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REFUGE NABRATIVE REPORT January Te April, KODIAK

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REFUGE NABRATIVE REPORT January Te April, KODIAK REFUGE NABRATIVE REPORT January te April, 1953 KODIAK NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE Russell R. Hottau. ..... BEAVER POND - S.ALTERY COVE, CHI�"TAK PENINSULA- I q�-l- BEAVER CUTI'INGS OF COTTONWOOD- SALTE..C?.Y COVE - t q :r:a- -------------------------------�---------------�------------� '---------------------------�----�----��----------�� CONSTRUCTING NEW FLOAT :FOR GOVERJ'J:•::EI'J'l' DOCK -- --- -- - ---------- CONSTRUCTING NEW FLOAT \ \ ' \ ,--� ... - ------------------------------------------------/ CHAINING N.NN FLOAT TO DOCK -----------------�-------------------�----------�� NE!N FLOAT CHdlined TO DOCK AND READY TO LBE ( TRUCK WINCH CONVERT:E.'D TO ANCHOR 1INCH ON SHEARv.ATER II �FUGE NARRATIVE REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS I. GENERAL A. Weather condition••••••••••••••••••••l B. Water conditions ••••••••••••••••••••• , II. WILDLIFE A. Migrator.r birde•••••••••••••••••••••••4 B. Upland game birds•••••••••••••••••••••; 'C., Song bird.e••••••••••••••••••••••••••••5 D. Shore birds•••••••••••••••••••••••••••; E. Small game animal•••••••••••• •••••••••; Fa Big game animal•••••••••••••••••••••••6 G. Fur aniaals, predators, etc••••••••••lO H. Invertebrate••••••••••••••••••••••·••l2 III. REFUGE DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE A. Ph7sical development•••••••••••••••••l3 IV. BC(X)MIC USE OF REFUGE V. FIELD INVESTIGATIONS A. Cattle investigation•••••••••••••••••l5 B., Bear investigation•••••••••••••••••••l9 VI. PUBLIC RELATIONS A. Refuge visitors••••••••••••••••·•••••24 .... B. Refuge participatian••••••·••••••••••24 c. Huntinl••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••25 D. Fishing ••• •• . ••, •• ••••.,.• •• •. ••. ••• • ••2; E. Violation and enf'oreement• ••••••••••• 25 VII. OTHER ITEMS REFUGE !WlRATIVE REPORT Janua17 to April, 195.3 KODIAK NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE Kodiak, Ala*• I. GENERAL A.Weather Con4iit.iont The Kodiak Retup does not operate a weather station. Weather data is furnialaed b7 the neet Weather Central• Naval st.ation• Kodiak, AlaN:a. • • : . • • Temperature - F • Snowfall Precip. Average Average Extrue Extreme Inches Inches !!!!!! Max1aua Mi,ni•ma Hax:iaua HiniPlll J&nU&I'1 u.s 4.70 28.2 33.4 24-.S 43.0 10.5 ... � Februa17 26.0 6.15 31 •.3 35.7 26.9 42. 0 7.0 March 23.8 3.58 30.2 35.1 25.6 46.0 18.8 April Trace 4.97 38.3 u.6 34.1 52.0 27.2 _,_ Peak Wi.Dd "'uste Januai7 NW 58 Number of stol"'ls with gu.sts 30 to 55 knots ••••9 Februaey E 46 • �lumber of storas with gusts 30 to 55 knots • • • 11 March WNW 53 Nuaber of storms with gusts 30 to 55 knots •• • 12 April NE 38 Number of storas ld.th gusts 30 to 55 knots •• • .s General Rell&l'kt Janua1"7 The mean temperature compU.ed for Januar;y, 19531 sholf8 this month to be the second coldest on record. A record low of 25.1 degrees F • was the recorded mean temperature of Janua1"7.,1951. The time of favorable f]Jing conditions was tweln per cent lower than noru.l and could be contributed mU;DJ;y to the increase in wind velocit7 over twent7 knots over the cumulatin man. Februa1"7 Comparison of temperatures for Februar,y 1953 with the cumulative mean indicates the average mean, •an maxiJiua and the mean minimum to be slight� hisher than normal. The snowfall, 26 inches, is a new record for Februar.r; the previous high was 14.4 inches recorded in 1952. The average snowfall for Februar;y is 10.9 inches. The nu:aber of stol"lll8 with winds· 30 to 55 knots was ll1 over twice as mar17 as was previousl;r recorded.. No storms with wind in excess ot 55 knots were observed.. March Although a new record, ZT.'l%, was obtained for the aaount of time the cloud cover was one tenth or leas, last aonth was the second consecutive month that the record snowfall was exceeded• The average snowfall (10.4 inches) was more than doubled - ·l- (23.8 inches) , The previous high1 20,3 inches, fell in 1951. The annual record has already been exceeded this winter with 78.7 inches; the previous high was 71.4 inches obtained in the winter of 1948-1949. The average annual snowfall ie 45.3 inches, A correlation can be found in the number of storm. in which gust• 30 to 55 knots occurred aDi the snowfall. The new record of storms (12) to the cumulative mean is in pro­ portion as the snowfall. No storms occurred with guste in excess of 55 knots. April Early April was very dry with onl.y three and one half per cent of the total 110nthl7 precipitation falling during the first 14 d�e, but at least .05 inch was measured on each of the last 16 dqs which brought the total to nearl1' an inch above the April mean. A trace of snow fell on 6 dqs of the month; total snowfall this winter season ia 78.7 inches. Temperatures averaged about a degree higher than the mean. The lowest temperature occurred on the 8th and the highest on the 12th, B, Water Conditione · This winter was considerabl1' more temperate ae compared to the winter of 1951-1952; intermittent thaws and freezes occurring during all or this period preduced a condition of hardship on the wildlife and domestic herds here. The spring break-up was gradual and the water level remained high through April and Ma7. The lakes opened during the 2nd and 3rd week of this month and Karluk Lake broke ill April 10, Although the first two weeks of April were clear and dry1 a heaT,Y warm rain durin& the last two week• helped considerabl1' to melt the .... snow on the mountaina. By the end or April most of the snow had dis ... appeared on th e lower slopes but snow remained thick on the mountain tops. The record rainfall last fall and the record snowfall of 78.7 .... inches during the winter _.. not produce the high water storage or rapid run-offs as was expec�ed. C, Fires No fires occurred on the Ref'u&e during this period._ -3- II. WIWLIFE A. Migratory Birda Exceptionallr good weather prevailed over Kodiak Ialand on Janu&1'7 9, 1953, and the migrator;y waterfowl surve7 was succese- 1'ul.l.y' conducted. This surve7 was •de through the cooperation of tbe U.S. Coast Guard, N.s., Kodiak, Alaska. The surve7 followed a route along the peripheries of Kodiak Island and the southern portion of Afognak Island. The flight was made in a PBY flying 6 hours and 45 minutes at an altitude of 400 to 500 feet and traveling approximatelY 700 mil••• The flying conditions were good with visibility and ceiling unlimited and wind variable from 35 knots in the morning to 10 knots in the afternoon. The high degree of success was due largely to the excellent weather conditions permitting the pilot to fly into the heads of the bays at a low altitude. :,.� A total of 39,149 waterfowl was observed and estimated during \ ' the'- survey.. As an ana]Jrsis of the composition of waterfowl that winter on Kodiak and were identified, 29.3% were scoters and eiders, mallard - 15.4%, Pintail • 9.5%, Scaup - 10.6%, Goldeneyes - 12%, Old Squaws 14.1% and other ducks ( Gadwall, Baldpate, teal, Buffle­ head, Harlequin, Merganser) - 9.1%. The flights into the heads of the bay-s increased the numbers of Mallards observed, thereby changing the percentage composition of the population. Following are the total figures of wintering waterfowl observed and estimated for the past 5 years. 1949 • • • 0 • • • • • • • 31,350 waterfowl 1950 • • • • • • • • • • • 35,615 waterfowl 1951 • • • • • • • • • • • 34,336 waterfowl 1952 . .. • • • • • • ••36,632 waterfowl 1953 ••• • • • • • • • • 39,149 waterfowl ·- The migration of waterfowl was noted passing through the area during the last two weeks of April. Several floake of Black Br�t ..... were seen in the Chiniak Bay area,. One flock of 35 Canada Geese was seen at Chiniak. Residents of WoodT Island noted a fleck of approx­ imatelY 1,000 geese migrating northward on April 28. The number of migrating waterfowl appeared higher this year than the previous year. Pond ducks began to ass\lll8 the courtship behavior by the ena of this period. Eider numbers decreased sharplY and the birds began to fora larce flocks prior to moving northward. a sudden increase of pigeon guille110te was noted. -1/- B, Upland. Game Birds The willow ptarmigan began to change its plumage by the end. of this period but for the most part still retained the winter colors. ComparativelY few ptarmigan were killed on the Island this season and the majorit;r of the birds that were killed were taken on the southern end of the island. These birds are habituall7 found in the highest reaches of the mountains on the northern end of Kodiak Isl.ancl, making this a difficult bird to huat .. ConverselY, at the southern end of the island., these birds are found. in the rolling hills and on the tundra, ptarmigan were seen to be movinc to the lowr slopes on April 20, in the Pasagshak area, C, Song Birdt The usual winter species of sonc birds resided on Kodiak Island du� this period• Among the birds common were winter wrens, varied thruah, belted kingfishers, red. �Us, snow buntincs, black-eappecl chickadees, magpies and pine grosbeaks. D, Shore Birds Wilson Snipe were again observed on Chiniak Peninsula in .April. Varying Hare Indications do not show that the numbers of hare have increased ... this ;year, Residents report a lower number in the Olga Bay area as compared to last year, The hare is still numerous in the Uyak and Karluk drainages • .. .. Indications show that the numbers of hare on the north end of the island re-.in very low. By April 2;, the hare seen were mottled in color showing that the change froa white to brown had begun. - 5 - Woody Island and Long Island were su:rTeyed &luriD& March. Sip showed that the introduction of hare on these two island• one year ago was successful and the numbers have increased.
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