Florida State Hospital State of Florida Operating Procedure Department of No
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FLORIDA STATE HOSPITAL STATE OF FLORIDA OPERATING PROCEDURE DEPARTMENT OF NO. 150-14 CHILDREN AND FAMILIES CHATTAHOOCHEE, April 26, 2017 Health MEDICAL RESTRAINTS & SAFETY DEVICES 1. Purpose: This operating procedure prescribes the use of medical restraints and safety devices at Florida State Hospital. It establishes guidelines and methods to be employed by Hospital staff in restraining residents when the need is of a medical nature. 2. Scope: This procedure applies to all units at Florida State Hospital which use medical restraints. 3. References: a. Florida Statutes, Chapter 394 b. Florida Administrative Code 59A-3, Hospital Licensure c. Restraint Proper Environment OBRA Restraint Guidelines d. State Operations Manual, Appendix A, Survey Protocol, Regulations and Interpretive Guidelines for Hospitals, e. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS. §482.13 Conditions of Participation: Patient’s Rights 4. Philosophy of Florida State Hospital: Medical restraints of residents are methods of last resort and shall not be used unless lesser restrictive methods of intervention have been attempted and determined to be ineffective. Residents will be fully evaluated for restraint elimination and/or reduction at the time of each recovery team review (monthly, bi-monthly, 6-months and annual) and at the time of the 180-day review. Medical restraints shall be applied/ utilized in a manner that is most comfortable to the resident while preserving his/her dignity. Medical Restraints and safety devices shall NOT: a. impair neurovascular integrity; b. impair respiration; c. be tied to bedrails or moving parts of a gerichair or wheelchair; d. prevent residents from eating comfortably; e. interfere with toilet needs; This Operating Procedure supersedes: Operating Procedure 150-14 dated April 21, 2016 OFFICE OF PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY: Medical Services DISTRIBUTION: See Training Requirements Matrix April26,2017 FSHOP150-14 f. interfere with bathing, dressing changes, or other hygiene needs; g. prevent immobile residents from being repositioned every two hours; h. impair skin integrity (i.e., cause bruises, etc.); i. be used for the convenience of staff; j. be used as punishment; or k. be used as aversive stimulus. 5. Staff Training: Staff shall be trained by Professional Development and Training as part of orientation and subsequently on an annual basis. Staff responsible for the following actions will demonstrate competency in the following skills before participating in a medical restraint, related assignment or in provision of care for a resident in medical restraint: a. Observing for and reporting signs of physical and psychological distress. b. Safe and appropriate use of medical restraint techniques and safe application of medical restraint devices. c. Monitoring the physical and psychological well-being of the person who is restrained, including but not limited to respiratory and circulatory status, skin integrity, vital signs and any other associated requirements. 6. Requirements: Prior to using medical restraint, less restrictive measures, that include, but not limited to pillows, pads, and removable lap trays coupled with appropriate exercise will have been tried and documented. a. Restrictions: Medical restraints shall be used only when clinically indicated to: (1) protect the resident from self-injury; (2) facilitate the rendering of necessary medical treatment such as, nasogastric feeding or the elevation of an extremity; (3) act as an enabler to increase the resident's level of independence; for example the use of soft helmet for a resident with a seizure disorder if its purpose is to allow the resident some freedom of movement; (4) prevent the exacerbation of an existing medical condition; and (5) serve as a preventive measure in the spread of a communicable disease. b. Residents’ Rights: The resident's safety, dignity, and civil liberties must be top priorities each time medical restraints are utilized. Use of the restraining device must first be explained to the resident, and documented in the progress notes. Staff shall communicate with resident before and during application of medical restraints, in order to reduce resident's distress or anxiety. c. Physician’s Orders: As part of the Recovery Plan, the attending physician shall write the order for medical restraint after a clinical assessment of the situation. The assessment and the rationale for 2 April26,2017 FSHOP150-14 the use of medical restraint shall be included in the progress notes. The resident’s treatment order shall specify: (1) the conditions/medical rationale under which the resident is to be restrained; (2) the type of restraint to be used; and (3) parameters that determine the duration of restraints use. In the event the condition of the resident is such that he/she should be observed more frequently than every two (2) hours, the physician shall order the frequency of observation. Medical restraint orders are valid for up to seven (7) days, at which time they must be rewritten if continued use is necessary and clinically indicated. If the condition of the resident is chronic but relatively stable, then the requirement for frequency of renewal of Physician’s Order may be reduced. For example, the duration of the order may last for up to one (1) month, at which time the order must be rewritten. These restraints will be considered extended medical restraints. d. Emergency Medical Restraints: The physician and/or the nurse have the authority to utilize emergency medical restraints. e. Observations: Generally, an observation of the restrained resident is to be made and documented every two (2) hours; but more frequently as ordered by the physician. A registered nurse shall evaluate the resident shortly after the shift and approximately four (4) hours later. This evaluation shall be documented in the progress notes. The LPN can observe, gather data, and report. f. Care of the Resident: All efforts will be made to ensure the physical comfort, dignity and safety of the resident while he/she remains in restraints. Efforts shall be documented on the flow sheet and include: (1) Exercise and Repositioning: During each two-hour period, active or passive exercises and repositioning will be provided unless contraindicated. (2) Meals: Residents will receive all meals at regular times. Residents will be positioned and restraints will be adjusted as necessary in order for meals to be eaten both safely and comfortably. (3) Toileting: Residents will be allowed to toilet themselves in the most normal and dignified manner possible. Toileting will be allowed upon request, but will be offered during each one- hour period. If the resident is incontinent, care will be provided at each time of need. (4) Bathing: Baths will be provided based on the resident's condition. g. Flow Sheets: A Medical Restraint Flow Sheet will be maintained by the direct care staff during the entire period that the resident is in medical restraints. It is the immediate supervisor’s responsibility to check the flow sheet to ensure it is being completed correctly. h. Recovery Team Responsibility: The recovery team shall review the need for medical restraints as part of their total management of the resident. This is done during scheduled team meetings (monthly, bi-monthly, 6-months and annual cycle). The team will assure that adequate positioning interventions and other specific individual interventions are included in the Recovery Plan. Reduction plans as well as regular attempts/evaluations without restraint will be incorporated into the plan. Plans to reduce restraints shall include specific instruction and time frames for reduction. 3 April26,2017 FSHOP150-14 i. Physician Documentation: The physician will document the rationale for the medical restraint order on the Physician's Order form. (1) The physician will document in the Progress Note the following: (a) a description of the behavioral and clinical assessment of the resident which prompted the decision to utilize medical restraint; (b) the precise goals of medical restraint; and (c) the condition for discontinuing the medical restraint. (2) Monthly Progress Note: The physician will write monthly progress notes for all residents with orders for medical restraints. The note will describe, assess and justify the requirement for, and the effects of the medical restraint used. (3) The physician will review, initial and date all consultations (Form 29) related to restraint usage. j. Licensed Nurse/Shift Supervisor Documentation: (1) Emergency Restraints: The Registered Nurse will assess the resident within thirty (30) minutes after the restraint is applied; and document his/her findings on the Medical Restraint Nursing Assessment/Progress Note (Form 617). The assessment shall be done at the beginning of each shift and approximately four (4) hours later for the duration of the order. All assessments shall be documented on the Medical Restraint Nursing Assessment/ Progress Note, Form 617. This form should be filed in chronological order in the Progress Note section of the chart. (2) All residents in medical restraints must have documentation which indicates that they were observed by an RN/LPN shortly after the beginning of the shift and approximately four (4) hours later. The LPN can observe, gather data, and report. (3) The RN’s assessment form will be required for all residents in medical restraint, regardless of the duration of the restraint. (4) Monthly Progress Note: Prior to a Physician’s Order being rewritten, the registered nurse will assess