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Geologic Map of the Yellow Pine Quadrangle, Valley County, Idaho
IDAHO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY IDAHOGEOLOGY.ORG DIGITAL WEB MAP 190 MOSCOW AND BOISE STEWART AND OTHERS present in exposures in the southern part of the map. Quartzite is feldspar The Johnson Creek shear zone is a major regional structure (Lund, 2004). To PIONEER GROUP (CH0776) poor. Thickness unknown because of complex internal folding and the the south of the quadrangle it can be traced as a series of faults (Fisher and 19DS16 GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE YELLOW PINE QUADRANGLE, VALLEY COUNTY, IDAHO The Pioneer group is a prospected area located northeast of the mouth of presence of a foliation that may or may not be transposed bedding. Likely others, 1992; Stewart and others, 2018), none of which appear to be as equivalent to the quartzite and schist unit in the Stibnite roof pendant silicified as in the Yellow Pine area. One splay likely connects to the Dead- Riordan Creek. One Defense Minerals Administration (DMA) application Cambrian y CORRELATION OF MAP UNITS and one Defense Minerals Exploration Administration (DMEA) loan appli- t i mapped by Stewart and others (2016). wood fault, which is locally mineralized at and southwest of the Deadwood l i lower cation were made in the 1950s for claims in this area, details of which are b Mine (Kiilsgaard and others, 2006). To the north, north of the Red Mountain a b Zmsm Marble of Moores Station Formation (Neoproterozoic)—Discontinuous lenses available in Frank (2016). Prospects at slightly lower elevation were termed o qtzite David E. Stewart, Reed S. Lewis, Eric D. Stewart, and Zachery M. Lifton stockwork, the fault zone is intruded by voluminous Eocene dikes (Lund, r p of buff to light-gray marble and lesser amounts of millimeter- to the Syringa Group (DMA Docket 1036). -
Pacific Petroleum Eology
Pacific Petroleum Geology NEWSLETTER Pacific Section • American Association of Petroleum Geologists September & October• 2010 School of Rock Ridge Basin CONTENTS 2010-2011 OFF I C E RS EV E RY ISSU E President Cynthia Huggins 661.665.5074 [email protected] 4 Message from the President • C. Huggins President-Elect John Minch 805.898.9200 6 Editor’s Corner • E. Washburn [email protected] Vice President Jeff Gartland 7 PS-AAPG News 661.869.8204 [email protected] 13 Publications Secretary Tony Reid 661.412.5467 17 Member Society News [email protected] Treasurer 2009-2011 Cheryl Blume TH I S ISSU E 661.864.4722 [email protected] 8 Sharktooth Hill Fossil Fund • K. Hancharick Treasurer 2010-2012 Jana McIntyre 661.869.8231 [email protected] 10 AAPG Young Professionals • J. Allen Past President Scott Hector 11 Serpentine: The Rest of the Story • Mel 707.974.6402 [email protected] Erskine Editor-in-Chief Ed Washburn 661.654.7182 [email protected] ST AFF Web Master Bob Countryman 661.589.8580 [email protected] Membership Chair Brian Church 661.654.7863 [email protected] Publications Chair Larry Knauer 661.392.2471 [email protected] [email protected] Advisory Council Representative Kurt Neher 661.412.5203 [email protected] Cover photo of Ridge Basin outcrop courtesy Jonathan Allen Page 3 Pacific Petroleum Geologist Newsletter September & October • 2010 MESSAGE FRO M THE PRESIDENT CYNTHIA HUGGINS Do you know what Marilyn Bachman, Mike Fillipow, Peggy Lubchenco, and Jane Justus Frazier have in common? They were all recipients of the Teacher of the Year Award from AAPG, and they all came from the Pacific Section! Of the 13 recipients of this award, four have been from PSAAPG. -
Chapter 01.Pdf
Mathematical Background in Aircraft Structural Mechanics CHAPTER 1. Linear Elasticity SangJoon Shin School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Seoul National University Active Aeroelasticityand Rotorcraft Lab. Basic equation of Linear Elasticity Structural analysis … evaluation of deformations and stresses arising within a solid object under the action of applied loads - if time is not explicitly considered as an independent variable → the analysis is said to be static → otherwise, structural dynamic analysis or structural dynamics Small deformation Under the assumption of { Linearly elastic material behavior - Three dimensional formulation → a set of 15 linear 1st order PDE involving displacement field (3 components) { stress field (6 components) strain field (6 components) plane stress problem → simpler, 2-D formulations { plane strain problem For most situations, not possible to develop analytical solutions → analysis of structural components … bars, beams, plates, shells 1-2 Active Aeroelasticity and Rotorcraft Lab., Seoul National University 1.1 The concept of Stress 1.1.1 The state of stress at a point State of stress in a solid body… measure of intensity of forces acting within the solid - distribution of forces and moments appearing on the surface of the cut … equipollent force F , and couple M - Newton’s 3rd law → a force and couple of equal magnitudes and opposite directions acting on the two forces created by the cut Fig. 1.1 A solid body cut by a plane to isolate a free body 1-3 Active Aeroelasticity and Rotorcraft -
Along Strike Variability of Thrust-Fault Vergence
Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Theses and Dissertations 2014-06-11 Along Strike Variability of Thrust-Fault Vergence Scott Royal Greenhalgh Brigham Young University - Provo Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd Part of the Geology Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Greenhalgh, Scott Royal, "Along Strike Variability of Thrust-Fault Vergence" (2014). Theses and Dissertations. 4095. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4095 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Along Strike Variability of Thrust-Fault Vergence Scott R. Greenhalgh A thesis submitted to the faculty of Brigham Young University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science John H. McBride, Chair Brooks B. Britt Bart J. Kowallis John M. Bartley Department of Geological Sciences Brigham Young University April 2014 Copyright © 2014 Scott R. Greenhalgh All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT Along Strike Variability of Thrust-Fault Vergence Scott R. Greenhalgh Department of Geological Sciences, BYU Master of Science The kinematic evolution and along-strike variation in contractional deformation in over- thrust belts are poorly understood, especially in three dimensions. The Sevier-age Cordilleran overthrust belt of southwestern Wyoming, with its abundance of subsurface data, provides an ideal laboratory to study how this deformation varies along the strike of the belt. We have per- formed a detailed structural interpretation of dual vergent thrusts based on a 3D seismic survey along the Wyoming salient of the Cordilleran overthrust belt (Big Piney-LaBarge field). -
Folds and Folding
Chapter ................................ 11 Folds and folding Folds are eye-catching and visually attractive structures that can form in practically any rock type, tectonic setting and depth. For these reasons they have been recognized, admired and explored since long before geology became a science (Leonardo da Vinci discussed them some 500 years ago, and Nicholas Steno in 1669). Our understanding of folds and folding has changed over time, and the fundament of what is today called modern fold theory was more or less consolidated in the 1950s and 1960s. Folds, whether observed on the micro-, meso- or macroscale, are clearly some of our most important windows into local and regional deformation histories of the past. Their geometry and expression carry important information about the type of deformation, kinematics and tectonics of an area. Besides, they can be of great economic importance, both as oil traps and in the search for and exploitation of ores and other mineral resources. In this chapter we will first look at the geometric aspects of folds and then pay attention to the processes and mechanisms at work during folding of rock layers. 220 Folds and folding 11.1 Geometric description (a) Kink band a a It is fascinating to watch folds form and develop in the laboratory, and we can learn much about folds and folding by performing controlled physical experiments and numerical simulations. However, modeling must always be rooted in observations of naturally folded Trace of Axial trace rocks, so geometric analysis of folds formed in different bisecting surface settings and rock types is fundamental. Geometric analy- (b) Chevron folds sis is important not only in order to understand how various types of folds form, but also when considering such things as hydrocarbon traps and folded ores in the subsurface. -
Folds & Folding
Folds and Folding Earth Structure (2nd Edition), 2004 W.W. Norton & Co, New York Slide show by Ben van der Pluijm © WW Norton; unless noted otherwise Folds Maryland Appalachians Swiss Alps 9/18/2010 © EarthStructure (2nd ed) 2 Fold Classification fold shape in profile interlimb angle similar/parallel symmetry/vergence fold size amplitude wavelength fold facing upward/downward fold orientation axis/hinge line axial surface fold in 3D cylindrical/non-cylindrical presence of secondary features foliation lineation DePaor, 2002 9/18/2010 © EarthStructure (2nd ed) 3 Fold terminology 9/18/2010 © EarthStructure (2nd ed) 4 Fold facing (a) upward facing antiform or anticline (b) upward facing synform or syncline (c) downward-facing antiform or antiformal syncline (d) downward-facing synform or synformal anticline (e) profile view; (f) map view 9/18/2010 © EarthStructure (2nd ed) 5 Fold Shape parallel fold similar fold ptygmatic folds 9/18/2010 © EarthStructure (2nd ed) 6 Fold shape a. Parallel fold b. Similar fold t is layer-perpendicular thickness; T is axial trace-parallel thickness 9/18/2010 © EarthStructure (2nd ed) 7 Dip isogons In Class 1A (a) the construction of a single dip isogon is shown, which connects the tangents to upper and lower boundary of folded layer with equal angle (α) relative to a reference frame; dip isogons at 10° intervals are shown for each class. Class 1 folds (a– c) have convergent dip isogon patterns; dip isogons in Class 2 folds (d) are parallel; Class 3 folds (e) have divergent dip isogon patterns. In this classification, parallel (b) and similar (d) folds are labeled as Class 1B and Class 2, respectively. -
The Role of Flexural Slip in the Development of Chevron Folds
Scholars' Mine Masters Theses Student Theses and Dissertations Spring 2018 The role of flexural slip in the development of chevron folds Yuxing Wu Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/masters_theses Part of the Petroleum Engineering Commons Department: Recommended Citation Wu, Yuxing, "The role of flexural slip in the development of chevron folds" (2018). Masters Theses. 7788. https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/masters_theses/7788 This thesis is brought to you by Scholars' Mine, a service of the Missouri S&T Library and Learning Resources. This work is protected by U. S. Copyright Law. Unauthorized use including reproduction for redistribution requires the permission of the copyright holder. For more information, please contact [email protected]. i THE ROLE OF FLEXURAL SLIP IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHEVRON FOLDS by YUXING WU A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF SCIENCE IN PETROLEUM ENGINEERING 2018 Approved by Andreas Eckert, Advisor John Patrick Hogan Jonathan Obrist Farner ii 2018 Yuxing Wu All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Chevron folds are characterized by straight limbs and narrow hinge zones. One of the conceptual models to initiate and develop chevron folds involves flexural slip during folding. While some kinematical models show the necessity for slip to initiate during chevron folding, recent numerical modeling studies of visco-elastic effective single layer buckle folding have shown that flexural slip does not result in chevron folds. In this study, several 2D finite element analysis models are run, distinguished by 1) geometry of the initial perturbation (sinusoidal and white noise), 2) varying thewavelength of the initial perturbation (10%, 50%, and 100% of the dominant wavelength) and 3) variation of the friction coefficient (high and low friction coefficient between interlayers). -
Joints, Folds, and Faults
Structural Geology Rocks in the Crust Are Bent, Stretched, and Broken … …by directed stresses that cause Deformation. Types of Differential Stress Tensional, Compressive, and Shear Strain is the change in shape and or volume of a rock caused by Stress. Joints, Folds, and Faults Strain occurs in 3 stages: elastic deformation, ductile deformation, brittle deformation 1 Type of Strain Dependent on … • Temperature • Confining Pressure • Rate of Strain • Presence of Water • Composition of the Rock Dip-Slip and Strike-Slip Faults Are the Most Common Types of Faults. Major Fault Types 2 Fault Block Horst and Graben BASIN AND Crustal Extension Formed the RANGE PROVINCE Basin and Range Province. • Decompression melting and high heat developed above a subducted rift zone. • Former margin of Farallon and Pacific plates. • Thickening, uplift ,and tensional stress caused normal faults. • Horst and Graben structures developed. Fold Terminology 3 Open Anticline – convex upward arch with older rocks in the center of the fold (symmetrical) Isoclinal Asymmetrical Overturned Recumbent Evolution Simple Folds of a fold into a reverse fault An eroded anticline will have older beds in the middle An eroded syncline will have younger beds in middle Outcrop patterns 4 • The Strike of a body of rock is a line representing the intersection of A layer of tilted that feature with the plane of the horizon (always measured perpendicular to the Dip). rock can be • Dip is the angle below the horizontal of a geologic feature. represented with a plane. o 30 The orientation of that plane in space is defined with Strike-and- Dip notation. Maps are two- Geologic Map Showing Topography, Lithology, and dimensional Age of Rock Units in “Map View”. -
Anticline and Adjacent Areas Grand County, Utah
Please do not destroy or throw away this publication. If you have no further use for it write to the Geological Survey at Washington and ask for a frank to return it UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Harold L. Ickes, Secretary GEOLOGICAL, SURVEY W. C. Mendenhall, Director Bulletin 863 GEOLOGY OF THE SALT VALLEY ANTICLINE AND ADJACENT AREAS GRAND COUNTY, UTAH BY C. H. DANE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1935 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. - - Price $1.00 (Paper cover) CONTENTS Abstract.____________________________________________________ 1 .Introduction____________________________________________ 2 Purpose and scope of the work_____________________________ 2 Field work.____________________________________________________ 4 Acknowledgments....-___--____-___-_--_-______.__________ 5 Topography, drainage, and water supply. ______ 5 Climate_._.__..-.-_--_-______- _ ____ 11 Vegetation. ____________________________ 14 Fuel.._____________________________________ 15 Population, accessibility, routes of travel___--______..________ 15 Previous publications......--.-.-.---.-...__---_-__-___._______ 17 Stratigraphy __ ____.____-__-_---_--____---______--___________.__ 18 Pre-Cambrian complex___---_-_-_-_-_-_-_--__ __--______ 20 Carboniferous system..______--__--_____-_-_-_-_-___-___.______ 24 Pennsylvanian (?) series.__________________________________ 24 Unnamed conglomerate--_______-._____________________ 24 Pennsylvanian series..--____-_-_-_-_-_-______--___.________ 25 Paradox formation.____-_-___---__-_____-__-__-__..__. -
Evolution of the Guerrero Composite Terrane Along the Mexican Margin, from Extensional Fringing Arc to Contractional Continental Arc
Evolution of the Guerrero composite terrane along the Mexican margin, from extensional fringing arc to contractional continental arc Elena Centeno-García1,†, Cathy Busby2, Michael Busby2, and George Gehrels3 1Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, México D.F. 04510, México 2Department of Geological Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9630, USA 3Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA ABSTRACT semblage shows a Callovian–Tithonian (ca. accreted to the edge of the continent during 163–145 Ma) peak in magmatism; extensional contractional or oblique contractional phases The western margin of Mexico is ideally unroofing began in this time frame and con- of subduction. This process can contribute sub- suited for testing two opposing models for tinued into through the next. (3) The Early stantially to the growth of a continent (Collins, the growth of continents along convergent Cretaceous extensional arc assemblage has 2002; Busby, 2004; Centeno-García et al., 2008; margins: accretion of exotic island arcs by two magmatic peaks: one in the Barremian– Collins, 2009). In some cases, renewed upper- the consumption of entire ocean basins ver- Aptian (ca. 129–123 Ma), and the other in the plate extension or oblique extension rifts or sus accretion of fringing terranes produced Albian (ca. 109 Ma). In some localities, rapid slivers these terranes off the continental margin by protracted extensional processes in the subsidence produced thick, mainly shallow- once more, in a kind of “accordion” tectonics upper plate of a single subduction zone. We marine volcano-sedimentary sections, while along the continental margin, referred to by present geologic and detrital zircon evidence at other localities, extensional unroofing of Collins (2002) as tectonic switching. -
Thick-Skinned, South-Verging Backthrusting in the Felch and Calumet Troughs Area of the Penokean Orogen, Northern Michigan
Thick-Skinned, South-Verging Backthrusting in the Felch and Calumet Troughs Area of the Penokean Orogen, Northern Michigan U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1904-L AVAILABILITY OF BOOKS AND MAPS OF THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Instructions or. ordering publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, along with the last offerings, are given in the current-year issues of the monthly catalog "New Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey." Prices of available U.S. Geological Survey publications released prior to the current year are listed in the most recent annual "Price and Availability List" Publications that are listed in various U.S. Geological Survey catalogs (see back inside cover) but not listed in the most recent annual "Price and Availability List" are no longer available. Prices of reports released to the open files are given in the listing "U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Reports," updated monthly, which is for sale in microfiche from the USGS ESIC-Open-File Report Sales, Box 25286, Building 810, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225 Order U.S. Geological Survey publications by mail or over the counter from the offices given below. BY MAIL OVER THE COUNTER Books Books Professional Papers, Bulletins, Water-Supply Papers, Tech Books of the U.S. Geological Survey are available over the niques of Water-Resources Investigations, Circulars, publications counter at the following U.S. Geological Survey offices, all of of general interest (such as leaflets, pamphlets, booklets), single which are authorized agents of the Superintendent of Documents. copies of periodicals (Earthquakes & Volcanoes, Preliminary De termination of Epicenters), and some miscellaneous reports, includ ANCHORAGE, Alaska-4230 University Dr., Rm. -
Deformation in the Hinge Region of a Chevron Fold, Valley and Ridge Province, Central Pennsylvania
JournalofStructuraIGeolog3`ko{ ~,.No 2, pp 157tolt, h, 1986 (~IUI-~',I41/gc~$03(10~0(Ki Printed in Oreal Britain ~{: ]t~s¢~Pcrgam-n Press lJd Deformation in the hinge region of a chevron fold, Valley and Ridge Province, central Pennsylvania DAVID K. NARAHARA* and DAVID V. WILTSCHKO% Department of Geological Sciences, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 481(19, U.S A (Received 27 November 1984: accepted in revised form 18 July 1985) Abstract--The hinge region of an asymmetrical chevron fold in sandstone, taken from the Tuscarora Formation of central Pennsylvania. U.S.A., was studied in detail in an attempt to account for the strain that produced the fold shape. The'fold hinge consists of a medium-grained quartz arenite and was deformed predominantly by brittle fracturing and minor amounts of pressure solution and intracrystalline strain. These fractures include: (1) faults, either minor offsets or major limb thrusts, (2) solitary well-healed quartz veins and (3) fibrous quartz veins which are the result of repeated fracturing and healing of grains. The fractures formed during folding as they are observed to cross-cut the authigenic cement. Deformation lamellae and in a few cases, pressure solution, occurred contemporaneously with folding. The fibrous veins appear to have formed as a result of stretching of one limb: the', cross-cut all other structures. Based upon the spatial relationships between the deformation features, we believe that a neutral surface was present during folding, separating zones of compression and extension along the inner and outer arcs, respectively. Using the strain data from the major faults, the fold can be restored back to an interlimb angle of 157°; however, the extension required for such an angle along the outer arc is much more than was actually measured.