Paradigms of Marginality in Literature - Exploring the Nuances
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Dharma and Caste in the Mahabharata
TIF - Dharma and Caste in the Mahabharata RUDRANGSHU MUKHERJEE February 5, 2021 Assembly of Warriors, illustration to the Gemini Ashwamedha of the Mahabharata | Harvard Art Museums/Arthur M. Sackler Museum, Francis H. Burr Memorial Fund and Friends of the Fogg Art Museum Fund The Mahabharata is peopled by the ‘higher’ castes but there are important personages from the ‘lower’ castes whose presence gives a radical salience to ‘dharma’ as set out in the epic, to the point of even suggesting a subversion of the dominant ideology. There is a scholarly consensus that below the apocalyptic events---covered in five of the 18 books--- that form the core of the epic, the idea of dharma serves as a principal theme. Many dimensions of the idea are explored through characters, sub-tales and events; even transgressions of dharma illuminate it.1 In comparison, the great book has very little to say explicitly about caste or varna in the sense that it does not address the question of inequality that the operation of the caste system inevitably engenders. It need hardly be emphasized that most of the main characters come from the two top castes and the language of the epic is Sanskrit, the language of these two castes. The second caste, kshatriyas, not surprisingly, dominates the epic. According to one calculation, there are as many as 175 references to kshatriyadharma in the epic (Hiltebeitel: 2014: 528). In contrast, the vaisyadharma and sudradharma receive nine and six references respectively (Hiltebeitel: 2014: 528). Page 1 www.TheIndiaForum.in February 5, 2021 The argument that this essay seeks to present through the narration of certain episodes and characters, is that the lower castes do make significant appearances in the epic and that those appearances are not unrelated to the epic’s approach to dharma—in fact, those appearances give a radical salience to the question of dharma. -
An Indian Novelist Chetan Bhagat
AN INDIAN NOVELIST CHETAN BHAGAT A.V Aravindan Assistant Professor, Department of English Chetan Bhagat is an Indian author, columnist, and screenwriter. Chetan Bhagat’s novels are adapted into successful movies. Most of his views are focused on youth and issues based on national development which occupies the most important part in the society. He also plays the role of motivational speaker which wonderfully working out by grasping the minds of young generation with good deeds and thoughts. He is one of the most successful authors and his novels awarded as best-selling novels. He quit his banking career in 2009 in order to bring changes in the society. He decided to lead his whole life as a writer. Chetan Bhagat has introduced some unique trends in the Indian English literature. He has focused the interest of the youth and has written about their aspirations. He has attempts to guide their ripe energies into proper direction. There is no surprise if the readers acclaim him as the youth writer. His novels touch an emotional chord of the third generation. This displays the ambition of the youth, mixed with fears and tinged with tears. His men and women observe morality in the warm heartedness of the human relations. Therefore, they take life for pleasure. He is not only considered as an author by the readers but also considered as the youth icon. Many of the young Indian readers are inspired by his humorous way of depicting stories. He is also a good columnist and he writes many columns for many leading newspapers. -
Narrative, Public Cultures and Visuality in Indian Comic Strips and Graphic Novels in English, Hindi, Bangla and Malayalam from 1947 to the Present
UGC MRP - COMICS BOOKS & GRAPHIC NOVELS Narrative, Public Cultures and Visuality in Indian Comic Strips and Graphic Novels in English, Hindi, Bangla and Malayalam from 1947 to the Present UGC MAJOR RESEARCH PROJECT F.NO. 5-131/2014 (HRP) DT.15.08.2015 Principal Investigator: Aneeta Rajendran, Gargi College, University of Delhi UGC MRP INDIAN COMIC BOOKS AND GRAPHIC NOVELS Acknowledgements This work was made possible due to funding from the UGC in the form of a Major Research Project grant. The Principal Investigator would like to acknowledge the contribution of the Project Fellow, Ms. Shreya Sangai, in drafting this report as well as for her hard work on the Project through its tenure. Opportunities for academic discussion made available by colleagues through formal and informal means have been invaluable both within the college, and in the larger space of the University as well as in the form of conferences, symposia and seminars that have invited, heard and published parts of this work. Warmest gratitude is due to the Principal, and to colleagues in both the teaching and non-teaching staff at Gargi College, for their support throughout the tenure of the project: without their continued help, this work could not have materialized. Finally, much gratitude to Mithuraaj for his sustained support, and to all friends and family members who stepped in to help in so many ways. 1 UGC MRP INDIAN COMIC BOOKS AND GRAPHIC NOVELS Project Report Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 1. Scope and Objectives 3 2. Summary of Findings 3 2. Outcomes and Objectives Attained 4 3. -
Scapegoat, Sacrifice, Or Saviour: an Examination of the Outsider in The
Scapegoat, Sacrifice, or Saviour: An Examination of the Outsider in the Mahābhārata by © Micheline Hughes A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Religious Studies Memorial University of Newfoundland May 2014 St. John’s Newfoundland and Labrador Abstract This thesis examines part of the cultural history of social exclusions through a study of the portrayal of the Niṣādas, a tribal group, in the Hindu epic, the Mahābhārata. Three factors contribute to the social exclusion of the Niṣādas in the epic: social construction of identity, caste and dharma, and geography and liminality. The three Mahābhārata narratives that are the focus of the thesis’s analysis (the narratives of Ekalavya, the House of Lac, and Nala and Damayantī) portray six Niṣādas, and one king, Nala, who undergoes a period of social exclusion. Outsiders are portrayed as scapegoat, sacrifice, and/or savior for the epic’s heroes. However, when Niṣādas fulfill these roles, they are either exterminated or mutliated as a result of acts of those very heroes. The thesis argues that the factors of social exclusion work together to accomplish marginalization, and that violence facilitates the process of social exclusion in the epic. ii Acknowledgements I would like to express my very great appreciation to Dr. Patricia Dold, my thesis supervisor. Her invaluable guidance, immense patience, unfailing support, kindness, and sense of humour were extremely helpful to me as I researched, wrote, and edited this thesis. I have learned a great deal from her and will carry these lessons with me into my future academic work. -
Mahabharata Tatparnirnaya
Mahabharatha Tatparya Nirnaya Chapter XIX The episodes of Lakshagriha, Bhimasena's marriage with Hidimba, Killing Bakasura, Draupadi svayamwara, Pandavas settling down in Indraprastha are described in this chapter. The details of these episodes are well-known. Therefore the special points of religious and moral conduct highlights in Tatparya Nirnaya and its commentaries will be briefly stated here. Kanika's wrong advice to Duryodhana This chapter starts with instructions of Kanika an expert in the evil policies of politics to Duryodhana. This Kanika was also known as Kalinga. Probably he hailed from Kalinga region. He was a person if Bharadvaja gotra and an adviser to Shatrujna the king of Sauvira. He told Duryodhana that when the close relatives like brothers, parents, teachers, and friends are our enemies, we should talk sweet outwardly and plan for destroying them. Heretics, robbers, theives and poor persons should be employed to kill them by poison. Outwardly we should pretend to be religiously.Rituals, sacrifices etc should be performed. Taking people into confidence by these means we should hit our enemy when the time is ripe. In this way Kanika secretly advised Duryodhana to plan against Pandavas. Duryodhana approached his father Dhritarashtra and appealed to him to send out Pandavas to some other place. Initially Dhritarashtra said Pandavas are also my sons, they are well behaved, brave, they will add to the wealth and the reputation of our kingdom, and therefore, it is not proper to send them out. However, Duryodhana insisted that they should be sent out. He said he has mastered one hundred and thirty powerful hymns that will protect him from the enemies. -
Societal Evils in Contemporary India from Chetan Bhagat's Perspective in Revolution 2020 M
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) ISSN: 2277-3878,Volume-8, Issue- 1C2, May 2019 Societal Evils in Contemporary India from Chetan Bhagat's Perspective in Revolution 2020 M. RakeshBabu, E. Titus Livingston Abstract--- The paper entitled “Societal Evils in Contemporary actually operate, which lead to untold corruption India from ChetanBhagat's Perspective in Revolution 2020”. everywhere. Corruption, the dark side of Indian society that Chetan says that though writing in a developing country Indians are generally accustomed to, manifests itself in the youngsters are failing to getrecogorizeChetanBhagat the creative rotten educational system, coupled with the dishonesty and writer in the field of Indian English Literature has portrayed the mechanical life of youngsters in his novel Revolution 2020. The bribery that exist in public life forms the essence of this paper brings forth the empathetic life of youngsters and the novel(2). political problems in a vivid manner. It shows the life of the The protagonist comes from a humble background that protagonist and the burden faced by them through relatives and faces tremendous pressures in life. The novel describes him society as an ordinary person with a slight paunch. It goes on to add Keywords--- Societal, Contemporary, Getrecogorize, that the “rest of him was whitish complexion, modest five- Developing and Burden. feet seven-inch height, (and) his side-parted hair was reassuringly normal. His father didn't give him any pocket I. INTRODUCTION money and he didn't have much in his own pocket.” (1) The ChetanBhagat is usually considered to speak on behalf of protagonist lost his mother at the age of four, and his father the Indian entrepreneurial community. -
Annual Review Research Community Are Invited to Participate, Exchange Ideas and Network in Our Regular Workshops, Lectures and Conferences
Join the SOAS South Asia Institute The SOAS South Asia Institute welcomes people with an interest in South Asia who would like to get involved with our activities. Our offices are located on the 4th floor of the Brunei Gallery and we welcome visitors by appointment. There are many ways of getting involved with the SSAI: Connect with Us: • Study at SOAS: The SSAI has developed a new Email: Receive regular updates from us about events Masters programme in Intensive South Asian Studies. and activities by writing to [email protected] This two-year programme offers comprehensive language-based training across a wide range of Like us on Facebook and join our vibrant disciplines in the humanities and social sciences. community: www.facebook.com/SouthAsia.SOAS All of the Institute’s teaching programmes will provide students with valuable skills that are rarely Follow and interact with us on Twitter: @soas_sai available elsewhere. These include interdisciplinary understandings of South Asian society that are Check our web pages for details about all our theoretically sophisticated and based on deep activities: www.soas.ac.uk/south-asia-institute/ empirical foundations and advanced proficiency in Join in the discussion through the languages such as Bengali, Hindi, Nepali, Sanskrit and Institute’s new blog, South Asia Notes: Urdu. http://blogs.soas.ac.uk/ssai-notes/ • Outreach: Our free seminar series, which is held regularly on a weekly or fortnightly basis is open to Address: the wider public. Our events often host high-level The SOAS South Asia Institute politicians, local and foreign academics and many Room B405, Brunei Gallery SOAS SOUTH ASIA INSTITUTE more. -
Think Film! on Current Practices and Challenges in Film Culture: a Documentation of a Student Symposium 2020
Repositorium für die Medienwissenschaft Adriane Meusch, Bianka-Isabell Scharmann u.a. (Hg.) Think Film! On Current Practices and Challenges in Film Culture: A Documentation of a Student Symposium 2020 https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/13589 Veröffentlichungsversion / published version Konferenzbeitrag / conference object Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Meusch, Adriane; Scharmann, Bianka-Isabell (Hg.): Think Film! On Current Practices and Challenges in Film Culture: A Documentation of a Student Symposium. Frankfurt am Main: Zenodo 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/13589. Erstmalig hier erschienen / Initial publication here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3662799 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer Creative Commons - This document is made available under a creative commons - Namensnennung 4.0/ Lizenz zur Verfügung gestellt. Nähere Attribution 4.0/ License. For more information see: Auskünfte zu dieser Lizenz finden Sie hier: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ THINK THINK FILM! Edited by Adriane MeuschandBianka- Adriane Edited by Isabell Scharmann On Current Practices and Challenges in Film Culture: A Documentation of a Student Symposium Think Film! On Current Practices and Challenges in Film Culture: A Documentation of a Student Symposium Edited by Adriane Meusch & Bianka- Isabell Scharmann Frankfurt am Main, 2020 Editors Adriane Meusch and Bianka-Isabell Scharmann, in collaboration with Michelle Rafaela Kamolz https://thinkfilmsymposium.wordpress.com Copy Editor Carly Crane Graphic Design Muriel Serf (mmm.do) Bibliographic information of the German Library The German Library catalogues this publication in the German National Bibliography; detailed bibliographic information can be found on the Internet website: http://dnb.d-nb.de. -
A Study on Screen Adaptations from Literature with Reference to Chetan
Journal of Advanced Research in Journalism & Mass Communication Volume 5, Issue 1&2 - 2018, Pg. No. 1-6 Peer Reviewed Journal Research Article A Study on Screen Adaptations from Literature with Reference to Chetan Bhagat’s Novel Manmeet Kaur1, Divya Rastogi Kapoor2 1,2Assistant Professors, Delhi Metropolitan Education, Sector-62, Noida. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2395.3810.201801 Abstract In order to cater a huge audience, film makers from all over the world have adopted literature writings for movie making. The key purpose of these screen adaptations lies in giving visual appeal to the black and white words of the author’s writings. Furthermore, there are restricted readers for different genres and subject of novel and literature respectively. But film making satisfies the hunger of a large heterogeneous audience with the element of ‘entertainment’. The idea of screen adaptations dates back years ago when people had limited options for entertainment and recreational activities. The study is based on movies made in Bollywood which have been inspired by the writings of novelists. This is a qualitative research in which Chetan Bhagat’s novel ‘Five Point Someone’ and ‘2 States’have been take up by Bollywood film makers to make movies ‘3 Idiots’ and ‘2 States’ respectively. The research methodology will be content analysis that how writer’s experience with words can make movie audience fall for it through the adaptations. Keywords: Audience, Content analysis, Novels, Screen adaptations, Bollywood film maker, 2 States, five point someone Introduction cult, classic, animated and soon2(i). In the year 2013, we have celebrated 100 years of Indian cinema which was Film spectators/audiences are important in making a started with the vision and passion of Dadasaheb Phalke, movie a grand success. -
ISSN 2454-8596 Chetan Bhagat: an Exertive Writer Reflecting Youth
ISSN 2454-8596 www.vidhyayanaejournal.org An International Multidisciplinary Research e-Journal ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chetan Bhagat: An Exertive Writer Reflecting Youth Issues on National Level Dr. Vishal A. Dave Assistant Professor Shri M.P. Shah Commerce College, Surendranagar-Gujarat, India. V o l u m e I II I s s u e 6 June - 2 0 1 8 Page 1 ISSN 2454-8596 www.vidhyayanaejournal.org An International Multidisciplinary Research e-Journal ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chetan Bhagat: An Exertive Writer Reflecting Youth Issues on National Level Abstract This paper aims to highlight the contribution and importance of Chetan Bhagat for enlightening the prominent issues of youth in India. He is also one of the prominent example of Indian youth who was confused about his goal towards his life but he become what he wanted. Chetan Bhagat not only highlighted major issues of youth but also given possible solutions to overcome. Introduction India has largest mass of youth but there is No strong platform for youth. We find lots of Directionless youth. There is Need of development of youth and for this Understanding youth problems is more important. To make them capable one should think about their issues. To enlighten young generation about their potential and their issues it is must important to focus first on the youngster‘s problems. So many major or minor concerns of youth which would be put in light for their possible solutions. To evoke the social reformer or writer for thinking about youth it is necessary to concentrate on them. The study aims to explore the concerns related to Culture, religion, and tradition, social or political in which young generation is involved. -
London Book Fair 2020 for Further Information on All Clients and Titles in This Catalogue, Please Contact
a Aitken Alexander Associates London Book Fair 2020 For further information on all clients and titles in this catalogue, please contact: LISA BAKER France, Germany, Holland and Italy Email: [email protected] LAURA OTAL Brazil, China, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Greece, Iceland, Japan, Korea, Norway, Portugal, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Taiwan ANNA HALL Arabic, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Croatia, Estonia, Hungary, Indian Languages, Indonesia, Israel, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Mongolia, Thailand, Turkey, Serbia, Slovenia, Vietnam Email: [email protected] Literary Agents Centre Tables: Monica – 33F, Anna – 33E, Lisa Baker – 34F For Film and Television Rights please contact: LESLEY THORNE Email: [email protected] Aitken Alexander Associates Ltd. 291 Gray’s Inn Road London WC1X 8QJ Telephone (020) 7373 8672 www.aitkenalexander.co.uk @AitkenAlexander @aitkenalexander Contents Page Fiction: Girl, Woman, Other by Bernardine Evaristo p.1 Backlist titles by Bernardine Evaristo p.2-3 The High House by Jessie Greengrass p.4 The Harpy by Megan Hunter p.5 How We Are Translated by Jessica Gaitán Johannesson p.6 Sisters by Daisy Johnson p.7 Nightingale by Marina Kemp p.8 Isabelle in the Afternoon by Douglas Kennedy p.9 Highway Blue by Ailsa McFarlane p.10 Castles from Cobwebs by Juliana Mensah p.11 The Anthill by Julianne Pachico p.12 English Monsters by James Scudamore p.13 The Sandpit by Nicholas Shakespeare p.14 Honeybee by Craig Silvey p.15 Viral by Matthew Sperling p.16 Pine by Francine Toon p.17 Permission -
Representation of Problems of Youth and Fraudulent Society in Chetan Bhagat’S Revolution 2020
SOCIAL REALISM: REPRESENTATION OF PROBLEMS OF YOUTH AND FRAUDULENT SOCIETY IN CHETAN BHAGAT’S REVOLUTION 2020 DIGAMBAR S. KULKARNI Department of English Hon. Shri. Annasaheb Dange A.C.S. College, Hatkanangale (MS) (INDIA) The present paper is an honest attempt to understand the concept of social realism in literature. Realism, broadly speaking, is the faithful or truthful representation of the events in a matter of fact way avoiding any kind of embellishment or glorification. In literature, the term ‘realism’ is associated with a number of prefixes that varies its trends of presentation. There may be philosophical realism, magic realism, surrealism, hallucinatory realism, social realism and many more. Social realism is a literary technique that presents a true picture of society. It also mirrors the life as it is and offers social commentary. The novelists who use the technique of social realism often present the social evils, social injustice and social issues that affect the life of middle class particularly. Chetan Bhagat is the well known author of six novels and all these novels are about the youth, their aspirations and problems, their struggle, success and failures. According to Chetan Bhagat, the young generation of India is on the verge of destruction. They are indulged in drinking, smoking, sex and illegal business. Gopal, the narrator-cum-protagonist of Bhagat’s fifth novel Revolution 2020: Love, Corruption, Ambition (2010) symbolically stands for the young generation of India who are walking on the wrong path. Aarti, the only female character in the novel enjoys Gopal’s company for drinking and develops sexual relations with him though she loves Raghav.