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OpenStack GitHub Web Hooks Run GNOME with Kolla with Bash in a Container Since 1994: The original magazine of the Linux community What Exactly Is DevOps? Building a Successful Infrastructure Configuration Management with Ansible CI/CD with FOSS Tools PLUS GEEK GUIDE ISSUE 301 | AUGUST 2019 Calculating the ROI of DevSecOps www.linuxjournal.com AUGUST 2019 CONTENTS ISSUE 301 60 DEEP DIVE: DevOps 61 Experts Attempt to Explain DevOps—and Almost Succeed by Bryan Lunduke What is DevOps? How does it relate to other ideas and methodologies within software development? 68 Continuous Integration/Continuous Development with FOSS Tools by Quentin Hartman Up your DevOps game! Get the fundamentals of CI/CD with FOSS tools now! 78 Digging Through the DevOps Arsenal: Introducing Ansible by Petros Koutoupis If you need to deploy hundreds of server or client nodes in parallel, maybe on premises or in the cloud, and you need to configure each and every single one of them, what do you do? 88 My Favorite Infrastructure by Kyle Rankin Take a tour through the best infrastructure I ever built with stops in architecture, disaster recovery, configuration management, orchestration and security. BONUS: GEEK GUIDE Calculating the ROI of DevSecOps by Petros Koutoupis 2 | August 2019 | https://www.linuxjournal.com CONTENTS 6 The DevOps Issue by Bryan Lunduke 8 From the Editor by Doc Searls Where the Internet Gets Real UPFRONT 14 DNA Geometry with cadnano by Joey Bernard 21 Patreon and Linux Journal 22 Loadsharers: Funding the Load-Bearing Internet Person by Eric S. Raymond 27 Reality 2.0: a Linux Journal Podcast 28 News Briefs COLUMNS 32 Kyle Rankin’s Hack and / RV Offsite Backup Update 37 Reuven M. Lerner’s At the Forge Understanding Python’s asyncio 44 Dave Taylor’s Work the Shell Bash Shell Games: Continuing Development of the Go Fish! Game 51 Zack Brown’s diff -u What’s New in Kernel Development 166 Glyn Moody’s Open Sauce Open Source Is Good, but How Can It Do Good? LINUX JOURNAL (ISSN 1075-3583) is published monthly by Linux Journal, LLC. Subscription-related correspondence may be sent to 9597 Jones Rd, #331, Houston, TX 77065 USA. Subscription rate is $34.50/year. Subscriptions start with the next issue. 3 | August 2019 | https://www.linuxjournal.com CONTENTS ARTICLES 106 Build a Versatile OpenStack Lab with Kolla by John S. Tonello Hone your OpenStack skills with a full deployment in a single virtual machine. 127 Running GNOME in a Container by Adam Verslype Containerizing the GUI separates your work and play. 141 Writing GitHub Web Hooks with Bash by Andy Carlson Bring your GitHub repository to the next level of functionality. 151 Words, Words Words—Introducing OpenSearchServer by Marcel Gagné How to create your own search engine combined with a crawler that will index all sorts of documents. AT YOUR SERVICE SUBSCRIPTIONS: Linux Journal is available as a digital SPONSORSHIP: We take digital privacy and digital magazine, in PDF, EPUB and MOBI formats. Renewing responsibility seriously. We've wiped off all old advertising your subscription, changing your email address for issue from Linux Journal and are starting with a clean slate. Ads delivery, paying your invoice, viewing your account details we feature will no longer be of the spying kind you find or other subscription inquiries can be done instantly on most sites, generally called "adtech". The one form of online: https://www.linuxjournal.com/subs. Email us at advertising we have brought back is sponsorship. That's where [email protected] or reach us via postal mail at Linux Journal, advertisers support Linux Journal because they like what we 9597 Jones Rd #331, Houston, TX 77065 USA. Please remember to do and want to reach our readers in general. At their best, include your complete name and address when contacting us. ads in a publication and on a site like Linux Journal provide useful information as well as financial support. ACCESSING THE DIGITAL ARCHIVE: Your monthly download There is symbiosis there. For further information, email: notifications will have links to the different formats and to the [email protected] or call +1-360-890-6285. digital archive. To access the digital archive at any time, log in at https://www.linuxjournal.com/digital. WRITING FOR US: We always are looking for contributed articles, tutorials and real-world stories for the magazine. An LETTERS TO THE EDITOR: We welcome your letters author’s guide, a list of topics and due dates can be found and encourage you to submit them at online: https://www.linuxjournal.com/author. https://www.linuxjournal.com/contact or mail them to Linux Journal, 9597 Jones Rd #331, Houston, TX 77065 USA. NEWSLETTERS: Receive late-breaking news, technical tips Letters may be edited for space and clarity. and tricks, an inside look at upcoming issues and links to in- depth stories featured on https://www.linuxjournal.com. Subscribe for free today: https://www.linuxjournal.com/ enewsletters. 4 | August 2019 | https://www.linuxjournal.com EDITOR IN CHIEF: Doc Searls, [email protected] EXECUTIVE EDITOR: Jill Franklin, [email protected] DEPUTY EDITOR: Bryan Lunduke, [email protected] TECH EDITOR: Kyle Rankin, [email protected] ASSOCIATE EDITOR: Shawn Powers, [email protected] EDITOR AT LARGE: Petros Koutoupis, [email protected] CONTRIBUTING EDITOR: Zack Brown, [email protected] SENIOR COLUMNIST: Reuven Lerner, [email protected] SENIOR COLUMNIST: Dave Taylor, [email protected] PUBLISHER: Carlie Fairchild, [email protected] Join a ASSOCIATE PUBLISHER: Mark Irgang, [email protected] DIRECTOR OF DIGITAL EXPERIENCE: Katherine Druckman, [email protected] community DIRECTOR OF SALES: Danna Vedder, [email protected] GRAPHIC DESIGNER: Garrick Antikajian, [email protected] with a deep ACCOUNTANT: Candy Beauchamp, [email protected] COMMUNITY ADVISORY BOARD appreciation John Abreau, Boston Linux & UNIX Group; John Alexander, Shropshire Linux User Group; Robert Belnap, Classic Hackers UGA Users Group; Lawrence D’Oliveiro, Waikato Linux Users Group; Chris Ebenezer, Silicon Corridor Linux User Group; David Egts, Akron Linux Users Group; for open-source Michael Fox, Peterborough Linux User Group; Braddock Gaskill, San Gabriel Valley Linux Users’ Group; Roy Lindauer, Reno Linux Users Group; James Mason, Bellingham Linux User Group; Scott Murphy, Ottawa Canada Linux Users Group; Andrew Pam, Linux Users of Victoria; Bob Proulx, Northern Colorado Linux User's Group; Ian Sacklow, Capital District Linux Users Group; philosophies, Ron Singh, Kitchener-Waterloo Linux User Group; Jeff Smith, Kitchener-Waterloo Linux User Group; Matt Smith, North Bay Linux Users’ Group; James Snyder, Kent Linux User Group; Paul Tansom, Portsmouth and South East Hampshire Linux User Group; Gary Turner, Dayton Linux Users Group; Sam Williams, Rock River Linux Users Group; digital Stephen Worley, Linux Users’ Group at North Carolina State University; Lukas Yoder, Linux Users Group at Georgia Tech freedoms Linux Journal is published by, and is a registered trade name of, Linux Journal, LLC. 4643 S. Ulster St. Ste 1120 Denver, CO 80237 and privacy. SUBSCRIPTIONS E-MAIL: [email protected] URL: www.linuxjournal.com/subscribe Mail: 9597 Jones Rd, #331, Houston, TX 77065 Subscribe to SPONSORSHIPS E-MAIL: [email protected] Linux Journal Contact: Director of Sales Danna Vedder Phone: +1-360-890-6285 Digital Edition LINUX is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. for only $2.88 an issue. Private Internet Access is a proud sponsor of Linux Journal. SUBSCRIBE TODAY! 5 | August 2019 | https://www.linuxjournal.com The DevOps Bryan Lunduke is a former Software Tester, former Issue Programmer, former VP of Technology, former Linux By Bryan Lunduke Marketing Guy (tm), former openSUSE Board Member... and current Deputy Editor Every few years a new term is coined within the computer of Linux Journal, Marketing industry—big data, machine learning, agile development, Director for Purism, as well as host of the popular Internet of Things, just to name a few. You’d be forgiven for Lunduke Show. More details: not knowing them all. http://lunduke.com. Some of these are new ideas. Some are refinements on existing ideas. Others still are simply notions we’ve all had for a long time, but now we have a new word to describe said notions. Which brings me to a topic we cover in depth in this issue of Linux Journal: DevOps. Not sure what DevOps is? Need it explained to you? It’s okay, I was in the same boat. Start off by reading “Experts Attempt to Explain DevOps—and Almost Succeed” to get a high-level explanation of what this whole DevOps brouhaha is all about. Once you’ve got the concept of DevOps firmly implanted in your brain, it’s time to dive in and look at how specific parts of DevOps can be implemented, starting with “Continuous Integration/Continuous Development with FOSS Tools” by 6 | August 2019 | https://www.linuxjournal.com The DevOps Issue Quentin Hartman, Director of Infrastructure and DevOps at Finalze. Next, turn to Linux Journal’s very own Editor at Large (and senior performance software engineer at Cray), Petros Koutoupis, for a look at how to install and utilize Ansible to deploy and configure large numbers of Linux servers all at once. It’s a nifty tool to have in your toolbelt, especially when looking to do things “The DevOps Way”. Okay, you’ve got the idea of DevOps, and you know some of the tools you can utilize with it as you build out a big, expansive online service. But what does a truly excellent system really look like? What components does it consist of? How does one go about selecting said components? Luckily, we’ve got Kyle Rankin’s aptly titled “My Favorite Infrastructure” to answer those questions. Linux Journal’s illustrious Tech Editor (and Chief Security Officer at Purism) gives a tour of, what he considers to be, the best infrastructure he ever built.
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