N O T I C E I N T H I S I S S U E

This will be the last issue of the Some donors get more bang for University Times for the fall term. their buck by practicing “catalytic” philanthropy...... 7 Publication will resume on Jan. 6. The deadline for calendar events for Long-term staff will be honored today at a reception in that issue is Dec. 23. Alumni Hall. See who marked U N I V E R S I T Y employment anniversaries in TIMES 2010...... 9-11 VOLUME 43 • NUMBER 8 DECEMBER 9, 2010 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH 2-year pay freeze ends for Pitt senior officers rustees this week increased the norms of the academic culture, the compensation of the metrics of the marketplace TChancellor Mark A. Nor- and financial circumstances that denberg and five other senior may exist at any particular time. officers for fiscal year 2011, ending ... The officers of the University a two-year salary freeze for the have continued to perform at very senior administrators. high levels, helping the University In a two-step process, the to meet a number of daunting Board of Trustees compensation challenges while maintaining its committee first awarded each enviable record of progress.” officer the 2.5 percent salary pool Tritch noted that salaries were maintenance component of the frozen for all employees, including 2009 fiscal year compensation senior officers, in fiscal year 2010. budget increase. While staff and He said the salary percentage Mary Jane Bent/CIDDE faculty received an increase that increases for the officers are in Holiday open house year, senior officers voluntarily line with the current fiscal year’s Dancers showed off native costumes in the Cathedral Commons Room Dec. 5 during the holiday agreed to frozen salaries, noted salary pool, which was 3 percent season’s Nationality Rooms open house event. Members of the 27 Nationality Rooms committees annually decorate their rooms in traditional committee chair Stephen R. (2 percent to be distributed for holiday adornment, displaying holiday customs from around the world, while tour guides adapt Tritch. (See University Times Dec. salary maintenance of employees their daily presentations to include descriptions of the many holiday traditions. Tickets for tours can be purchased at the Gift Shop on the first floor of the Cathedral of Learn- 4, 2008.) whose work performance during ing. That move effectively created FY10 was rated at least satisfactory The rooms will remain decorated until Jan. 14. For more information on tour times and tickets, a new fiscal year 2010 base salary and 1 percent for merit, market visit www.pitt.edu/~natrooms or call 412/624-6000. for each of the officers. According and equity adjustments). to the resolution passed by trustees Tritch said, “Average salary at a conference call meeting Dec. increases already awarded have State bond delay could affect Pitt projects 6, “This adjustment will result in exceeded the size of the salary tug of war over how much In light of tight state finances by Rendell last month, would no retroactive payments for fiscal increase pool, with an average to borrow to fund state that include projected general partially fund a $4.8 billion list year 2009 or fiscal year 2010 but faculty salary increase of 4.4 per- Acapital budget projects is fund deficits, treasurer Rob of public improvement proj- will increase each officer’s base for cent.” He further noted that as has continuing in Harrisburg. Three McCord is seeking input from ects, including three currently future salary increases.” been Nordenberg’s practice, “the Pitt projects are among those incoming governor Tom Corbett underway at Pitt, in addition to The trustees then approved chancellor has requested that any being paid for from the accounts before signing off on the deal. economic development and other raises on the new base salaries salary increase awarded to him be that, absent additional funding, McCord also is taking a close look projects across Pennsylvania. ranging from 3.2 percent to 4.9 the lowest percentage increase will start to run dry early next year. at the amount and the timing of the Pitt projects that are being percent. (See chart on page 3.) within the officer group and not Gov. Edward G. Rendell has proposed bond issue, a spokesper- reimbursed from the funds are Nordenberg’s salary for FY11 markedly exceed the general salary proposed a $1 billion bond issue son from his office said. Although Chevron Science Center, bud- was increased 3.2 percent on his increase pool.” that he wants to see approved discussions were continuing, as of geted for $25 million in state adjusted fiscal year 2010 base Pending further study, the before a federal interest subsidy press time Wednesday no agree- public improvement account salary, to $486,500. trustees committee also tabled program expires at the end of ment had been reached. capital funds; Benedum Hall, At Nordenberg’s recommen- the retention incentive program, December. However, the audi- The governor’s office argues budgeted for $69 million in state dation, officers’ adjusted FY10 which since 2002 has provided tor general and state treasurer that borrowing the money before funds, and Salk Hall, budgeted for salaries were increased as follows: bonuses to certain officers who are balking at signing off on the the end of the year would save $162 $50 million in state funds. For such • Jerome Cochran, executive remain in their jobs through a amount, which they say is unprec- million in interest; the treasurer’s projects, the University pays the vice chancellor, 3.7 percent to designated timeframe. edented for a bond that would be office is questioning the need bills then submits them to the state $412,500; Under the initial five-year plan, issued during a transition to a new for $1 billion now. That amount for reimbursement, said Joseph • B. Jean Ferketish, secretary to designed to encourage four mem- administration. would fund the capital accounts Fink, associate vice chancellor for the Board of Trustees and assistant bers of Pitt’s senior leadership According to the treasurer’s through June or July, according Facilities Management. chancellor, 4 percent to $202,500; team to remain at the University, office, during the past four changes to the governor’s office. A delay in issuing bonds to fund • Arthur S. Levine, senior vice trustees awarded Nordenberg in administration, bond issues that A $1 billion bond issue would these projects could impact cash chancellor for Health Sciences and $75,000 a year through June 30, took place within two months of raise debt service payments by flow on the projects by delaying dean of the School of Medicine, 2007, if he remained in his position the transition ranged from $208 $82 million a year through 2030. reimbursements, something Fink 3.5 percent to $745,000; through that date. Then-Provost million to $500 million, averaging q believes would be unprecedented. • Amy K. Marsh, treasurer, 3.7 James V. Maher, Cochran and $299 million. The borrowing, approved CONTINUED ON PAGE 8 percent to $340,000, and Ramicone each were awarded • Arthur G. Ramicone, vice bonuses of $50,000 per year under chancellor for Budget and Con- the same conditions. troller, 4.9 percent to $285,000. In December 2006, the com- Wannstedt out as coach Raises are retroactive to July 1, pensation committee voted to ead football coach Dave Wannstedt resigned this week after the beginning of fiscal year 2011. extend the retention pay plan on six seasons. Wannstedt compiled a 42-31 record that included (The FY11 salary of Pro- an annual basis. three postseason bowl berths. The Panthers are scheduled to vost Patricia E. Beeson, whose As explanation for the trustees’ Joe Kapelewski/CIDDE H play in the Jan. 8 BBVA Compass Bowl. appointment was effective Aug. current action, Tritch said, “In the Following last season’s 10-3 record, Wannstedt signed a contract 15, already had been set by the most recent study undertaken by extension to coach through 2014. This year the team was picked by Big trustees at $325,000.) the [committee’s compensation] East coaches to win the conference title outright but settled for a share Tritch, who also chairs the consultant, total compensation, of the title with a 5-2 record, 7-5 overall. The team also suffered some Board of Trustees, said, “One including annual retention incen- off-field problems, with four players arrested since the end of last season. important dimension of the tive payments, ranged from 14 Wannstedt will remain at Pitt as special assistant to athletics director board’s oversight and support percent to 28 percent below the Steve Pederson, who said a national search for a successor will begin responsibilities ... is to ensure that benchmark for the three officers immediately. the officers of the University are now participating in the program, —Peter Hart n fairly compensated — mindful of CONTINUED ON PAGE 3

1 U N I V E R S I T Y TIMES

L E T T E R S Immoral use of newsprint Shopping To the editor: not have electronic access at home. It is with surprise that I read According to a recent survey con- for a cause in the Nov. 11 issue that Pitt has ducted by the U.S. Census Bureau, Shoppers peruse received a “B-” in their green 30 percent of U.S. households items at the Gradu- report card — surprise that it have no Internet access whatso- ate School of Public Health’s annual is so high when “D-” or “F” is ever. The hard-copy version of winter sale to better warranted! And why is that? the University Times means that benefit the Evelyn Because the University continues all University employees, with H. Wei Scholarship Award in Epidemi- to publish both an on-line edition or without Internet access, have ology. The Dec. 3 of this instrument and a tree- access to the University Times. event in the GSPH community com- killing-print edition!! At least While the print edition con- mons area featured Teaching Times had the decency tinues, the University Times has jewelry, photogra- to go all digital and stop the mas- taken a number of steps to make phy, artwork and other items made by sacre on our planet! When will the it as environmentally friendly as epidemiology University learn the same lesson possible: faculty and staff. with both the Times and the Pitt • Several years ago we estab- Last year’s sales raised more than Chronicle? Shame on you! End lished UTDirect, our electronic $9,700 for the the criminal and immoral use of headline service, to inform sub- scholarship fund established in newsprint! scribers when the most recent memory of Wei, a Martin Rice issue of the paper is available Pitt researcher who Associate Professor online. earned her PhD in psychiatric epidemi- Philosophy • We monitor the returns of ology at GSPH. Wei Johnstown Campus each issue at every drop-off point, was struck and killed [email protected] reducing the numbers of paper by a vehicle in 2004 while walking near copies where returns indicate that her Regent Square N.J. Brown, editor of the Uni- we can do so. Since we instituted home. versity Times, replies: UTDirect, we have been able to More than $40,000 The University Times staff is reduce our press run by 26 percent. has been raised for committed to serving the needs of • All leftover copies are picked the scholarship fund since December all Pitt staff and faculty in as envi- up and recycled. 2004. ronmentally friendly a manner as • Paid advertising in the hard- possible. copy version of the paper funds all Not every employee on Pitt’s printing costs as well as some other Kimberly K. Barlow five campuses has ready electronic operational costs not covered by access at work — and some may the University. n Donations sought Donations of new hat-and- glove sets are being sought for distribution at the annual Christmas Day at Pitt dinner. Donations to Family House also are being sought. Items on the Family House TALK ABOUT IT: Give depression a voice “wish list” include: board This fall, students, faculty and some people, simply having the His early research revealed that student or colleague who may games and puzzles; statio- staff called attention to Pitt’s third right support system and coping almost all of the young people who need help. Saying things like, “I nery/stamps; gift certificates; annual depression awareness cam- mechanisms are all that are killed themselves told somebody am concerned about you,” and/or personal hygiene products paign by wearing black T-shirts needed; for others, more involved about their plans, so getting people “Maybe you are bearing a burden, (lotions, shampoos, Kleenex); that said “Talk About It” in bright medical treatment is necessary. to talk is extremely important. or suffering, and somebody could new books; tote bags, and green letters. Getting help is an appropriate There are many common indi- help,” and asking “Would you be umbrellas. Because this issue is so impor- response, not an indication of cators of depression that faculty willing to see an expert?” can be The deadline for donating tant, the Talk About It committee weakness or failure. or staff could detect, including more effective than bluntly stat- hat-and-glove sets is Dec. 13; is expanding its campaign to a In addition to wearing the students who miss classes regularly ing: “I think you should call the the deadline for Family House year-round effort with a guest highly visible T-shirts this fall, or sleep in class; become irritable counseling center.” If a person donations is Dec. 15. Dona- speaker and other special events members of Pitt’s depression or anxious too easily; have poor still expresses reluctance, asking tions for both Staff Association during the spring semester. awareness committee, comprised hygiene; express hopelessness, “What is preventing you from Council projects should go to The goal of the campaign is to of faculty, staff and student lead- worthlessness or thoughts of dying seeking help?” could identify Gwen Watkins, 710 Alumni help people recognize symptoms ers from the Division of Student or killing themselves in papers or barriers and help them overcome Hall. For more information, of depression and seek assistance Affairs, as well as community verbally. If multiple symptoms their reluctance. Saying “I would contact Watkins at 4-7702. n if they, or someone they know, partners at LEAD Pittsburgh exist, and persist over an extended appreciate it if you would go” suffer from this relatively common (Leading Education and Aware- period of time, there’s a strong and offering to go with them, or condition. ness for Depression), distributed likelihood of depression. call with them, also could make a As the director of the Uni- information cards to encourage What if a faculty or staff difference. versity Counseling Center, I people to use the resources avail- member notices these types of Anxiety is the No. 1 issue we have been gratified to see so able, including the University behaviors? First, they can consult see in college students, and anxiety many people working together Counseling Center. The commit- with our staff professionals at the can lead to depression. However, U N I V E R S I T Y to educate others who may not tee recently showed the Academy Counseling Center, explain what it is important for people not only even know they have a serious Award-winning movie “American they have observed, and we will to understand the symptoms of TIMES problem. Depression is often Beauty,” in which a middle-class help them determine steps that anxiety and depression, but also EDITOR a hidden condition that goes man’s depression leads to a mid- should be taken. They also could to know what types of activities N. J. Brown 412/624-1373 untreated, sometimes because life crisis and many poor decisions. talk directly with the individual can help prevent these conditions [email protected] of the social stigma that can be The film was followed by a discus- they are concerned about and from escalating. We want to pro- WRITERS attached to a mental illness. Left sion about depression. encourage them to contact our mote positive mental health and unchecked, depression can have a The group also recently hosted office. We’ve had faculty mem- help individuals manage stress so Kimberly K. Barlow 412/624-1379 [email protected] very negative effect on a person’s David Brent, professor of psychia- bers call us while the student was that it doesn’t become a problem. relationships, academic or job try, pediatrics and epidemiology in their office, and that is a great That’s why we created the Stress Peter Hart 412/624-1374 performance and daily living. at Pitt. He directs the Advanced way to ensure that the student Free Zone in the lower level of [email protected] Depression can be consuming and Center for Intervention and Ser- gets help. the William Pitt Union, where BUSINESS MANAGER debilitating and, in extreme cases, vices Research for Early Onset If students are unwilling to call students can engage in a variety Barbara DelRaso 412/624-4644 can lead to suicide. Mood and Anxiety Disorders and us, they can call the re:solve Crisis of activities to “de-stress.” [email protected] Depression is one of the top a suicide prevention/intervention Network (1/888-796-8226). Or We need faculty, staff and stu- Events Calendar: [email protected] concerns among students nation- program. He shared some of they can simply walk in to our dents to help us expand the cam- The University Times is published bi-weekly on Thursdays by the University of Pittsburgh. wide. Conservative estimates his research findings, compiled office, or the re:solve office, 333 paign by wearing the Give Depres- Send correspondence to University Times, are that one in four people are during more than 25 years of North Braddock Ave., Point sion a Voice T-shirts or wristbands 308 Bellefield Hall, University of Pittsburgh, directly impacted by some form of extensive work with families and Breeze. and distributing information. If Pittsburgh, PA 15260; fax to 412/624-4579 depression during their lifetime, friends of people who attempted or Because some faculty members you want to get involved, contact or email: [email protected]. and most people know somebody completed suicide. He explained have contacted our office about Shawn Brooks, associate dean of Subscriptions are available at a cost of $25 for the publishing year, which runs from Septem- who suffers from this biological how to recognize symptoms of students, we have been able to students, 648-1200 or sbrooks@ ber through July. Make checks payable to the condition that oftentimes gets depression and potential suicide, intervene and provide assistance pitt.edu. n University of Pittsburgh. triggered by life pressures, such and what students, faculty and on numerous occasions. James Cox is director of the Uni- The newspaper is available electronically at: as the demands of college. staff might be able to do to help I agree with Brent’s advice versity Counseling Center. He can be www.utimes.pitt.edu. Depression is treatable. For people get the support they need. about being empathetic with a reached at [email protected].

2 DECEMBER 9, 2010

higher education by: • Requiring institutions of PA okays textbook affordability requirements higher education to establish sexual violence education pro- tate lawmakers have sities, also has not been finalized. consider the least costly practices from publishers. “We provide all grams for students. approved new textbook Among the committee’s duties in assigning course materials, to relevant information for students • Allowing institutions of Saffordability requirements will be making recommendations consider using the course materi- to be able to research the texts and higher education the option of as part of changes to Pennsylva- on textbook affordability and als for a longer period (providing compare pricing. We provide this developing programs that would nia’s public school code. accessibility. The committee must they are not outdated), to work on our own web site as well.” enable adults 60 and older to en- Act 104, which became law meet within 60 days then report with bookstores to ensure students Fyock said the Book Center roll in courses tuition-free. Nov. 22, also establishes a col- its findings and recommendations have timely pricing information, has “for years” provided the two Supowitz said existing Pitt lege textbook policies advisory to the education department, the and to promote book buy-back non-Pitt Oakland textbook sellers programs exceed the requirements committee within the state Board governor’s office and House and programs and encourage partici- with the information necessary to outlined in the legislation. of Education. Members of the Senate education committees pation in college textbook rental order all required texts, although q unpaid standing committee are within 18 months. The commit- programs. the Book Center is the only store Legislators approved the bill to include university faculty and tee is to convene at least quarterly The act requires institutions that carries all the required texts. in an override of Gov. Edward students, representatives of the and must update its report every to make available textbook lists “We currently offer eBooks G. Rendell’s veto. The governor education department, the state three years. and pricing information at reg- from two sources, we offer a rental vetoed the bill in October, citing board of education and the House Act 104 requires that by 2020 istration, online or by written program and we offered — and will concerns about provisions unre- and Senate education committees, textbook publishers “shall, to the request and to make available to continue to offer — guaranteed lated to higher education. as well as appointees representing extent practicable, make the col- bookstores course schedules for buy-back for approximately 18 In an Oct. 22 statement, the bookstores and textbook publish- lege textbooks available, in whole the term as well as the number of classes last fall,” she said. “We are governor’s office labeled uncon- ers. One member also must have or in part, for sale in an electronic students enrolled and the maxi- dedicated to procuring used books stitutional the bill’s provision to a background in information format when commercially rea- mum enrollment for each course. for students — beginning with our give property tax exemptions to technology/electronic media. sonable.” Universities may establish a own year-round buy-back.” Fyock nonprofit organizations that rent The committee will include a Effective immediately, the act textbook rental program (Pitt said the bookstore has worked with space to charter schools. faculty member from each of the requires publishers to disclose began offering one prior to the the Pitt Pathfinders and a student “I support many of the initia- state-related institutions, to be pricing information to faculty, start of the fall term), but the law advisory committee to inform tives included in this legislation, recommended by the institutions’ provide the copyright dates of the forbids institutions from requir- parents and students about the so withholding my signature is chancellors. Paul A. Supowitz, three previous editions (if any) ing that students participate in methods available for text content not easy for me,” Rendell stated. vice chancellor for Governmental and indicate the content revisions such programs. Pitt’s bookstores delivery, for procuring texts and “But this bill does not meet the Relations, said a Pitt appointee has made from the earlier edition. are on top of the legislation, said for making the most of buy-back threshold of constitutionality or yet to be selected. Publishers also must offer Debra Fyock, interim director programs. “We will continue basic fairness.” In addition, one student must textbooks “unbundled” and priced of the Book Centers. Students to look at all available options q sit on the subcommittee to repre- separately from supplemental who register through PeopleSoft for students, including content The full text of the legislation sent the state-related universities. materials, except when supple- can see the books required for delivery methods and cost-saving can be viewed by entering HB 101 Supowitz said that choice, to be mental materials are an integral classes as soon as the book center strategies,” Fyock said. in the “find legislation” section at made in collaboration with Penn part of the bundle. receives faculty members’ orders q www.legis.state.pa.us. State, Temple and Lincoln univer- The act requires faculty to and confirms price information Other aspects of the bill impact —Kimberly K. Barlow n Senior administrators get pay hike after 2-year freeze CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1 which is consistent with media committee’s decisions regarding accounts of compensation levels administrators’ pay increases. The following salary increases for senior officers were approved Dec. 6 by the Board of Trustees at other universities.” “I base this opinion on the compensation committee: He continued, “When a new fact that the senior administrators provost was appointed, the com- experienced a salary freeze for the Restoration Salary mittee decided to focus on a past two years. Furthermore, con- of FY09 percentage competitive base salary rather than sidering the size of the institution salary FY10 increase extending the retention incentive and the breadth of responsibilities FY08 maintenance adjusted on adjusted FY11 program to a new participant. Any and success the leadership has salary increase base salary FY10 base salary modifications to the retention enjoyed over the past two difficult incentive program must be crafted years, these raises are appropri- so that the total compensation ate,” Pinsky said. Mark A. Nordenberg: $460,000 2.5% $471,500 3.2% $486,500 packages of the three officers “The only issue I would take who continue to participate in with the [compensation commit- Jerome Cochran: $388,000 2.5% $397,700 3.7% $412,500 it, which already are below their tee’s] report is [their choice of benchmark, are not further dimin- comparable] institutions, which, B. Jean Ferketish: $190,000 2.5% $194,750 4% $202,500 ished. However, it is not clear I believe, also includes private that maintaining the retention universities, whose pay scales are Arthur S. Levine: $702,000 2.5% $719,550 3.5% $745,000 incentive program continues to not commensurate with public be the most appropriate structure universities. Thus, I would hope Amy K. Marsh: $320,000 2.5% $328,000 3.7% $340,000 for delivering compensation to that the board continues to give these officers.” the senior administration salary Arthur G. Ramicone: $265,000 2.5% $271,625 4.9% $285,000 The compensation committee raises annually, but at the same then authorized Tritch, working level as that given to the University they deserve to be compensated reveal the universities included and staff, yet they do not receive with the committee’s consultant, faculty for the same years.” appropriately for their efforts in the consultant’s study, because similar compensation increases, to explore modifications and Staff Association Council within the context of the annual it does not agree with public especially when the dollar amounts make appropriate changes to the President Gwen Watkins said, salary pool increases for employ- information in The Chronicle of are examined,” Baker said. “Four program. “Recognizing the significant ees for the previous two and cur- Higher Education unless based percent at $300,000 per year is In addition to salary, Pitt senior challenges that the officers of the rent fiscal years, which were 4 upon selected universities, espe- $12,000, plus a $50,000 bonus on officers receive executive benefits University have led the University percent, 0 percent and 3 percent. cially private ones,” he said. top of it. Four percent at $60,000 that include: an automobile for through and considering that they “The raises that our senior Baker noted that for many per year is $2,400, plus a $0 personal and business use by the have not received a salary increase administrators were awarded years faculty salaries at Pitt have bonus. If the trustees want Pitt to chancellor and by other officers for the past two fiscal years, the for FY11 (3.2-4.9 percent), plus been compared specifically to remain competitive with its peers, as determined by the chancellor; adjustment of their base salary another 2.5 percent for each in public members of the Association they should be concerned about personal liability insurance cover- level by restoring the salary main- back compensation for FY09, of American Universities, not the keeping faculty and staff salaries age of $5 million; group term life tenance component of the FY09 are appropriate when taken by entire AAU membership. competitive with peers, not just insurance and accidental death salary pool is an appropriate and themselves. He continued, “If we are going senior officers’.” and dismemberment insurance equitable action by the Board of “However, it should not be for- to use private universities in our q policies, each in the amount of Trustees.” gotten that these raises are given peer group for senior officers, Trustees also approved title $50,000, plus three times the She continued, “In addition, with additional annual bonus we also need to be using private changes for two senior officers. salary rounded up to the next the salary increase percentage payments of $50,000-$75,000 universities in our peer group for Ramicone’s title now is chief higher thousand; up to $5,000 per approved for each officer for fiscal per year — amounting to another faculty and staff. Most faculty and financial officer; Marsh’s title year for health care expenses not year 2011 is fair and reasonable. 7-19 percent per year depending staff who perform satisfactorily or is chief investment officer and covered by basic insurance; up to With the long-term success of the upon the officer — which is more better do not receive the average treasurer. $5,000 per year for tax preparation University as our No. 1 goal, it is than many staff and faculty make 5.2 percent (2009) or 4.4 percent According to Tritch, the moves and financial planning services, important that University leaders annually,” Baker said. (2011) pay raises,” cited by the were needed for clarity, because and initiation fees and monthly are appropriately compensated “The justification for these trustees. “In fact, the raises of most the former titles “failed to convey dues for selected clubs. when compared to our peer bonuses is that our senior officers faculty in most years do not exceed a sufficiently clear sense of the q institutions.” are underpaid by 14-28 percent the pool increase,” he added. responsibilities discharged by each Commenting on the trust- John Baker, chair of the Senate relative to their peers. This assess- “This is not meant as a criti- officer.” No responsibilities for ees’ actions, University Senate budget policies committee, said ment comes from non-public cism of our senior officers. They the two positions will change as a President Michael R. Pinsky said that given the high-quality job information provided by a private do indeed perform their jobs well. result of the new titles, he added. he supported the compensation performance of the senior officers, consultant. The trustees should The point is: So do most faculty —Peter Hart n

3 U N I V E R S I T Y TIMES

4 DECEMBER 9, 2010

s many as half of the rian, which are effective for some. humans. Rhythms are just a fact to the environment. “In normal several thousand adults between adults in the United The psychological-behav- of life,” Buysse said. circumstances, you don’t find part ages 18 and 60 determined that a AStates suffer an occa- ioral treatments include “sleep The first time such rhythms of the population sleeping from majority of people averaged seven sional bout of insomnia, and for hygiene,” that is, practicing habits were observed was in plants, he 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. and part of the hours of sleep a night. By and 5-10 percent of Americans it is a that help sleep, such as relaxation said, during an experiment involv- population sleeping from 3 p.m. large, women sleep a little longer serious chronic problem. exercises that calm the mind or ing a plant that flowered regularly to 10 p.m. Almost everybody, all on average than men. “Insomnia is defined as dif- reading to increase drowsiness. at dawn and dusk. “The plant things being equal, will sleep at “Obviously, people can choose ficulty with falling or staying To treat insomnia, Buysse said, was put it in a darkened environ- night and be awake by day, because to sleep less time. But beyond cer- asleep,” said Daniel Buysse, pro- sufferers actually should reduce ment and still flowered, meaning people are synchronized by light. tain limits, you can’t really chose to fessor of psychiatry and clinical their time in bed; try to get up that there had to be some sort of Of the various time cues, light is sleep longer. You can give yourself and translational science at the at the same time every day of the internal rhythm,” Buysse said. the strongest one. In other words, the opportunity, but normally, you School of Medicine. It’s the most week no matter how much sleep “For humans, in some basic way, your body is very sensitive not only can’t sleep 20 hours a day. You just common sleep disorder and “it’s they got the night before; only go we think that circadian rhythms to the fact of light, but to when can’t do it,” Buysse said. more common in women than to bed when they are sleepy, and help us to match our rest-activity that light occurs.” Sleeping 7-8 hours a night men and [incidents] tend to not stay in bed unless they fall patterns and our functioning in Science has shown that circa- also translates into the healthiest increase with age.” asleep quickly. the light-dark cycle. This is kind dian rhythms for humans are not amount. Buysse spoke last month on “Make the bedroom only for of reverse reasoning on evolution, precisely 24 hours long. “They’re “People who average 7-8 hours “Getting Better Sleep: What sleep. If you’re in bed and can’t fall but if you think about it, human actually about 6 minutes longer of sleep in general had lower body You Need to Know,” part of the asleep, get up and do something beings are very visually driven, than 24 hours. So every day we mass than those with 6 hours community-based health and until you get sleepy,” Buysse rec- so it’s a happy circumstance that have to reset our internal clocks a as well as those with 9 hours,” wellness lecture series hosted by Buysse said. Carnegie Library. Instances of metabolic syn- “Insomnia, however, does not drome — a set of cardiovascular equal sleep deprivation,” said risk factors — also are shown to Buysse, who also is director of the be higher for those at the high and Clinical Neuroscience Research low ends of average sleep amount, Center and medical director of the he added. sleep evaluation center at Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic. Perchance to dream The difference, he said, is that with How to “In a normal person, most of insomnia there is adequate oppor- our deepest sleep occurs in the first tunity to sleep, but reduced ability half of the night. After that, dream to sleep or poor quality sleep; with sleep, or rapid eye movement sleep deprivation, whether done improve sleep, alternates with deep sleep by choice or due to shift work or about every 90 to 120 minutes,” other time commitments, there is Buysse said. reduced opportunity to sleep but “Also, it’s normal for a person adequate sleeping ability. your to wake up multiple times per The ramifications of both night. Even when you think you’ve insomnia and sleep deprivation slept through the whole night, it’s include impaired concentration, likely that the periods of waking up performance and learning func- were so brief you don’t remember tions; daytime fatigue; irritability; them the next morning. Very few mood changes; changes in blood people actually do sleep through pressure and glucose control and, the night,” so, if a person is aware potentially, long-term health of waking up multiple times, that effects, such as obesity, diabetes, SLEEP is not a problem, as long as the depression and shortened life person is able to go back to sleep expectancy. All of these outcomes ommended. we’re most active and alert when little bit earlier, constantly pushing quickly, he said. are documented by scientific stud- He said that scientists believe we can make most use of our vision forward a little bit. If you think “Also, when you wake up from ies, Buysse said. insomnia results when the brain is during daylight hours,” he said. about weekends, people tend to dream sleep, you’re much more In addition, there are potential in a state of hyper-arousal, which “If you were a rat and got stay up later, then Monday morn- likely to remember your dreams,” physical dangers, he said. “Some could be due to taking medica- around primarily by your whis- ing comes and — uh, oh — you Buysse said. While there is no data suggest that as many as tions, to excess worry or anxiety kers, then dark would be your best have to get up earlier, and that’s the definitive proof, many scientists one in seven single-vehicle car or to medical conditions, such as time,” he added. time that lack of sleep can affect believe that dreaming is a way for crashes involve a driver who fell depression. “But somehow these adapta- you,” Buysse said. a person to consolidate memories asleep. Like many other things, “The brain controls sleep tions help match the organisms That fact helps explain why or emotions, he said. “If people are car crashes are not randomly dis- based on two major factors: how to their light-dark environment, people typically find it easier going through a crisis or stressful tributed between day and night. long you’ve been awake and your and to do that, we need a way of adjusting when they fly westward situations, the mind is trying to The peak number of single-vehicle biological clock,” Buysse said. ‘predicting’ internally when it’s than eastward, “because our clocks process that,” he said. “People crashes are between 4 a.m. and 8 “The brain responds to how going to be a light or dark cycle.” can easily deal with the delay, but with post-traumatic stress disor- a.m. — not the time most cars long you’ve been awake. It’s like Scientists now have dem- not as easily with an advancing der have very disturbed sleep that are on the road, but it is the time a rubber band: The longer you’re onstrated that human circadian or shortening schedule since our often includes nightmares.” when people are sleepy.” awake, the more the rubber band rhythms are based in the genes. internal clocks run a little bit Other notable accidents, such stretches, tighter and tighter, until “There are about a dozen genes longer than 24 hours,” he said. Other sleep disorders as the Chernobyl nuclear accident eventually there comes a point operating in every cell in your “Your biological rhythms in the In addition to insomnia, less- and the Exxon Valdez accident, that sleep becomes involuntary body that have rhythmic dis- natural world don’t reset immedi- common sleep disorders include have been linked to overly tired behavior,” he said. charges typically higher during the ately, which explains jet lag. The sleep-related breathing disorder personnel, he added. The unofficial world record for daylight hours and lower at night, biological clock takes a few days to (sleep apnea); hypersomnia, that But the good news is there are staying awake is 11 days, “done by so even down to the cellular level recover. The most human beings is, conditions that cause severe medications and psychological- a high school student with a lot we have these rhythmic functions can adapt is about an hour a day. daytime sleepiness, including behavioral treatment strategies to of help,” Buysse said. “At the end that key us to the light-dark cycle,” So, if you go to California, it will narcolepsy; circadian rhythm combat insomnia, he said. you couldn’t really tell whether he Buysse explained. take a few days to reset; if you go disorders, which are sleep dis- According to Buysse, those was asleep on his feet. But that’s About 99 percent of the brain to Europe it will take close to a turbances caused by conflicts medications include: really extreme; it’s very difficult for is more active when a person is week,” Buysse said. with the biological clock (such as • So-called sleeping pills, people to extend the time they’re awake. “But there are very few “If you stay up all night and shift-work commitments); para- such as Ambien, Lunesta and awake.” small places in the brain that are into the next day, the biologi- somnias, that is, unusual behaviors temazepam, all of which are FDA- Regarding the biological more active when we’re asleep, cal clock will offset that within during sleep, such as sleep walking approved and have been deemed clock, Buysse said, “Our planet and their activity is to switch off limits, which explains the sense of or nightmares, and sleep-related safe and effective, although there has a night environment and a all the arousal centers,” he said. a ‘second wind,’” he said, adding movement disorders, such as is some question about whether day environment. People and that that sensation is artificial and periodic leg movements, restless they are safe for long-term use; other animals and even plants Properties of circadian rhythms temporary. leg syndrome or body-rocking. • Sedating antidepressants, have to adapt to the fact of an “We know that circadian Various treatments, as well as such as trazodone and doxepin, environment characterized by rhythms follow the light-dark How much sleep is normal? research studies and clinical trials, which are effective for many the 24-hour light-dark cycle, or cycle, but they are not caused “There are, of course, pro- are available at Pitt and UPMC people with insomnia, but may circadian rhythm.” by the light-dark cycle, they are found differences due to age. An for those with these conditions, have serious side effects for some; The term circadian derives endogenous, that is, internal to infant can sleep many more hours Buysse said. He recommended • Melatonin and melatonin- from the Latin circa (approxi- the organism,” Buysse said. “You than an adult. As we get older, first contacting the UPMC Sleep like drugs, such as Rozerem, and mately) and diem (day) — that is, can eliminate light-dark cues — we get lighter, more fragmented, Medicine Center. Those with • Antihistamines, such as they are rhythms that are about a for example, what happens above shorter hours of sleep,” but that insomnia, circadian rhythm disor- Benadryl, Uni-Som and Tylenol day in length. the Arctic circle — and people can be made up with napping, ders and parasomnias should call PM, which are over-the-counter “Why do people have circa- will continue to have 24-hour Buysse said. 412/246-6413; those with sleep and inexpensive, although they dian rhythms? That’s not easy to rhythms, because of the endog- (As an aside, Buysse said some apnea and other sleep disorders have not been demonstrated in answer. But we do know that for enous, internal aspect of our people are natural nappers, while should call 412/648-6161. The clinical trials to be effective against better or worse circadian rhythms physiology.” others are not; both habits are seen web address for the center is insomnia, and are a basic fundamental property At the same time, he said, these as normal.) sleepmedicinecenter.upmc.com. • Natural agents, such as vale- of living organisms from plants to rhythms can be synchronized A self-reporting survey of —Peter Hart n

5 U N I V E R S I T Y TIMES

noted sociologist Max Weber. “Just try to change them! The price is rigidity,” he said. Core ideology, In the 1998 book “Sustaining Innovation: Creating Nonprofit and Government Organizations How to That Innovate Naturally,” author not strategic plans & Paul Light studied 25 long- standing successful organizations in Minnesota. benchmarking, Among Light’s findings were succeed that these organizations did not operate under anything like a is key, lecturer says military-style reporting structure. Frederickson said, “Many of in business these organizations got away with a staggering amount of confusion oncepts imbued in today’s such as overnight packaging ser- Managers, those who wish to look people committed.” about the chain of command, the standard business model vices like FedEx. smart, tend to attack ideas that are Going against standard busi- hierarchy, who people report to. C— benchmarking, best “They didn’t find what the unproven, unfamiliar or risky. It’s ness practice, Jobs’s presentations They tended to be ill-organized practices and strategic plans — business consultants would say,” really easy for a manager to balk to the public about his company and endure a lot of ambiguity. bear little relation to a company’s Frederickson said. “They found at ill-formed ideas,” a situation make “absolutely no mention of Tasks are not clear, reporting chances of success, according to that breakthroughs come from that is exacerbated by the fact that making money or stockholders or lines are shifting. You wouldn’t a national public administration organizations that foster creativ- innovators often have difficulty other mundane corporate ideas, find these effective, innovative expert scholar and teacher. ity as well from those with poor articulating their creative ideas, even though he obviously knows organizations to be well-managed That holds true for private records of creativity. Break- he said. all about those,” Frederickson — particularly so with nonprofits, companies and even more so throughs, innovations, come from In another study, published in noted. less so with government agencies.” for public organizations such rich soil, but also from barren soil, “Built to Last: Successful Habits of In addition, the study authors Light posited two essential as government agencies, public rocky soil or no soil at all. So if Visionary Companies,” research- found that these successful compa- characteristics for any public orga- universities and nonprofits, said you prepare a rich field to have ers examined the characteristics of nies were not efficient in the classic nization to succeed, Frederickson George Frederickson, Edwin O. a breakthrough, does that mean 18 successful companies, includ- sense. “These are companies that said. One is that companies need a Stene Distinguished Professor you’ll have one? Not necessarily.” ing IBM, Sony and Walt Disney. do a lot of experimentation, have competent financial management of Public Administration at the In other words, the concept “What did they have in a lot of R&D. They pay only system. “There can be lots of University of Kansas. that managers can manage innova- common? Did they have strategic lip service to strategic planning. inefficiency and lots of ambiguity Frederickson last week deliv- tion or build a culture of creativity planning processes? Did they have They’re not the type to say, ‘We about the chain of command, the ered the 2010 Wherrett Lecture, should be met with considerable brilliant mission statements? Did won’t do that because it doesn’t fit tasks, but if you don’t know where sponsored by the Innovation skepticism, he said. they have an overriding commit- our plan.’ These companies try a your money is or who it’s coming Clinic at the Graduate School of “Generally, creative people ment to maximize profits? They lot of stuff and see what works. from, that doesn’t work,” Freder- Public and International Affairs. don’t like to be told what kind of had none of those,” Frederickson That’s a simplistic way to put it, ickson said. “That part of success- He spoke on “When Innovation culture they need. I think that’s said. but it’s an interesting strategy for ful organizations is sacrosanct.” Meets Sustainability.” particularly true at universities,” What they did have in common encouraging creative people, that Second, companies cannot In this context, Frederickson Frederickson said. was a core cohesive ideology with you’re not weird for trying stuff ignore outcomes, because results defined innovation, or creativity, Innovations can emerge which most of their employees that might or might not work,” matter. “But if they prevent finan- as an organization’s ability to adapt “where creative teams are joined identified. “Each company had a he said. cial disaster and leave room for and grow; he defined sustain- by their management or ignored separate core, but they all had a Frederickson also discussed adaption, they can be innovative,” ability in a traditional sense as a by their management or supported core ideal. Importantly, that value findings published in “The Inno- Frederickson added. company’s fiscal stability over at only belatedly by the manage- was not the same thing as making vator’s Dilemma: When New On the other hand, “Light least a generation (as opposed to ment, and some breakthroughs money. Nobody was opposed to Technology Caused Great Firms found there are no shortcuts or the word’s current popular con- emerge in settings where there making money, but that was not to Fail.” gimmicks to innovation. Good notation of “greening” efforts). is no organization at all,” he said. primary,” he said. “The authors offer a pro- old-fashioned democratic organi- “I have one primary argument: The “Breakthroughs!” authors Most of the companies also vocative argument: Customer zations that were successful tend Innovation and management are also argue that management can shared grand goals. “Steve Jobs, of responsiveness does not lead to to think and work in groups, and not particularly compatible ideas. construct barriers to innovations, Apple, is all about a guy with those innovation, because customers tend to not respond well to harsh To some extent innovation defies Frederickson said. “One in par- kinds of goals: building the latest, seldom know, or can even imagine, forms of management,” Freder- being managed,” said Frederick- ticular: If failure is punished, that the most-important technology,” what they do not now need,” he ickson said. son, who also is director of the will inhibit innovation and dis- Frederickson said. “These kinds maintained. He added that “Light found Metropolitan Studies Center at courage experimentation. Many of goals keep the staff energized, Apple, for example, does not very little mention of these words: Kansas. innovations by definition are risky. keep people working hard, keep use focus groups or poll its custom- best practices, benchmarking “On the other hand, sustain- ers, Frederickson noted. and managed innovations. In ability is very compatible with the “The argument is that if we the corporate formula, these are idea of innovation. Approaching adapt and innovate, those adap- the list of things you should do; innovation as something that tions and innovations will antici- they’re not there in these success- is often a part of sustainable pate what people want. That’s so ful organizations. What Light did approaches to organizations is alien to what we know as a model find is the core of values shared the message I want to leave you for business,” he said. by employees: trust in authority; with today.” “How many of you imagined genuine concern for clients, and Successful innovative organi- 10 years ago there would be a little honesty with each other about zations are characterized by core device you can stick below your their mission.” ideals and lofty goals, Frederick- rearview mirror that can show Frederickson said his own son said. He cited several studies you all the highways in front of studies show that seeking out of successful private-sector busi- you and tell you where to go? Did best practices can be useful for an nesses and public organizations. you imagine paying $200 for that? organization, as long as the quest “Usually, we think of innova- Now, they can’t make enough of isn’t overemphasized, because a tion as something like the light those things. They weren’t exactly one-size-fits-all approach is an bulb, or important social ideas like sure what they were building and oversimplification in a constantly the rule of law, or technological the public didn’t know it might be evolving world. developments,” Frederickson said. useful,” he said. His studies also show that “But in fact much of what we call A second argument is that suc- benchmarking often leads to insti- innovations are not ordinarily that cessful companies with a strong tutional isomorphism, a copy-cat big. They tend to be incremental market niche can collapse on syndrome that stymies creativity. adaptions of things with which themselves from stagnation. Such Institutions, especially universi- we’re already familiar.” a company “will look upon inno- ties, need to avoid a rankings trap, As an example, he said that vation as destructive technology he said. “Rankings are the fashion: Idaho farmer Philo Farnsworth that disrupts how they’re presently They’re ubiquitous. Anyone can tinkered with vacuum tubes, making money. They are to some do them. The best that can be common in the 1920s, and is extent resistant to innovation. said of them is that they simplify credited by some with inventing Success drives down innovation,” complexities and give us bragging the major communication device Frederickson said. rights.” of the 20th century — television The corollary to that is However, rankings tend to — clearly a case of an add-on to what encourages innovation are make institutions simply look already available technology. stresses, crises and less-than-ideal like vanilla copies of each other. Frederickson pointed to the circumstances, he said. “Universities all look so much book “Breakthroughs!” where the Those successful companies alike — their organization, their authors examined 14 important that are so well-heeled that they logic — are almost all the same. innovations, such as the compact manage to survive become pris- [Seeking better] rankings is not the same as striving to do better.” disc, the VCR and the CT scan, Harold Aughton oners in an “iron cage,” a phrase as well as business breakthroughs George Frederickson Frederickson borrowed from —Peter Hart n

6 DECEMBER 9, 2010

n science, catalysts boost chem- For example, funding schol- ical reactions. In philanthropy, A different kind of philanthropy arships is a technical problem; Icatalytic giving accelerates reforming public schools is an social change. adaptive one. Building a hospital “Catalytic donors punch above is technical; developing affordable their weight,” nonprofit strategist “Catalytic” donors want to do health care is adaptive. Developing Leslie Crutchfield said in a Dec. a malaria vaccine is technical; rais- 1 Graduate School of Public and ing vaccination rates is adaptive. International Affairs philanthropy more than just contribute money “Adaptive problems are dif- forum lecture at the University ferent. They’re complex, they’re Club. Calif. “They fund locally where ments among all the players to do might be as recipients of charity, emergent. As we try to affect “They find ways to create they’re based, but they’ve had everything they can to get students clients of nonprofits or subjects the problem the conditions may impact that’s much greater, that enormous impact,” she said. to achieve the results that are to be studied, but catalytic donors change. So to get to the answer, goes beyond just the checks that They also studied corporate desired at these transition years,” view them as part of the solu- you have to work along the way. they write,” she said. “It’s what and community foundations. Crutchfield said. “They didn’t tion, she said. “Catalytic donors And usually no one donor or one enables smaller donors to have Crutchfield touched on each introduce any new nonprofits and see individuals as participants in entity has all the answers,” she said. as much, if not more, impact than of the six principles: it wasn’t about throwing more the process of change. They are many of the billionaires who might money at the problem. All they did capable and responsible for their Learn to create change rank above them in sheer giving Advocate for change was get all the different players to own self-help. It’s not up to us to Catalytic donors evaluate suc- power.” This principle “really is about work together in a different way give a handout; let’s give them a cess differently. They acknowl- Crutchfield, co-author of how donors engage in and fund toward a common goal.” hand up to be partners in change. edge that they operate in a complex “Forces for Good: The Six Prac- advocacy, which is kind of coun- They are important sources of world in which their impact on an tices of High-Impact Nonprofits,” terintuitive because typically many Empower the people the solutions because oftentimes issue “as much as they want to have shared highlights and examples philanthropists kind of shy away The civil rights movement it’s the people in the community strong results, isn’t necessarily from her upcoming book, “Do from this,” she said. was “probably the most suc- facing the problems who are going something that any one donor can More Than Give,” as part of cessful social change movement to have to implement it,” she said. claim credit for,” Crutchfield said. GSPIA’s Philanthropy Forum Blend profit with purpose in modern American history,” For example, the Jacobs Family “This is very difficult to grapple lecture series. “This is all about how business Crutchfield said. “The civil rights Foundation developed a $24 mil- with, especially in an age when Catalytic giving isn’t new but leaders, foundation leaders, lever- movement changed the entire lion commercial enterprise zone in we have so much emphasis, and I it’s rare, Crutchfield said. The age the power of the private sector fabric of American society” — big a blighted area of San Diego. The think rightly so, on outcomes, on main difference between typical and market forces for good. For things, such as where a person foundation bought the property evidence-based grants, because we philanthropy and catalytic giving example, mission investing goes could live or work, as well as and located its offices there, lever- want to know whether our grants lies in the world view and outlook beyond the typical foundation small things, such as which water aging other investors’ money to have gotten results.” of the donors. practice of giving 5 percent of its fountain a person could use. build a retail development. “They But we may be asking the ques- Common philanthropy — endowment each year in grants There was no single donor didn’t just go and build buildings tion wrong, she said. “It’s not, ‘Did engaged in by most foundations to nonprofits, to focus on what who underwrote the change. and give it to the community my grant get the result?’ It’s ‘Did — is linear, Crutchfield said. The is being done with the other 95 “It was the composite collective and they didn’t set up and fund my contribution to this issue help donor selects a nonprofit organi- percent of the money. Catalytic effort of all of these individuals typical social service programs,” move the needle?’ zation, makes a grant and gets a donors make that larger part and organizations that led to this Crutchfield said. Instead, they “Which snowflake breaks the report. “The goal is to give money of their assets work to advance massive change,” Crutchfield said. asked residents and found that the branch? Are you the donor who away,” she said. their goals, whether by screening “And if you define philanthropy people didn’t want a drug counsel- wants to know that your snowflake Catalytic donors, however, investments or engaging in share- as just an institution … you get ing center or a welfare office. They broke it? Does it matter? “see their role as engaging in the holder advocacy in companies one picture. But if you take a step wanted a grocery store, a bank and “On one level we need to systems that undergird the prob- where they hold stakes — “really back and broaden your frame, you sit-down restaurants. know: Are our snowflakes work- lems that they’re trying to solve,” using the power of their wealth can see philanthropy happening in The site was developed using ing? Are programs that we fund Crutchfield said. They seek to and their investments to drive many different shapes and sizes,” many local contractors and build- effective?” she said. However, engage and leverage government, social and environmental goals she said. “We define how we give ers, then the foundation issued a “catalytic donors have a learning business, nonprofit organizations rather than doing charity on the back in many different ways, and community development initial mindset. They don’t worry so and individuals as partners in one hand, but making as much we use different terminology, public offering to transfer own- much about retrospective reports change. profit as possible on the other but everybody can participate in ership by selling local residents about whether their money was “The catalytic donor says, hand,” she said. philanthropy.” shares of stock in the develop- spent correctly last year.” ‘How do I get all these wheels A common view of individuals ment. “Talk about empowering Such donors don’t seek year- turning together to solve the Forge nonprofit peer networks people — developing a sense of end reports that typically sit problem so that my infusion of Technology has changed the ownership that can be sustained unread on a bookshelf, but instead the grant and my connections, my way philanthropy is practiced, over a lifetime,” she said. try to understand the progress talent, my treasure — everything making it as easy to make a micro- that’s been made toward the that a foundation and a donor loan to a small entrepreneur in Lead adaptively desired outcomes, then use that has to offer — comes into play Kenya as it is to put money in a Adaptive leaders, rather than information to adjust their future to advance the cause?’” she said. church collection plate, Crutch- coming up with and imposing a strategy toward the ultimate goal, Crutchfield’s upcoming book field said. solution, recognize that problems she said. draws on best practices from her “What’s interesting about are complex and engage others in q earlier book as they apply to the social networks and new technol- coming up with answers jointly, In closing, she challenged her donors’ side of philanthropy, ogy isn’t just the fact that we’re she said. audience: “As you think about outlining a half-dozen strategies more interconnected, it’s the Social problems are, by nature, this, ask yourself: What business for catalytic philanthropy — the actual architecture of social net- complex, with no one path or a are you in? Are you still going to secrets for success as practiced by works that provides some insight single definition of success, she be in the business of giving money donors who create high-impact into how effective social change said. away or trying to do more than social change. happens.” For example, Facebook Technical solutions differ give to solve a problem?” Four of the six principles — users post a page to which others from adaptive solutions. “When The entire presentation may advocate for change; blend profit link. “What you get is this network you have a technical problem, it’s be viewed at http://mediasite. with purpose; forge nonprofit that’s really just a bunch of nodes pretty well-defined, the pathway cidde.pitt.edu/mediasite/Viewer peer networks, and empower the with links that are all connected. to the answer is clear and some- /?peid=78f4bed2851d4d5d905d people — correspond with four What’s important and powerful times the problem can be solved 7c309cdf9fab. Kimberly K. Barlow sectors of society — government, about networks is not so much Leslie Crutchfield by one donor,” she said. —Kimberly K. Barlow n business/market forces, other the nodes — your Facebook page donors/nonprofits and individual — it’s all the links between it. It’s citizens. Leading adaptively and the relationship between the nodes learning to create change repre- that becomes important,” she said. Catalytic giving: A local perspective sent internal characteristics that “High-impact donors have pair of local nonprofit solve a problem like this,” she said. past decade has been invested in enable catalytic givers to be effec- figured out that it’s not just the leaders spoke of their “So we have to be really, really improving access to health care tive at leveraging change, she said. nonprofits that you fund but how Aorganizations’ own expe- creative and think outside what and dental care for people with Last year, Crutchfield and her do you change the way nonprofits rience with catalytic philanthropy the traditional boxes are.” disabilities. “But 10 percent of co-authors surveyed 2,000 donors collaborate and work together so and offered their observations in About a decade ago, the foun- our portfolio is just a little over and foundation sources, asking they can more effectively address response to Leslie Crutchfield’s dation discovered that female $2 million. … In addressing this them to recommend donors who problems.” message. wheelchair users who could not kind of a problem we could not practice catalytic best practices. For example, the Strive Part- stand up independently could not have the scale to go at it alone The givers she and her co- nership, which works in Cincin- The power of coffee receive a mammogram in Pitts- and to fund and figure out what authors studied included large nati and northern Kentucky, is the Kristy Trautmann, executive burgh, couldn’t receive gyneco- the solutions were.” private donors who fund globally, result of a collaboration among director of the FISA Foundation, logical exams and couldn’t receive The most effective thing the such as the Bill and Melinda Gates nonprofit groups and school lead- whose mission is to improve the a physical exam or be weighed in FISA Foundation does, Traut- Foundation, as well as relatively ers that targets student success lives of women, girls and people most doctors’ offices. “There were mann said, “is buy coffee. We modest family foundations most across a continuum of transition with disabilities, described FISA’s women in Pittsburgh who had not buy a lot of coffee.” Beginning in people have never heard of, such points: kindergarten, transition to role in correcting a lack of access had a physical examination for 20 2000, foundation representatives as the Connecticut-based Tow middle school, high school, out of to health care and dental care for years or longer,” Trautmann said. shared what they had discovered Foundation, the Jacobs Family high school and graduating from those with disabilities. “It was appalling.” with countless potential partners Foundation in San Diego and the college. “We are a foundation that does About 10 percent of the over coffee, then started to meet Siebel Foundation in Palo Alto, “They galvanized commit- not have nearly enough money to foundation’s portfolio over the CONTINUED ON PAGE 8

7 U N I V E R S I T Y TIMES

for donors to slip into the “danger- building,” Denova said. ous hubris” of funding what they Too often, the nonprofit itself Catalytic giving: A local perspective deem best for society, “because can be seen as the client or the there are not a lot of people to recipient of the philanthropy. CONTINUED FROM PAGE 7 challenge us.” “We often are told, ‘We need regularly to share information like marriage,” Trautmann said. doesn’t,” he said. “And that’s a He said the Jacobs Family your money or we will go out of and find solutions to the problem. But, in addition to the romantic unique gift: the ability to take Foundation took a greater risk business,’” he said. “It’s really hard to say what and fulfilling moments, “there’s chances.” than perhaps may be evident by Rather than viewing the non- change FISA Foundation created a lot more of folding the laundry Once successful initiatives investing in a community and profit sector as the end, or the because a lot of it was about the and packing the kids’ lunches and are discovered, the government transferring the assets to it, based sector that should have a voice in magic that happens over coffee.” making sure the dishes are put grantees have the money to keep on what the residents wanted. the giving, donors need to work A decade later, much remains away. I think that we are facing them going. “We can take chances “That ought to be the poster child backwards from the intermedi- to be done and the foundation problems that need us to be on experimenting with preschool for what responsive philanthropy ary toward the actual people the is continuing its work to solve engaged far beyond giving away curricular change or technology, really is.” nonprofits are serving, who are the these problems, but, Trautmann money, and that need us to stay and we can do it in partnership In a similar vein, he com- people the philanthropist wants said, “I think that we were part of engaged.” with state officials who are watch- mented on the Cincinnati-area to affect. conversations that led to the fact q ing our experiment under the Strive education improvement “That’s why I advocate for that down the street at Magee- James V. Denova, vice presi- proviso that we will work with project’s student-centered focus. social change, and at least know- Women’s Hospital there’s one of dent of the Claude Worthington them to take on what works, as Rather than being focused on ing what social change you wish only four comprehensive health Benedum Foundation, said his opposed to what doesn’t.” the nonprofit or private or public to effect is really the first question care centers for women with dis- organization devotes its philan- sector, “it has to do with kids, kids that you have to ask when either abilities in the country. thropic investments to efforts in Observations on a pathway through life,” he said, running a nonprofit, building a “Here at the University of West Virginia and southwestern Denova commented on the noting that the consortium was consortium or deciding your strat- Pittsburgh, you have a dental Pennsylvania. empowerment style of philan- built around the needs of children egy as a foundation,” Denova said. clinic for people with disabilities, The foundation enjoys access thropy Crutchfield outlined in and their families. “The nonprofit sector is a means … one of the only clinics on the to state-level policymakers in her talk in the case of the Jacobs “It’s an important dynamic to to an end and we always have to eastern seaboard where people West Virginia as the state’s larg- Family Foundation, which built an keep in mind when you think about know and always understand what with complex disabilities can get est philanthropic giver. “That’s enterprise zone in a blighted area what organizations ought to be that end is.” really good, really important, an opportunity of geography,” of San Diego based on residents’ involved in any kind of network —Kimberly K. Barlow n dental care,” Trautmann said. he said. requests. “The most interesting “These kind of issues are not contrast with that kind of phi- things that we can take credit for Leverage lanthropy versus the traditional but things that we are very proud Foundations have very little philanthropy is who gets to say,” to be part of.” money compared to the vast Denova said. resources that are available for “If you think about it, that Lessons learned social change, Denova said. The was philanthropy based on what Trautmann shared some obser- larger pools of public dollars, people want, on listening to con- vations on what the foundation however, “drive the machine that stituents. That may seem obvious leadership learned in this process. affects people’s lives.” to folks who work in human service “One is that you can never What his foundation can nonprofits, but it’s not so obvious get confused about who the offer, he said, “is flexibility and in the tradition of philanthropy.” customer is. When you engage the opportunity to experiment It’s a marked contrast, he said, in philanthropy it’s really heady and fail.” to the supply-side philanthropy stuff. You can get really excited The Benedum Foundation as practiced by early givers such about the data that we need and works closely with government, as Andrew Carnegie. “When his all of the hoops that we can put with most of its grantees being workers asked for a living wage, in to make sure that we are effec- public authorities and much of he shot them — and decided that tive. But when it comes down to its investment revolving around he would give their widows and Kimberly K. Barlow Kristy Trautmann of the FISA Foundation and James Denova being burdensome to the people economic development and public orphans a library.” of the Claude Worthington Benedum Foundation shared their we are trying to help, I think we education. Denova cautioned that it’s easy thoughts on catalytic giving. can take another look at what our “But we want to invest in some strategy is.” things that are very risky, that Another caveat, she said, “is public authorities cannot invest State bond delay could affect Pitt projects that big complicated entrenched in with taxpayers’ dollars because CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1 social issues take a long time to of their accountability to all of University administration would “It’s all about cash flow. Is this two capital budget bills legisla- fix.” People attracted to work in the contributors that really make need to decide on a course of action the right time and is this the right tors approved during the current the field of catalytic philanthropy government run. But we can fail if state funding for these projects program?” she said, noting that fiscal year. Those bills include $10 often are used to getting results at a higher rate — and we try to,” is halted by the failure to issue a Rendell’s proposal to issue the million to construct the John P. and seeing things change based Denova said. bond, Fink said. bond now, largely through the Murtha Center for Public Policy, on their efforts. “If we can do anything, we q federal Building America Bonds a controversial project slated for But two or three years isn’t can experiment and see what In a Nov. 30 letter to Auditor (BAB) program, could result in the Pitt-Johnstown campus; $20 long enough, she cautioned. “We works and broadcast it. And we’re General Jack Wagner and trea- higher costs, rather than save bor- million for renovations of Thaw, need to make a long-term com- accountable to no one except the surer McCord, Rendell said speedy rowing costs through BAB interest Allen and Old Engineering halls mitment,” she said. public and to our own trustees approval of the bond issue is subsidies, as Rendell argues. and the Space Research Coor- “Catalytic philanthropy is a lot about what works and what needed to prevent projects already BAB is set to expire Dec. dination Center, and $5 million underway from being shut down, 31 and it is uncertain whether for Fisher Hall renovations at noting that some accounts within Congress will renew it. While Pitt-Bradford. the state’s capital facilities fund are Rendell noted that interest rates q projected to run out of capital fund are rising, Wilson said that’s due Of the proposed $1 billion money in January. in part to the many entities float- bond issue, $400 million would Rendell stated that each outgo- ing year-end bonds and that some go toward public improvement ing administration since 1968 has analysts believe rates could drop projects, including the projects at issued bonds to provide the new early next year. Pitt, other state-related universi- administration sufficient capital Borrowing more than the ties and State System of Higher dollars for previously approved/ amount of money needed within a Education schools. ongoing projects. short time adds to the costs associ- The remainder of the $1 Because the state issues bonds ated with that debt, Wilson said, billion would be divided as fol- to fund these capital projects on noting that issuing some smaller lows, according to a breakdown a cash-flow basis (rather than on amount of debt now and some later provided by the governor’s office: a project basis), each bond issue could be a better option. • $200 million for bridge repair funds a portion of multiple proj- “The commonwealth has the projects; ects that are in progress rather money to honor the contracts • $155 million for Redevelop- than completely funding any right now,” Wilson said, noting ment Assistance Capital program one project. According to the that the capital funds on hand projects in progress; treasurer’s office, that practice would cover obligations through • $114 million for local trans- obligates the state to continually January and into early February. portation agencies’ transportation issue more debt in order to fund According to the treasurer’s office, assistance projects; new projects and avoid halting $500 million-$575 million would • $76 million for Pennvest ongoing projects. be sufficient to cover funding water and sewer infrastructure State treasury spokesperson obligations for existing projects grants and loans; Corinna Wilson said McCord’s through May/June 2011. • $30 million for Growing scrutiny of the proposal “is not a q Greener II environmental recla- judgment on the value or legiti- Rendell spokesperson Gary mation/preservation projects, and macy of these projects, it’s the cost Tuma said the bond issue has • $25 million for Pennworks of the money,” adding that the no impact on Rendell’s ability to local water supply and wastewater treasurer has signed off on many approve additional projects nor treatment project grants and loans. prior bond issues. does it affect any projects in the —Kimberly K. Barlow n

8 DECEMBER 9, 2010 University recognizes long-term staff

School of Medicine Staff who reached 20, 30, 40, 40+, 50 and 50+ years of employment in 2010 Coulter, Janet M. will be honored today, Dec. 9, at 3 p.m. in Alumni Hall’s Connolly Ballroom. DiBucci, Yolanda 50+ years Dorko, Kenneth The lists of those staff members, as well as those who marked 10 and 5 years Dujmic, Marsha W. of service during 2010, were provided to the University Times by the Office Edwards, Catherine Y. Office of the Chancellor of Human Resources. Forsythe, Carla Jean Moore, Fred M. — 51 Fosbrink, Mary Ellen Gordon, Lisa Marie School of Engineering Madeya, Laurie M. Victor, Betty F. — 51 Patrene, Kenneth D. — 42 Moschetti, Deborah A. Cicco, Michael A. — 43 Learning Research Rakow, Kathleen Ann Graduate School Shab, Linda A. — 44 and Development Center Reiner, Virginia G. of Public Health 30 years Bee, Nancy Virginia Rominski, Susan L. White, Mary E. — 51 University Center for Saul, Melissa Irene International Studies Athletics Schantz, Judith A. General Counsel Bruhns, E. Maxine — 45 Sloan, Donna M. Schwartz, Fern G. Rosenberg, Jerome L. — 57 Office of the Chancellor Slinchak, Barbara T. University Library System Fragapane, Mark A. Vice Chancellor Webb, Judith H. Facilities Management DiClemente, Tina M. — 41 Hirth, Tamara S. Budget and Controller English, Charles — 51 Duff, Patricia E. — 42 Meyers, Susan Ann Gavin, Vincent F. University of Pittsburgh Lynch, Cathy A. — 44 Slater, Ronald J. at Johnstown Secretary of Board of Trustees Glova, Christine Ann Park, Graham Business Operations Kerchenske, Suzanne E. Abbey, Jay D. Ramsdorfer, Randalph L. Office of the Provost Bennett, Ronald L. Stinson, Rose M. 50 years Crain, Susan L. Fink, Albert M. Jr. Wess, Jesse R. 40 years Emala, David Smith, Curtis Zupancic, Edward J. Scarano, Roxanne School of Social Work Tomcho, Grace Marie School of Watson, Sherman Jr. University of Pittsburgh Office of the Chancellor Watters, Roy Information Sciences at Greensburg Watkins, Gwendolyn L. Arenth, Michael J. Walls, Marcella Iona School of Medicine Comerford, John M. Zupcic, Stephen P. Borowski, Susan Lynn Ellis, Ethel M. Franicola, William J. Office of the Provost Katz Graduate School University of Pittsburgh Howe, W. Richard of Business at Titusville Crawford, James T. Woods, Carrie Annette Krepps, Pamela J. Nicoll, Joanne Metzger 20 years Wykoff, Linda K. School of Law University of Pittsburgh 40+ years Leroy, Suzanne K. Cancer Institute College of General Studies Office of the Chancellor Gaither Davis, Autumn Lanona Brown, Sherry Miller School of Dental Medicine Harding, Beverly Office of the Chancellor Rosol, Joanne M. Latzy, Kristine Nagel, Nancy M. Vice Chancellor Bayus, Sandra S. — 45 Mangold, Rosemary Institutional Advancement School of Education Steinhauser, William E. Student Affairs Gordon, Richard Student Affairs Neuner, Carol S. Abt, Andrea H. Podoletz, John Close, Donna Sue — 41 Graduate School Harrison, Alice L. Sosso, Mary Lou — 41 Graduate School of Public of Public Health Iddriss, Carol A. Computing Services and International Affairs Cronin, Walter M. Jr. Jasko, Carol T. and Systems Development Office of the Provost Porter, Barbara L. Curtis, Gloria A. Mark, Gina Marie Barr, Cathleen M. — 42 Kimmel, Kathy L. Office of the Provost Matusik, Diana Kunkel Hunt, Barbara — 42 School of Dental Medicine Perfetti, Carol L. Foster, Sandra L. Shea, Mary Tomko, Constance T. — 42 Bettinger, Christine T. Levine, Agoro Rita Stackhouse, Randy L. Funtal, Cynthia L. — 44 School of Medicine Hornyak, Dawn Henry, Patricia L. — 44 School of Nursing Griener, Lisa Marie Scariot, Laverne V. Facilities Management Kanarkowski, Rita A. — 41 Heller, Charlotte M. Sadej, Linda Ann Schultz, Debra Alston, Milton R. Bates, Roberta M. — 42 Szekeres, Gregory J. Crain, Timothy A. School of Pharmacy University Honors College Gerber, Michael J. College of General Studies Stracci, Anna M. School of Health and Hornyak, David A. Kimes, Barry L. Kreiling, Delia A. — 44 Rehabilitation Sciences Kuhar, David J. Graduate School Gangjee, Shameem Swanson School of Engineering Kutnansky, Ronald School of Education of Public Health Macpherson, James Scott Martin, David L. Capson, Carol Ann — 43 Bernardon, Edi M. University of Pittsburgh Nucci, Michael Bost, Carole A. — 44 at Johnstown Office of the Rayzer, David L. Jr. School of Medicine Coffman, James A. Senior Vice Chancellor Swanson School of Engineering Ostrowski, Nancy B. Eash, Paul J. for Health Sciences Athletics Van Ormer, Cole M. — 43 Grady, Kevin P. Ramsey-Cover, Janet L. Sciulli, Dora University Library System Hoffman, Joni D. Graduate School of Public Brown, Cheryl R. Leibfreid, Andrea J. School of University Center for Social and International Affairs McLeod, Ann Lorditch, Lewis L. Dental Medicine and Urban Research Schetley, Grace L. — 43 Smith, Daniel R. Eismont, Carmella G. Hostein, Sally Ann Facilities Management Piazza, Theresa Marie School of Social Work Sipe, Charles J. University of Pittsburgh Vogel, Sharon J. School of Medicine Rinella, Rosemary A. — 42 at Greensburg Division Administration Learning Research Antoniak, Karen M. School of Nursing Almaro, Jeffrey L. School of Dental Medicine and Development Center Metz, Deetta Burns, Lorene Marie Salvador-Murillo, Rosa M. — 41 Beringer, Carol L. University of Pittsburgh Flack, Glenn D. at Bradford School of Pharmacy Islam, Kazi R. School of Pharmacy Business Operations Burns, Mark E. Schmotzer, Anna Grace Sloan, Joann Stofka, Andrea M. — 41 Heilman, Richard G. Johnson, Donald O. Tann, Wilma Jean Haberle, Francis G. — 46 Held, David C. Pingie, Vicky L. Graduate School Yurko, Raymond B. Rosol, Michael R. Robbins, Donald A. of Public Health School of Medicine Beck, Sarah Jane Alexander, Henry L. — 41 School of University Library System Eng, Heather F. Lovas, Monica T. — 41 Information Sciences Radis, Elizabeth Ann Krystopolski, William Richard Margaros, Anna Helen — 41 Stewart, Mary C. McQuiston, Susan G. Szalkuski, Christine — 41 Facilities Management Pitcher, F. Louise Edwards, Elizabeth A. — 42 Hieber, Phillip C. III Slobada, Patricia A. Mannka, Kenneth Charles Weiss, Eileen P. CONTINUED ON PAGE 10

9 U N I V E R S I T Y TIMES

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 9 Vice Chancellor Learning Research Miller, Carolyn M. Budget and Controller and Development Center Morosky, Stefanie Mclaughlin, Eileen F. Huggins, Gina Lynn Mortimer, Amanda Dale Murphy, Mary J. Schoch, Danielle L. Murphy, Yolonda M. Pesi, Cheryl Walton Nieman-Vento, Lisa Scifo, John J. Office of the Nolte, Carolyn R. University honors Senior Vice Chancellor Omalley, Mark Edward Associate Vice Chancellor for Health Sciences Omalley, Michele Marie Human Resources Deer, Ruth Ann Pakstis, Diana L. Weldon, James Dennis, Tammy Lee Porter, Darlene F. Spear, Geoffrey H. Pringle-Cribbs, Sandra M. long-term staff Business Operations Reay, Daniel P. Broadwater, Betty J. School of Dental Medicine Riley, Mary Alyce Crovella, Dennis M. Bardi, Kathleen Marie Rocco, Mary Patricia Ezzeddine, Adnan H. Dobish, Sun Ye Rogina, Carol M. Vice Chancellor Childs, Andre Lamont Rafalski, Timothy M. Gallagher, James P. Roslund, Rachel M. Institutional Advancement Crawford, Tracy L. White, Theresa L. Smith, Rochelle Denise Rossi, Katie Jo Funari, Mira Gornick Errahimi, Rebecca Sue Warmus, Sarah Whitney Rudolph, Brian R. Gradeck, Larysa S. Frederick, Robin Simak, Deborah Marie Sestili, Jana Sue Hatfield, Cynthia Ann School of Nursing Smith, Ali J. Studeny, Judith Ann Hill, John W. Deslouches, Sandra Smolak, Christy L. Zavage Grivnow, Susan Renee Lyons, James W. Fellows, Jennifer Michelle Stalder, Jennifer Sue Zubal, Kathleen J. Paul, Barbara Schubert, Mary R. Styche, Alexis Jean Pfefferkorn, John I. 10 years University Library System Portis, Preston J. Taylor, Carl Leone School of Pharmacy Thomas Fairley, Cheryl Buehner, Sandra S. Richards, Sherry Ann Office of the Chancellor Ballantyne, Sandra Dee Thomas, Jessica Lynn Ferdinand, Luke James Sheffey, Alzenia Marie Beedle, Ari Benjamin Doheny, Gary F. Thompson, Shawn B. Hopper, Caroline L. Valenti, Shannon Lynn Culley, Doreen M. Edmondston, Lois Ann Tkacheva, Olga A. Jablonowski, Beverly Louise Yothers, Russell A. III Gardner, Denise A. Ferzacca, Wendy Sue Tseytlin, Eugene Mikhaylovic Matthews, Regina Renee Yothers, Theresa M. Lee, Ottie M. Fuhrman, Amy B. Tu, Yizeng Ohliger, David A. Mankamyer, Jody Lynn Knopf, Steven Paul Ursida, Jennifer Leigh Waters, Diana L. Executive Vice Chancellor O’Neill, Mara Murer, Jacqueline Vignone, Mark Yusko, Jung J. Schultz, Richard Wagner, Julie M. Student Affairs Graduate School Wang, Liping Computing Services and Vice Chancellor Connor, Cathleen Elizabeth of Public Health Wang, Yinna Systems Development Budget and Controller Hall, Tynetta Ann Albig, Cheryl Jean Welsh, Debra Ann Bell, John W. Fulay, Jyotsna Pradeep Mazzocca, Noreen Joyce Barton, Stephen D. III Wilcox, Cheryl M. Butchko, John Michael Gilbert, Susan Marie Piper, Russell W. Caruso, Lori A. Woolcott, Barbara L. Delany, Janet Baltren Gray, Georgia J. Radley, Judith F. Cherok, Luella Susan Zhang, Mingdi Evonich, George M. Harper, Victoria K. Roth, Marvin John Graham, Michele Marie Zuri, Karen Franolich, John M. Hussey, Brenda Lee Hopkins, David Troy Gollinger, Gregory J. Kleppick, Lorraine Ann Office of the Provost Hopkins, Regina Ann University of Pittsburgh Kaminsky, Victoria Lantz, Lorelei E. Booth, Rosemary A. Luther, James Francis at Johnstown Kovalchick, George A. Margaria, Diane Sue Brizuela, Hernan Jr. MacDonald, James Brant, Joann E. Munshaw, Steven Robert Morrow, Bonnie Marie Cziczin, Dawn Rae Noullet, William V. Lawn, Jeanine Marie Polk, James C. Taylor, Richard Louis Estes, Wilhemina Michelle O’Neal, Scott Michael Smith, Brian K. Schiffer, Fred Wm. Wilson, Daniel H. Halechko, Anna D. Zhang, Song Sutt, Sharon E. Szegedy, Frank J. Hetherington, Julija Treloar, Robert E. Associate Vice Chancellor Hrabovsky, Connie Ellen School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Human Resources Nieri, Marlene H. Adler-Mcnutt, Judith B. at Greensburg Facilities Management Jimenez, Aynsley Pogrebnyak, Anna Alber, Kevin A. Crosby, Cynthia Marie Berger, Louis Joseph Kiley, Michael J. Santo, Jason John Ambrose, Patricia Denise Dolhi, Jacqueline A. Brackett, Victor Lee Schneider, Margaret Ann Tarasi, Philip J. Askren, Linda Brice, Dwight Stephen Thomas, Heidi Ann Barlow, Lisa Ann University of Pittsburgh Bundy, Dawn Alesha Business Operations Thompson, Philip Niel Bauer, Lynne Diana Kelly at Titusville Ceccarelli, Dino D. Anesin, Donald Wissner, Elspeth A. Bauer, Thomas Michael McCall, Robert James Claar, Stacy Reed Boyd, Patrick S. Yurko, Donna Lee Baumann, Amanda A. Wagner, Jayme L. Edwards, Tyrone Lamont Burns, John V. Balich, Brian J. Bigi, Christine Marie Fegula, Kenneth A. Cochran, Joshua David Chmill, Marcia E. Bivins, Faith University of Pittsburgh Feigel, Gregory John Dixon, Elvis Calle Du, Shujun Boggiano, Sharon Ann at Bradford Iwanonkiw, Raymond John Sr. Forney, Nashaun L. Evansky, Debra M. Callio, Jason A. Baldwin, James L. Jackson, Leonard Joyce, Kathleen Ann Frey, Barbara A. Campbell, David R. Cercone, Patricia Jackson, Lisa Marie Mitchell, Melinda Estelle Mccarnan, Jean M. Cecchetti, Robert A. Ellison, Steven D. Johns, Daniel K. Partridge, William S. Meade, Deborah Beth Chavlick, Christine L. Gleason, Susan Renee Klimchock, David W. Phillip-Krysinski, Callista Ann Mertz, Kelly L. Chedwick, Lisa R. Haight, Tad M. Kucsmas, Kathleen Podobnik, Anthony Vincent Jr. Mildner, Diane Marlene Chen, Ka Lane, Darwin Purtell, Richard Paul Morton, Jerilyn D. Cleary, Deborah Ann University Center Lutz, Steven C. Weber, Carolyn J. Codd-Palmer, Catherine for International Studies McShane, Timothy C. Wilson-Moran, Charlotte Renee Conrad, Marcie Lynn Allen, Thomas Fredrick Mihalcin, James Cox, Teresa A. Pereyra-Rojas, Milagros Moore, Melvin R. College of General Studies Cullens, Theresa Ann Ridge, Bridget Morris, Deshawnna J. Bobenage, Judith A. Custer, Steven J. Vanfossen Bravo, Luis Guillermo Nipaver, Jerome J. 5 years Templer, Paula S. Damico, Michael Jon Bailey, Lisa Michelle Okeefe, James Patrick Defeo, Judith R. Becton, Quincella Parks, Melvin R. University Honors College Devlin, Jason E. Cuttler, Gina Lynn Rankin, Park L. Office of the Chancellor Giazzoni, Michael J. Diamond, Kimberly L. DeNunzio, Lynn Marie Roberto, Felix III Barlow, Kimberly Karen Dizard, Charles H. Ferri, Nancy N. Singh, Bhupinder Raj Carey, Thomas J. Katz Graduate School Dubovecky, Michelle L. Gooding, William E. Stamps, Tawanda Marie Chavis, Diane H. of Business Esplen, James E. Huntley, Lisa Renee Tookes, Christopher M. DeRicco, Jeremy Saul Guzewicz, Gregory Fisher, Cynthia Susan Janjic, Bratislav Milisav Wagner, Christopher L. Gerard, Christopher Paul Soberl, Dennis James Gavel, James J. Jaworski, James A. Wells, Mark Anthony Hayden, Cara J. Green, Jowanda Louise Levy, Diann J. Wheeler, Dorsey M. Kleebank, Amy Beth Porta School of Education Hanze, Kathleen Ann Mann, Dorothy Jean Williams, David Lampich, Samba Fustich, Roger A. Heiner, Christine M. McDonough, Kathleen A. Wolford, Dewayne E. Miksch, Joseph John Watts, Sharon L. Herrera, Brian J. Palko, John S. Yesenchak, Charles William Rosenson, Sarah Jordan Wesche-Thobaben, Jacqueline Housel, Debra Pfeifer, Melanie Eve Rosleck, Stacey Lynn Ann Hua, Yun Rankin, Henry Clay Jr. University Center for Social Sies, Alissa M. Yang, Xiao Ming Huang, Xue Yin Shirey, William Eric and Urban Research Sjol, Kelly Elnora Knapick, Beth Ann Stewart, Barbara Duffy Lefcakis, James Richard Strelec, Barbara Ann Swanson School of Engineering Kraly, Linda C. Strychor, Sandra Person Mecca, Laurel Jeanne Walker, Theresa Lynn Frankovic, Chris Ann Kushon, Kimberly Ann Trent, Kerry R. Strotmeyer, Stephen J. Jr. Williams, James Nathan III Maniet, Robert A. Legowski, Elizabeth Anne Williams, Dwayne E. Park, Patricia L. Li, Youming Yagjian, Mary R. School of Medicine Student Affairs March, Jill K. Zaroda, Nancy Division Administration Brooks, Shawn E. Mcguirk, Patricia Balasubramani, Manimalha Greenwald, Marni Nicole Medich, Donna L. Bogesdorfer, Daniel L. Jolin, Dean A. Byrd, Charles Lee Jones, Sara Egan

10 DECEMBER 9, 2010

Fultz, Joann Denise University Library System Wilson, Douglas Jr. Gabris, Bethann Eileen Luciano, Jean A. Wright, Blair Gilbert Gauss, Clare E. Greer, Phil John University of Pittsburgh Athletics Hafera, Christine Lynn at Bradford Brigger, Brian Michael University honors Hainaut, Katie Maguire, Diana S. Dountas, Christopher B. Hanley-Yanez, Karen A. McGuire, Julie A. Henson, Dawn Marie Morris, Kristin L. School of Medicine Huber, Kimberly Anne Myers, Margot Elizabeth Division Administration Hughes, Edward Anthony Nowacki, Cynthia A. Blasko, Gretchen A. Jiang, Hong Bin Parana, Emily A. Brooks, Sherry long-term staff Jones, Kimberly J. Schenfield, Susan Ann Carter, Robert Andrew Karlsson, Jenny M. Stitt, Hillary B. Gonzales, Christopher Knapp, Janice Marie Wallace, Sheryl A. H. Green, Jenny L. Lea, John A. School of Social Work Knight, Daniel Joseph Williams, Steven E. Holtje, Robin Jodine Peters, Katherine C. Fatzinger, Christina Marie Kutyba-Brooks, Bozena Agnieszka Jordan, Naomi Scott, Danielle L. James, Jamie Lynn Lai, Yumei University Center for Lowe, Nathaniel Smith, Megan E. Kulik, Calvin F. Lee, Marsha A. International Studies Lucchetti, Tristan L. Sweeny, Ryan M. Miller, Nathan Scott Leimgruber, Stephanie Denning, Cathy L. Miller, Sharon Rose Tann, Faith Tipton, Nicole J. Long, Cassandra E. Klinzing, Sandra Louise O’Neill, Francis H. Varela, Monica Unger, Wendy Ann Mahn, John W. Sebulsky, Vera Dorosh Rossi, Diane E. Wettick, Elizabeth Maker, Dawn Marie Sterling, Vanessa Mary Shi, Haiwen Office of the Mallory, Yvette Cassandra Taliaferro, Devon L. Soback, William E. Office of the Provost Senior Vice Chancellor McConaha, Claire W. Sultana, Tamanna Bennett, Marlease LaShawn for Health Sciences McDonald, Daniel R. General Counsel Thompson, James Edward Chambers, Peter G. Fuller, Bryan K. Metheny, Kim Janet Feuster, Linda S. Yang, Minying Deal, Michael Todd Ludin, Rhoda A. Mignogna, Linda Kathryn Frerotte, Susan L. Yaroscak, Nicole L. DePascale, Julie Ann Passmore, Maureen L. Miller, Erika Jan King, Peggy Ann Miller, Lena G. University of Pittsburgh Executive Vice Chancellor Lantz, Lynn School of Dental Medicine Murray, Karen D. Cancer Institute DiNardo, Mark A. McConnaha, Judith Branning, Megan S. Oakley, MaryAnn Anderson, Jaime E. Mullen, Carol Ellenberger, Elaine A. OLeary, Michelle Balass, Naama Vice Chancellor Robbins, Lorraine A. Jones, Nicole Monique O’Malley, Melanie Joy Krawczyk, Beata Grazyna Budget and Controller Scott, Clarence J. III Knight, Daniel Joseph Oyster, Nicholas Micah Lowrey, Jonathan T. Casale, David Paul Taylor, Elizabeth Hildebrand Lengyel, Lori Eileen Patton, Nancy Maureen Park, Bae-Hang Cohen, Steven Laurence Wolfe, Melinda Sue Outnouna, Zineb Peet, Eloise Rothstein, Mary Elizabeth Edwards, Tiffany M. Baumann, David Dole Randall, Judith L. Pesci, Marilyn Sun, Mai Ekis, Samuel C. Capor, Beverly C. Reppermund, Hilary L. Procacina, Alicia Ann Wang, Xiao-Hong Esch, David Brian Clark, Patricia Jean Short, Elizabeth A. Purcupile, Anna Marie Garver, Jeanne M. Clark, Thuy M. Stankowicz Welch, Janice Sue Rapsinski, Rosalyn J. Vice Chancellor Hamlin, Marilea Darden, Demetreus Harlan Streba, Barbara A. Robison, Terri L. Institutional Advancement Holloway, James M. Gazal, Mary E. Zheng, Fen Roehrig, Nicole M. Craig, Joshua A. Kurtz, Cole Howard Harrity, Kerry T. Rowe, Shelley Ann Figore, Margaret Anne Sedlmeyer, James M. Kohut, Rachel Ann School of Nursing Scott, Regan E. Franks, Anne Beresford Sellers, Kellie Marie Kracht, Peter Casillo, Frances Elizabeth Shields, Anne Marie Newlin, Joshua D. Soenen, Kenneth A. Lane, Michelle R. Elliott, Amy Lyn Skwortz, Regina Marie Sciullo, Lisa J. Tozzi, Sherri Lynn McLaughlin, Janet Rita Fera, Richard J. Smith, LeKneitah P. Werner, Charles F. Meeks, Kerri J. Fiore, Roberta M. Sorrells, Anita Marie Wilson, Megan M. Associate Vice Chancellor O’Brien, Cathy Maureen Gatarz, Paulina Squeglia, Shari Ann Human Resources Oravetz, Richard Paul Houze, Martin Pierre Stark, Susan Audrey University Library System Hardon, Kelly A. Thomas, Stacey Marie Keating, Alison Lynn Sterling, Cathy L. Caler, Justin Timothy Joseph, Shannon Marie Uranic, Jacqueline Knapp, Judy E. Stern, Nancy A. Gallego Velasquez, Silvano Arturo Sneddon, Jennifer Whitaker Williams, Robert W. McClellan, Cynthia W. Szczepaniak, William S. Queen, Geneva Marie Tintera, Meghan Alexis Zipay, Deborah A. Taylor, Brian M. Randolph, Ginger L. Triplett, Laura College of General Studies Williams, Amanda Louise Reynolds, Thomas H. Vaughn, Erika Marie Cione, Brett R. Graduate School Wunar, Robert J. Szczepanski, Patricia Joan of Public Health Computing Services and Business Operations Antonelli, Mary Jo School of Health and Systems Development Arbster, Robert Wayne Katz Graduate School Costa, Andrew Robert Rehabilitation Sciences Bajwa, Sandeep S. Arkin, Michael Lee of Business Dragone, Kathy Ann Donovan, Amy L. Blackford, Lucy Boehler, Curtis W. Carothers, Kristen Bires Ferson, Shelley Dragone, Patricia A. Davidson, Christopher Lee Bush, Jason R. Darkins, Orlana M. Hughes, Lauren M. Keelan, Deborah R. Eisenhart, Amanda Sue Carter, Tyrone Gregory Dulaney, Laura Frances Huziak, Christopher W. Kornosky, Robert M. Jr. Fisher, Thomas J. Demel, Julie Michelle Rosen, Lynn M. Kirschner, Dolores Anne Folino, Mary Ellen Greives, David Joseph Valenta, William Thomas Jr. Liu, Jia University of Pittsburgh Fording, Chris W. Hines, David Lee Lu, Jiang at Johnstown Logoyda, Michael D. Jackson, Pamela M. School of Education McCullough, Caitlin Emily Barrick, Karen M. Passarello, Louis R. Julian, Phillip Jeffry Dunkerley, Christopher J. McDonald, Susan H. Biter, Victoria Louise Peskie, Mindy N. Leogas, William G. Jr. Falchetti, Maura Men, Aiju Buchkovich, Samuel Lewis III Ramasamy Natarajan, Senthil- Mock, Michael D. Hanna, Edward James Miller, Rachel Grace Flores, Sofia S. kumar Patterson, Kathleen E. Kinsel, Shelly Njah, Joel M. Garman, Karla Marie Rhoades, Jeffrey A. Perez, Alfonso Jr. Yogmas, Cynthia A. Perkins, Karen Coulter Kinsinger, Katherine Stahl Ruff, Jeffrey Lynn Rodgers, Charles Edward Peterson, Monique Deanne Krasovic, James D. Werner, Lawrence R. Scott, Betsy Alyn Swanson School of Engineering Reiser, Sarah Christine Michaels, William C. Wolf, William John Zayac, Matthew M. Burton, Ruth Giavonni Soltesz, Nathaniel Joseph Miller, Martha Chambers, April J. Stefanac, David A. Palov, Susan Kay Facilities Management School of Chuha, Carolyn Ann Swartz, Mark T. Ressler, Georgina Ann Agostinelli, Albert A. Information Sciences Doty, James K. Thomas, Jennifer Till, Elissa E. Brinza, William Edward Ceol, Jane Kremm, Frank Nathaniel Zangaglia, Eric J. Camarda, Judith A. Shaffer, Kelly I. Leccia, Rita Ann School of Medicine Djordjevic, Sasa Shields, Donald Charles Agostino, Naomi Ruth University of Pittsburgh Dougherty, Robert Allen Ahn, Jinwoo at Greensburg Downie, Timothy School of Law Bo, Meihua Genard, Cynthia L. Eyth, Bernard William Horensky, Jaime Marie Bruno, Stephen III Graham, Mark B. Ferina, Anthony F. Nye, Katharine Cimino, Lori Lynn Fonzi, William C. Jr. Clawson, David Sean University Library System Francowic, Michael J. Graduate School of Public Conway, Patrick John Beaver, Dianna Friedberg, Timothy J. and International Affairs Cook, James R. Johnson, Nelson D. Brizzi, Beverly Cramer, Megan Krysta University of Pittsburgh Kosky, Joseph B. Hatherill, Jessica L. DeAlmeida, Dilhari Rasika Anne at Bradford McGee, Joseph W. Delk, Michael Joseph Cameron, Judy Ann Myers, Kevin J. DeRicco, Jeremy Saul Colosimo, Mandy J. Naab, David H. Dillon, Stacey N. Dennis, Laurie B. Parks, Nathaniel B. Doswell, Jaime Renee Greville, Elizabeth Cleland Powell, Jeremiah Levi Dreher, Kathleen June Horner, Carma L. Spallone, Adrienne L. Evansky, Thomas J. Stewart, Gregory Freund, John M.

11 U N I V E R S I T Y TIMES

to push students to seek a gen- Each group then was split into experiments are contrasts” — and eral explanation,” he said. “You subgroups that received slightly innovation because students were want them to innovate a general different worksheets. Some got asked to notice the differences explanation that handles all the an abstract version. Others got and make a general formulation What kind of cases — even the cases they haven’t illustrations of dots drawn inside on their own. seen yet.” cubes to represent varying levels of Later, half of the graphing For example, a study of stu- density. Some got an illustration of group, as a control, did additional instruction dents from information-intensive clowns on a bus with crowdedness graphing. The other students disciplines — computer science, representing density. attended a lecture that reviewed biology, psychology and engineer- When later asked to re-draw the experiments, their findings ing — compared the way under- the worksheet from memory, and the theories. puts students graduates differed from graduate many students missed the concept. A week later, students were students when presented with a “The students who received assigned to predict the outcome problem-solving task. the seemingly efficient instruction of a new study on memory. An on the path Students received outlines of missed the basic structure of the assessment (based on whether they 12 medical cases — each a single phenomenon that density was a found eight predictors relevant to sheet that described the symptoms ratio,” he said. the lecture) showed that the group to expertise? and diagnosis. They were to diag- When tested later on their abil- that did the summary followed by nose 10 new patients whose cases ity to use the concept to explain the lecture did worst. The group appeared on a computer screen. the stretchiness of trampoline that did graphing and more graph- ognitive research into A great deal is known about They selected tests they wanted fabric, students who were asked ing fared better, but those who did education often focuses improving efficiency, he noted. to run, then entered a diagnosis. to invent the crowdedness index the graphing then had the lecture Con the habits of experts as Memorization, practice through Although graduates and under- were four times more likely to use performed best. opposed to the behavior of nov- problem solving and applying graduates were equally accurate, a ratio. Others who had been told Graphing the data raised ices. However, it takes more than knowledge by practicing in con- the undergrads nearly had finished density is a ratio and were shown students’ innovation, while the understanding efficient problem texts similar to real-world situ- before the grad students diagnosed the ratio to use, failed to transfer lecture nudged them toward solving to put students on the ations all are helpful. Feedback even one case. the idea to the new case. further efficiency. “Then the new path to expertise, said a Stanford also is important to help novices Analysis showed that graduates “This is why I don’t like doing situation extends it so they’re education professor in last month’s improve their performance. created a visual representation — the efficiency first,” Schwartz said. starting to think about it in a new Teaching Excellence Lecture. Educated perception is another making a matrix out of the pages. “It’s going to lead to routine exper- context,” he said. What sort of instruction puts mark of expertise. Experts see in a They had representations to cover tise. They’re just going to apply The graphing activity prepared students on a trajectory toward way that is more precise than what all possible representations they what you tell them and they’re students to learn from the lecture, expertise? And, how do we know novices observe, Schwartz said. might see rather than handling not going to be ready to adapt to he said. Innovation activities instructors are succeeding? That “Experts see precise structures one at a time, as most undergrads a new situation.” create a time for telling, enabling depends on the type of expertise in situations. They go beyond did. The undergraduates tended students to “get” what theories are called for, said Daniel Schwartz, the basic level of interpretation.” to solve each problem individu- Innovation vs. efficiency designed to explain. co-director of the multi-institu- Displaying a photo of a bird, he ally, shuffling through the sheets Does the innovation-first “Instead of just telling them tion Learning in Informal and elaborated: “To me this is a small of paper case by case instead of method come at the expense of the answers, they understand Formal Environments National blue bird. To an expert, it’s an modeling the whole situation. efficiency? what it is that it’s an answer to,” Science Foundation Science of indigo bunting.” The graduates showed a differ- Efficiency-oriented instruc- Schwartz said. “The benefits to Learning Center, in his talk, “Tra- Another aspect of expertise is ent sort of expertise that was not tion can block subsequent adap- this are probably going to appear jectories of Efficiency and Innova- the ability to see structure amid merely efficiency driven, Schwartz tiveness if students pay attention when you assess their abilities to tion in Teaching and Learning,” variation. “It’s not just noticing said. Such behavior demonstrates to solutions instead of problems, adapt understanding to handle hosted by the School of Arts and features, it’s noticing structures prospective adaptation. “They but innovation-oriented instruc- new situations.” Sciences. across many features,” he said. changed the task ahead of time tion does not block subsequent Contrasting cases can help by introducing a representation to efficiency, Schwartz said. Efforts Assessment Routine vs. adaptive expertise students move beyond the basics, help them solve the group. Their to generate a general explanation How can we know which tra- Two dimensions of learning are Schwartz said, offering as an expertise allows them to adapt the prepare students to learn the effi- jectory students are on? Are they needed, Schwartz said: Students example tasting wines side-by-side situation ahead of time.” cient solution more quickly. moving toward adaptive expertise need help initially to progress from to discern their characteristics. Pushing students to seek a It didn’t matter that some or becoming routine experts? novices with routine expertise to Contrasts in the form of negative general explanation that handles students in the innovation group Perhaps the tests need to change, novices with adaptive expertise instances also are helpful. “A lot all cases — even the ones they struggled but didn’t come up Schwartz said. “The problem — with the further goal of put- of times we think the best way to haven’t seen yet — can help them with the answer, Schwartz said. is that our current assessments ting them on the path to being teach is to just show [students] gain adaptive expertise, he said. In the end, students were given are actually measuring routine an adaptive expert high both in the right answer. Sometimes Schwartz cited an experiment the density formula and every- expertise, not adaptive expertise.” innovation as well as efficiency. showing near-misses helps a lot. in which students were shown one practiced several problems. Most often, testing is in the “Adaptive expertise is probably The contrast can help isolate the several simulations in which a “Giving them this chance to inno- form of sequestered problem the better goal for college educa- feature of interest,” Schwartz said, magnet, when moved in various vate doesn’t hurt their subsequent solving (SPS) — the student with tion given that jobs and knowledge noting that anything a student sees ways around a light bulb, turned efficiency if you then tell them the nothing but a No. 2 pencil and a based future will continually can contain infinite information. it on or off. efficient solution,” Schwartz said. bubble form. “This is a great way change. You need to be prepared “The trick is figuring out which One group was pressed to to test efficient knowledge: How to adapt when you go on to the thing is important.” find a single explanation to cover On the path well can you just retrieve and apply informal space of the workplace,” all the cases, while the other was to adaptive expertise this under circumstances without Schwartz noted. Efficiency vs. innovation instructed to predict, observe and How can students be put onto any support?” he said. Routine expertise — defined Efficiency-first instruction explain each instance. the trajectory toward adaptive “This dominates education and as a high level of efficiency at leads to routine expertise and is a Those who were pushed to expertise? feeds into the efficiency mental- performing a recurring task — good approach to instruction for find the “big story” behind the Prepare them for learning first, ity,” Schwartz said, arguing for depends on a stable environment, recurrent tasks in stable environ- first three cases — an inductive Schwartz said. Experts often learn the elimination of that testing but also has a role, Schwartz said. ments, he said. approach — did four times better well from lectures because they environment. “We can’t just teach them effi- However, this sort of instruc- at explaining a subsequent case have sufficient prior knowledge, For example, he described two ciency. We need to prepare them tion can come at the expense of than those who were led in the he pointed out. Novices, because fictional job applicants: Bob, who to adapt and learn new solutions being adaptive, he said, propos- classic hypothetic approach. they often lack that knowledge, took a five-week course in Excel, when they get out there.” ing innovation-first instruction can be harder to engage. and Mike, who doesn’t know Innovation and efficiency may for knowledge that will require The way to adaptive expertise Blaming previous teachers and Excel, but taught himself three be viewed as opposites — such adaptive expertise. When it comes to tradi- lecturing more aren’t the answer, other spreadsheet programs. as the creative person and the In an efficiency-first setting, tional curriculum sequences, he said. “A different way to think In a job interview with a com- drudge, Schwartz said. “That’s just students tend to pay attention to many scientific disciplines are about it is to create ‘a time for pany that uses Excel, Bob is likely not true. We need both.” the facts or formulas being pre- heavy on math and analytical telling.’ See if you can prepare to come out ahead if given an Innovation has its roots in sented. Schwartz said, “The result courses early on, leaving oppor- them so they can make sense of SPS test filled with questions on routine expertise, he said. Part is they don’t go beyond the basic tunities for innovation until much your lecture.” Excel. But in the long run Mike, of being able to come up with level of perception. Additionally, later. Schwartz questioned that In one experiment that tested who understands the underlying an innovative concept is based because you’ve given them the approach. “Should we tell them whether students were prepared principles of spreadsheet software, in mastering a sufficient body of solution, they’ll just solve each what they need to know first, then to learn from a lecture, cognitive may be the better candidate. knowledge. Progressing in inno- problem one at a time with that let them go innovate?” he said. psychology students received a Schwartz said a different kind vation, however, requires a bent solution. They won’t see the “The answer, I think, is no.” homework assignment in which of assessment — one of prepara- for exploration. structure. The consequence is they In a study of 8th graders, one one-third of the group was asked tion for future learning (PFL) in fail to transfer to new situations.” group was taught about density to summarize a book chapter which students are given resources Gaining expertise using a standard tell-and-practice that described classic experi- and tested on what they can learn One aspect of expertise lies in Adaptive expertise approach. Students got an expla- ments using graphs, results and — would be better for discovering becoming increasingly efficient, Adaptive expertise requires nation of the concept and the the relevant theories. The other what students can learn. something that is important for new ways of seeing and under- formula, then were shown solu- two-thirds were assigned to graph “Sequestered problem solv- routine tasks, Schwartz said. He standing, Schwartz said. “You’ve tions to sample density problems the important patterns from sim- ing measures routine expertise, gave the example of learning to got to continually try to come up before being asked to solve more. plified descriptions and data, but efficient retrieval of information. make a left turn while driving a with a new structure.” Another group of students was weren’t told what was important. The PFL measures are the ones stick shift. The task is difficult for While instructing students in instructed to invent a “crowded- Schwartz noted that the graph- measuring the trajectory of adap- novices, but experts can perform contrasting cases can get them ness index” without being taught ing activity featured the concept tive expertise,” he said. the maneuver with ease. beyond the basics, “You also need about density first. of contrasting cases — “because —Kimberly K. Barlow n

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R E S E A R C H N O T E S beginning of the study and at The University Times six, 12, 18 and 24 months. The Research Notes column Snoring, Martica Hall and Karen A. Mat- stage I disease.” 24-month behavioral weight-loss reports on funding awarded insomnia thews of psychiatry, and Patrick Some chemotherapy drugs program includes a reduction to Pitt researchers and on can predict J. Strollo, Oliver Drumheller work especially well on cells that in calorie intake and moderate- findings arising from Uni- metabolic and Steven E. Reis of medicine. exhibit reduced DNA repair, but to-vigorous intensity exercise, versity research. syndrome they are typically given in later- progressively increasing from 100 We welcome submis- stage disease. The new findings to 250 minutes per week. A School of Medicine study DNA repair in sions from all areas of the suggest, however, that these Subjects will be randomized to found loud snoring and two breast cancer University. Submit informa- approaches could be effective in receive the standard intervention common insomnia symptoms — studied tion via email to: utimes@ treating early stage disease, she or the enhanced intervention that difficulty falling asleep and unre- Breast cancers that arise spo- pitt.edu, by fax to 412/624- noted. includes state-of-the-art technol- freshing sleep — each significantly radically, rather than through 4579 or by campus mail to Co-authors included Jennifer ogies. These technologies will be predicted the development of inheritance of certain genes, 308 Bellefield Hall. M. Johnson, Crystal M. Kelly, implemented from months 7-24 metabolic syndrome. The findings likely start with defects of DNA For submission guide- Tiffany D. Miles, Kelly A. Beau- and include daily text messaging are reported in the December issue repair mechanisms that allow lines, visit www.utimes.pitt. drey-Rodgers and Nancy A. Lal- prompts to reinforce adherence of SLEEP, the official publication environmentally triggered muta- edu/?page_id=6807. anne of the Latimer laboratory; to the behavioral intervention and of the Associated Professional tions to accumulate, according to Victor G. Vogel of medicine and a monitor that is worn to provide Sleep Societies. researchers at the School of Medi- epidemiology; Amal Kanbour- real-time feedback on energy allergists at the hospital provided Lead author Wendy M. cine, Magee-Womens Hospital Shakir of pathology; Joseph L. expenditure and achievement of flu vaccines containing the highest Troxel, a faculty member in psy- and the University of Pittsburgh Kelley of obstetrics, gynecology daily physical activity goals. content of egg protein available chiatry and psychology, said: “This Cancer Institute. and reproductive sciences; Ronald For more information about and found that the vaccine was well study shows us that a broader The findings, reported recently R. Johnson of surgery, and Ste- the study, call 412/488-4184. tolerated in egg-allergic children. array of commonly reported sleep in the early online edition of the phen G. Grant of environmental Results of the study by Greg- symptoms, including insomnia Proceedings of the National and occupational health. ory Owens and Andrew J. Mac- and sleep-disordered breathing Academy of Sciences, indicate that Flu shots OK The research was funded by Ginnitie were published online in symptoms, predict the develop- potent chemotherapy drugs that for kids with the National Institutes of Health, the Journal of Allergy and Clinical ment of metabolic syndrome, a key target DNA in later-stage cancers egg allergies the U.S. Department of Defense, Immunology. risk factor for cardiovascular dis- could be an effective way to treat Children with egg allergies the Pennsylvania Department of For this study, Children’s used ease. It was rather striking that the the earliest of breast tumors. may be able to receive influenza Health, the Komen for the Cure the Sanofi-Pasteur seasonal and effects of difficulty falling asleep Recent research has focused vaccination if properly adminis- Awards and the American Cancer H1N1 vaccines, which contain and loud snoring were largely on familial breast cancers, in part tered, according to a Children’s Society. the highest levels of egg protein independent of one another.” because the predisposing genes Hospital study. According to the National have been well characterized and During the 2009-10 flu season, CONTINUED ON PAGE 14 Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, women at risk can be identified, Weight loss metabolic syndrome is a group of said Jean J. Latimer, a faculty study funded obesity-related risk factors that member in obstetrics, gynecol- Can text messaging and tech- increases an individual’s risk of ogy and reproductive sciences. nology help young adults lose heart disease, diabetes and stroke. But these cases only comprise 15 weight? Pitt’s Physical Activity and A person with at least three of these percent of the 190,000 breast can- Weight Management Research five risk factors is considered to cers that are diagnosed every year. Center will investigate the notion have metabolic syndrome: excess Research on sporadic breast through the IDEA (Innovative abdominal fat, high triglycerides, cancer has involved the use of Approaches to Diet, Exercise low HDL cholesterol, high blood available cell lines derived from and Activity) study, one of seven pressure and high blood sugar. late-stage tumors, but most newly clinical trials to be funded by the Analyses of these five indi- diagnosed tumors in the United National Institutes of Health’s vidual components of metabolic States are stage I, the earliest form (NIH) National Heart, Lung and syndrome revealed that loud of invasive disease. Blood Institute with a total of $36 snoring significantly predicted “Our team is able to grow stage million over five years. the development of high blood I breast cancer cells — before they NIH’s Early Adult Reduction sugar and low HDL cholesterol. have spread to adjacent tissues of Weight through Lifestyle Inter- Difficulty falling asleep and and lymph nodes — allowing us vention (EARLY) Trials seek to unrefreshing sleep did not predict to examine the mechanisms that prevent weight gain and promote any of the individual metabolic underlie cancer development in weight loss among young adults abnormalities. people who didn’t inherit a faulty — ages 18-35 — through healthy The study involved 812 partici- gene,” Latimer said. “The advent eating and physical activity. Few pants ages 45-74. Individuals who of innovative tissue engineering studies have examined how to were classified as having metabolic techniques has finally made it pos- effectively engage this high-risk syndrome or diabetes at baseline sible for us to culture these cells to age group in achieving and main- were excluded from the analyses. determine what has gone wrong.” taining a healthy weight. During the three-year follow-up In earlier work, she and her Conducted at universities period, 14 percent of participants colleagues found that breast tissue throughout the United States, developed metabolic syndrome. does not repair everyday damage the trials will incorporate such “Our results show that the risk to DNA as well as other tissues, technologies as text messaging, of developing metabolic syndrome such as skin. Ultraviolet light, for online social networking and over a three-year follow-up period example, can cause mutations, Bluetooth-enabled scales as part was more than two times higher in but a sophisticated system of of their weight-loss efforts. adults who reported frequent loud nucleotide excision repair (NER) John Jakicic, chair of the snoring,” noted Troxel. “This risk proteins trolls the DNA strands Department of Health and Physi- also was increased by 80 percent to identify problems and initi- cal Activity in the School of Educa- in adults who reported having ate repair processes. The same tion and director of the Physical difficulty falling asleep and by 70 system repairs damage caused by Activity and Weight Management percent in those who reported many environmental carcinogens, Research Center, said: “We’re that their sleep was unrefreshing.” including tobacco smoke. really excited about using technol- Further analysis showed that “Even in healthy breast tissue, ogy to enhance our weight-loss unrefreshing sleep was reduced to this system is only about one- and physical-activity studies. We marginal significance with addi- fifth as effective as it is in skin,” think these technology enhance- tional adjustment for loud snoring. Latimer noted. “This deficiency ments will significantly improve However, both loud snoring and could set the stage for sporadic this age group’s overall health.” difficulty falling asleep remained cancer development, with the IDEA will test whether an significant independent predic- risk increasing with age as DNA enhanced weight-loss interven- tors of metabolic syndrome. “We damage accumulates.” tion with the use of text messaging believe these results emphasize For the study, the researchers reminders and wearable exercise the importance of screening for grew and assessed 19 sporadic, monitors improves weight loss common sleep complaints in rou- stage I breast tumors placed into in young adults compared to a tine clinical practice,” said Troxel. culture directly from surgeries standard behavioral weight-loss Loud snoring continued to predict to test their NER pathways. In intervention. Researchers will the development of metabolic every case, there was a deficiency examine these interventions on syndrome even after accounting in repair capacity compared to changes in body composition, for the number of metabolic risk disease-free breast tissue. body-fat distribution, fitness, factors present at baseline. Troxel “That is a remarkably consis- physical activity, dietary intake and suggests that these findings “may tent feature for cancers that might behavioral/psychosocial measures implicate loud snoring as a causal otherwise seem random in their that may be predictive of behavior risk factor for adverse cardiovascu- genesis,” Latimer noted. “We change. lar and metabolic changes.” rarely see a universal rule when it The IDEA study will involve Co-authors of the study comes to breast cancer, but then 480 overweight and obese young included Daniel J. Buysse, until now, we have rarely studied adults who will be assessed at the

13 U N I V E R S I T Y TIMES

R E S E A R C H N O T E S year international research and of the Reproduction & Healthy community intervention effort Pregnancy research cluster at CONTINUED FROM PAGE 13 funded by the Bill and Melinda CFRI. among available vaccines. The The project, coordinated by criminal investigations’ training. Gates Foundation (BMGF). Led by von Dadelszen, the vaccine was administered in a two- the FBI, pairs law enforcement His background includes 18 years PRE–EMPT is being led by PRE–EMPT team of research- step process, giving 10 percent officials with academic researchers of professional law enforcement researchers at the University of ers, physicians and community of the vaccine initially and then who have experience with hostage experience. He also worked as British Columbia (UBC) and the health professionals from Canada, observing the patient for allergic situations. Gaskew’s experience in a member of the Southeast Asia Child & Family Research Institute the United States, Africa, Asia, reaction for up to 30 minutes hostage situations and negotia- counterterrorism/counterdrug (CFRI). Roberts’s database initia- Oceania, the United Kingdom before providing the remaining tions as a law enforcement officer task force in the Republic of the tive is one of five projects within and the World Health Orga- 90 percent of the vaccine. dealing with drug trafficking in Philippines. PRE–EMPT. nization (WHO) will develop Children’s researchers gave South Florida led to his involve- He later served as a detective “By using a strategy that has and implement a set of clinical a total of 96 vaccinations to 64 ment. in a special operations unit, where been quite successful in study- guidelines tailored for lower- and patients and observed four mild The Global Hostage-Taking he was assigned to an organized ing cardiovascular disease and middle-income countries. The allergic reactions, including and Analysis Project (GHosT- crime drug enforcement task force cancer, we will bring together data, underlying cause and potential redness and rashes. No patients RAP) is now in its second phase, working with the U.S. Attorney’s blood, urine and other biological new community-based treatments developed anaphylaxis. “It’s reas- which focuses on domestic and Office, U.S. Drug Enforcement samples from study groups around for pre-eclampsia also will be suring that even using these higher school violence. During the first Administration, Internal Rev- the world to gain rapid insight into investigated. egg protein-content vaccines, no phase, researchers compiled infor- enue Service, U.S. Customs, FBI pre-eclampsia and its treatment,” Other PRE–EMPT projects patients developed anaphylaxis,” mation on hostage situations that and the Florida Department of said Roberts. “These samples cur- are: said Owens, an allergist/immu- arose from drug trafficking. Law Enforcement, conducting rently come from developed coun- • A clinical trial of pre-preg- nologist. The research protocol involves wiretap and conspiracy investiga- tries, but the BMGF has 50,000 nancy and early pregnancy cal- “While current guidelines interviewing actual hostage takers. tions targeting violent criminal women in pregnancy studies, and cium supplementation in women recommend against vaccinating The final result will be a data- organizations. we plan to begin collections at sites with low calcium intake and at children with egg allergy, the base that law enforcement officials in developing countries. Also, we high risk for pre-eclampsia in their risk is not clear or fully under- can access to help them know what will extend our studies to other next pregnancy. The goal of this stood. The results of our and is likely to occur in a given hostage Program pregnancy complications, such as South African and Zimbabwean other studies indicate that using situation or help them decode who to target preterm birth and stillbirth, that trial is to determine whether or not the two-step protocol allows egg might be holding someone and pre-eclampsia have great impact in low- and pre- and early-pregnancy calcium allergic patients to safely receive where, based on the histories of James Roberts, a faculty middle-income countries by using supplementation prevents both the influenza vaccination,” said criminal organizations. member in obstetrics, gynecol- data and samples especially rel- the diagnosis and consequences Owens. “Families of children with “It provides another piece of ogy and reproductive sciences evant to women in these settings.” of pre-eclampsia. egg allergy should consider vacci- information to assess a hostage at the School of Medicine and Hypertensive disorders com- • A study to develop and vali- nation using this protocol because situation,” Gaskew said. That researcher at Magee-Womens plicate 5-10 percent of preg- date tools to better identify, diag- influenza causes significant mor- information will be all the more Research Institute (MWRI), will nancies and can lead to serious nose and assess risks in order to bidity and mortality every season.” valuable for small or rural law help lead a multi-project program maternal and fetal illness or death. accelerate triage and transport to enforcement agencies that don’t to prevent and treat the pregnancy Pre-eclampsia, the most serious centers where women will receive have experienced SWAT teams complication pre-eclampsia. He of these disorders, is the second effective and evidence-based treat- UPB aiding or hostage negotiators. also will head a component project leading cause of maternal death ment. This care will avert the FBI hostage With the rise in drug violence that attempts to create a database worldwide, resulting in up to adverse maternal and perinatal database in Mexico along the United of biological samples from women 76,000 maternal deaths each year. consequences of pre-eclampsia. Pitt-Bradford criminal justice States border, this information around the world. “That translates into the • A study to test the impact of faculty member Tony Gaskew is “is needed more than ever now,” Roberts is the senior adviser death of one mother every seven a community-level care program taking part in a two-year research he said. to the executive committee of minutes, and 99 percent of these for reducing adverse maternal project to create a database to help Gaskew is a certified police PRE-eclampsia–Eclampsia Moni- deaths occur in lower- and middle- and perinatal outcomes related law enforcement handle hostage academy instructor and has more toring, Prevention and Treatment income countries,” said UBC’s to pre-eclampsia. This program situations. than 2,000 hours of specialized (PRE–EMPT), a $7 million, four- Peter von Dadelszen, co-director CONTINUED ON PAGE 15

14 DECEMBER 9, 2010

R E S E A R C H N O T E S ruptcy rate of 15.9 percent is much ing, eye contact, calling them by higher than in other industries. name, etc.) professors used and CONTINUED FROM PAGE 14 For example, the bankruptcy rate how frequently the students sent will be tailored to different levels ies will reveal novel biological Irvin, postdoctoral researchers in the pharmaceutical industry is and received texts in class (about of care in four South Asian and patterns and lead to follow-up Daniela Bogorin and Cheng 4.7 percent. three of each in a 45-minute class). sub-Saharan countries. projects to better understand Cen and graduate student Yanjun Shang and her colleagues Wei said in-class texting mainly is • A knowledge translation individual protein-protein inter- Ma, all of physics and astronomy. examined software-company data between students and close family group to update the relevant actions and their involvement in The Nature Photonics paper collected between 1995 and 2007 members for entertainment, and WHO guidelines. disease pathology. is available at www.news.pitt.edu/ from 870 firms. The collaborators friends and boyfriends/girlfriends • Robert Gibbs received a sites/default/files/documents/ looked at three aspects of internal for affection. Robots safely three-year, $400,000 grant from LevyNanoPhotonics.pdf. business capabilities — market- The researchers hypothesized aid pancreas the National Science Foundation ing, operating and research and that there would be a relationship surgery to study the role of a cell mem- Nursing development. between the professor’s com- Robotic-assisted surgery for brane protein called GPR30 in student success They also examined two types munication immediacy and the complex pancreatic procedures estrogen-mediated effects on cho- studied of competitive actions: those that students’ texting behavior. But can be performed safely in a high- linergic function and cognition. Pitt-Bradford nursing faculty were innovation-related (prod- analysis showed that the profes- volume facility, according to a • Song Li received a $114,000 member Jean Truman recently uct and marketing actions) and sors’ behaviors do not affect stu- study published recently online grant from the U.S. Department presented research on predictors those that were resource-related dents’ use of text messaging during in Archives of Surgery, one of the of Defense for research to develop of nursing student success on (capacity and scale expansion, class, due to students’ addiction JAMA/Archives journals. a nanotechnology-based targeted the NCLEX (National Council operations, service, mergers and and habitual use of texting. Complex pancreatic surgery therapy for the treatment of breast Licensure Examination) state acquisition). They found that a Not surprisingly, the research- remains the final frontier for use cancer. board nursing licensure exam. higher operating capability has ers found students who were heavy of minimally invasive procedures, In her work, “First Gen- the greatest influence on a soft- text messaging users in general according to James Moser and Flu vaccine eration Student Preparedness for ware firm’s chance of survival. also were heavy text users during Herb Zeh, co-directors of the research NCLEX-RN Success,” presented Firms with a greater emphasis on class. UPMC Pancreatic Cancer Center funded recently at the “Meeting the innovation-related competitive “When somebody’s already and the study’s corresponding Department of Microbiology Challenges of the 21st-Century actions have a greater likelihood addicted to texting, you cannot authors. and Molecular Genetics faculty Classroom” conference at Penn of survival, and this likelihood easily change their behaviors just “There are two challenges member Ted M. Ross of the State-Shenango, Truman focused increases when the firms also have because of their professors’ verbal when attempting minimally Center for Vaccine Research has on whether the NCLEX scores of higher marketing and operating and nonverbal immediacy,” Wei invasive procedures for complex been awarded a $946,000 contract first-generation college students abilities. said, explaining that many profes- pancreatic surgeries,” said Moser. from the nonprofit organization differed from others’. The researchers divided the sors feel that students texting in “The first challenge is con- PATH to advance research on She found that first-generation software industry into three their classes must be their fault trolling bleeding from major universal influenza vaccines that students (who make up about subsections: one that included — that they somehow are failing blood vessels. The second is the can elicit coverage across influenza one-third of college students desktop suites and other business- to engage students. reconstruction of the ducts in the strains. nationwide, but two-thirds of enabling software; another that That’s not the case, Wang said. liver and pancreas. While recent The collaborative project will Pitt-Bradford nursing students) included video games and graphics “Our research tells professors to data [have]suggested that com- focus on H1N1 and H5N1 and use do not score much differently software, and one that included ‘take it easy’ as once a student plex pancreatic operations can a class of antigens that are broadly on the NCLEX than non-first- operating systems and security established the habit of texting, be performed laparoscopically, reactive against current and future generation students. programs. it is overwhelmingly powerful this approach requires that criti- strains of influenza. However, she found character- Depending on their sectors, in his or her everyday behaviors, cal technical principles of open The goal of the 18-month istics of first-generation students software businesses need a slightly including in the classroom.” pancreatic surgery be modified project is to initiate research to that can make it harder for those different approach to invest- Wei said the behavior is like to overcome the limitations of support the development of strong students to succeed in college. ments, said Shang. Firms pro- that of “looking at a watch” — just the technology, such as limited influenza vaccine candidates with “They often have greater ducing games, for example, must something students do. range of instrument motion, poor the potential to be accessible family responsibilities and are emphasize marketing, whereas • Sociology faculty member surgeon ergonomics and reduced and affordable for low-resource likely to work more than 20 hours companies making products with Michael Klausner recently pre- dexterity.” countries in an influenza outbreak. each week. They are more likely a long life cycle (such as operating sented a paper about teens’ use of For this study, the research- to attend a local college and less systems) must focus on operating texting devices at the Pennsylva- ers report their experiences likely to complete their degrees on abilities and research and develop- nia Sociological Society’s annual with 30 patients who underwent Nano light time,” she said. Also, they relate ment. Traditional software com- meeting. robotic-assisted pancreatic resec- sensor having greater academic and social panies, those producing desktop Klausner’s paper, titled “The tion between October 2008 and developed challenges, Truman said, adding applications, should follow a Ubiquitous Use of Electronic February 2010. According to the Pitt researchers have created that it is important for these first- strategy somewhere between these Devices by Teens for Communi- researchers, the length of surgery a nanoscale light sensor that can generation students to receive two approaches. cation and Learning: An Interdis- time, duration of hospital stay and be combined with near-atomic- additional academic support to “Our research underscores the ciplinary Analysis,” discussed the follow-up complications were all size electronic circuitry to pro- help them succeed. importance of operating capabil- effects that teens’ frequent use of consistent with those observed in duce hybrid optic and electronic Truman’s study was an expan- ity in the software industry,” said electronic devices may have on large groups of patients undergo- devices with new functionality. sion of the research she did for Shang. “Managers of knowledge- their learning, identity, attention ing open procedures. The team, which also involved her doctoral dissertation, which based firms often emphasize big span, interpersonal relationships “As robotic-assisted pancreatic researchers from the University focused on predictors of student ideas (innovation). Our study and tendency toward bullying. surgery continues to evolve, we of Wisconsin-Madison, reports success on the NCLEX. shows that operational efficiency Research has shown that it is may be able to reduce operative in Nature Photonics that the is even more important for firm not uncommon for teens to send times,” said Zeh. “Ideally, we development overcomes one of survival. Also, competitive strate- as many as 2,000 text messages a believe robotic-assisted pancreatic nanotechnology’s most daunting Software gies and dynamic actions will have month, he said, noting that the use surgeries could lead to shorter challenges. industry more impact if they are supported of electronic devices for many has hospital stays, fewer wound and The group, led by physics success studied by strong capabilities. In short, to become an essential part of their lung-related complications and and astronomy faculty member Throughout the 1990s and improve performance and com- identity and has led to dependence decreased recovery time for Jeremy Levy, fashioned a pho- 2000s, news about 20-somethings petitiveness, software companies — if not a downright addiction — patients.” tonic device less than 4 nanome- becoming billionaires from the should focus on synergies between to the technology. ters wide, enabling on-demand sale of their software companies firm capabilities and strategic Klausner discussed research photonic interaction with objects flooded the media, giving the actions.” indicating that both teens and Pharmacy as small as single molecules or impression that a good idea was all adults process material that is read researchers quantum dots. it took to succeed in the software from computer monitors differ- awarded funds In another first, the tiny device industry. UPB faculty ently than they process what is read The School of Pharmacy can be tuned electrically to change Jennifer Shang, a business study txt from a printed page. In addition, announced funding has been its sensitivity to different colors in management faculty member in Text messaging has been the he noted that while bullying always awarded for the following research the visible spectrum, which may the Joseph M. Katz Graduate subject of recent study by several has been common among teens, projects by pharmaceutical sci- forgo the need for the separate School of Business, along with Pitt-Bradford researchers. electronic modes of communica- ences faculty: light filters other sensors typically colleagues from McGill Univer- • Fang-Yi Flora Wei, a faculty tion have allowed it to be done • Alexander Doemling require. sity and the Georgia Institute of member in broadcast communica- around the clock and without the received a three-year, $1 million The researchers produced the Technology, investigated what tions, and Y. Ken Wang, a faculty immediate consequences of such grant from the National Institutes photonic devices via a rewritable caused software companies to member in computer information behavior. of Health for his research “Pro- nanoelectronics platform devel- succeed or fail. Their research systems and technology, published He also discussed research tein-Protein Interaction Directed oped in Levy’s lab that works like study, “Why Do Software Firms “Students’ Silent Messages: Can that shows declines in “emotional Libraries.” Protein interactions a microscopic Etch A Sketch, the Fail? Capabilities, Competitive Teacher Verbal and Nonverbal intelligence,” civility and attention are involved in all disease-relevant drawing toy that initially inspired Actions and Firm Survival in the Immediacy Moderate Student Use span among teens who send and pathways and are important for the him. Software Industry From 1995 of Text Messaging in Class?” in the receive a large number of text future design of drugs to address “These results may enable to 2007,” has been published in fall issue of the scholarly journal messages. unmet medical needs, such as new possibilities for devices that the journal Information Systems Communication Education. The His preliminary research diabetes, cancer and Alzheimer’s can sense optical properties at Research. article examines the relationship indicates that children who are disease. the nanoscale and deliver this Because of low entry and between in-class texting and pro- home-schooled text-message their This effort will develop librar- information in electronic form,” exit barriers and low marginal- fessors’ teaching behaviors. friends at a significantly lower rate ies of new, diverse and biologically Levy said. production cost, new-product The researchers surveyed than those who are not home- inspired compounds that encour- Other Pitt researchers involved development takes place rapidly in 228 Pitt-Bradford students, schooled. He intends to determine age or discourage interactions on the team were postdoctoral the software industry, said Shang. asking them about what levels what factors are responsible for between proteins. The librar- researcher and lead author Patrick However, the industry’s bank- of immediacy behavior (smil- such a difference. n

15 U N I V E R S I T Y TIMES

Kenneth Scott McCarty Paul Richard McCormick A memorial service was held medical education committee in Former engineering faculty Later, McCormick was part of and bell choir and volunteered at Nov. 27 for Kenneth Scott the Pitt medical school. member Paul Richard McCor- a research team that developed the the Monroeville Mall Ministry McCarty, a faculty member He retained his tenured posi- mick died Nov. 26, 2010, at first artificial heart valve. “Talk Shop” booth. He also was in pathology and medicine. tion at Pitt’s medical school but Cedars Community Hospice in He worked summers for involved with the Community McCarty, 62, died Oct. 15, 2010, lost his clinical privileges as a Monroeville. He was 85. Westinghouse and West Penn Family Club in cooperation with of cancer. pathologist at Magee-Womens McCormick received a BS Power and taught courses for the Campfire USA. McCarty graduated from Duke Hospital after filing a lawsuit in in electrical engineering from Westinghouse educational center, McCormick crocheted hun- University and Duke University 2004 alleging that errors at the Cornell University and earned his Duquesne Light and Cleveland dreds of afghans for nursing home Medical School and later practiced hospital led to mislabeling of MSEE and PhD at Pitt. aircraft parts manufacturer Jack residents, hospitalized veterans at Duke as a faculty member in laboratory tests and misidenti- He served on the Pitt engi- & Heinz Co. and single mothers with new internal medicine/endocrinology fication of patients. He claimed neering faculty 1947-87. From Outside the University, babies. He also was known for and pathology. hospital officials threatened and 1962 to 1964 he developed and McCormick was active in the his holiday cookie-baking skills. McCarty was hired here in intimidated doctors who raised taught a graduate-level electrical United Methodist Church, serv- Marlin Mickle of the Depart- December 1992 as a professor concerns about the matter. engineering program at Santa ing in the denomination’s western ment of Electrical and Com- of pathology with a secondary He is survived by his wife, Maria University in Chile. Pennsylvania annual conference puter Engineering remembered appointment in medicine; in 2003 otolaryngology faculty member He was named director of the in various capacities including its McCormick as helpful, humble he transferred departments with a Berrylin J. Ferguson, and children School of Engineering’s lower Board of Higher Education, per- and good with people. Although primary appointment in medicine Scott, Justin, Berryhill, Winston division programs in 1968 and sonnel committee and as an annual McCormick’s extensive involve- and secondary appointment in and Merriweather. served as acting chair of the elec- conference delegate. He served ment in church and volunteer pathology. The family requested memo- trical engineering department as president of the Wilkinsburg work was an integral part of who He was a former assistant dean rial gifts be made to organizations 1977-79. He was a member of, and Council of Churches and was choir he was, he didn’t make a point of for graduate medical education “investigating rare diseases or the adviser to, Tau Beta Pi engineering director and a Christian educa- talking about it to others, Mickle and former chair of the graduate ethical care of patients.” n honor society. tion teacher for many years at the said. Garden City United Methodist In the department, “He was the Church in Monroeville. glue that kept the undergraduate After retiring he continued to curriculum together,” Mickle said, Harry W. Sartain direct the church’s chancel choir recalling McCormick’s fatherly Former director of Falk School house, increased the utilization Prior to coming to Pitt, Sartain attitude toward his students. “He Harry W. Sartain died Nov. 24, of Falk as a Pitt research site and taught general education courses was always here for them,” he 2010, at age 90. Sartain also was established the school’s annual at the University of Minnesota. said, adding that McCormick was a professor emeritus of education, fund. He also taught at a Pennsylvania always willing to offer a listening serving as a faculty member and Much of Sartain’s research state prison for several years and ear, whether for a school-related administrator in the Department focused on vocabulary develop- was a volunteer with the Audubon issue or other concern. “His office of Instruction and Learning fol- ment, language skills and content Society. door was always open,” Mickle lowing his Falk School tenure. He reading. He was active in the Sartain is survived by his said. retired in 1991. International Reading Association daughter Noelle; his sister Mary Professor emeritus Ronald Friends and former students and authored several books on Etta Loy; three grandchildren, and G. Hoelzeman said McCormick remembered Sartain as a kind reading and language arts, includ- six great-grandchildren. was a father figure not only to and thoughtful mentor who was ing “English Is Our Language Memorial contributions may undergraduates, but to many knowledgeable, wise, available K-6,” “Modern English in Action be made to the National Wildlife new faculty as well. “He provided and supportive, and a dedicated 7-12” and “Modular Preparation Federation, www.nwf.org, or the stability in times of change and educator who held students to for Teaching Reading: A Profes- Audubon Society, 100 Wildwood turmoil,” Hoelzeman said. “Paul high standards. sional Program for Preservice and Way, Harrisburg, PA 17110. had been there for so many years that he knew all of the ins and outs Marian L. Vollmer, clinical Continuing Education.” —Peter Hart n Paul McCormick associate professor at the School of the University and how to get of Education, first met Sartain things done.” when she was a student-teacher McCormick is survived by at Falk School in 1972. “As an Maurice A. Shapiro his wife, Lodi; children Gregory administrator, Dr. Sartain was Professor emeritus of envi- were invaluable to me and count- Shapiro is survived by his daugh- McCormick (a University Library knowledgeable in cutting-edge ronmental health engineering less others.” ters Karla, Deborah and Lisa; System staffer), Scott McCormick educational theory and practice. Maurice A. Shapiro died Nov. 10, Shapiro’s son Joel said, “The his son Mark; his sister Ruth; 12 and Deborah Akey; his brother His leadership of the faculty was 2010, in Portland, Ore. He was 93. stories I am hearing from people grandchildren, and five great- David; stepchildren Daryl Master demonstrated in his attention An early faculty hire at the who knew my father for a long grandchildren. and Terry Ziolkowski; 11 grand- to detail,” said Vollmer, who fledgling Graduate School of time all have a common thread: Memorial donations may be children; 16 great-grandchildren, taught at Falk for three decades. Public Health, Shapiro — Moshe one of caring and giving. Whether made to the MIT David J. Shapiro and many nieces and nephews. “Throughout his professional to his friends and colleagues — was it was a personal issue or a public Memorial Fund, MIT Office of Memorial gifts may be made life, Dr. Sartain was an exemplary remembered as a leader in the health issue, he thought of the Memorial Gifts, 600 Memorial to the Garden City United Meth- model of a dedicated educator that burgeoning environmental health other person first. When there Drive, MIT Room W98-516, odist Church, 500 Laurel Dr., touched lives across a wide range program, coming to Pitt in 1951 was a local public health crisis or Cambridge, MA 02139. Monroeville 15146. n of individuals. I truly admired his from the American Public Health problem, my father was always —Peter Hart n —Kimberly K. Barlow passion for education.” Association as assistant professor available to help.” Serving as its director from of sanitary engineering. He was Shapiro earned a bachelor 1960 to 1972, Sartain is credited named associate professor in 1958, of arts in biology in 1941 from WPIC opens 1st inpatient unit with advancing the mission of Falk professor in 1965 and professor Johns Hopkins University and as a laboratory school and a dem- emeritus upon his retirement in during World War II served in for children with bipolar disorder onstration center for elementary 1982. the United Nations Relief and Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic (WPIC) has opened and secondary teachers and School During his Pitt career Shapiro Rehabilitation Administration in the nation’s only inpatient unit dedicated to serving children with of Education teachers-in-training. also held a joint appointment as the former Yugoslavia. He earned bipolar disorder, the Inpatient Child and Adolescent Bipolar Ser- During that period, Falk a professor of urban affairs in the a master’s of engineering from the vices (in-CABS). School began an aggressive Graduate School of Public and University of California-Berkeley Up to 15 percent of school-aged children seen at psychiatric recruitment of minority students International Affairs (GSPIA). in 1949. facilities and approximately one-third of children discharged from and introduced several academic Fellow public health professor Widely published in broad psychiatric hospitals fit the diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorder. initiatives, including new curricu- emeritus Julian Andelman credits environmental health areas, Symptoms include mood swings that may include recurrent cycles of lar models in science and social Shapiro with developing joint- Shapiro’s special research inter- depression and mania, changes in levels of activity and functioning, studies and “vertical enrichment degree programs in public works est focused on environmental inappropriate social behavior, hyper-sexuality, sleep and appetite units” for advanced students. engineering and environmental conservation, especially regarding changes, difficulty with concentration and racing thoughts. In 1966 Sartain developed an health planning with GSPIA and physiological aspects of drinking All children under the age of 18 who are admitted to the WPIC organizational design plan for the the School of Engineering. water quality. emergency department for a bipolar diagnosis are screened at in- school, labeled “The Personal- “Moshe was a superb col- He was a registered profes- CABS. Parents or caregivers of children who arrive at the emer- ized Progress Plan,” to enable league, friend and leader of the sional engineer in Pennsylvania, gency department complete a Child Mania Rating Scale, which is teachers to focus more sharply environmental health program, a diplomate of the American a tool that reviews both past and current manic symptoms when on the individual differences of who had a long-standing and fruit- Academy of Environmental Engi- assessing for bipolar disorder. The scale also includes questions children. Features of the plan ful relationship with the Allegheny neering and held membership in a about family psychiatric history, the strongest predictor of bipolar included multi-age grouping, County Health Department,” number of professional societies. disorder in children. The in-CABS team then does its own assess- team-teaching and non-graded Andelman recalled. He also served as the founda- ment to confirm the diagnosis. student progress reports. Class- “He encouraged me and other tion director of the Westernport The Child and Adolescent Bipolar Services, an outpatient clinic room assignments were tailored to faculty to similarly reach out to Bay Environmental Study in at WPIC directed by Boris Birmaher and David Axelson, has served provide heterogeneity and classes practitioners in our areas, and our Melbourne, Australia, and was children with bipolar disorders regionally and nationally for more were balanced with respect to students benefited enormously the founding president of Associ- than a decade and now is coordinating efforts with the in-CABS general academic ability. from such activities in the devel- ated Teachers of Environmental program to connect bipolar youth with ongoing bipolar disorder Sartain also oversaw the con- opment of their own careers. His Health. research studies. n struction of the school’s green- counsel, wisdom and perspective In addition to his son Joel,

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P E O P L E O F T H E T I M E S The People of the Times column features recent news on faculty and staff, including awards and other honors, accomplishments and administra- Three Pitt administrators, as the pastor of for schizophrenia, the factors that tive appointments. including Chancellor Mark St. Paul AME lead to clinical symptoms and the We welcome submissions from all areas of the University. Send informa- Nordenberg, have been named Church in Pitts- importance of early interventions tion via email to: [email protected], by fax at 412/624-4579 or by campus mail to 308 Bellefield Hall. to Gov.-elect Tom Corbett’s burgh in coun- to prevent the progression of the For submission guidelines, visit www.utimes.pitt.edu/?page_id=6807. transition team. seling, mentor- illness. Corbett selected 400 people ing and listen- ments. to identify sources of student dif- to serve on 17 committees that ing to others in Pamela Smithburger, a fac- Currently, Bryce is director ficulties in learning physics both will examine 25 state departments times in need. ulty member in of degree-granting programs at the introductory and advanced and agencies and help formulate The award was bestowed by the Department in clinical research and associ- levels, and to design, implement policy, choose key personnel and the Dignity and Respect Cam- of Pharmacy ate director of degree-granting and assess curricula/pedagogies recommend ways to cut costs. paign, which is designed to join and Therapeu- programs in medical education that may reduce these difficulties. Nordenberg will co-chair the individuals, community leaders, tics, has been at Pitt’s Institute for Clinical The objective is to enable students education committee. community organizations, educa- appointed Research Education. She also is a to develop critical thinking skills Also appointed to the transi- tional institutions, businesses and chair-elect of core faculty member of the Center and to become good problem tion team were Jerome Cochran, corporations under the principle the safety com- for Research on Health Care at solvers and independent learners. executive vice chancellor and that everyone deserves dignity mittee of the the School of Medicine; an affili- general counsel, who will serve on and respect. clinical pharmacy and pharma- ate faculty member of the Center Salomé Skvirsky-Aguilera, a the budget, pensions and revenue Ruffin also is a mentor through cology section of the Society of for Bioethics and Health Law; a newly minted PhD in English, is committee, and Everette James, Amachi Pittsburgh, where she Critical Care Medicine. faculty member in medicine, and the recipient of the 2010 Eduardo associate vice chancellor for health guides children who have an a secondary faculty member of the Lozano Memorial Dissertation policy and planning and former incarcerated parent. Bernard D. Goldstein, a fac- Clinical and Translational Science Prize, sponsored by the Center secretary of the Pennsylvania ulty member in the Department Institute. for Latin American Studies. The Department of Health, who will Janet L. Grady, chair of the of Environmen- prize is awarded annually for serve on the health and aging Division of Nursing and Health tal and Occupa- Chandralekha Singh, a fac- the best doctoral dissertation at committee. Sciences at Pitt-Johnstown, has tional Health and ulty member in the Department of Pitt on a topic related to Latin been selected for fellowship in former Graduate Physics and Astronomy, has been America, the Caribbean or Latin Computer science faculty the American Academy of Nurs- School of Public named chair of the editorial board American communities in other member Panos K. Chrysanthis ing. Grady was one of 116 nurse Health dean, has of Physical Review Special Topics- countries. It carries a cash award was selected as leaders nationally inducted into been appointed to Physics Education Research. of $1,250, which is co-funded by a 2010 Distin- the academy last month. chair an ad hoc committee that will Singh is a frequent contributor contributions from the Depart- guished Scien- Criteria for fellowship include conduct a study to help define the to the journal. ment of Hispanic Languages and tist of the Asso- evidence of significant contribu- U.S. Environmental Protection The goal of Singh’s research is CONTINUED ON PAGE 18 ciation of Com- tions to nursing and health care. Agency’s (EPA) efforts to incor- puting Machin- Grady, who in July was named porate sustainability concepts into ery (ACM), the interim vice president for Aca- its programs. world’s largest demic Affairs at the Johnstown The study’s goal is to build educational and scientific comput- campus, joined Pitt-Johnstown on existing sustainability efforts ing society. Chrysanthis is the first in 2007 as director of the nurs- in the EPA by strengthening Pitt faculty member to receive this ing program, having taught in the analytic and scientific basis distinction. the program from 1993 to 2000. for sustainability as it applies to The Distinguished Mem- She also was a faculty member human health and environmental bers program recognizes ACM and associate academic dean at protection within the agency’s members with at least 15 years of Mount Aloysius College; chief decision-making process. professional experience who have nursing officer and principal part- helped advance the practical and ner, clinical services and perfor- The Graduate School of Public theoretical aspects of computing. mance improvement for Windber Health (GSPH) has announced The 2010 honorees comprise 47 Medical Center, the appointment of two associate computer scientists and engineers and instructor deans. from corporations and academic and term coor- Eleanor Feingold, vice chair institutions worldwide. dinator at the in the Department of Human Chrysanthis is best known Conemaugh Genetics with faculty appoint- for his contributions to the prin- School of Nurs- ments in that department and in ciples, protocols and prototypes ing. the Department of Biostatistics, of systems that allow distributed has been appointed associate dean transactions and data processing Milos Hauskrecht, a faculty for education at GSPH. to be performed in situations member in the Department of Feingold’s primary role will where power and resources are in Computer Science, recently be the direction and management short supply. These include data accepted the Homer R. Warner of graduate education activities. streams, web databases and mobile award from the American Medi- She also will help to implement and sensor databases. cal Informatics Association as the strategic goals and objectives Chrysanthis also is the founder primary author of the paper, of the school and assist with the and director of Pitt’s Advanced “Conditional Outlier Detection accreditation process. Data Management Technolo- for Clinical Alerting.” Feingold maintains a teaching gies Laboratory, which pursues a The award is presented annu- and advising role and has been broad focus on user-centric data ally for the paper that best active in various educational management for scalable network describes approaches to improving committees including the com- applications. computerized information acqui- mittee to develop the master of sition; knowledge data acquisition public health program in human Psychiatry faculty member and management, and experimen- genetics. Edward P. Mulvey was one of 18 tal results documenting the value She serves as graduate program national experts named by U.S. of these approaches. director for the human genetics Attorney General Eric Holder to Hauskrecht shares the award component of the interdisciplin- the newly created Office of Justice with the paper’s co-authors: ary biomedical sciences PhD Programs science advisory board. computer science colleagues program and director of graduate The board is designed to bridge Michal Valko and Iyad Bata; studies for the Department of the divide between research and Gilles Clermont of the Depart- Human Genetics. practice in criminal justice fields. ment of Critical Care Medicine, Cindy Bryce has been Mulvey directs law and psy- and Shyam Visweswaran and named associate dean for student chiatric research in the School of Gregory Cooper of the Depart- affairs, effective Jan. 1. In addition, Medicine. ment of Biomedical Informatics. she will have a primary faculty position in the Department of Eric Moe, a faculty member Matcheri Keshavan, a faculty Health Policy and Management, in the Department of Music and member in psychiatry at the School where she currently holds a sec- co-director of the Music on the of Medicine, will receive the 2010 ondary appointment. Edge program, is one of 10 com- Pittsburgh Schizophrenia Award Bryce will be responsible for posers from seven states selected Dec. 10 at the annual Pittsburgh the administration of the GSPH for a paid residency at Aaron schizophrenia conference. student affairs office and will direct Copland’s National Historic Keshavan, who also is Stanley its activities in recruitment, admis- Landmark house in New York’s Cobb Professor of Psychiatry sions, graduation, student awards, lower Hudson Valley. at Harvard Medical School and special events and career services. vice chair of public psychiatry at She will contribute to Associa- Cheryl Ruffin, employee Beth Israel Deaconess Medical tion of Schools of Public Health relations specialist, was chosen Center and the Massachusetts reports and oversee compliance as the November Dignity and Mental Health Center, focuses with the Council on Education for Respect Champion for her work his research on individuals at risk Public Health’s student require-

17 U N I V E R S I T Y TIMES

P E O P L E O F T H E T I M E S Pharmacy Technician of the Year recently received the Individual by the Pennsylvania Pharmacists Distinguished Service Award CONTINUED FROM PAGE 17 Association (PPA). The award is from the Pennsylvania Associa- Literatures and other donations. Among those at the Schools of Medicine, has been the guest given to the pharmacy technician tion of Rehab Facilities. PARF is a The prize honors internation- of the Health Sciences whose work of honor and lecturer at several who has demonstrated a profes- statewide organization of facilities ally renowned librarian Eduardo has been acknowledged recently locations recently, including the sional attitude, shown leadership serving individuals with physical, Lozano, who developed and with awards or accolades are the annual educational conference of in the training of other techni- mental, social and/or emotional directed the Latin American col- following: the Department of Otolaryngol- cians, is involved in PPA and other disabilities. The award is given lection at Hillman Library from • Eric Altschuler, a faculty ogy at the University of Cairo; the professional organizations and/or to an individual who has dem- 1967 until his death in 2006. member in the Department Department of Otolaryngology at community service activities and onstrated a strong commitment, Skvirsky-Aguilera was nomi- of Neurologi- the American University of Beirut, has shown overall pride in their dedication and interest in working nated for her dissertation, titled cal Surgery, and the 32nd Turkish National work as a pharmacy technician. with people who have disabilities. “The Ethnic Turn: Studies in School of Med- Congress of Otorhinolaryngology Martini serves as a lead technician • Two faculty members in Political Cinema From Brazil icine, recently and Head and Neck Surgery. at Magee-Womens Hospital. orthopaedic surgery and neuro- and the U.S., 1960-2005.” She is was elected to In addition, Myers was elected • Dexi Liu, a faculty member logical surgery in the School of an assistant professor of film and serve a two- honorary president of the Balkan in pharmaceutical sciences, School Medicine, recently received an media studies at the University of year term as Society of Otolaryngology–Head of Pharmacy, was appointed chair award from the Council on Brain Massachusetts-Boston. president of the and Neck Surgery and was a visit- of the membership committee for Injury (CoBI). For the first time since the Pennsylvania ing professor at the University of the American Society of Gene and Mark R. Lovell, who also is prize’s inception in 2007, the prize Neurosurgical Alexandria. Cell Therapy. founding director of the UPMC committee awarded an honorable Society. The society is a statewide • Freddie H. Fu, David • Janice Pringle, a faculty Sports Medicine concussion mention. The recipient is María organization that addresses the Silver Professor and chair of the member in pharmacy and thera- program, and Michael Collins, Andrea Castagnola, who recently concerns of neurosurgeons and Department of peutics, School of Pharmacy, assistant director of the program, earned her PhD in history. Her patients in the prevention and Orthopaedic served on the State Screening, were honored for their work on dissertation was titled “Rethinking treatment of neurological trauma Surgery, School Brief Intervention and Referral to concussion and sports-related Judicial Instability in Developing and illness. of Medicine Treatment (SBIRT) impact panel. brain injuries. Democracies: A National and Altschuler specializes in hydro- and UPMC, The goal of SBIRT is to develop The mission of CoBI is to fund Subnational Analysis of Supreme cephalus treatments, spinal neuro- recently and implement training programs education related to brain injury, Courts in Argentina.” surgery, neurosurgical trauma and received the to teach medical residents the conduct and support research for stereotactic neurosurgery. 2010 ENDOS skills to provide evidence-based more effective treatments and Tina Phillips, coach of Pitt- • Deborah Opacic, program Medical Sci- screening, intervention and refer- advocate for improved services. n Bradford’s women’s volleyball director of physician assistant ence and Technology Award– ral to treatment for patients who team, was named Allegheny studies in the School of Health International Endoscopy for have, or are at risk for, substance Mountain Collegiate Confer- and Rehabilitation Sciences, was Outstanding Leadership. Fu was use disorders. ence Coach of the Year. The chosen by her students, peers presented with the award at an • Raman Venkataramanan, a team captured the regular-season and the awards committee of the international endoscopy confer- faculty member in pharmaceutical title with a 9-0 mark and then Pennsylvania Society of Physi- ence in Macau, China, by Chinese sciences, was appointed editor-in- claimed UPB’s first-ever confer- cian Assistants as the recipient government officials, including chief of the American Journal of ence tournament title, securing of the 2010 PA Educator of the those from the Department of Analytical Chemistry. the AMCC’s automatic bid to the Year Award. Health and Department of Sci- Venkataramanan also was Lovell Collins NCAA Tournament. • Eugene N. Myers, Distin- ence. elected as a member-at-large of In 2005, Phillips was honored guished Professor and emeritus • Pamela Martini, purchasing the executive committee of the Grant will expand as the AMCC softball Coach of chair of the Department of coordinator at Magee-Womens American Association of Pharma- pediatric residency the Year. Otolaryngology in the School Hospital pharmacy, was named the ceutical Scientists. He will serve on the committee for three years. program at Children’s • Shelley Zomak, director of Children’s Hospital of Pitts- the UPMC Presbyterian Cardio- burgh has received a five-year, thoracic Transplant Unit, received $1.9 million grant from the the 2010 International Transplant U.S. Department of Health and Nursing Society (ITNS) Trans- Human Services (HHS) to expand plant Nursing Excellence Award. the hospital’s pediatric residency This honor is given annually to a program by developing a primary transplant nurse who exemplifies care training pathway. the ITNS mission of promoting The funding will allow Chil- excellence in transplant clinical dren’s to provide focused training nursing through the pursuit of for residents who want to enter professional growth opportuni- primary care practice in under- ties, interdisciplinary networking, served urban and rural communi- collaborative activities and trans- ties. Children’s new primary care plant nursing research. program — Pediatric Advocacy, • Gilbert Brenes, a faculty Leadership, Service (PALS) — will member in the medical school’s add two residents each year for the Department of Physical Medicine next five years, each of whom will and Rehabilitation and in the train over three years. UPMC Rehabilitation Institute, Children’s is one of 82 accred- ited primary care residency pro- grams in the country to receive the HHS funding under the Afford- able Care Act. The 82 programs will receive $167.3 million in funding to increase the number of residents trained in general pedi- atrics, general internal medicine and family medicine. By 2015, it is anticipated the program will sup- port the training of an additional 889 new primary care residents beyond the number being trained now. “Chronic diseases, most of which are preventable, are one of the main reasons health care costs have soared over the past several decades,” said HHS Secretary Kathleen Sebelius. “Investing in our primary care workforce will strengthen the role that wellness and prevention play in our health care system. With these grants, Americans from all backgrounds will have new opportunities to enter the health care workforce.” The PALS program is accept- ing applications for positions starting in July. For more information, visit www.chp.edu/pals. n

18 DECEMBER 9, 2010

C A L E N D A R Clinical Oncology & Hematol- A&S/Mathematics ogy Grand Rounds “Working Memory & Temporal CONTINUED FROM PAGE 20 “Personalizing Therapy for Patterns: The Implications of Bioinformatics Lecture Friday 17 GI Pathophysiology/Board Upper Aerodigestive Tract Neural Populations,” Sergio “Text Information Extrac- Review Cancers,” Vassiliki Papadimi- Verduzco-Flores; Dec. 17, 703 tion System: A New Tool for “Anatomy & Physiology of the trakopoulou; Hillman Cancer Thackeray, 10 am SBDC Workshop Research”; M3901 Presby, 11 Small Bowel,” Matthew Rockacy; Ctr. Cooper Conf. Ctr. ground Education/Instruction & “The 2nd Step: Developing a am (to register: ties.upmc.com/ Presby M2 conf. rm., 7:30 am fl. conf. rm. C, 8 am Learning Business Plan”; Mervis, 7:30-10 register) Fox Ctr. for Vision Restoration “Assessing the Effects of Phono- am (8-1542) HSLS Workshop Lecture logical Processing & Phonemic Medicine Faculty Develop- Wednesday 22 “Sequence Similarity Search- “Drag-Reducing Polymer Awareness Professional Devel- ment Lecture ing,” Ansuman Chattopadhyay; Effects on Blood Microcircula- opment for Elementary Teachers “Education Debate: Why Don’t HSLS Workshop Falk Library conf. rm. B, 1-3 pm tion in Vivo & in Vitro,” Marina (K-2) Working With English You Come to My Lecture?” Bob “PowerPoint for Beginners,” GI Grand Rounds Kamaneva, McGowan Inst.; Language Learners (ELLs),” Arnold & John Mahoney; 1105 Julia Jankovic; Falk Library “Endoscopic & Radiologic E&EI 5th fl. boardrm., noon Elizabeth Rangel; Dec. 17, 5314 Scaife, 8 am classrm. 2, 10 am-noon Unknowns,” Shari Rogal, Ven- Posvar, 11 am WPIC Meet the PI Lecture Men’s Basketball kata Muddana & Bridger Clarke; PhD Defenses SHRS/Rehabilitation Sciences “Crossing the Bridge to Adult- Vs. American; Petersen, 7 pm Scaife 11th fl. conf. ctr., 5 pm “The Development & Valida- hood: ADHD-Related Struggles IS/Telecommunications & tion of the Vestibular Activities in Adolescence to Age 20 With Friday 24 Networking & Participation (VAP) Measure Thursday 16 a Focus on Alcohol,” Brooke “Security in Wireless Sensor Net- for People With Vestibular Dis- Molina; WPIC 2nd fl. aud., 11 • Winter recess for faculty & works Employing MACGSP6,” orders Based on the International ADRC Lecture am-12:30 pm staff through Jan. 3; designated Yuttasart Nitipaichit; Dec. 9, Classification of Functioning, “Is the UCSD Brief Assess- GI Research Rounds University offices, including 1A04 IS, 10 am Disability & Health (ICF),” Alia ment of Capacity to Consent “Nutrition Support,” Stephen major responsibility centers GSPH/Epidemiology Alghwiri; Jan. 5, 4060 Forbes (UBACC) a Useful Tool for AD O’Keefe; Presby M2 conf. rm., & research projects, will be “Mortality After Metastatic Tower, 10 am Researchers?” Lauren Terhorst noon staffed as necessary. & Amanda Gentry, nursing; Breast Cancer: Co-morbidity as ADRC conf. rm. S439 Monte- Saturday 18 Monday 27 a Mediator of Age on Survival & Theatre fiore, noon Delays in Treatment for Breast SHRS/CIDDE Lecture Cancer Metastasis,” Su Yon Jung; Pgh. Irish & Classical Theatre • Fall term ends; official date Men’s Basketball “Strategies to Promote Class- Dec. 9, 109 Parran, 11 am “Hobson’s Choice”; through for degrees awarded in fall Vs. UConn; Petersen, 8:30 pm room Management,” Barbara Medicine/Molecular Phar- Dec. 18; Charity Randall The- term. Frey, CIDDE; 6012 Forbes Tuesday 28 macology atre, Stephen Foster, W-Sat. 8 Tower, noon “Uncovering the Biological pm, Sun. 2 pm, also Dec. 14 at 7 Men’s Basketball EOH Seminar Functions of Phosphatase of pm & Dec. 18 at 2 pm (412/561- Vs. MD Eastern Shore; Petersen, Women’s Basketball “Traffic on the Genetic Infor- Regenerating Liver-2,” Yan 6000) 7 pm Vs. Austin Peay; Petersen, 7 pm mation Highway: Dynamics of Wang; Dec. 9, 1395 Starzl BST, Africana Studies Dance & 2 pm Repair Proteins & Telomere Sunday 19 Drum Ensemble Production Binding Proteins on DNA January Education/Administrative & “Nativity: A Christmas Gift”; Revealed by Single Molecule Policy Studies through Dec. 19; Alumni 7th fl. • Residence halls close. Imaging,” Hong Wang; 540 Tuesday 4 “A Developmental Perspective aud., F & Sat. at 8 pm, Sun. at 5 Bridgeside Point, noon on Leadership Education of pm (8-2276) • Winter recess through Jan. 4 Epidemiology Seminar • All University offices & Aspiring Principals,” Francois for students, all schools. “Bioterrorism: The Govern- buildings reopen. Guilleux; Dec. 9, 4321 Posvar, Exhibits ment Overreacts to Perceived 2 pm Threats,” Elodie Ghedin; A115 Tuesday 21 • Residence halls open. IS/Telecommunications & Barco Law Library Exhibit Crabtree, noon Networking “Rustique: The Art of Oxida- Provost’s Inaugural Lecture • Fall term grades must be Wednesday 5 “Generation of Classificatory tion,” Dan Coyle; through Jan. “Pesticides, Parkinson’s Disease approved by instructors by Metadata for Web Resources 28; Barco Law Library Gallery, & the Creature From the Black midnight before final posting • Spring term enrollment Using Social Tags,” Sue Yeon reg. library hours Lagoon,” J. Timothy Greena- can begin. period ends for all students. Syn; Dec. 10, 522 IS, 10 am myre, medicine; 2500 Posvar, Medicine/Molecular Biophys- Deadlines 4 pm • Spring term classes begin. ics & Structural Biology “Biophysical & Pharmacological EUCE Faculty Grant Com- Characterization of Cytoplasmic petition Dynein Heavy Chain 1,” Hikmat Deadline to submit applications Daghestani; Dec. 10, 1018 BST3, Now offering THREE HEALTHY HABITS AT THREE INVITING PRICES is Dec. 10. Application forms & 2 pm grant information can be found at a great deal for Pitt Medicine/Molecular Phar- Faculty, Staff & Students! www.ucis.pitt.edu/euce/faculty/ macology index.html. $44.00 “Exploitation of siRNA Meth- Women’s Studies/GSPIA Iris membership* odology to Identify Novel Anti- * includes 1-hour session, each Marion Young Award additional 1-hour massage is $39. cancer Treatments,” Carolyn Nominations must be received No committment required. Kitchens; Dec. 14, 1395 Starzl by Dec. 15 at [email protected] BST, 10 am or 2208 Posvar. (info: 4-6485) Medicine/Biomedical Infor- Bradford Campus Literary matics Magazine “Effect of a Metacognitive Inter- Submissions for “Baily’s Beads” vention on Cognitive Heuristic literary magazine due Dec. 17 at Use During Diagnostic Accu- 103 Blaisdell, UPB, or mail to 300 racy,” Velma Payne; Dec. 14, Campus Drive, Bradford 16701. M185 Parkvale, 3 pm A&S/Chemistry Event Deadline “Determination & Implications of Electroosmotic Transport in The next issue of the University the Brain,” Yifay Guy; Dec. 15, Times will include University 211 DL, 10 am and on-campus events of Jan. A&S/Mathematics 6-20. Information for events “Working Memory & Temporal during that period must be Introductory Introductory Introductory Patterns: The Implications of 1 received by 5 pm on Dec. 23 at 1-hour customized 1-hour healthy skin 1 /2 -hour Hot Stone Neural Populations,” Sergio massage sesson* facial sesson* therapy sesson* 308 Bellefield Hall. Information Verduzco-Flores; Dec. 17, 703 may be sent by fax to 4-4579 or Thackeray, 10 am email to [email protected]. Now you can create the wellness routine you've always wanted with Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical Massage Envy Spa. 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C A L E N D A R Memorial Service Tuesday 14 For Bertram Carroll, faculty member in political science, who GI Journal Club December died March 11, 2010; UClub “Randomized Controlled Trials: Provost’s Inaugural Lecture HPI Governance Briefing Fraternity Grill 2nd fl., 4-6 pm Thursday 9 Drug Treatment,” John Nasir & “Materials That Can With- “The Board’s Role in Creating a CGS End of Term Celebration stand High Temperatures: An Culture of High Quality,” Greg Dhiraj Yadav; Presby M2 conf. EOH Seminar PAA bowling alley, 5:30-8:30 pm Important Aspect of the Energy Carlson, U of AL-Birmingham; rm., 7:30 am “Nuclear Receptors as Thera- Greensburg Campus Concert Picture,” Brian Gleeson, engi- PAA, 8-9:30 am (4-3608) HSLS Workshop peutic Targets in Alzheimer’s Pitt-Greensburg Chorale & neering; 2500 Posvar, 4 pm Sr. VC’s Research Seminar “The WOW Factor: PowerPoint Disease,” Gary Landreth; 540 Chamber Singers; Campana Geology & Planetary Science “Information Integration & for Posters,” Julia Jankovic; Falk Bridgeside Point, noon Chapel & Lecture Ctr., UPG, Colloquium Statistical Meta-Analysis for Library classrm. 2, 10 am-noon Epidemiology Seminar 7:30 pm “Interaction of Basaltic Dikes & Combining Multiple Genomic Osher Inst. Open House “Physical Activity: Quantity or Heinz Chapel Choir Holiday Wet Sediment at Glaciovolcanic Studies,” George Tseng; Scaife 4th fl. CL, 10 am-noon (4-7308) Quality?” Andrea Kriska; A115 Concert Centers: Examples From Iceland aud. 6, noon Cell Biology & Physiology Crabtree, noon Heinz Chapel, 8 pm (tickets: & Mars,” Holly Kagy; 11 Thaw, Senate Budget Policies Com- Seminar Long-term Staff Recognition 412/394-3353; info: 4-4125) 4 pm mittee Mtg. “Control of Organ Size & Reception Latin American Film 527 CL, 12:10 pm Tumorigenesis by the Hippo To honor staff members who Saturday 11 “Los Dioses Rotos”; FFA aud., Cell Biology & Physiology Signaling Pathway,” Duojia Pan; have completed 20, 30, 40 & 50 6:30 pm Seminar 520 E&EI, 11 am years of service to the University; • Reading day. “Can Better Understanding of MWRI Work-in-Progress Connolly Ballrm. Alumni, 3 pm the Cellular Mechanisms of Virus Conference & Seminar (4-5622) Friday 10 • CGS, Saturday, grad & Replication Give Novel Oppor- “Endocrine Resistance in Academic Career Develop- evening classes will continue tunities for Drug & Vaccine Breast Cancer: Genetics or ment Postdoc Professionalism • Last day for undergrad day to meet during this period; Development?” Mark Marsh; Epigenetics?” Steffi Oesterreich; Workshop classes for fall term. final exams for those classes 520 E&EI, 2 pm MWRI 1st fl. conf. ctr., noon “Managing the Direction of should be held during the last ULS Writers Café Reading • Deadline for continuing Your Career: Using an Individual scheduled class meeting. Cup & Chaucer, ground fl. Hill- students to register for spring Development Plan,” Steven man, noon-1:30 pm term without a penalty. Wendell; S120 Starzl BST, Men’s Basketball MMG Seminar 3-5 pm Vs. TN; Consol Energy Ctr., “Recent Advances in Under- 3:15 pm standing Clostridium Per- Women’s Choral Ensemble fringens Pathogensis,” Bruce A HOLIDAY REMINDER FROM THE Holiday Concert McClane; 503 Bridgeside Point Heinz Chapel, 8 pm (tickets: II, 3:15 pm OFFICE OF FACILITIES MANAGEMENT 412/394-3353; info: 4-4125) Pharmacology & Chemical Biology Seminar All faculty, staff and students are reminded to turn off computers, Sunday 12 “Novel Metabolic Functions of

radios, copiers, printers, fax machines, automatic coffee machines, Group VIA Phospholipase A2,” Heinz Chapel Choir Holiday Suzanne Barbour, VA Com- lights & other items in their area before leaving for Winter Recess. Concert monwealth U; 1395 Starzl BST, Heinz Chapel, 3 pm (tickets: 3:30 pm Please take a moment to shut these items off. This will help reduce 412/394-3353; info: 4-4125) Grad Certificate in Gerontol- ogy Info Session University utility costs and lessen the potential for physical damage Monday 13 to this equipment. 4th fl. CL, 5:30 pm (4-6600) • Final exams for undergrad Wednesday 15 Facilities Management thanks you for your day classes through Dec. 18. Clinical Oncology & Hematol- consideration and wishes you a Happy Holiday! Health & Wellness Lecture ogy Grand Rounds “Depression: Get the Facts,” “Role of STAT1 in Control- Ellen Frank, UPMC; Carnegie ling GVHD,” Markus Mapara; Library, Oakland, 6-7:30 pm UPMC Cancer Pavilion, Her- (412/864-3465) berman Conf. Ctr. 2nd fl. aud., UNIVERSITY 8 am CONTINUED ON PAGE 19 TIMES C L A S S I F I E D SERVICES publication schedule • $8 for up to 15 words; $9 for 16-30 ELDER LAW—ESTATE ATTORNEYS words; $10 for 31-50 words. Michael H. Marks & Associates. Elder law; • For University ads, submit an account nursing home/Medicaid cost-of-care planning; Events occurring Submit by For publication number for transfer of funds. wills; POAs; trusts; probate & estate administra- • All other ads should be accompanied by tion; real estate. Squirrel Hill: 412/421-8944; Jan. 6-20 Dec. 23 Jan. 6 a check for the full amount made payable Monroeville: 412/373-4235; email: michael@ to the University of Pittsburgh. marks-law.com. Free initial consultation. Fees Jan. 20-Feb. 3 Jan. 13 Jan. 20 quoted in advance. Personal & informative. • Reserve space by submitting ad copy Feb. 3-17 Jan. 27 Feb. 3 one week prior to publication. Copy and SUBJECTS NEEDED payment should be sent to University BLOOD PRESSURE & THE BRAIN Feb. 17-March 3 Feb. 10 Feb. 17 Times, 308 Bellefield Hall, University Research study with one MRI and two interview of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh 15260. sessions seeks healthy adults ages 35-60. Cannot March 3-17 Feb. 24 March 3 • For more information, call Barbara have hypertension, heart disease or diabetes. DelRaso, 412/624-4644. $150 compensation. Some invited to repeat March 17-March 31 March 10 March 17 study in 2 years with additional compensa- FITNESS tion. Contact Kim Novak at 412/246-6200 or March 31-April 14 March 24 March 31 [email protected]. INTERESTED IN ROWING? April 14-28 April 7 April 14 The Pitt Masters Rowing Club is recruiting new members. Staff & faculty of all skill levels April 28-May 12 April 21 April 28 & ages are welcome to join. Includes indoor practice sessions & in-season water rowing. For Buy it, May 12-26 May 5 May 12 more details about club membership, contact [email protected].

May 26-June 9 May 19 May 26 FOR SALE June 9-23 June 2 June 9 PERFECT FOR CHRISTMAS sell it Franklin Toker’s “Pittsburgh: A New Portrait.” June 23-July 7 June 16 June 23 Photographs of dozens of Pittsburgh-area churches. Capsule descriptions of a score in the July 7-21 June 30 July 7 of Pittsburgh neighborhoods. References hundreds of Pittsburgh notables (Gene Kelly, University Times July 21-Sept. 1 July 14 July 21 Mr. Rogers, etc.). Full-color hardcover; from amazon.com in time for Christmas, $23 or less; The University Times events calendar includes Pitt-sponsored events as well as non-Pitt events held on at bookstores, $34.95. CLASSIFIEDS! a Pitt campus. Information submitted for the calendar should identify the type of event, such as lecture HOUSING/RENT or concert, and the program’s specific title, sponsor, location and time. The name and phone number of a contact person should be included. Information should be sent by email to: [email protected], by FAX POINT BREEZE Call to: 412/624-4579, or by campus mail to: 308 Bellefield Hall. We cannot guarantee publication of events $1,500. 3-BR, 4-bath house with 2-car garage, yard, finished basement, laundry room & master received after the deadline. suite with full bath. Call Ruth: 310/538-9858. 412/624-4644.

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