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Mold and Moisture Moisture and Mold in My Home the wood can eventually warp and an exhaust fan while cooking or taking Indoor moisture problems occur in all cause walls to crack or become a shower). climates throughout the United States structurally weak. and Canada. Common symptoms are Moisture can also be a problem during mold, mildew and condensation. This How Does Mold Become A warm weather. Cold spots can be fact sheet provides information to Problem In My Home? created when running air conditioning people who have experienced moisture Many molds flourish in common systems. When humid air comes into problems in their home and presents building materials at temperatures contact with the cold spot, condensation the health concerns related to mold humans find comfortable. Therefore, and mold growth may result. exposure. It also provides general mold can thrive and multiply indoors if guidelines on mold detection, cleanup, there is moisture available. The Important Note: and removal of mold contaminated following are sources of indoor moisture Moisture is a by-product of combustion. materials. that may cause problems: If you see moisture condensation on • flooding windows or walls, you may have a Mold: What Is It? • backed-up sewer combustion problem in your home. It is Molds (also known as mildew or fungi) • leaky roof important to have sufficient air available are simple, microscopic organisms, • cooking, bathing and other interior for fuel-burning appliances (such as the found virtually everywhere, indoors and moisture (humidity) sources such furnace, water heater, stove/range, outdoors. as watering plants or wet clothes dryer and fireplace). A shortage of air For mold to grow, it needs: hung on indoor drying lines for these appliances can result in back • a location with a suitable • humidifiers drafting of dangerous gasses (such as temperature range • mud or ice dams carbon monoxide) and moisture into • a source of moisture • damp basement or crawl space the home. Contact your local utility • a food source - such as leaves, • constant plumbing leaks company or a professional heating wood, paper and other building • moisture not exhausted from contractor to inspect your fuel-burning materials. combustion appliances. appliances. Mold reproduction may occur through How Do High Indoor Humidity Or Health Effects Of Mold dispersal of mold spores which are very Moisture Levels Encourage Mold tiny and lightweight, allowing them to Growth? How Am I Exposed To Indoor travel through the air. Mold growths Liquid water can be squeezed Molds? can often be seen in the form of (condensed) out of air when the air Mold is found everywhere, indoors and discoloration, ranging in color from comes near a cool surface (just like the outdoors. It is common to find mold white to orange and from green to water droplets that form on a glass of spores in the air of homes. Mold brown to black. ice water on a humid summer day). spores primarily cause health problems This is most likely to happen when the when they enter the air and are inhaled Should I Be Concerned About air is humid (higher relative humidity) or in large numbers. People can also be Mold In My Home? when the surface is cold. Condensation exposed to mold through skin contact Yes, mold becomes a concern when may be the most common cause of and eating. the contamination is extensive. When moisture problems in buildings. airborne mold particles and spores are How Much Mold Does It Take To present in large numbers and inhaled, When it is cold outside, condensation Make Me Sick? they can cause allergic reactions, can form on cool indoor surfaces such It depends. For some people a asthma episodes, infections, and other as exterior walls and concrete floors relatively small number of mold spores respiratory problems. Also, exposure to (even under carpeting) causing can cause health problems. For other high spore levels can cause the unwanted mold growth. Moisture people, it may take many more. The development of an allergy to the mold problems and mold growth can be basic rule is, "if you can see it or smell leading to allergic reactions. prevented by keeping interior surfaces it" take steps to eliminate the excess Mold can also cause structural damage from becoming cold (by increasing moisture and cleanup and remove the to your home by weakening the wood insulation) or by lowering indoor mold. frame. In addition, when wood goes humidity levels by controlling ventilation through periods of wetting then drying, and moisture sources (such as running Who Is At Greater Risk When even after the molds are killed with outdoor air sample becomes the Exposed To Mold? cleaning solutions. Mycotoxins have reference by which the indoor air Exposure to mold is not healthy for been found in agricultural settings, in samples are measured against. anyone inside buildings. It is important food, and indoor spaces of homes and to quickly identify and correct any office buildings. Health effects moisture sources before health observed in humans vary with the specific toxin, the amount of exposure, problems develop. The following Solving Moisture Problems individuals appear to be at higher risk and the route of exposure. for adverse health effects of molds: And Reoccurrence Of Mold • infants and children Detection Of Mold • elderly Unless the source of moisture is removed and the contaminated area is • immune compromised patients How Can I Tell If I Have Mold In (people with HIV infection, cancer properly cleaned, mold growth will My House? reoccur. chemotherapy, liver disease) If you can see mold or if there is an • pregnant women earthy or musty odor, you can assume • Identify and correct the moisture • individuals with existing respiratory that you have a mold problem. Allergic conditions or sensitivities such as source individuals may have the symptoms • Clean, and thoroughly dry the allergies, multiple chemical listed above. Look for previous water sensitivity, and asthma. moldy area (sanitize only if damage, especially on porous necessary) materials. Visible mold growth often is • Bag and dispose of any material People with these special concerns found underneath materials where should consult a physician if they are that has moldy residues, such as water has damaged surfaces or behind rags, paper, leaves, or debris. having health problems. walls. Look for discoloration and leaching from plaster. What Symptoms Are Common? Allergic reactions may be the most Should I Test My Home For Mold? common health problem of mold It is not recommended to perform exposure. Typical symptoms (alone or testing as the first step to determine if in combination) reported by people you have a mold problem. Mold exposed to mold include: sampling can be expensive. If you can • respiratory problems see or smell mold, you have a moisture • nasal and sinus congestion and mold problem. Cleanup and • dry, hacking cough removal procedures are discussed • wheezing, and difficulty in breathing below. • sore throat • shortness of breath Airborne mold assessment requires • eyes - burning, watery, reddened, sampling equipment not available to the blurry vision, light sensitivity general public. Standard assessment • skin irritation methods will vary depending on the • central nervous system problems type of material sampled. If sampling is (constant headaches, memory done, normally a combination of source problems, mood changes). samples (carpet dust, discolored sheetrock) and airborne samples is Are Some Molds More Hazardous recommended. Currently, there are no Than Others? air standards for levels of mold indoors. Yes. Allergic individuals vary in their An outdoor air reference sample must sensitivities to mold, both in amount always be taken at the same time that and type needed to cause reactions. In indoor air samples are taken. This addition, certain molds produce toxins, called mycotoxins, that the mold uses to inhibit or prevent the growth of other organisms. Exposure to mycotoxins may present a greater hazard to occupants than that of allergenic or irritative molds. Mycotoxins and allergens are found in both living and dead molds and spores. Therefore, moldy materials need to be removed, • Cold surfaces: A modest How Do I Clean And Sanitize increase in indoor temperatures Mold In My Home? can reduce condensation on cold surfaces. Turning up Clean surfaces: thermostats, opening doors to • You must first clean the closets on exterior walls, contaminated area to remove opening heating grilles in existing mold. Identify And Correct Moisture unused rooms and adding • Use a non-ammonia soap/ Problems insulation in walls and ceilings detergent or a commercial Identify and remove the source of can help raise surface cleaner in hot water. moisture. After the moisture source has temperatures during cold • Thoroughly scrub all been corrected, begin the cleanup and weather. Re-directing cold air contaminated surfaces (use a drying out process. from air conditioning units away stiff brush to clean block walls from walls and other objects and other semi-porous You can usually control a moisture during warm, humid weather surfaces) with the problem by correcting water leaks (such can also help reduce soap/detergent. It is best to a plumbing or roofing problems), condensation. use an excessive amount of reducing indoor air moisture levels or • Flooding: Wait for water to cleaning solution for this step. increasing indoor surface temperatures recede, then begin cleanup and • Rinse clean with water. You (to limit condensation problems). drying out process. can use a wet-dry vacuum to collect excess water. Correcting common problems: Cleanup And Removal • Water leaks: Repair constant Of Mold Never mix bleach with ammonia -- the plumbing leaks no matter how fumes are toxic. small. Exterior soil, walkways What Can I Save? What Can I Wear eye protection & rubber gloves. and driveways should be Ventilate the working area well graded away from the house to Toss? prevent water from running into In this situation, use your best Sanitize surfaces: Consider the use of or puddling near the house judgement.
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