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INFORMATION to USERS This Manuscript Has Been Reproduced INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from aiy type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photogrq>hs, print bleedthrou^ substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photogr£q)hs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for aiy photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell Information Com pany 300 North Z eeb Road. Ann Arbor. Ivll 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 Order Number 9517109 Unofficial histories of France in the late Middle Ages. (Volumes I and n) Zale, Sanford C., Ph.D. The Ohio State University, 1994 UMI 300 N. Zeeb Rd. Ann Arbor, MI 48106 UNOFFICIAL HISTORIES OF FRANCE IN THE LATE MIDDLE AGES Volume I DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Sanford C. Zale, B.S.F.S., M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 1994 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Dr. Joseph Lynch Dr. John Rule ” Adviser Dr. Timothy Gregory Department of History Copyright by Sanford C. Zale 1994 To My Parents 11 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I express sincere appreciation to the Graduate School of the Ohio State University for helping to fund my dissertation research in France. I thank Dr. Franklin Pegues for his instruction, Dr. John Rule and Dr. Timothy Gregory for sitting on my dissertation committee and for their useful comments, and Bernard Guenee and Colette Beaune for their insightful suggestions. Above all, I thank my adviser. Dr. Joseph Lynch, for his guidance throughout my research. 1 wish to thank them all not only for their invaluable assistance in bringing this dissertation to completion, but also, and especially, for the friendship which they showed me along the way. Ill VITA August 25,1964 ............................. Born - Brooklyn, New York 198 6 .................................................. B.S.F.S., Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 198 7.................................................. Licence, Université de Nice, Nice, France 1989-1993.........................................Graduate Teaching Associate, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1990.................................................. M.A., The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1993-199........................................ 4 Instructor, Department of History, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, Illinois 1994-presen t.................................... Graduate Teaching Associate, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: History Studies in medieval history (Dr. Joseph Lynch, Dr. Franklin Pegues), ancient history (Dr. Timothy Gregory), and early modern history (Dr. John Rule). IV TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION............................................................................................ il ACKNOWLEDGMENTS........................................................................... iii VITA......................................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES..................................................................................... viü CHAPTER PAGE I. INTRODUCTION.................................................................... 1 II. THE SOURCES..........................................................................54 Introduction................................................................ 54 (A) B.N., fr. 49 4 0...................................................... 57 (B) B.N., fr. 1707......................................................... 61 (C) B.N., lat. 14663 .................................................... 66 (D) B.N., fr. 5697 .........................................................69 (E) B.N., fr. 23019....................................................... 78 (F) B.N., fr. 1623 ........................................................ 83 (G) B.N., lat. 5027 ...................................................... 87 (H) B.N., fr. 9688 .........................................................90 (I) B.N., fr. 10468 ........................................................94 (J) B.N., fr. 10139........................................................98 (K) B.N., n.a. fr. 7519................................................ 104 (L) B.N., fr. 4 9 9 1........................................................107 (M) B.N.,n.a.fr.4811 ................................................108 (N) B.N., fr. 1233 ...................................................... 113 (0) B.N., n.a. fr. 4209................................................ 116 (P) B.N., fr. 24976..................................................... 120 (Q) B.N., fr. 5734 ...................................................... 122 V (R) B.N.,fr. 10137.....................................................124 (S) 5195 ........................................................128 (T) B.N.,fr.5696 ....................................................... 134 (U) B.N.,fr. 5704 .......................................................136 (V) B.N., fr. 49 5 4.......................................................140 (W) B.N., fr. 5709...................................................... 142 Collective Portrait of the Unofficial Histories 145 Conclusion.................................................................168 III. CLOVIS THE BASTARD........................................................170 Introduction.............................................................. 170 The Reign of Childeric 1........................................... 174 B.N., fr. 10468 ........................................................... 196 The glossed version of "A tous nobles'.................206 Louis 111 and Carlom an............................................ 215 Conclusion.................................................................225 IV. THE FRENCH KILL THEIR KINGS........................................229 Introduction.............................................................. 229 Regicide in the Unofficial Histories........................242 Noël de Fribois.......................................................... 253 B.N., lat. 5195 .......................................................... 257 The Assassination of Childeric 11........................... 262 Conclusion.................................................................289 V. THE RANSOM OF SAINT LOUIS..........................................292 Introduction.............................................................. 292 Les aventures depuis deux cents ans .................... 296 B.N., fr. 9688 ............................................................. 303 B.N., fr. 5704 ............................................................. 310 Louis Le Blanc, I........................................................ 320 Louis Le Blanc, II....................................................... 347 Etienne Le Blanc........................................................353 B.N., fr. 10468, B.N., fr. 1233, and B.N., fr. 24976.................................................366 B.N., lat. 5195 .......................................................... 370 B.N., n.a. fr. 7519 and B.N., fr. 4990.................... 375 Conclusion.................................................................378 VI VI. LISTS OF THE FRENCH KINGS, I ......................................394 Introduction..............................................................394 "Cy aprez fait mencion de tous les roys de france combien ilz regnerent"..................... 400 Le Dit des Rovs......................................................... 403 "Ce sont les noms de tous les roys qui ont este en france puis quelle fu fondée" 405 "Ce sont les noms des roys de france anciennement nommes gaule".....................407 "S'ensuit les noms des roys de france" ................. 412 "Les noms des roys de france" ............................... 416 "Le huytiesme livre de ceste cronique est du regne des treschrestiens roys de france". .420 Conclusion................................................................ 423 VII. LISTS OF THE FRENCH KINGS, II.....................................428 Introduction..............................................................428 The Merovingians.................................................... 428 The Reign of Gilles................................................... 433 The Sons of Clovis.................................................... 437 The Sons of Chlotar ................................................1 443
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