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Environmental Impact Assessment Report of the European Investment Bank-Financed Sustainable Forest Management Project in Qiandongnan Prefecture, Guizhou Province

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Environmental Impact Assessment Report of the European Investment Bank-Financed Sustainable Forest Management Project in Qiandongnan Prefecture, Guizhou Province Environmental Impact Assessment Report of the European Investment Bank-financed Sustainable Forest Management Project in Qiandongnan Prefecture, Guizhou Province Forest Survey, Planning and Design Institute of Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture December 2014 Project Name: Environmental Impact Assessment Report of the European Investment Bank-financed Sustainable Forest Management Project in Qiandongnan Prefecture, Guizhou Province Construction Unit: Forestry Bureau of Qiandongnan Prefecture, Guizhou Province Prepared by: Forest Survey, Planning and Design Institute of Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Project Number: Project Leader: Gu Qingxian (master, engineer) Participants: Yang Xueyi (senior engineer, registered consulting engineer) Gu Qingxian (master, engineer) Forest Survey, Planning and Design Certificate No.: B 24-012 Mailing Address: No. 16 Beijing East Road, Kaili, Guizhou Tel: (0855) 8222042/2110263 E-mail: [email protected] Postal Code: 556000 Contents Chapter I General ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Project Background ..................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Project Overview ......................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Purpose of Assessment ............................................................................................... 7 1.4 Basis of Preparation .................................................................................................... 7 1.5 Biodiversity and Ecological Conversation Goals .......................................................... 9 1.6 Level and Scope of Assessment ................................................................................ 10 Chapter II Overview of Natural, Economic, Social and Construction Conditions .................... 11 2.1 Location ..................................................................................................................... 11 2.2 Geology and Geomorphology .................................................................................... 11 2.3 Clamatic Characteristics ............................................................................................ 12 2.4 River Hydrology ......................................................................................................... 13 2.5 Soil ............................................................................................................................ 13 2.6 Social and Economic Development Situation ............................................................ 14 2.7 Forestry Production and Management Conditions ....................................................... 1 2.8 Basic Information of the Project Construction and Organization Unit .......................... 4 2.9 Information of Forestry Production Entities .................................................................. 5 Chapter III Investigation and Assessment of Ecological Status Quo ........................................ 7 3.1 Status Assessment of Forest Resources ..................................................................... 7 3.2 Investigation and Assessment of Vegetation Status Quo .......................................... 12 3.3 Investigation and Assessment of Soil Erosion Status Quo ........................................ 22 3.4 Investigation and Assessment of Key Species under Protection and Important Sensitive Areas ................................................................................................................ 31 Chapter IV Environmental Feasibility Analysis for Project Construction ................................. 38 4.1 Analysis of Forest Resource Consitions in Project Area ............................................ 38 4.2 Analysis of Public Welfare and Commercial Forest in Project Area ........................... 38 4.3 Analysis of Afforestation-sensitive Areas ................................................................... 39 4.4 Analysis of Woodland to Be Constructed by the Project ............................................ 40 4.5 Afforestation Land Layout Reasonability Analysis ..................................................... 42 I 4.6 Feasibiity Analysis of Environmental Protection Measures of the Project .................. 42 4.7 Feasibility Conclusions .............................................................................................. 44 Chapter V Analysis and Assessment of Ecological Impact ..................................................... 45 5.1 Macro Impact of the Project on the Ecological Environment ..................................... 45 5.2 Impact of Project Activities on the Ecological Environment ....................................... 48 5.3 Analysis of the Social Impact of the Project ............................................................... 52 5.4 Econometric Analysis of Carbon Sequestration of the Project ................................... 52 Chapter VI Ecological Impact Protection Measures and Restoration Strategies .................... 64 6.1 Ecological Impact Avoidance Measures .................................................................... 64 6.2 Ecological Impact Mitigation Measures ..................................................................... 65 6.3 Ecological Restoration ............................................................................................... 66 6.4 Ecological Impact Risk Prevention Measures ............................................................ 67 Chapter VII Ecological Environment Management and Monitoring Plan ................................. 69 7.1 Ecological Environment Management ....................................................................... 69 7.2 Ecological Environment Monitoring ........................................................................... 69 Chapter VIII Conclusions and Recommendations .................................................................. 71 8.1 General Conclusions ................................................................................................. 71 8.2 Overall Conclusions ................................................................................................... 79 II Chapter I General 1.1 Project Background Qiandongnan Prefecture is located in southeastern Guizhou Province. Densely covered by mountains, it is very suitable for plant growth with a warm and humid climate and good soil conditions. Having long been known as “a mountinuous suitable land for forest”, it is a major collective forest area in south China with eight of the ten key forestry counties in Guizhou Province. Located at the upper reaches of the two water systems of the Yangtze River and the Pearl River, Qian Southease Prefecture has the Qingshui River and Douliu River which are important tributaries in the upstream of the two water systems, so that its forest ecological situation is directly related to the downstream ecological security and the forest here is an important ecological barrier. Previous Qiandongnan Prefecture party committees and governments have attached great importance to forestry development and made arrangements and deployments for the vigorous forestry development at the level of safeguarding the national ecological security and promoting the economic and social development across the Prefecture. Since 1980s, remarkable results have been achieved in forest cultivation and protection with funds raised through afforestation project loans and major forest projects. Qiandongnan Prefecture has a land of 3,033,710.0 hectares, including 1,910,327.2 hectares of forest, with a forest coverage of 62.97% and forest stock of 119.243 million square meters, both being the best historical level since the founding of new China. However, due to historical, natural and socio-economic conditions, problems such as the not high forest resource quality, low forest productivity, single structure of tree species, fragile ecology in some areas, lack of funds for forest resource cultivation, and low proportion of forestry of forestry farmers’ income still exist currently in the ecological construction of the Prefecture. How to properly handle the relationship between the protection, use and cultivation of forest resources and to promote coordinated economic and social development across the Prefecture is a new major issue facing the Prefecture’s ecological construction now. Since 2008, Guizhou Province has been listed as a national advance demonstration area of ecological cultivation and the Prefecture has been listed as national demonstration area of ecological compensation, and the Prefecture party committee and government has actively accelerated the construction of the three systems of “a complete forest ecological system, a developed forestry industry system and a prosperous eco-cultural system” based on the Prefecture’s conditions. In 2012, to support the economic and social development in Guizhou, the Central Party Committee and the State Council issued the Several Opinions on Further Promoting Sound and Rapid Economic and Social Development in Guizhou (Guo Fa (2012) No. 2) (hereinafter referred to as “Guo Fa No. 2” document) which clearly proposed the strategic position of an important ecological security barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and Pearl River for Guizhou. Qiandongnan Prefecture, as an important ecological area in the upper
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