Cloud Security with Citrix Xenserver and Intel Xeon E5

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Cloud Security with Citrix Xenserver and Intel Xeon E5 SOLUTION BRIEF New Capabilities with Citrix XenServer® and the Intel® Xeon® Processor E5 Family Supervisor Mode Access Prevention (SMAP) and Page Modification Logging (PML) deliver enhanced security and performance As an IT professional, you are under New Security Capabilities Add to constant pressure to deliver a lot: an Already Strong Foundation better services, enhanced security and The more secure technologies and compliance, reduced costs, and an infrastructures become, the more infrastructure that supports workers in determined the hackers who would the office, on the road, and anywhere in exploit them get. Intel and Citrix between. You have to be confident that engineers work to help ensure that the solutions you and your team rely your enterprise has every possible on deliver every possible advantage. advantage to keep your data secure Intel and Citrix have collaborated for and hackers out. years to deliver solutions to help you Intel® Trusted Execution Technology meet the demands you face. These (Intel® TXT) is one such advantage.1 solutions can help your business It provides scalable platform easily deploy cloud technologies that security for both physical and virtual enhance security and deliver optimum infrastructures. At boot, Intel TXT performance and uptime. verifies the system BIOS, critical Intel and Citrix have a history of firmware, and hypervisor; if no issues innovation that continues with are found, the system boots into a Supervisor Mode Access Prevention trusted state. If issues are found, the (SMAP) and Page Modification system instead boots into an untrusted Logging (PML). SMAP and PML help state. This verification of trust helps you enhance security and maintain strengthen protection against certain availability and maximum performance types of attacks. for critical line-of-business (LOB) Intel TXT was first introduced as workloads. And Citrix XenServer® 7.0 a feature that could optionally be is one of the first server-virtualization enabled. With the release of the Intel platforms that takes advantage of the Xeon processor E5 v4 family, Intel SMAP and PML capabilities enabled by TXT is enabled by default. It is also the Intel® Xeon® processor E5 v4 family. accompanied by the new SMAP New Capabilities with Citrix XenServer® and the Intel® Xeon® Processor E5 Family 2 capability. SMAP works on top of Intel added SMAP code to the Citrix At-a-Glance: Intel® Xeon® Intel TXT to bring an added layer Xen® hypervisor in Xen Project* Processor E5 v4 Family and of protection to your enterprise’s (xenproject.org). The Citrix XenServer Citrix XenServer® 7.0 virtualized environments. engineering team then worked to ensure that SMAP was integrated Intel and Citrix collaborate to In virtualized environments without into XenServer 7.0. Enterprises that deliver cloud solutions that take SMAP, the hypervisor has full access run XenServer 7.0 on the Intel Xeon advantage of hardware-assisted to data on user pages. This access is processor E5 v4 family will be among security and provide a foundation needed for specific functionality, but it the first able to take advantage of the of trust. also provides an open door for a class SMAP capability and to access added of malware attack that lets a guest Intel® TXT provides a hardware security for virtualized environments. root of trust on platforms powered modify a pointer in the hypervisor’s memory space, direct it back to the by the Intel® Xeon® processor E5 See Performance Gains During guest’s memory space, and then take family and the Intel Xeon Host Migration processor E7 family.1 Together control of the hypervisor. During a typical live migration from with XenServer, Intel TXT helps SMAP is a CPU-based mechanism that one host to another, the hypervisor protect the underlying platform helps prevent unintended supervisor- copies all of the memory content from from threats from BIOS, hypervisor, mode access to data in the user space the guest virtual machine to the host. and other firmware attacks, in by blocking access in all areas except Because the virtual machine is still addition to software-based at- explicitly whitelisted sections. This being used during migration, it can tacks, such as root-kit installations. minimizes the ability of malware to continue writing pages to memory. divert operating-system access to With Intel TXT and XenServer, Any pages written to memory during malware-controlled user data (for your enterprise can create migration are set as read-only. When example, so-called NULL page attacks trusted compute pools—groups the guest then tries to write a page to on Linux*, when the app maps data at of hosts with verified security the memory, a write fault occurs. Each 0x0 and tricks the OS into using it). If integrity—that have sophisticated write fault is logged, impacts runtime, a specific function requires supervisor security, auditing, and reporting and creates additional load on the mode access to data in the user space, policies applied using third-party host. The more intensively the guest is SMAP is automatically—but only orchestration and reporting tools. utilized during migration, the greater temporarily—disabled to allow the the impact. Supervisor Mode Access function to run. Prevention (SMAP) works alongside Intel TXT to provide an added layer of security with hardware checking Spervisor ode ccess Prevention against malware attacks aimed at letting the guest take control of hypervisor memory. Figure 1. SMAP prevents the hypervisor from accessing the guests’ memory space other than when needed for a specific function New Capabilities with Citrix XenServer® and the Intel® Xeon® Processor E5 Family 3 Server CP sae At-a-Glance: Citrix XenServer® Used by many of the world’s larg- Without Page est public-cloud service providers, Modification Logging XenServer is a bare-metal server- virtualization platform built on the With Page Available Modification Logging CPU Cycles open-source Citrix Xen® hypervisor. It can help your enterprise handle the most demanding workloads, uest page written to memory Write fault error and it is designed to scale with your business needs. Figure 2. With PML, CPU cycles previously used to track guest memory-page writes during live migration are available for guest use instead Citrix XenServer takes advantage of Intel® Virtualization Technology (Intel® VT), which further enhances PML is a new capability on the Intel can run faster during migrations than the hypervisor’s performance on Xeon processor E5 v4 family that Citrix on a system with only HDDs. High- servers powered by Intel® Xeon® XenServer 7.0 takes advantage of to throughput Intel SSDs for PCIe bring processors. Capabilities such as help reduce runtime overhead created data directly to Intel Xeon processors Supervisor Mode Access Preven- with the typical live-migration process. in near real time. The number of input/ tion SMAP) and Page Modification PML logs pages in hardware, rather than output (I/O) operations per second Logging (PML), available with Citrix in software through the hypervisor, (IOPS) can increase dramatically. The XenServer 7.0 and the Intel Xeon as is done without PML. XenServer benefit is more performance per server, processor E5 v4 family, make easily determines whether a virtual in addition to significantly reducing Citrix XenServer the clear choice machine has written to any pages latency during PML and other I/O for your enterprise. during migration and, if needed, it operations in a virtualized environment. flags those pages. No write faults are created or logged, which reduces Access More Advantages with the runtime overhead. Intel Xeon Processor E5 v4 Family pricing model, and optimizations for CPU cycles that would have been and Citrix XenServer 7.0 virtual desktops and cloud computing. In addition to being one of the first used for tracking memory pages are The Intel Xeon processor E5 v4 family server-virtualization platforms to now available for use by the guest enables SMAP and PML. These and support the SMAP and PML capabilities instead. Virtual machines become more other new technologies help optimize in the Intel Xeon processor E5 v4 family, responsive, and the load on the host performance based on workload XenServer 7.0 offers an updated DOM0 is reduced. Flagged pages are simply demands, enhance cryptographic (Domain 0), improved storage, and recopied to the destination host during speed, and more. New orchestration multiple operational improvements. the next live-migration stage—this is and automation capabilities help better done transparently to the administrator manage shared-platform resources New SMAP and PML capabilities and users and without increasing the across compute, networking, and add to the already strong XenServer time to complete the live migration. storage. The Intel Xeon processor E5 virtualization platform and the Intel v4 family also features a higher core XenServer 7.0 is one of the first Xeon processor E5 family to let you count than previous-generation Intel server-virtualization platforms to let further enhance security and maintain Xeon processors, in addition to higher enterprises take advantage of the PML availability and maximum performance memory bandwidth, secure space for capabilities built in to the Intel Xeon for critical LOB workloads in your cryptographic keys, and enhanced processor E5 v4 family. enterprise. Bring these new capabilities, memory monitoring. along with other new technologies, to your virtualized environment with Citrix Intel® Solid-State Drives (SSDs) Deliver XenServer
Recommended publications
  • Citrix Historical Retrospective 1989-2010 2010 • Citrix Xendesktop Feature Pack 1 Released • Citrix Xendesktop 4 Honored A
    Citrix Historical Retrospective 1989-2010 2010 • Citrix XenDesktop Feature Pack 1 released • Citrix XenDesktop 4 honored as an InfoWorld 2010 Technology of the Year Award winner • Joint collaboration agreement with Microsoft to accelerate virtual desktop adoption. • First public release of Citrix XenClient, a new client-side virtualization solution, developed in collaboration with Intel • New Citrix HDX™ “Nitro” technologies, which include groundbreaking innovations at all levels of the desktop virtualization infrastructure, introduced • Citrix XenDesktop® 4 won the “Best of Interop” 2010 award for leading innovation in virtualization • Citrix NetScaler “burst pack” licenses, which extend the flexible pay-as-you-grow model by scaling data center capacity during traffic spikes, introduced • Citrix XenServer 5.6, with powerful new features for the free and paid editions, becomes available • Citrix Receiver and Citrix GoToMeeting become available as apps in the Apple iPad App Store • Citrix XenDesktop including Citrix XenClient and Citrix XenVault are introduced, making it easier for IT to incorporate mobile laptop users into a unified enterprise desktop virtualization strategy • Citrix and Cisco partner to provide the new Cisco Desktop Virtualization Solution • Citrix and Microsoft introduced V-Alliance, an expanded global partnership with Microsoft that gives Citrix and Microsoft partners access to special sales and marketing tools • Citrix acquired VMLogix, a leading provider of virtualization management for private and public clouds • Announces HD Faces – integrated video – in its GoToMeeting web collaboration offering • Citrix GoToTraining, an easy online training tool that allows you to deliver interactive online training sessions to anyone, anywhere, at any time is introduced • Citrix enhanced its Citrix OpenCloud™ infrastructure platform that extend the company’s leadership position as the most widely deployed provider of virtualization and networking solutions for the open cloud.
    [Show full text]
  • Sharefile Enterprise
    Product Overview ShareFile Enterprise Built for business. Trusted by IT. Flexible enough to meet enterprise needs. Secure enough to satisfy corporate policies. Easy enough for everyone to use. Collaborate, share, store, sync, and secure data on any device, anywhere. citrix.com Product Overview ShareFile Enterprise Key Benefits: Trends such as employee mobility, workshifting and BYO devices are • Provide secure, instant access to corporate data – online or offline putting pressure on IT, along with the business need to leverage • Data mobility - mobilize existing existing investments, protect corporate data and intellectual property enterprise data wherever it is stored • Choose where data is stored – and meet regulatory compliance requirements. In addition, growing on prem, in the cloud or both global and dispersed workforces, the need to collaborate and • Sync, share and collaborate from anywhere securely share data with other employees, 3rd parties, customers, • Protect data and retain IT control partners, further adds to these complexities. Employees have – solve the “Dropbox problem” • Deliver next-gen mobility increasingly turned to unsecure and unauthorized personal online – integrated mobile desktops, file sharing accounts for access to corporate data and files across all apps and data of their devices, and to share data with others. Personal online file sharing usage in the workplace creates serious risks for the enterprise with potential data loss, violation of regulatory rules, and places data outside of IT control. To combat this, Citrix ShareFile, a secure data sync and sharing service with flexible storage options allows IT to protect and mobilize all enterprise data. ShareFile enables mobile productivity with read-write access to data, workflows and collaboration, allows users to securely share files with anyone, and sync files across all of their devices.
    [Show full text]
  • ME Full Holdings Report 20201231.Xlsx
    2021年2月22日 投資家の皆様へ MFSインベストメント・マネジメント株式会社 弊社ファンド・オブ・ファンズの組入ファンドの保有明細開示について 平素は格別のお引き立てを賜り、厚く御礼申し上げます。 当社が設定、運用するファンド・オブ・ファンズにつきまして、一般社団法人投資信託協会が定める「投資 信託等の運用に関する規則」第22条第4項に基づき、組入ファンドの保有明細開示を下記のとおりご報告 いたします。 記 1. 開示対象のファンド・オブ・ファンズ MFSプルーデント・ファンド(米ドル売り円買い) 2. 開示対象の組入ファンド MFSメリディアン・ファンズ-プルーデント・キャピタル・ファンド 3. 開示基準日:2020年12月31日 4.保有銘柄明細 時価評価額 銘柄名 国名 ウェイト(%) LEG Immobilien AG 4.62 Germany US Treasury Note 1.125% SEP 30 21 3.19 United States US Treasury Note 1.75% MAR 31 22 3.19 United States US Treasury Note 2.25% MAR 31 21 3.19 United States US Treasury Note 2% DEC 31 21 3.16 United States US Treasury Note 2.125% JUN 30 21 3.15 United States Alphabet Inc Class A 2.72 United States Vonovia SE 2.17 Germany Wolters Kluwer NV 2.02 Netherlands Check Point Software Technologies Ltd 2.02 Israel Costco Wholesale Corp 1.96 United States Nintendo Co Ltd 1.83 Japan Charter Communications Inc 1.79 United States Nitto Denko Corp 1.79 Japan Citrix Systems Inc 1.77 United States KDDI Corp 1.72 Japan Oracle Corp 1.70 United States Beiersdorf AG 1.63 Germany Sage Group PLC/The 1.63 United Kingdom Nestle SA 1.62 Switzerland Kose Corp 1.55 Japan Heineken NV 1.43 Netherlands Accenture PLC 1.39 United States Booking Holdings Inc 1.38 United States Amadeus IT Group SA 1.36 Spain Yamato Holdings Co Ltd 1.35 Japan Constellation Software Inc/Canada 1.33 Canada Deutsche Wohnen SE 1.27 Germany 時価評価額 銘柄名 国名 ウェイト(%) Kao Corp 1.25 Japan Kyocera Corp 1.21 Japan adidas AG 1.19 Germany Danone SA 1.04 France Legrand SA 0.99 France Premier Inc 0.97 United States Swiss Re AG
    [Show full text]
  • Citrix Xendesktop on HPE Proliant DL560 with HPE Ssds
    Fact sheet Citrix XenDesktop on HPE ProLiant DL560 with HPE SSDs Boost mobility, increase productivity, and reduce costs with a persistent, high-performance client virtualization solution to meet the needs of your most demanding users—online and oline with HPE servers and HPE Solid State Drives (SSDs)—powered by Intel Are you facing these challenges? • Do you need remote access to apps from anywhere, at any time, using any device? • Would you like to improve data security, maintain compliance, and address data geo location requirements? • Do you want to increase flexibility and scalability to support all the users within your environment? • Are you looking for a consistent, high-performance user experience to meet SLAs? • Do you want to simplify and accelerate your Microsoft® Windows® 10 migration? Client virtualization is the answer! Centralized management and control A seamlessly integrated user experience • Deliver applications and full virtual desktops • Ensure consistent performance and availability • Support Linux®, Mac, and Windows endpoints • Centralize file sharing for your virtual workforce • Simplify image management Increased protection of corporate assets • Automate desktop provisioning • Deploy granular security controls • Save on PC refresh cycles • Ensure full auditability for compliance and protection • Increase employee productivity • Reduce risk of data breaches by keeping apps and data in the data center Fact sheet Deploy end-to-end, high-performance client virtualization Accelerate time-to-value HPE ProLiant DL560
    [Show full text]
  • Deliver Secure Digital Workspaces with Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops on Microsoft Azure Technology and Dispersion: Shaping the Modern Workplace
    Deliver secure digital workspaces with Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops on Microsoft Azure Technology and dispersion: Shaping the modern workplace Where, when, and how people work has dramatically changed. Remote work trends are here to stay while fewer employees than ever before are working full-time in traditional offices. This distributed world has forced additional IT demands on your business. It is now essential that IT solutions unite the modern workplace, not hinder it. IT needs to foster employee engagement and collaboration—while enabling dispersed teams, decentralized workplaces, and off-premises IT infrastructure. The consumerization of IT that started over a decade ago has firmly shaped our expectations of what business technology should provide. Employees expect on-demand access to virtually any kind of content from any device, whenever it’s needed. The traditional way individuals, as well as teams, interact and collaborate for business has fundamentally been altered. To maximize employee productivity, businesses need to enhance their capability to provide secure, remote access to a modern digital 74 percent of companies workspace—on any device. The right modern workspace solution plan to shift some of their employees to remote unites the various elements that make up today’s distributed business working permanently.1 environment—its workforce, devices, and technology. Citrix.com | e-book | Deliver secure digital workspaces with Citrix and Microsoft | Citrix ©2021 2 What the modern workforce needs Remote work and reliance on personal devices have seeded a frustration felt by employees and employers alike: Why doesn’t our business technology deliver the experience and satisfaction that consumer tech does? Why can’t I instantly access all my work-related data, files, and apps, as well as connect with my work colleagues as easily as I do with friends?2 When 2020 ushered in unexpected remote work mandates, these pains only became exasperated.
    [Show full text]
  • Citrix Xenserver 7.1 Quick Start Guide
    Citrix XenServer ® 7.1 Quick Start Guide Published February 2017 1.0 Edition Citrix XenServer ® 7.1 Quick Start Guide Copyright © 2017 Citrix Systems. Inc. All Rights Reserved. Version: 7.1 Citrix, Inc. 851 West Cypress Creek Road Fort Lauderdale, FL 33309 United States of America Disclaimers This document is furnished "AS IS." Citrix, Inc. disclaims all warranties regarding the contents of this document, including, but not limited to, implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for any particular purpose. This document may contain technical or other inaccuracies or typographical errors. Citrix, Inc. reserves the right to revise the information in this document at any time without notice. This document and the software described in this document constitute confidential information of Citrix, Inc. and its licensors, and are furnished under a license from Citrix, Inc. Citrix Systems, Inc., the Citrix logo, Citrix XenServer and Citrix XenCenter, are trademarks of Citrix Systems, Inc. and/or one or more of its subsidiaries, and may be registered in the United States Patent and Trademark Office and in other countries. All other trademarks and registered trademarks are property of their respective owners. Trademarks Citrix® XenServer ® XenCenter ® Contents 1. Welcome ........................................................................................................ 1 2. Installing XenServer and XenCenter .............................................................. 3 2.1. Installing the XenServer Host .......................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Access of Secure Patient Records
    Solution brief Access of secure patient records Why choose HPE HPE Client Virtualization for healthcare • Secure Wi-Fi for mobile devices • HPE Aruba ClearPass for role-based Accelerate healthcare mobility, optimize workflow access and Internet of Things (IoT) support Improve caregiver productivity—and deliver timely, quality • Location services providing wayfinding care—with personalized follow-me workspaces that cut • Transformation Workshops costs, complexity, and risk • Comprehensive persona assessments services • Increased caregiver productivity through The shift to a value-based model in User-centered strategy end user mobility and tap-and-go healthcare is causing providers to rethink how Successful client virtualization starts with the simplicity they can better improve the quality of patient move from a device and technology-driven • Industry-leading security to reduce care and preventative health maintenance approach to one centered on user experience. risk and assist in meeting regulatory while increasing revenue and reducing costs. requirements Optimizing individual and team productivity • Mobile single sign-on (SSO) access to Many are looking to mobility and takes understanding preferences, tasks, Electronic Health Records (EHRs) and workflow-optimization strategies. The promise workloads, and workflow. Some staff need picture archiving and communication of smartphones, tablets, and other client to access only a limited set of applications; system (PACS) devices to improve the efficiency and efficacy others need a wide range
    [Show full text]
  • Citrix Iforum 2000 Northern Europe Demonstrates Digital IndependenceThrough Application Server Computing Submitted By: Axicom Friday, 14 April 2000
    Citrix iForum 2000 Northern Europe demonstrates Digital Independencethrough Application Server Computing Submitted by: AxiCom Friday, 14 April 2000 Sponsors include Compaq, Data General, ESoft Global, Futurelink and IBM Citrix Systems today unveiled further details of the forthcoming iForum 2000 Northern Europe, a conference designed to enable IT innovators to exchange ideas, successes and strategies, plus learn the business benefits that application serving derives in their business environment. iForum 2000 takes place on the 13th and 14th June at the Wembley Conference Centre, London. The conference will address how application serving offers enterprises the computing independence to leverage existing and new IT investments, and how it can extend the reach of enterprise applications across the globe, at record speeds. iForum is a knowledge exchange on how IT investments can be strategic assets that support, influence and transform the way companies do business in a world of accelerated change. To date, sponsors of Citrix iForum 2000 NE include Compaq Computer Corporation, Data General, ESOFT Global, Futurelink and IBM Corporation. Citrix iForum Northern Europe will feature educational sessions from user organisations such as BT and Volvo, industry experts, representatives of leading hardware and software vendors, emerging ASPs and Citrix executives. The agenda includes keynote presentations from Psion Inc, Robin Bloor, CEO of Bloor Research and Ed Iacobucci, Chairman and Founder of Citrix Systems. "In today’s dynamic and competitive
    [Show full text]
  • 5 Ways Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops Beats Vmware Horizon
    Solution Brief 5 ways Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops beats VMware Horizon From greater flexibility to better Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops provides choice and flexibility for the ever-changing landscape of today’s security, explore the one true IT infrastructure. IT teams can deliver Citrix workloads complete solution. that fit their organization’s technology strategy, which includes public clouds such as Microsoft Azure with Virtual workforce platforms are growing in number. Windows Virtual Desktop (WVD), Amazon Web Services Data bandwidth is also growing, as are bring-your- (AWS), and Google Cloud Platform (GCP), as well as any own-device (BYOD) solutions. With this mobile freedom on-premises hypervisor, including Citrix Hypervisor™, comes the need for more protection and security in Microsoft Hyper-V, Nutanix AHV, and VMware vSphere. a virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) solution. It’s a challenge, to be sure. But Citrix Virtual Apps and Our Citrix Ready® Program contains hundreds of Desktops™ is the one true standalone product that solutions from leading vendors that have been tested can comprehensively meet all your needs now and for compatibility and interoperability with Citrix Virtual in the future. Apps and Desktops to further extend and enhance deployments and meet business objectives. How does Citrix stack up against the competition? This includes optimization for Microsoft Teams, Zoom, Find out. Consider five ways Citrix Virtual Apps and Cisco Jabber, Skype for Business, and Avaya one-X. Desktops measures up next to VMware Horizon. 1. Management and choice Hundreds of tested and compatible solutions. Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops empowers your workforce to securely access Windows and Linux applications and desktops from anywhere, on any device.
    [Show full text]
  • Five Reasons to Choose Citrix Xenserver White Paper
    Five reasons to choose Citrix XenServer White Paper Five reasons to choose Citrix XenServer The installation process, server management, workload performance, desktop and application delivery and cost of XenServer make it the clear choice in server virtualization solutions. www.citrix.com Summary Citrix® XenServer® is a complete, managed server virtualization platform and is widely acknowledged as the fastest and most secure virtualization software in the industry. Since 2009, over 50,000 customers have installed XenServer and are using it to run millions of VMs. XenServer has proven it can handle any server workload and is designed for efficient management of Windows® and Linux® virtual servers while delivering a cost-effective server consolidation and business continuity solution. Whether you’re virtualizing servers for the first time, expanding your server virtualization footprint, or moving server workloads to the cloud, consider the following five reasons to choose XenServer as your server virtualization platform. Ten minutes to Xen When deciding on any software to use in a datacenter, IT administrators must consider the time it takes to install the software and get it running. XenServer is designed to install and have a virtual machine running in as little as ten minutes—the ten minutes to Xen experience. With XenServer, there is no need to configure a complex management infrastructure or create a dedicated storage network. Simply install XenServer on any x86, 64-bit server that has Intel® VT or AMD V™ technology, install Citrix® XenCenter® on any Microsoft® Windows® desktop, and then start virtualizing workloads immediately. Once XenServer is installed, physical server workloads can be converted to virtual machines and imported into the XenServer environment.
    [Show full text]
  • 15896 Navigating Turbulent Waters V1:Layout 1.Qxd
    15896_Navigating Turbulent Waters_v1:Layout 1 14/06/2010 16:15 Page 1 THE TOP 100 EUROPEAN SOFTWARE INDEX NAVIGATING TURBULENT WATERS Software players continue to ride the waves 15896_Navigating Turbulent Waters_v1:Layout 1 14/06/2010 16:15 Page 2 DESPITE THE ECONOMIC STORM, EUROPEAN SOFTWARE CUTS A DASH THROUGH CHOPPY WATERS The European Software The sector has also performed resiliently headquarters of a significant number of through the recession, with most companies the US owned players. market is larger and more maintaining growth – unlike the battered broader TMT sectors, especially Media, or the At a high level the sector is highly profitable than you might adjacent IT hardware and services sectors. concentrated, with the top 10 players think – the Top 100 accounting for 58% of the revenues of the Our European Top 100 list is dominated by Top 100. The largest companies are familiar companies account for US owned companies – 44 of them names, with Microsoft, IBM, Oracle and SAP accounting for €34bn in sales, almost two dominant from a revenue perspective. over €52bn of revenue thirds of the total. Outside these, there are However, this macro picture masks a and €14bn in operating also a number of large European owned strong set of robust “beyond the top 10” players generating significant revenues – European headquartered companies, profit – an industry Germany has the second most valuable representing over €22bn of revenues. set of Software companies in the Top 100 average of over 25% with 11 German companies accounting for Despite the significant global economic margin approximiately €7bn annual revenue. UK slowdown, the Top 100 saw only a slight and France come next, housing the year-on-year revenue decline of c.0.6%, headquarters of companies representing while overall EBITDA margins actually saw a approximately €3bn of European software slight increase of 1%pt within these revenue each.
    [Show full text]
  • CITRIX SYSTEMS, INC. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE GUIDELINES Set
    CITRIX SYSTEMS, INC. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE GUIDELINES Set forth below are Citrix Systems, Inc.’s corporate governance policies. These guidelines are subject to change from time to time at the direction of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. A. BOARD COMPOSITION 1. Separation of the Positions of Chairperson and CEO The Board’s general policy is that the positions of Chairperson of the Board and Chief Executive Officer should be held by different persons. However, in certain circumstances, the Board may determine that it is in the best interests of the Company for the same person to hold the positions of Chairperson and CEO. In such event, the Board shall appoint an independent member of the Board as the Lead Independent Director. 2. Chairperson of the Board; Lead Independent Director The Board’s general policy is that the position of Chairperson of the Board shall be held by an independent member of the Board. However, in certain circumstances, the Board may determine that it is in the best interests of the Company for the role of Chairperson to be held by a member of the Board that is not independent. In such event, the Board shall appoint an independent member of the Board as the Lead Independent Director. The Chairperson or Lead Independent Director, as the case may be, shall preside at executive sessions of the independent Directors and shall bear such further responsibilities, which the Board as a whole might designate from time to time. 3. Size of the Board The Board periodically reviews the appropriate size of the Board and, in accordance with the Company’s By-laws, may adjust the number of Board Members from time to time.
    [Show full text]