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2018 Sofiascarincinestrovski V UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA, LETRAS E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS DEPARTAMENTO DE TEORIA LITERÁRIA E LITERATURA COMPARADA SOFIA SCARINCI NESTROVSKI O único lugar, afnal, onde podemos encontrar a felicidade: O mundo e William Wordsworth VERSÃO CORRIGIDA v. 1 São Paulo 2018 UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA, LETRAS E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS DEPARTAMENTO DE TEORIA LITERÁRIA E LITERATURA COMPARADA O único lugar, afnal, onde podemos encontrar a felicidade: O mundo e William Wordsworth VERSÃO CORRIGIDA De acordo Fábio Rigatto de Souza Andrade, 15/12/2018 Sofa Scarinci Nestrovski Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria Literária e Literatura Comparada da Faculdade de Filosofa, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Letras. Orientador: Prof. Fábio Rigatto de Souza Andrade v. 1 São Paulo 2018 Autorizo a reprodução e divulgação total ou parcial deste trabalho, por qualquer meio convencional ou eletrônico, para fins de estudo e pesquisa, desde que citada a fonte. Autorizo a reprodução e divulgação total ou parcial deste trabalho, por qualquer meio convencional ou eletrônico, para fins de estudo e pesquisa, desde que citada a fonte. Catalogação na Publicação Serviço de Biblioteca e Documentação Faculdade de Filosofia, LetrasCatalogação e Ciências Humanasna Publicação da Universidade de São Paulo Serviço de Biblioteca e Documentação Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo Nestrovski, Sofia Scarinci N457u O unico lugar, afinal, onde podemos encontrar a felicidade:Nestrovski, OSofia mundo Scarinci e William Wordsworth / Sofia N457u Scarinci O unico Nestrovski lugar, afinal, ; orientador onde podemos Fábio Rigattoencontrar de a Souzafelicidade: Andrade. O mundo- São ePaulo, William 2018. Wordsworth / Sofia Scarinci 119 f. Nestrovski ; orientador Fábio Rigatto de Souza Andrade. - São Paulo, 2018. 119 f. Dissertação (Mestrado)- Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo. Dissertação Departamento (Mestrado)- de Teoria Faculdade Literária de eFilosofia, Literatura Comparada.Letras e Ciências Área de Humanasconcentração: da Universidade Teoria Literária de São e LiteraturaPaulo. Departamento Comparada. de Teoria Literária e Literatura Comparada. Área de concentração: Teoria Literária e Literatura Comparada. 1. POESIA. 2. LITERATURA INGLESA. 3. ROMANTISMO. 4. BIOGRAFIAS. 5. AUTOBIOGRAFIAS. I. Andrade, Fábio Rigatto 1. POESIA. de Souza, 2. LITERATURAorient. II. INGLESA. Título. 3. ROMANTISMO. 4. BIOGRAFIAS. 5. AUTOBIOGRAFIAS. I. Andrade, Fábio Rigatto de Souza, orient. II. Título. NESTROVSKI, S. S. O único lugar, afnal, onde podemos encontrar a felicidade: o mundo e William Wordsworth. Dissertação apresentada à Faculdade de Filosofa, Letras e Ciências Humanas para obtenção do título de Mestre em Letras. ERRATA Agradecimentos Onde se lê “Fapesp”, leia-se “Agradeço à Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) pela concessão de bolsa de mestrado e apoio fnanceiro para a realização desta pesquisa. Processo 2016/12463-3”. NESTROVSKI, S. S. O único lugar, afnal, onde podemos encontrar a felicidade: o mundo e William Wordsworth. Dissertação apresentada à Faculdade de Filosofa, Letras e Ciências Humanas para obtenção do título de Mestre em Letras. Aprovado em: Banca Examinadora Dr(a): Instituição: Julgamento: Assinatura: Dr(a): Instituição: Julgamento: Assinatura: Dr(a): Instituição: Julgamento: Assinatura: UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA, LETRAS E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS ENTREGA DO EXEMPLAR CORRIGIDO DA DISSERTAÇÃO/TESE Termo de Ciência e Concordância do (a) orientador (a) Nome do (a) aluno (a): Sofia Scarinci Nestrovski Data da defesa: 26/10/2018 Nome do Prof. (a) orientador (a): FáBio de Souza Andrade Nos termos da legislação vigente, declaro ESTAR CIENTE do conteúdo deste EXEMPLAR CORRIGIDO elaborado em atenção às sugestões dos membros da comissão Julgadora na sessão de defesa do trabalho, manifestando-me plenamente favorável ao seu encaminhamento e publicação no Portal Digital de Teses da USP. São Paulo, 25/03/2019 ___________________________________________________ (Assinatura do (a) orientador (a) Agradecimentos Agradeço ao meu orientador, prof. Fábio de Souza Andrade; À Fapesp; Ao CNPq; À USP; Às bibliotecas públicas de São Paulo; Ao LibGen; Ao Sci-Hub; À Deborah Salles, pela diagramação, à Milena Varallo pela padronização. E também aos que me ensinaram, aos que me ajudaram, aos que me fzeram companhia durante este processo: Aldrey, Alexandra, Alice, Amanda, Analu, Arif, Arthur Bernardo, Bia, Bia Carlos, Carmen, Carol, Cláudia, Cristina Dalali, Danilo, Deborah, Dora Eugênio Fábio, Felipe, Fernanda, Fred Gil, Guilherme Leda, Lívia, Lucas, Lucia Márcio, Marcos, Marcos Paulo, Maria Angela, Maria Emília, Marina, Mario, Michel, Milena Nina Olga Pedro Raquel, Ricardo Silvana Victor Yera Ziqiang “Not in Utopia, — subterranean felds, Or some secreted island, heaven knows where! — But in the very world which is the world Of all of us, the place where in the end We fnd our happiness, or not at all” William Wordsworth The prelude, 1850, XI, vv. 140-144. Resumo Esta pesquisa é uma introdução à obra do poeta inglês William Wordsworth (1770-1850). Ela se estrutura em seis capítulos, divididos em dois eixos paralelos. Os capítulos de número par são voltados exclusivamente a obras do poeta: o primeiro é sobre o livro Baladas líricas (1798), analisado em contraponto com o cenário da poesia inglesa da época. O segundo é sobre o poema conhecido como “Tintern Abbey”, e se volta mais detalhadamente à singularidade do autor, passando por questões teóricas sobre a representação do pensamento na poesia e a invenção do “eu” no poema. O último capítulo da série é sobre o livro O prelúdio (1805/1850), autobiografa do poeta; o capítulo é uma breve discussão sobre o que são livros. O segundo eixo — o dos capítulos de número ímpar —, compõe um ambiente para a leitura do poeta: são retratos de pessoas que participaram de seu círculo íntimo. O primeiro é sobre sua irmã, Dorothy Wordsworth, e os diários que escrevia; o segundo, sobre o poeta S.T. Coleridge, coautor das Baladas líricas; o último é sobre o utopista e viajante John “Walking” Stewart. Palavras-chave: William Wordsworth; Romantismo; Poesia inglesa; Pensamento; Biografa. Abstract This dissertation is an introduction to the works of William Wordsworth (1770-1850). It is divided into six chapters, organized under two main lines. Chapters 2, 4 and 6 focus exclusively on William Wordsworth’s poems: chapter 2 discussing the Lyrical Ballads (1798) in comparison to the different literatures of the period; chapter 4 focusing on “Tintern Abbey” and the poet’s uniqueness, while at the same time researching the modes of thought that occur in poetry, and the invention of the poetic “I”. The last chapter of this triad focuses on the author’s autobiography, The prelude (1805/1850); it is a short text, concerned with the notion of what books are. The second triad — chapters 1, 3 and 5 — creates an environment for the reading of the poems: three portraits of people who were part of the poet’s circle of friends and infuences. The frst one is on the poet’s sister, Dorothy Wordsworth, and on her diary-writing. The second one is on S.T. Coleridge, who co-wrote the Lyrical Ballads. The last one is on John “Walking” Stewart, an utopian as well as a literal fellow-traveler. Keywords: William Wordsworth; Romanticism; English poetry; Thought; Biography. Sumário 1 Introdução 15 Capítulo 1. A irmã: Dorothy Wordsworth 32 Capítulo 2. Parceria: As baladas líricas 50 Capítulo 3. O amigo: S.T. Coleridge 69 Capítulo 4. Companhia: “Tintern Abbey” 93 Capítulo 5. O utopista: John “Walking” Stewart 100 Capítulo 6. Conversas: O prelúdio 105 Referências bibliográfcas 112 Anexo I Fala de abertura Introdução William Wordsworth escrevia poemas e se preocupava com uma questão de volume: as pessoas ao seu redor pareciam estar fcando surdas, todas falando cada vez mais alto. Pois inúmeras causas, antes desconhecidas, estão agora unindo forças para embotar os poderes discriminatórios da mente, tornando-a inapta para qualquer esforço voluntário, de modo a reduzi-la a um estado de entorpecimento quase bestial. De todas as causas, as mais efcazes são os grandes eventos nacionais que ocorrem diariamente e o crescente acúmulo de homens nas cidades, onde a uniformidade de suas ocupações produz um anseio por incidentes extraordinários, incidentes que a velocidade da troca de informações gratifca de hora em hora.1 Olhando agora, fca muito claro para nós que, se o problema das pessoas era o torpor provocado pelo avanço da urbanização, pelos trabalhos ingratos e a midiatização da vida, o problema não foi remediado.2 Wordsworth escrevia poemas como quem sussurra: fazia parte de seu projeto poético e político não se exaltar. Havia, como veremos, um ímpeto redentor nisso. Mas num sentido muito literalista o projeto de Wordsworth fracassou, e nós não fomos redimidos. Como, afnal, parece ter acontecido com tantos projetos de sua época — ele viveu a Revolução Francesa e nós hoje nos perguntamos se a democracia não estaria chegando ao fm. Mas essa leitura de Wordsworth é muito redutora e, no fundo, descabida diante da função e do poder dos poetas. Na juventude, Wordsworth envolveu-se com o pensamento político da França e acreditou na Revolução: [...] foi uma época em que a Europa celebrava: […] ’twas a time when Europe was rejoiced, A França estava no ápice de suas horas de ouro
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