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Standard Abbreviations Journal of CancerJCP Prevention Standard Abbreviations Journal of Cancer Prevention provides a list of standard abbreviations. Standard Abbreviations are defined as those that may be used without explanation (e.g., DNA). Abbreviations not on the Standard Abbreviations list should be spelled out at first mention in both the abstract and the text. Abbreviations should not be used in titles; however, running titles may carry abbreviations for brevity. ▌Abbreviations monophosphate ADP, dADP ‌adenosine diphosphate, deoxyadenosine IR infrared diphosphate ITP, dITP ‌inosine triphosphate, deoxyinosine AMP, dAMP ‌adenosine monophosphate, deoxyadenosine triphosphate monophosphate LOH loss of heterozygosity ANOVA analysis of variance MDR multiple drug resistance AP-1 activator protein-1 MHC major histocompatibility complex ATP, dATP ‌adenosine triphosphate, deoxyadenosine MRI magnetic resonance imaging trip hosphate mRNA messenger RNA bp base pair(s) MTS ‌3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3- CDP, dCDP ‌cytidine diphosphate, deoxycytidine diphosphate carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)- CMP, dCMP ‌cytidine monophosphate, deoxycytidine mono- 2H-tetrazolium phosphate mTOR mammalian target of rapamycin CNBr cyanogen bromide MTT ‌3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- cDNA complementary DNA diphenyltetrazolium bromide CoA coenzyme A NAD, NADH ‌nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, reduced COOH a functional group consisting of a carbonyl and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide a hydroxyl, which has the formula –C(=O)OH, NADP, NADPH ‌nicotinamide adnine dinucleotide phosphate, usually written as COOH reduced nicotinamide adnine dinucleotide COX cyclooxygenase phosphate cRNA ‌complementary RNA; RNA that anneals to NF-κB ‌nuclear factor kappa-light-chain- enhancer of cellular DNA activated B cells CTP, dCTP ‌cytidine triphosphate, deoxycytidine tripho sphate NOS nitric oxide synthase cAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate PARP poly (ADP-ripose) polymerase DHEA dehydroepiandrosterone PBS phosphate-buffered saline DEAE diethylaminoethyl PCR polymerase chain reaction DNA deoxyribonucleic acid PPAR peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor dsDNA double stranded DNA Pi, PPi orthophosphate, pyrophosphate EGF epidermal growth factor rDNA ribosomal DNA ELISA enzyme-linked immu nosorbent assay Rf retardation factor EtOH ethanol RFLP restriction fragment length polymorphism FBS fetal bovine serum RIA radioimmunoassay FISH fluorescence in situ hybridization RPMI Roswell Park Memorial Institute GDP, dGDP ‌guanosine diphosphate, deoxyguanosine rRNA ribosomal RNA diphosphate SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate GMP, dGMP ‌guanosine monophosphate, deoxyguanosine SDS PAGE ‌ sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel monophosphate electrophoresis GTP, dGTP ‌guanosine triphosphate, deoxyguanosine sRNA soluble RNA triphosphate ssDNA single stranded DNA GVHD graft-versus-host disease STAT3 ‌signal transducers and activators of HER2 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 transcription 3 HSP heat shock protein SV40 simian virus 40 IC50 half maximal inhibitory concentration TBS Tris-buffered saline IDP, dIDP inosine diphosphate, deoxyinosine diphosphate TEAE triethylaminoethyl IFN interferon TGF transforming growth factor IMP, dIMP ‌inosine monophosphate, deoxyinosine TNF tumor necrosis factor VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor ethanesulfonic acid UV ultraviolet HEPPS ‌3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl] w/v weight per volume propane-1-sulfonic acid w/w weight for weight MES ‌2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid or ▌Buffers 2-morpholin-4-ylethanesulfonic acid Aces or ACES ‌N-(2-acetamido)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid MOPS ‌3-morpholinopropane-1-sulfonic acid or Ada or ADA N-(2-acetamido)iminodiacetic acid 4-morpholinepropanesulfonic acid Bes or BES ‌N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic PIPES ‌piperazine-N,N'-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid) or acid 1,4-piperazinediethanesulfonic acid Bicine N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine TAPS ‌‌3-{[1,3-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl) Bis-tris or BIS-TRIS ‌2-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-2- propan-2-yl]amino}propane-1-sulfonic (hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol or bis acid or N-tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-3- (2-hydroxyethyl)amino-tris(hydroxymethyl) aminopropanesulfonic acid methane TEMED N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine CAPS N-cyclohexyl-3-aminopropanesulfonic acid TES ‌2-{[1,3-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl) CDTA cyclohexylenedinitrilotetraacetate propan-2-yl]amino}ethanesulfonic acid Chaps or CHAPS ‌3-[(3-cholamidopropyl) dimethylammonio]-1- or N-tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-2- propanesulfonate aminoethanesulfonic acid CHAPSO ‌3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-2- Tricine ‌N-[2-hydroxy-1,1-bis(hydroxymethyl)ethyl] hydroxy-1-propanesulfonate glycine or N-[tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl] Ches or CHES N-cyclohexyl-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid glycine EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid Tris ‌N-tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane or EGTA ethyleneglycoltetracetic acid 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol HEPES ‌‌2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl] Measurements and Units of Measure ▌Combining Prefixes cycle/s cycles per second T tera- (1012) Da dalton(s) G giga- (109) d day(s) M mega- (106) dL deciliter k kilo- (103) oC degree(s) Celsius h hecto- (102) d density da deca- (101) dpm disintegrations per minute d deci- (10–1) dps disintegrations per second c centi- (10–2) eV electron volt(s) m milli- (10–3) Eq equivalent(s) m micro- (10–6) oF degree(s) Fahrenheit n nano- (10–9) F farad p pico- (10–12) ft foot f femto- (10–15) G gauss a atto- (10–18) g gravity t1/2 half-life ▌Units H henry(ies) A ampere(s) Hz hertz Å angstrom(s) h hour(s) cal calorie(s) in inch(es) CFU colony-forming unit(s) IU international unit(s) C coulomb(s) J joule(s) cpm counts per minute K kelvin cps counts per second kcal kilocalorie(s) cm3 cubic centimeter(s) (not cc) kDa kilodalton(s) Ci Curie(s) kg kilogram(s) cycle/min cycles per minute L liter(s) × magnification s second(s) m meter(s) U unit(s) mg microgram(s) V volts(s) mL microliter(s) W watt(s) mm micrometers (do not use microns) wk week(s) ms microsecond(s) yr year(s) mL milliliter(s) mmHg millimeter(s) of mercury ▌Statistical Terms min minute(s) ANOVA analysis of variance mo month(s) CI confidence interval mol/L molar r correlation coefficient mol mole(s) df degrees of freedom ms millisecond(s) x mean Ω ohm(s) NS not significant osm osmole(s) n number of observations oz ounces(s) OR odds ratio Pa pascal(s) P probability lb pound(s) SD standard deviation psi pound-force per square inch SE standard error rpm revolutions per minute SEM standard error of the mean rps revolutions per second F variance ratio General Information Drug names. Please use generic names wherever possible. If a or other products is cited in the manuscript, the manufacturer’s trade name was used in the study being reported, please write it in full name, city/town, state, and country should be given in the parentheses, along with the manufacturer’s name and location. parenthesis immediately after the citation. If other equipments or Chemical names. Chemical names should be spelled and styled products from the same manufacturer are cited later in the paper, according to the Merck Index, 10th edition. the manu-facturer’s name only should be given in the parenthesis. Manufacturers. When the use of specific scientific equipment .
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