Four armoured scale insects from Australia, South Africa, and Mexico : Quarantine interceptions in Japan Title (Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Diaspididae) Author(s) Takagi, Sadao Insecta matsumurana. New series : journal of the Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido University, series entomology, 72, Citation 77-94 Issue Date 2016-09 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/62829 Type bulletin (article) File Information 4 Takagi2.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP INSECTA MATSUMURANA NEW SERIES 72: 77–94 SEPTEMBER 2016 FOUR ARMOURED SCALE INSECTS FROM AUSTRALIA, SOUTH AFRICA, AND MEXICO: QUARANTINE INTERCEPTIONS IN JAPAN (STERNORRHYNCHA: COCCOIDEA: DIASPIDIDAE) By SADAO TAKAGI Abstract TAKAGI, S. 2016. Four armoured scale insects from Australia, South Africa, and Mexico: Quarantine interceptions in Japan (Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Diaspididae). Ins. matsum. n. s. ±¿JV Four species of armoured scale insects intercepted at quarantine inspection in Japan are recorded, and remarks are made about some taxonomic questions they arouse. One of the species, found on XanthorrhoeaVSLPSRUWHGIURP$XVWUDOLDLVLGHQWL¿HG with Chionaspis xanthorrhoeae Fuller and transferred to Poliaspis. Another species, on Chamelaucium from Australia, is very close to 3ROLDVSLVFHUDÀRUD Hardy and Henderson. $WKLUGVSHFLHVZDVFROOHFWHGRQFXWÀRZHUVRIParanomus, Serruria, and Berzelia from 6RXWK$IULFDDQGLVLGHQWL¿HGZLWKRolaspis lounsburyi (Cooley). The fourth species, Opuntiaspis sp., was found on cactus fruits from Mexico, and is apparently different IURPWKHWKUHHNQRZQVSHFLHVRIWKHJHQXV Author’s address. Hukuzumi 3-3-4-16, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, 062-0043 Japan (VGWNJ#MFRP]DTQHMS). Contents,QWURGXFWLRQʊPoliaspis xanthorrhoeae, n.comb. = Chionaspis xanthorrhoeae)XOOHUʊPoliaspisVSʊRolaspis lounsburyi &RROH\ ʊOpuntiaspis VSʊ5HIHUHQFHVʊ)LJXUHV 77 INTRODUCTION 5HFHQWO\,KDYHKDGWKHRSSRUWXQLW\WRH[DPLQHVRPHVFDOHLQVHFWVLQWHUFHSWHGDW quarantine inspection in Japan. These insects, all mounted on slide, were submitted to PHIRULGHQWL¿FDWLRQE\0U7,QRXH0RML3ODQW3URWHFWLRQ6WDWLRQ7KH\LQFOXGHIRXU species which are notable taxonomically, and the results of my study on these species are JLYHQLQWKHSUHVHQWSDSHU 2QHRIWKHIRXUVSHFLHVLVLGHQWL¿HGZLWKChionaspis xanthorrhoeae on the basis of WKHRULJLQDOGHVFULSWLRQDQRWKHUVSHFLHVLVYHU\VLPLODUWRWKHGHVFULSWLRQRIPoliaspis cerafloraEXWGRHVQRWH[DFWO\DJUHHZLWKWKHODWWHU LWLVFDOOHGµPoliaspis sp.Q’ in WKLVSDSHUµ4¶VWDQGLQJIRUTXDUDQWLQHLQWHUFHSWLRQ DWKLUGVSHFLHVLVLGHQWL¿HGZLWK Rolaspis lounsburyi,QH[DPLQLQJWKHVHWKUHHVSHFLHV,KDYHEHHQLPSUHVVHGZLWKWKH resemblance they show in some features of taxonomic importance, and I have considered WKHSRVVLELOLW\WKDWWKHVHVSHFLHVEHORQJWRRQHDQGWKHVDPHJHQXV,QWKHSUHVHQWSDSHU KRZHYHU,SUHIHUWRSODFHWKHIRUP,KDYHLGHQWL¿HGZLWKC. xanthorrhoeae in Poliaspis, and treat Poliaspis and RolaspisDVFORVHO\UHODWHGEXWGLIIHUHQWJHQHUDWHQWDWLYHO\7KH ODVWRIWKHIRXUH[DPLQHGVSHFLHVEHORQJVWROpuntiaspis, and is probably an undescribed IRUP µOpuntiaspis VS4¶LQWKLVSDSHU 7KHTXDUDQWLQHUHFRUGVVXJJHVWWKDWRolaspis lounsburyiLVQRWUDUHRQFXWÀRZHUVLPSRUWHGIURP6RXWK$IULFDOpuntiaspis sp.Q may also be worthy of attention from the viewpoint of its potential economic importance. ,QWKLVSDSHUWKHWHUPµWUXOODH¶LVDGRSWHGLQSODFHRIµS\JLGLDOOREHV¶LQDXWKRUV,Q the description of Poliaspis xanthorrhoeae, WKHDEEUHYLDWLRQVµDEG,¶µDEG,,¶DQGVRRQ DUHXVHGIRUWKHFRUUHVSRQGLQJDEGRPLQDOVHJPHQWV ,ZRXOGOLNHWRPDNHP\DFNQRZOHGJHPHQWWR0U7,QRXHIRUKLVJLYLQJPHWKH RSSRUWXQLW\WRVWXG\WKHVHLQWHUHVWLQJVFDOHLQVHFWV RECORDS AND REMARKS Poliaspis xanthorrhoeae, n.comb. =Chionaspis xanthorrhoeae Fuller, 1899 )LJV Citations from Fuller (1899) p. 435 7KHIROORZLQJ1RWHVDQG'HVFULSWLRQVDUHWKHRXWFRPHRIVRPHPRQWKV¶UHVLGHQFHDW3HUWK RQWKH6ZDQ5LYHU:HVWHUQ$XVWUDOLDZKHUHLQWKHLPPHGLDWHYLFLQLW\RIWKHFLW\,FROOHFWHGWKH PDMRULW\RIWKHVSHFLPHQV p. 472 94. Chionaspis xanthorrhoeae, sp. n. 6FDOHRIƂVKLQLQJZKLWHS\ULIRUPH[XYLDHOLJKW\HOORZ $GXOWƂ\HOORZ/DVWVHJPHQWZLWKDVOLJKWZHGJHVKDSHGGHSUHVVLRQRQHLWKHUVLGHRIZKLFK LVDVKRUWFRQLFDOOREXOHEH\RQGWKHOREXOHVDWDVKRUWLQWHUYDORFFXUWKHVHFRQGOREHVUHSUHVHQWHG E\WZROREXOHVWKHLQQHUEHLQJWKHORQJHUDQGWKHODUJHUWKHRXWHUVKRUWZLGHDQGURXQGHGDWWKH DSH[%H\RQGWKHVHFRQGOREHVWKHPDUJLQLVVOLJKWO\SURORQJHGDQGWKLFNHQHGWKUHHWLPHV7ZR YHU\VPDOOVSLQHVEHWZHHQWKHPHGLDQOREXOHVWKHRWKHUVDGMDFHQWWRWKHSODWHVZKLFKDUHVLPSOH WDSHULQJDQGYHU\ORQJDQGVLWXDWHGVXEVHTXHQWWRWKHOREHVDQGSURORQJDWLRQVRIWKHPDUJLQV)LYH JURXSVRIFLUFXPJHQLWDOSRUHVPHGLDQXVXDOO\RIRUL¿FHVDQWHULRUODWHUDOVWRSRVWHULRU 78 laterals 25 to 30. ƃSXSDULXPZKLWHQRWFDULQDWHGODUYDVNLQ\HOORZ On Xanthorrhoea, sp. Material examined Four adult females, from Australia, on XanthorrhoeaVS ;DQWKRUUKRHDFHDH/LOLDOHV LQWHUFHSWHGDWWKHSRUWRI<RNRKDPD,91-RMLPD ,GHQWL¿FDWLRQRIWKHVSHFLPHQV 7KHRULJLQDOGHVFULSWLRQLVDOPRVWOLPLWHGWRWKHS\JLGLXPDQGHVSHFLDOO\WRWKH PDUJLQDOIHDWXUHVRQWKHVL[WKDQGVXFFHHGLQJDEGRPLQDOVHJPHQWV,QWKHVHIHDWXUHV WKHIRXUVSHFLPHQVH[DPLQHGLQWKHSUHVHQWVWXG\DJUHHZHOOZLWKWKHGHVFULSWLRQZKLFK HYHQPHQWLRQVWKHRFFXUUHQFHRIµ7ZRYHU\VPDOOVSLQHVEHWZHHQWKHPHGLDQOREXOHV¶ WKHµPHVREDVDOSURFHVVHVRIWKHPHGLDQWUXOODH¶DVLQWHUSUHWHGLQWKHSUHVHQWVWXG\ see Remarks). However, the lateral lobule of the second trulla is somewhat variable in size and shape in the examined specimens: it is conical, with the apex blunt, in three VSHFLPHQV )LJ-$% ZKLOHLWLVUDWKHUURXQGHGDORQJWKHIUHHPDUJLQLQWKHRWKHU RQH )LJ& WKXVSUREDEO\DSSURDFKLQJWKHVWDWHPHQWLRQHGLQWKHRULJLQDOGHVFULSWLRQ :KDW)XOOHU¶VGHVFULSWLRQGHSLFWVLVDSDWWHUQRIFKDUDFWHUVZKLFKLVUDWKHUVSHFLDOLQWKH 'LDVSLGLQLVRWKDWWKHDJUHHPHQWRIWKHVSHFLPHQVZLWKWKHGHVFULSWLRQVXJJHVWVWKDW they are correctly referable to C. xanthorrhoeae unless more than one species which has such a pattern occurs on XanthorrhoeaDURXQG3HUWK7KHW\SHVHULHVLVSUHVXPHGWR have been lost (Miller and Gimpel, 2009). In the present circumstances, there may be QRDOWHUQDWLYHEXWWRUHJDUGWKHVSHFLPHQVDVEHORQJLQJWRC. xanthorrhoeae. However, WKLVLGHQWL¿FDWLRQLVQRPRUHWKDQDWHQWDWLYHWUHDWPHQWHLWKHU,WKHUHIRUHJLYHEHORZD GHVFULSWLRQEDVHGRQWKHIRXUVSHFLPHQVLQRUGHUWRDFFHSWFULWLFLVPRQP\LGHQWL¿FDWLRQ Needless to say, material from the type locality is essential to a critical study and for DGHILQLWHVHWWOLQJRIWKHPDWWHUC. xanthorrhoeae as understood in this study is not retainable in Chionaspis,RQFHFRQVLGHUHGWKHSRVVLELOLW\WKDWLWEHORQJVWRWKH$IULFDQ JHQXVRolaspis but in the present study it is transferred to Poliaspis, which is well represented in Australasia. Description based on the four specimens )XOO\JURZQDGXOWIHPDOHHORQJDWHZLGHVW across metathorax or abd I, about 2.2 to 2.4 WLPHVDVORQJDVZLGHSURVRPDPXFKORQJHUWKDQSRVWVRPDKHDGQDUURZLQJDQWHULRUO\ SURWKRUD[JUDGXDOO\DQGPHVRWKRUD[VOLJKWO\ZLGHQLQJSRVWHULRUO\PHWDWKRUD[DQGDEG ,±,,,OREHGODWHUDOO\S\JLGLXPPXFKZLGHUWKDQORQJURXQGLVKDORQJIUHHPDUJLQ +HDGVWUHZQZLWKDERXW±PLFURGXFWVGRUVDOO\$QWHQQDHHDFKZLWKDVLQJOH VHWDRIPRGHUDWHOHQJWK$QWHULRUVSLUDFOHVHDFKZLWK±GLVFSRUHVZKLFKWHQGWRIRUP DVKRUWURZSRVWHULRUVSLUDFOHVZLWKQRGLVFSRUHVRUHDFKZLWKRU/HJYHVWLJHV SUHVHQWPHVRDQGPHWDWKRUDFLFOHJVHDFKUHSUHVHQWHGE\RUVPDOOVFOHURWL]HGFRQLFDO spines, at times much reduced. &RQLFDOJODQGVSLQHVRQYHQWUDOVXUIDFHRIWKRUDFLFDQGSUHS\JLGLDODEGRPLQDO VHJPHQWVRUDQWHURODWHUDOO\DQG±SRVWHURODWHUDOO\WRDQWHULRUVSLUDFOH± RQPHVRWKRUD[IRUPLQJDORRVHJURXSLQLQWHUPHGLDWHDUHD±RQPHWDWKRUD[ SRVWHURODWHUDOO\WRSRVWHULRUVSLUDFOH±RQDEG,RQEDVHRIODWHUDOOREH±RQ,,RQ ODWHUDOOREHRURQ,,,DORQJPDUJLQRIODWHUDOOREH±RQ,9PDUJLQDOO\6OHQGHU 79 PDUJLQDOJODQGVSLQHVRQDEG9±9,,,HDFK WKHODVWEHLQJVLWXDWHGMXVWODWHUDOO\WR median trulla). Small ducts on meso- and metathorax, strewn on body side dorsally to ventrally, ±RQPHVRWKRUD[DQG±RQPHWDWKRUD[/DWHUDOPDFURGXFWVRQDEG,±,,, FRQÀXHQWZLWKVXEPDUJLQDOGRUVDOPDFURGXFWVZKLFKRFFXUQRWRQO\DORQJWKHSRVWHULRU PDUJLQ VHJPHQWDOO\ EXWDOVRRQWKHLQQHUDUHD LQIUDVHJPHQWDOO\ RQHDFKVHJPHQW ODWHUDODQGVXEPDUJLQDOPDFURGXFWVFRPELQHG±RQ,±RQ,,DQG± RQ,,,6XEPDUJLQDOPDFURGXFWVVHJPHQWDOO\DQGRULQIUDVHJPHQWDOO\RULQ WRWDORQDEG,9±VHJPHQWDOO\DQGRULQIUDVHJPHQWDOO\±LQWRWDORQ9 6PDOOVXEPHGLDQGXFWVRQDEG,DQG,,DORQJSRVWHULRUPDUJLQRIHDFKVHJPHQW± RQ,DQG±RQ,,6XEPHGLDQPDFURGXFWVRQDEG,,,±9,±VHJPHQWDOO\DQG± LQIUDVHJPHQWDOO\WRWDO±RQ,,,±DQG±WRWDORURQ,9±DQG± WRWDO±RQ99,ZLWK±LQDURZ LQFDVHDOVRZLWKVXEPDUJLQDOO\ 0DUJLQDO PDFURGXFWVRQDEG,9HDFKZLWKDUREXVWSRUHSURPLQHQFHRQ9DQGDOVRRQ9, PHVDORQHZLWKDUREXVWSRUHSURPLQHQFHRQHDFKVHJPHQWRQ9,, MXVWPHVDOO\WR VHFRQGWUXOOD ZLWKDVPDOODQGVOHQGHUVSLQH6XEPDUJLQDOGRUVDOERVVHVRQHRQHDFKRI abd I, III, and V, removed much mesally on I. 3HULYXOYDUGLVFSRUHVLQJURXSV±LQPHGLDQ±LQHDFKDQWHURODWHUDODQG ±LQHDFKSRVWHURODWHUDOJURXSWRWDO±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conical processes laterally to pore prominence. Remarks Hardy and Henderson (2011) made a nearly complete revision of Poliaspis and UHFRJQL]HGVSHFLHVRIWKHJHQXVRQO\WZRRWKHUVNQRZQDWWKDWWLPHKDYLQJEHHQOHIW unrevised. P. xanthorrhoeaeDVXQGHUVWRRGLQP\VWXG\GRHVQRWDJUHHDWOHDVWLQWKUHH points with the concept of Poliaspis presented by them. First, this species has no extra abdominal disc pores, whereas all the species examined by them are provided with H[WUDµSHULYXOYDU¶GLVFSRUHV6HFRQGO\WKLVVSHFLHVKDVWKHPHGLDQWUXOODHDSSDUHQWO\