Vicent Civera, Jonathan Yuen, Lucia Zappala, Elisavet Chatzivassiliou, Jane Debode, Charles Manceau, Ciro Gardi, Olaf Mosbach-Schulz and Roel Potting Abstract The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation EU/2018/2019 as ‘High risk plants, plant products and other objects’. This Scientific Opinion covers plant health risks posed by bare rooted and potted plants of Nerium oleander that are imported from Turkey, taking into account the available scientific information, including the technical information provided by the Turkish NPPO. The relevance of any pest for this opinion was based on evidence following defined criteria. One species, the EU non-regulated pest Phenacoccus solenopsis, fulfilled all relevant criteria and was selected for further evaluation. For this pest, the risk mitigation measures proposed in the technical dossier from Turkey were evaluated taking into account the possible limiting factors. For this pest, an expert judgement is given on the likelihood of pest freedom taking into consideration the risk mitigation measures acting on the pest, including uncertainties associated with the assessment. The Expert Knowledge Elicitation indicated, with 95% certainty, that between 9,719 and 10,000 plants per 10,000 would be free of P.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Characterization of Parasitoids from Armored Scales Infesting Citrus Orchards in Corsica, France
    BioControl (2016) 61:639–647 DOI 10.1007/s10526-016-9752-1 Molecular characterization of parasitoids from armored scales infesting citrus orchards in Corsica, France Margarita C. G. Correa . Ferran Palero . Noe´mie Dubreuil . Laure Etienne . Mathieu Hulak . Gilles Tison . Sylvie Warot . Didier Crochard . Nicolas Ris . Philippe Kreiter Received: 23 January 2016 / Accepted: 6 July 2016 / Published online: 14 July 2016 Ó International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC) 2016 Abstract Armored scales (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) (including A. melinus), four Encarsia (including cryp- are important pests in citrus orchards worldwide. tic species) and one Ablerus (hyperparasitoid) species. Augmentative releases of Aphelinidae wasps (Hy- Host-specificity was found to be strong among menoptera) have been performed in Corsica, France to primary parasitoids, with Encarsia inquirenda Sil- control the California Red Scale (Aonidiella aurantii vestri, 1930 and an unidentified Encarsia being the (Maskell, 1879)) and the arrowhead scale (Unaspis sole taxa able to parasitize the two subfamilies yanonensis (Kuwana, 1923)), but biological control of (Aspidiotinae and Diaspidinae). armored scales requires the identification of their parasitoids to evaluate their potential as biological Keywords Diaspididae Á Armored scale Á control agents. In order to circumvent this issue, Parasitoid Á DNA barcoding Á Cryptic species parasitoids emerging from four armored scale species were characterized through DNA barcoding. All the parasitoids identified belong to the Aphelinidae (Hy- menoptera) and included a total of five Aphytis Introduction Handling Editor: Josep Anton Jaques Miret Armored scales (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) are arthro- pod pests found in fruit orchards worldwide, mostly Margarita C. G. Correa and Ferran Palero contributed equally affecting citrus crops including clementine, grape- to this work.
    [Show full text]
  • Lepidosaphes Chinensis Chamberlin: Chinese Mussel Scale Hemiptera: Diaspididae Current Rating: Q Proposed Rating: A
    CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF cdfa FOOD & AGR I CULT URE ~ California Pest Rating Proposal Lepidosaphes chinensis Chamberlin: Chinese mussel scale Hemiptera: Diaspididae Current Rating: Q Proposed Rating: A Comment Period: 5/26/2021 – 7/10/2021 Initiating Event: Lepidosaphes chinensis is frequently intercepted in California on Dracaena plants from Florida, Ecuador, and Asia (China and Thailand). It was collected twice on orchids in Los Angeles County in 1934 and 1935 but it was since eradicated (Gill, 1997). It was also recently found in a nursery in Monterey County in 2011 (California Department of Food and Agriculture). It has not been rated. Therefore, a pest rating proposal is needed. History & Status: Background: The scale Lepidosaphes chinensis is reported to feed on plants in eight families: Arecaceae, Asparagaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Magnoliaceae, Orchidaceae, and Pandanaceae (García Morales et al., 2016). Reported hosts Beaucarnea recurvata, Dracaena (including D. braunii, or lucky bamboo), Ficus, Sansevieriana trifasciata, and Yucca elephantipes (California Department of Food and Agriculture; Łabanowski, 2017; Suh and Bombay, 2015). Infestations are reported to cause chlorosis, necrosis, wilting, and black streaks, and heavy infestations cause the death of affected leaves (Malumphy et al., 2012; Stocks, 2014). No reports of economic damage were found, but it is apparent that the value of ornamental plants can be lowered, and this scale was deemed to have the potential to become a significant economic and ecological pest in Florida (Stocks, 2014). CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF cdfa FOOD & AGR I CULT URE ~ Worldwide Distribution: Lepidosaphes chinensis is apparently native to eastern Asia, where it is reported from China, Hong Kong, Laos, Philippines, Singapore, Vietnam, Taiwan, and Thailand (Martin and Lau, 2011; García Morales et al., 2016; Suh and Bombay, 2015).
    [Show full text]
  • Download This PDF File
    REDIA, XCIX, 2016: 171-176 http://dx.doi.org/10.19263/REDIA-99.16.22 MATTHEW E. GRUWELL (*) (°) - SKYLAR WOOLMAN (*) - TAKUMASA KONDO (**) PHYLOGENETIC PLACEMENT OF THE WHITE COCONUT SCALE, PARLAGENA BENNETTI WILLIAMS (HEMIPTERA DIASPIDIDAE) (1) (*) Penn State Behrend, Erie, Pennsylvania, USA. (**) Corporacion Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Corpoica), Palmira, Valle, Colombia. (°) Corresponding author: [email protected] Gruwell M.E., Woolman S., Kondo T. – Phylogenetic placement of the white coconut scale, Parlagena bennetti Williams (Hemiptera Diaspididae). Parlagena bennetti Williams (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) is commonly known as the coconut scale and has only been collected in some islands in the Caribbean, Central America and the northernmost countries of South America. The species P. bennetti has been placed in Parlagena, a genus of few species currently considered as closely related to Parlatoria Targioni Tozzetti, but it has never been involved in molecular phylogenetic analysis. Here we include data from three genes of P. bennetti with 32 other armored scale insects and one outgroup to determine the correct placement of this species among armored scale insects. Both combined analysis and individual genealogies demonstrate the probable placement of this species in the subfamily Diaspidinae, likely as part of the tribe Lepidosaphidini. KEY WORDS: armored scale, coconut pest. Diaspidinae, Lepidosaphidini, phylogeny. INTRODUCTION Its known distribution includes Colombia (San Andrés & Providencia Islands in the Caribbean, and the departments Parlagena bennetti is an armored scale insect known as of Santander and Valle del Cauca in the mainland), the coconut scale that was originally described by Honduras (Bay islands), Trinidad & Tobago (Trinidad) and WILLIAMS (1969) when it was collected on coconut in the Venezuela (Lara State) (BUSTILLO et al., 2015).
    [Show full text]
  • Beckii (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) on Navel Orange Trees at El-Be
    52 J.Agric.&Env.Sci.Dam.Univ.,Egypt Vol.10 (1) 2011 ECOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE PURPLE SCALE INSECT, LEPIDOSAPHES BECKII (HEMIPTERA: DIASPIDIDAE) ON NAVEL ORANGE TREES AT EL- BEHAIRA GOVERNORATE, EGYPT IN 2009 AND 2010 SEASONS *KHALIL A. A. DRAZ, **GAMIL B. EL-SAADANY, *MOHAMED A. MANSOUR, ***ABDEL-FATTAH G. HASHEM and *ADNAN A. E. DARWISH *Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour, **Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University ***Plant protection research institute,Agriculture research center,Dokki, Cairo, Egypt ABSTRACT Field studies were carried out on the purple scale Lepidosaphes (Cornuaspis) beckii (Newman) at El- Behaira Governorate throughout two successive years extended from February 2009 to February 2011. Three peaks of overlapping generations were recorded per year. In the 1st year three peaks of infestation were recorded in May 1st, September 4th and November 13th. While in 2nd year of investigation, these peaks were recorded during April 30th, mid October and November 26th. The highest rate of population densities were recorded at March, April, decreased up to August then raised up again in September, October and November. The insect distributes on the whole navel orange tree with special preference to the southern and western cardinal sides. The population of L. beckii prefers the middle stratum of navel orange where considerable density of insect population usually occurs. The relationships between the population density of inspected insect stages and prevailing weather factors -degree of temperature and relative humidity- were studied and statistically analyzed through both the years of study. Positive strong correlations were detected between daily minimum and daily mean of temperature and total counts of insect population.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of the Scale Insects (Hemiptera : Sternorrhyncha : Coccomorpha) of New Caledonia
    Checklist of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) of New Caledonia Christian MILLE Institut agronomique néo-calédonien, IAC, Axe 1, Station de Recherches fruitières de Pocquereux, Laboratoire d’Entomologie appliquée, BP 32, 98880 La Foa (New Caledonia) [email protected] Rosa C. HENDERSON† Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170 Auckland Mail Centre, Auckland 1142 (New Zealand) Sylvie CAZÈRES Institut agronomique néo-calédonien, IAC, Axe 1, Station de Recherches fruitières de Pocquereux, Laboratoire d’Entomologie appliquée, BP 32, 98880 La Foa (New Caledonia) [email protected] Hervé JOURDAN Institut méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix-Marseille Université, UMR CNRS IRD Université d’Avignon, UMR 237 IRD, Centre IRD Nouméa, BP A5, 98848 Nouméa cedex (New Caledonia) [email protected] Published on 24 June 2016 Rosa Henderson† left us unexpectedly on 13th December 2012. Rosa made all our recent c occoid identifications and trained one of us (SC) in Hemiptera Sternorrhyncha slide preparation and identification. The idea of publishing this article was largely hers. Thus we dedicate this article to our late and dear Rosa. Rosa Henderson† nous a quittés prématurément le 13 décembre 2012. Rosa avait réalisé toutes les récentes identifications de cochenilles et avait formé l’une d’entre nous (SC) à la préparation des Hemiptères Sternorrhynques entre lame et lamelle. Grâce à elle, l’idée de publier cet article a pu se concrétiser. Nous dédicaçons cet article à notre chère et regrettée Rosa. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:90DC5B79-725D-46E2-B31E-4DBC65BCD01F Mille C., Henderson R. C.†, Cazères S. & Jourdan H. 2016. — Checklist of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) of New Caledonia.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hemiptera-Sternorrhyncha (Insecta) of Hong Kong, China—An Annotated Inventory Citing Voucher Specimens and Published Records
    Zootaxa 2847: 1–122 (2011) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2011 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) ZOOTAXA 2847 The Hemiptera-Sternorrhyncha (Insecta) of Hong Kong, China—an annotated inventory citing voucher specimens and published records JON H. MARTIN1 & CLIVE S.K. LAU2 1Corresponding author, Department of Entomology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, U.K., e-mail [email protected] 2 Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, Cheung Sha Wan Road Government Offices, 303 Cheung Sha Wan Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong, e-mail [email protected] Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by C. Hodgson: 17 Jan 2011; published: 29 Apr. 2011 JON H. MARTIN & CLIVE S.K. LAU The Hemiptera-Sternorrhyncha (Insecta) of Hong Kong, China—an annotated inventory citing voucher specimens and published records (Zootaxa 2847) 122 pp.; 30 cm. 29 Apr. 2011 ISBN 978-1-86977-705-0 (paperback) ISBN 978-1-86977-706-7 (Online edition) FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2011 BY Magnolia Press P.O. Box 41-383 Auckland 1346 New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ © 2011 Magnolia Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, transmitted or disseminated, in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from the publisher, to whom all requests to reproduce copyright material should be directed in writing. This authorization does not extend to any other kind of copying, by any means, in any form, and for any purpose other than private research use.
    [Show full text]
  • Natural Enemies of Armored Scales (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and Soft Scales (Hemiptera
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/429357; this version posted September 27, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Natural enemies of armored scales (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and soft scales (Hemiptera: 2 Coccoidae) in Chile: molecular and morphological identification 3 4 Amouroux, P.1*; Crochard, D.2; Correa, M.C.G. 2,3; Groussier, G. 2; Kreiter, P. 2; Roman, C.4; 5 Guerrieri, E.5,6; Garonna, A.P.7; Malausa, T. 2 & Zaviezo, T1. 6 7 1 Departamento de Fruticultura y Enología, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, 8 Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile 9 2 Université Côte d'Azur, INRA, CNRS, ISA, France. 10 3 Centre for Molecular and Functional Ecology in Agroecosystems, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 11 Chile 12 4 Xilema-ANASAC Control Biológico, San Pedro, Quillota, Chile. 13 5 Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Portici 14 (NA), Italy 15 6 Department of Life Sciences, the Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom 16 7 Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Portici (NA), Italy. 17 18 * Corresponding author e-mail: 19 [email protected] (AP) 20 [email protected] (EG) 21 22 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/429357; this version posted September 27, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
    [Show full text]
  • 2021 North American Forest Insect Work Conference
    2021 North American Forest Insect Work Conference Shaping Forests: Action in a Changing World May 26-28, 2021 1 2021 North American Forest Insect Work Conference Organizers Organizing Committee: Jess Hartshorn (Chair) – Clemson University, Clemson, SC Brian Aukema – University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN Rachael Arango – USDA Forest Service, Madison, WI Jeff Garnas – University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH Rich Hofstetter – Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ Kier Klepzig – The Jones Center at Ichauway, Newton, GA Robert Rabaglia – USDA Forest Service, Washington, DC Program Committee: Kier Klepzig (Co-Chair) – The Jones Center at Ichauway, Newton, GA Rich Hostetter (Co-Chair) – Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ Deepa Pureswaran – Canadian Forest Service, Quebec, QC Jeff Garnas – University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH Nathan Havill - USDA Forest Service, New Haven, CT Sponsorship: Kevin Chase - Bartlett Tree Experts, Charlotte, NC Posters: Rich Hofstetter - Northern Arizona University 2 Tuesday, May 25 2:00 Forest Health Task Force 4:00 SFIWC Business Meeting Wednesday, May 26 8:00 Welcome Remarks 8:15 Plenary Session 1 A. Shannon Lotthammer, Assistant Forestry Commissioner, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources B. EAB impacts: what does the loss of ash mean for wildlife? - Alexis Grinde, Wildlife Ecologist, Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota - Duluth C. Connections - Eli Sagor, Cloquet Forest, University of Minnesota 9:45 Break 10:30 Student Paper Competition - 1 - Jess Hartshorn A. Following Celtis laevigata Willd. mortality and the commonly associated insects in the southeastern US - Emilee M. Poole, Michael D. Ulyshen, and Scott Horn. Celtis laevigata Willd. (sugarberry) is a native tree commonly found along floodplains and rivers in the southeastern US.
    [Show full text]
  • The Major Arthropod Pests and Weeds of Agriculture in Southeast Asia
    The Major Arthropod Pests and Weeds of Agriculture in Southeast Asia: Distribution, Importance and Origin D.F. Waterhouse (ACIAR Consultant in Plant Protection) ACIAR (Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research) Canberra AUSTRALIA The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) was established in June 1982 by an Act of the Australian Parliament. Its mandate is to help identify agricultural problems in developing countries and to commission collaborative research between Australian and developing country researchers in fields where Australia has a special research competence. Where trade names are used this constitutes neither endorsement of nor discrimination against any product by the Centre. ACIAR MO'lOGRAPH SERIES This peer-reviewed series contains the results of original research supported by ACIAR, or deemed relevant to ACIAR's research objectives. The series is distributed internationally, with an emphasis on the Third World. © Australian Centre for 1I1lernational Agricultural Resl GPO Box 1571, Canberra, ACT, 2601 Waterhouse, D.F. 1993. The Major Arthropod Pests an Importance and Origin. Monograph No. 21, vi + 141pI- ISBN 1 86320077 0 Typeset by: Ms A. Ankers Publication Services Unit CSIRO Division of Entomology Canberra ACT Printed by Brown Prior Anderson, 5 Evans Street, Burwood, Victoria 3125 ii Contents Foreword v 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3 3. Contributors 5 4. Results 9 Tables 1. Major arthropod pests in Southeast Asia 10 2. The distribution and importance of major arthropod pests in Southeast Asia 27 3. The distribution and importance of the most important arthropod pests in Southeast Asia 40 4. Aggregated ratings for the most important arthropod pests 45 5. Origin of the arthropod pests scoring 5 + (or more) or, at least +++ in one country or ++ in two countries 49 6.
    [Show full text]